RU36930U1 - COMBINED AGRICULTURE UNIT - Google Patents

Description

COMBINED AGRICULTURE AGREGA T

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely, to machines for the basic processing of nights, crumbling lumps and leveling the surface.

Known combined arable unit, including a frame with copy wheels, plowshares with rear mounted for crumbling and leveling the hitch with two in-line rollers (Karpenko A.N., Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines. M .: Kolos. - 1989 .-S. 73-75).

The disadvantage of the combined arable unit is the method of regulating the degree of crushing of the soil by changing the weight of the ballast.

Known combined arable unit, including a frame with a copy wheel, ploughshare and active drive crumbling - leveling device in the form of a rod working body (Prototype NK Mazitov. Soil-farming agriculture machines - M .: Rosselkhozizdat. 1987. S. 6-9.- Fig. G).

This unit has a number of significant disadvantages.

The main thing is the leveling working body - the rod. Firstly, it works at a constant, and shallow depth, and only carries out surface loosening. Secondly, during the main tillage, there are still quite a lot of plant, crop residues, therefore, winding them onto the bar is not ruled out, which violates the technological process. Thirdly, the bar cannot evenly distribute and mix mineral and organic fertilizers introduced before the main treatment.

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MPK A01V5 / 00

unit, including a frame with a copying wheel, ploughshare housings, and, in short, an alignment device made of successive milling cutter bodies with a vertical axis of rotation successively behind each pair, and each milling cutter is made in the form of a horizontal disk mounted on a vertical shaft with racks with paws evenly spaced around the circumference while the legs are sequentially connected by a flexible element. Flexible elements can be installed on milling cutters in several tiers and milling cutters are made with the ability to move up - down, right - left and forward - backward.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the active-drive crumbling - leveling device consists of milling cutters with a vertical axis of rotation located sequentially behind each pair of flap bodies, each milling cutter made in the form of a horizontal disk mounted on a vertical shaft, with racks with legs evenly spaced around the circumference, while the legs are connected in series with a flexible element. Flexible elements can be installed in several tiers. Milling cutters have the ability to move up - down, left - to the right, forward - back.

Figure 1 - shows a diagram of a combined arable unit,

view from above;

in FIG. 2 - mill, side view; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of a soil cultivation, side view.

The combined arable unit consists of a plow frame 1 with a copying wheel 2. On the frame there are mounted case bodies 3, 4, 5, 6. To the skid-mounted beam, the frames are fixed on the arms 7 and 8 of the cutter 9 and 10.

On the vertical shafts of the milling cutters, horizontal disks 11 and 12 are installed on which racks 13 (Fig. 2) with legs 14 are evenly spaced around the legs. The racks 13 of legs 14 are inserted into the holders 15 and are locked with bolts with lock nuts 16. The legs are chisel-shaped or lancet. All legs 14 are sequentially connected around the circumference by a stretched flexible element 17, which is used as a round link chain or cable 0 8 ... 10 mm.

The flexible element can be installed in two tiers, milling cutters with legs can move together with brackets 7 and 8 up - down, left - to the right, relative to the plow frame 1, and left - to the right along the brackets 7 and 8.

This allows you to change the location of the cutter and the depth of travel of the legs 14 with a flexible element 17. When using plows with six plowshares, three cutters are installed, with eight - four cutters with a diameter of 800 mm.

Combined arable unit operates as follows.

Using the tractor attachment system and the copy wheel 2 of the unit, the required stroke depth of the buildings 3, 4, 5, 6 is achieved.

By moving the milling cutters with brackets 7 and 8 up and down relative to the frame 1, the depth of the legs 14 with the flexible element 17 is regulated. It is 7 ... 10 cm. By moving the milling cutter to the left - to the right, it is achieved that part of the grip of each milling cutter “c is located directly behind the rear servicing the mill, plow bodies 4 and 6, that is, in a zone free of soil. This provides the creation of torque ,, Nm;

causing the cutter to rotate clockwise. This is also facilitated by soil layers coming down from the hulls 4 and 6, acting with a force P tangentially on the flexible elements of the milling cutters 17 and causing the milling cutter to rotate.

In the process of moving plowshares cut soil layers (Fig. 2) and shift them to the right. In this case, ridges 18 and 19 of lumpy soil are formed.

Following the plow body, rotary milling cutters with paws 14 with flexible elements 17 cut off the febbles 18 and 19, crush the soil and level the surface. The degree of crumbling of the soil is regulated by changing the number of paws installed on the mill, and the quality of the surface leveling by the number of flexible elements.

Behind each pair of plow body 3 and 4 (5, 6) with a total grip of 700 mm there is a milling cutter 9 (10) with a grip of 800 mm, that is, the milling cutters work with some overlap.

Implementation example: tillage was carried out simultaneously with plowing by tooth harrows and milling cutters with paws, using an aggregate consisting of the DT-75M tractor and the PLN-4-35 plow.

Table 1 - the degree of crumbling soil

As can be seen from the table, when plowing with milling, the degree of crumbling of the soil reaches 90%. Fertilizers introduced before plowing are well distributed over the surface and mixed with the soil. In view of the fact that the paws with flexible elements mix both in the longitudinal and in the transverse directions, after the passage of the unit, a smoothed, mulched field surface is obtained.

The use of the combined arable unit ensures the conservation of soil moisture reserves due to the effective crumbling of the soil and leveling the surface (the evaporation area decreases). Active cutters damage and destroy eggs, pupae, and larvae of agricultural pests laid in the soil. Eliminates the need for additional presowing milling of the soil, which naturally reduces energy costs.

The uniform distribution and thorough mixing of mineral and organic fertilizers creates more favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, increasing their productivity.

Claims (3)

1. Combined arable unit, including a frame with a copying wheel, ploughshare housings, chopping-leveling device, characterized in that the chopping-leveling device consists of milling cutters with a vertical axis of rotation located in series behind each pair of plow-blade shells, each cutter made in the form of an installed on the vertical shaft of the horizontal disk with racks with legs evenly spaced around the circumference, while the legs are connected in series with a flexible element. 2. The combined arable unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible elements can be installed in several tiers. 3. The combined arable unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutters are made with the ability to move up and down, left and right, and back and forth.