RU2176485C2 - Instrument for operations on bones - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment, particularly, surgical instruments for treatment of bone tissues. SUBSTANCE: instrument may be used for various versions of bone graft of tubular and flat bones. Said instrument consists of handle and working part in the form of three rectangular plates with common cutting edge on end and interconnected by their side surfaces. Plates are interconnected to one another at obtuse angles. Middle part of each plate is made with limit slot for fixation of graft to bone by wire or screw, and removal of instrument. EFFECT: higher quality of instrument due to reduced injury of operation and its duration. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to surgical instruments for processing bone tissue, and can be used with various options for bone grafting of tubular or flat bones.

 The "Medical chisel" (1) is known, which has a typesetting blade that allows for multi-plane osteotomy of the bone.

 In the process of developing the invention, the “Osteotomy Device” (2) was also taken into account, which serves to stably fix the instrument on the bone to obtain a pre-calculated osteotomy plane. It contains a chisel, a handle, in which longitudinal channels are made under the spokes.

 However, the use of known devices does not make it possible to perform a figured corticotomy with the formation of a multifaceted flat underlying bed for stacked grafts around the circumference of the tubular or rounded surfaces of the flat bones.

 Closest to its decision to the claimed is the "Chisel" (3), considered as a prototype. It consists of a handle and a working part in the form of three interconnected side surfaces at right angles of rectangular plates with a common cutting edge at the end.

 However, the prototype has the same disadvantages as the above analogues.

 The invention consists in a combination of distinctive features that ensure the achievement of the desired technical result, namely: reducing the time of engraftment of the graft and improving treatment results. The essential features of the invention are that the plates are interconnected at obtuse angles, the middle part of each plate being made with a longitudinal slot for fixing the graft to the bone with a spoke or screw and removing the instrument.

 The implementation of the working part of the instrument in the form of three rectangular plates connected to each other by obtuse angles with a common cutting edge at the end allows the cortical layer of the bone to peel off to almost a significant part of the tubular bone diaphysis circumference with the creation of a flat bed for each of the placed grafts. This allows you to increase the contact of the graft with the underlying bone, creates better conditions for the stability of the position of the graft, reducing the time of its engraftment. All this reduces the invasiveness of the operation, its duration and, accordingly, improves the quality of treatment.

 The presence of a longitudinal slot in the middle of each of the plates allows fixation with a spoke or screw of each of the grafts adjacent to the bone without removing the instrument. This prevents the likelihood of displacement and loss of normal orientation of the grafts on the bones during the extraction of the device.

 The tool is shown in the attached illustrations.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device, FIG. 2 - the position of the instrument on the bone during the operation.

 The tool contains a handle 1, at one end of which there is a working part made in the form of three interconnected side surfaces at obtuse angles of rectangular plates 2. At the end, the working part is provided with a longitudinal slot 4.

 The tool is used as follows.

 A section of soft tissue exposes the bony diaphysis above the level of the proposed bone grafting. A periosteum is dissected by a linear incision and it is exfoliated. The cutting edge 3 sets the tool on the bone 7 with its length at an acute angle to the axis of the diaphysis. By hammer blows on the handle 1, the working part 3 is inserted into the cortical bone layer (not shown in Fig. 2) and, having reduced the angle of the instrument, a corticotomy is performed for the required length. The exfoliated cortical layer is lifted, moving the handle away from the bone, and the required number of transplants are laid on the formed flat areas around its perimeter 6. The handle 1 is again brought to the bone 7 and the grafts are pressed against it with a tool. Through the slots 4, in a predetermined direction, spokes 5 or screws (not shown) are inserted through the grafts 6 into the bone 7. After passing the latter through the exfoliated cortical layer, grafts 6 and the underlying layer of bone 7, the device is removed. Knitting needles 5 or screws are additionally carried out to the required depth into the bone 7 to ensure full fixation of the grafts 6. Next, the integrity of the periosteum is restored and the surgical wound is sutured.

Sources of information
1. Medical chisel, a. from. N 1181640.

 2. The tool for bone operations and.with. N 1360710.

 3. Device for osteotomy a.s. N 888974.

Claims (1)

 A tool for bone operations, consisting of a handle and a working part in the form of three rectangular plates interconnected by the side surfaces with a common cutting edge at the end, characterized in that the plates are connected at obtuse angles, the middle part of each plate being made with a longitudinal slot for fixing the transplant to the bone with a spoke or screw and removing the instrument.

Images