RU33432U1 - Mine recirculation grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

MINE RECIRCULATING ZERMSUPPLOCK MPK F26B 3 / 02.17 / 12

The utility model relates to devices for drying grain and can be used in agriculture for drying seed, food and feed grain of wheat, rye, oats, and the like.

A recirculation grain dryer is known, comprising a heater connected in series, a mixer of heated and recirculated grain, a heat and mass exchanger, drying and cooling shafts, the heater being made in the form of a two-column shaft with alternating heating and mixing sections and a distribution chamber located between the shafts, and the cooling chamber is made remote (Aut St. USSR No. 767476, IPC F26B 3/02 prototype).

The disadvantages of the prototype include the following.

Firstly, due to the lack of recirculation in the heating shaft, the grain in the black dryer moves slowly, which reduces productivity and creates the risk of grain overheating in case of stagnation.

Secondly, the exhaust devices of the prototype are most likely driven, which requires additional energy.

Thirdly, a grain dryer will not provide high performance when drying high-moisture grain.

Fourthly, loading and unloading of grain should be constantly regulated by inlet and outlet valves depending on the amount of incoming black and constantly monitored by a person.

Fifth, the presence of a drain hopper in the prototype increases the cost of a grain dryer, as the construction of a discharge hopper requires additional costs. In addition, in the event of overflow of the drainage hopper, the elevator of the grain dryer will undergo pressure and the elevator may fail. To prevent this from happening, you need constant monitoring.

The objective of the utility model is to increase productivity by providing drying of high-moisture grain in one pass through a grain drying unit without deteriorating grain quality, simplifying the design by using devices that do not require human involvement in the adjustment of the drying process, ensuring ease of operation, increasing operational reliability, and stability.

The technical result is achieved through the successive installation of three recirculation shafts with elevators: two drying and one cooling, elevators located on the outside of the grain dryer, installing a heat and mass exchanger on each of the three mines, the use of overflow devices that exclude the participation of man in the regulation of grain flows entering the mines, from mines and the release of grain from a grain dryer, and in this regard, the constant adjustment of inlet and outlet devices. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that it provides for preliminary cleaning, drying, cleaning on the separator and the trimers in the stream.

The problem is achieved in that the mine recirculation grain dryer, containing a successively arranged heat and mass exchanger, drying shaft, cooling shaft, contains two drying shafts, an operating platform for uninterrupted reception of grain from the fields and feeding it to the grain dryer, three grain cleaning departments, a furnace, fans, while two drying shafts and a cooling shaft are recirculating, arranged in series, the walls of the shafts serve as supporting structures and are made of

prefabricated reinforced concrete panels, non-power exhaust devices are installed under the shafts, each of the three shafts is equipped with an overflow device, the three elevators serving the shafts are located outside the grain dryer, the heat and mass exchangers are reinforced concrete bunkers made in the form of a continuation of the 11th part of the drying and cooling shafts, an operating platform for . the continuous grain collection is a reinforced concrete underground gallery with a conveyor, a block pit and discharge funnels with rack valves, the first {urgent cleaning department consists of a clean grain bunker, a waste bunker, a pre-cleaner, the second grain cleaning section located behind the cooling shaft consists of clean bins grain, valuable waste, unsuitable waste, a separator with a fan and a cyclone, the third grain cleaning department consists of four inlet blocks, and, all the bunkers for dispensing products to vehicles are equipped with pendulum valves, the furnace is vertical, located on a monolithic or prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation and is a metal casing, inside of which there is a square pipe made of refractory bricks installed on columns, a nozzle, a fan and flame control devices, a confuser with anti-explosion valves is installed in the upper part of the furnace, a gas duct is made from the furnace to the mine fans, divided by This wall length, fans are installed near each shaft, shafts are provided with pressure head and outlet chambers.

The task is achieved by the fact that when used as combustible oil, an nozzle, a high-pressure fan, and a general prechamber are additionally installed in the furnace.

The mine recirculation grain dryer contains an operating platform 1, an underground gallery conveyor 2, a noria 3 for feeding grain from the operating platform to the second grain cleaning department, a preliminary grain cleaning machine 4, a clean grain bunker 5 and a waste bin 6, elevator 7 for feeding raw refined grain in the recirculation shaft 8 first. drying, recirculation shaft 9 of the second drying stage with noria 10, recirculation cooling shaft 11 with noria 12, the second grain cleaning compartment in which there is a separator 13 with a fan 14 and a cyclone 15, a hopper 16 of clean grain, a hopper 17 of unsuitable waste, a hopper 18 of valuable waste, the third the grain cleaning department contains 4 triers with elevator and silos (not shown in the drawing), a furnace 19, mine fans 20, 21, 22, overflow devices 23, 24, 25.

The operation of the grain dryer is as follows.

For the uninterrupted reception of grain from the fields and feeding it to the grain dryer, the operational platform 1 is used. The operational platform is an underground concrete gallery with a conveyor 2, an overburden pit and outlet funnels with latch valves. From the operating platform 1, the raw grain is conveyed to the elevator 3 through the conveyor and then to the first grain cleaning department for preliminary cleaning. In the machine 4, coarse impurities and wind deposits are separated from the grain, which are fed into the waste bin 6, and the clean grain enters the bin 5. From the bin 5, the grain is sequentially fed to the drying recirculation shaft 8 of the first drying stage, partially through the elevator 7 and through 1, the irrigation device 23 merges into the shaft 9 of the second drying stage with noriya 10. In the first ore, the raw and dry recirculated grain is mixed, passed through a heat and mass exchanger, where heat and moisture are exchanged in the grain mass, and in the mines 8,

9, moisture is removed from the grain. For drying grain in a grain dryer, a thermal process is used.

In the third recirculation shaft And with noriya 12, the grain is recycled, it is cooled qualitatively and fed to the second grain cleaning division for cleaning, and then to the third grain cleaning department for final cleaning of particles that are difficult to separate. The second grain cleaning department serves to separate the grain into fractions and remove waste from the grain and consists of a separator 13 with a fan 14 and a cyclone 15, a clean grain bin 16, a waste bin 17, and a valuable bin 18. The third grain cleaning department consists of four indented blocks with silos and noria (not shown in the drawing) and is intended to produce seed material. In the third grain cleaning department, the grain is thoroughly cleaned of particles that are difficult to separate (oatmeal, in col, etc.). The cleaned, dried and chilled grain is fed to the inn motor transport via a conveyor to the grain warehouse for long-term storage without active ventilation.

The heat carrier volume per 1 kg of dried grain is 1.5-2 times increased in comparison with other existing grain dryers and in this regard, the grain drying process is intensified, while the wind outflows (chaff, pulped grain) are returned to the grain drying unit from gravity chambers to production for further drying.

Dry grain by gravity through the overflow device 25 is automatically discharged to the separator 13 in an amount equal to the grain coming from the hopper 5, taking into account the drying in the mines 8, 9, 11.

The principle of the grain dryer’s operation is based on multiple recirculation of dried grain in mines during an isothermal process. The design of the flax dryer contains three consecutively located reinforced concrete shafts.

And the top of each mine has a continuation - a reinforced concrete bunker with a moisture and moisture exchanger, where heat and mass transfer takes place in the grain, and in the mines intensive removal of moisture.

The presence of heat and moisture exchangers and recirculation allows you to simultaneously feed grain of varying degrees of moisture to the grain dryer. The moisture content of the grain is reduced from 40% to 13% without deteriorating its quality in one pass through the grain drying unit. In the lower part of the mine, they end with non-drive exhaust devices made of sheet steel to ensure uniform release of grain over the entire cross section of the mines. In the longitudinal panels of the shafts, holes are provided for filling the inside of the shafts with ducts. All bunkers for dispensing products to vehicles are equipped with pendulum valves.

Vertical firebox 19 consists of an outer metal casing made of sheet steel and a square pipe made of refractory bricks. In the lower part of the furnace there is a nozzle, fan and torch availability control devices. The entire furnace through four columns is supported by a monolithic or prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation. A confuser with explosion-proof valves is installed in the upper part of the furnace. From the furnace to the fans of the mines for heating grain, a gas duct is provided, divided along the entire length by a partition. When using fuel oil (which is cheaper than fuel and lubricants), equipment is additionally installed in the furnace: nozzle, high-pressure fan, general prechamber.

Each shaft is served by a separate fan 20, 21, 22 and has a pressure and discharge chamber.

Drying is carried out in three recirculation reinforced concrete mines, each of which, together with the recirculation noriya, forms a grain recirculation loop. The grain goes through 3 recirculation circuits. The presence of the first and

i of the raw recirculation loop makes it possible to use a two-stage temperature regime, which allows to better maintain the quality of seed and food grain during drying. The third circuit provides final drying and high-quality cooling of the dried grain. Such grain is better preserved during long-term storage and does not require an additional active ventilation device in the grain warehouse. Thus, the grain from the fields in the stream in the complex passes completely: preliminary cleaning; drying; separator cleaning; cleaning on triers, which allows to obtain seeds in a stream.

The grain dryer is easy to set up and operate. The grain dryer is compact. Ventilation networks with minimally short flues. For noriya not i | - metalwork is required from top to bottom, as the walls of the shaft themselves serve as a supporting structure. This leads to a decrease in metal consumption, simplification of maintenance of elevators, which are located outside the grain dryers. The grain drying unit is reinforced concrete, durable, easy to use, fireproof. In addition, the rapid flow of grain through the mines eliminates the stagnation of grain, which makes it fireproof. Vertical firebox is easy to operate, reliable, durable, can operate on oil.

Thus, the presence of essential features of the claimed mine recirculation grain dryer provides it with the described advantages over

PROTOTYPE.

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA

1. A mine recirculation grain dryer containing a successively arranged heat and mass exchanger, a drying shaft, a cooling shaft, characterized in that the grain dryer contains two drying shafts, an operating platform for the uninterrupted reception of grain from the fields and feeding it to the grain dryer, three grain cleaning departments, a furnace, fans, two drying shafts and a cooling shaft are recirculated, arranged in series, the walls of the shafts serve as load-bearing structures and are made of prefabricated reinforced concrete x panels, non-power exhaust devices are installed under the shafts, each of the three shafts is equipped with an overflow device, three elevators serving the shafts are located outside the grain dryer, heat and mass exchangers are reinforced concrete bunkers made in the form of a continuation of the upper part of the drying and cooling shafts, an operational platform for uninterrupted reception grain is a reinforced concrete underground gallery with a conveyor, an overburden pit and discharge funnels with rack valves, the first grain cleaning the department consists of a clean grain bunker, a waste bunker, a preliminary cleaning machine, the second grain cleaning section located behind the cooling shaft consists of clean grain bins, valuable waste, waste, a separator with a fan and a cyclone, the third grain cleaning section consists of four measuring units, moreover, all bunkers for dispensing products to vehicles are equipped with pendulum latches, the furnace is vertical, located on a monolithic or precast reinforced concrete foundation, and It is a metal casing, inside of which there is a square pipe made of refractory brick, mounted on

bricks mounted on columns, a nozzle, a fan and torch monitoring devices are installed in the lower part of the furnace, a confuser with anti-explosion valves is installed in the upper part of the furnace, a gas duct is made from the furnace to the mine fans, the partition is divided along the entire length, the fans are installed near each mine, the mines are equipped with pressure and discharge chambers.

2. The mine recirculation grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, when used as a combustible oil, an nozzle, a high pressure fan, and a general prechamber are additionally installed in the furnace.

Claims (2)

1. A mine recirculation grain dryer containing a successively arranged heat and mass exchanger, a drying shaft, a cooling shaft, characterized in that the grain dryer contains two drying shafts, an operating platform for the uninterrupted reception of grain from the fields and feeding it to the grain dryer, three grain cleaning departments, a furnace, fans, two drying shafts and a cooling shaft are recirculated, arranged in series, the walls of the shafts serve as load-bearing structures and are made of prefabricated reinforced concrete x panels, non-power exhaust devices are installed under the shafts, each of the three shafts is equipped with an overflow device, three elevators serving the shafts are located outside the grain dryer, heat and mass exchangers are reinforced concrete bunkers made in the form of a continuation of the upper part of the drying and cooling shafts, an operational platform for uninterrupted reception grain is a reinforced concrete underground gallery with a conveyor, an overburden pit and discharge funnels with rack valves, the first grain cleaning the department consists of a clean grain bunker, a waste bunker, a preliminary cleaning machine, the second grain cleaning section located behind the cooling shaft consists of clean grain bins, valuable waste, waste, a separator with a fan and a cyclone, the third grain cleaning section consists of four measuring units, moreover, all bunkers for dispensing products to vehicles are equipped with pendulum valves, the furnace is vertical, located on a monolithic or precast concrete foundation, and it is a metal casing, inside which there is a square pipe made of refractory bricks, mounted on columns, a nozzle, a fan and torch monitoring devices are installed in the lower part of the furnace, a confuser with anti-explosion valves is installed in the upper part of the furnace, a gas duct is made from the furnace to the mine fans, divided by a partition along the entire length, fans are installed near each mine, the mines are equipped with pressure and discharge chambers. 2. The mine recirculation grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that when used as a combustible oil, an nozzle, a high pressure fan, and a general prechamber are additionally installed in the furnace.