CN201630195U - Energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer - Google Patents
Energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN201630195U CN201630195U CN2010201104170U CN201020110417U CN201630195U CN 201630195 U CN201630195 U CN 201630195U CN 2010201104170 U CN2010201104170 U CN 2010201104170U CN 201020110417 U CN201020110417 U CN 201020110417U CN 201630195 U CN201630195 U CN 201630195U
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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Abstract
一种节能高效粮食干燥机,包括干燥塔、进料装置、热风炉、冷风机、角状气槽、排粮装置,其技术要点是:干燥塔各工段内至少均布三层角状气槽,最下层的角状气槽贯穿干燥塔侧壁,最下层的角状气槽与其上侧的角状气槽垂直,上侧相邻两层角状气槽的进气端分别在干燥塔两侧并与通风管道连接,该通风管道的热风入口与热风炉连接、冷风入口与冷风机相连;热风炉中的换热器下部设烟气除尘净化装置,烟气除尘净化装置与烟气回收室连通,在炉排上侧靠近炉门的炉体内设隔热墙,隔热墙连接有导热板,在烟气炉排底部与烟气回收室之间设回流烟道,炉排与设在炉体内的鼓风入口连通。本实用新型具备干燥粮食效率高质量好、体积小、环保、节能等优点。
An energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer, including a drying tower, a feeding device, a hot blast stove, a cooling fan, an angular air tank, and a grain discharge device. The technical points are: at least three layers of angular air tanks are evenly distributed in each section of the drying tower , the lowermost angular air groove runs through the side wall of the drying tower, the lowermost angular air groove is perpendicular to the upper angular air groove, and the air inlet ends of the upper two adjacent layers of angular air groove are at the two sides of the drying tower The side of the ventilation duct is connected to the ventilation duct, the hot air inlet of the ventilation duct is connected to the hot blast stove, and the cold air inlet is connected to the cold fan; the lower part of the heat exchanger in the hot blast stove is equipped with a flue gas dust removal and purification device, and the flue gas dust removal and purification device is connected to the flue gas recovery chamber Connected, a heat insulation wall is installed in the furnace body near the furnace door on the upper side of the grate. The blast inlet in the body is connected. The utility model has the advantages of high drying efficiency, high quality, small volume, environmental protection, energy saving and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于粮食干燥设备技术领域,具体地说是一种节能高效粮食干燥机。The utility model belongs to the technical field of grain drying equipment, in particular to an energy-saving and high-efficiency grain drying machine.
背景技术Background technique
现有的粮食干燥设备中的干燥塔主要有两种类型:1、角状气槽式干燥塔,粮食从相邻气槽间夹缝中堆积下落,热(冷)气流从气槽中流入,气流从气槽下开口进入粮食层,完成对粮食的加热(冷却)去水,这里的气槽分层均布在干燥塔内,当塔体由内外两层结构组成时,进气口设置在内外夹层中,在夹层中间相对的粮食层部位设档风板,该档风板的目的是将下层气槽层流出的气体导向上层气槽层,气槽层之间的气体流动由下至上类蛇形传递,这种结构导致热气的温度由下至上逐渐减低,干燥效果必然不均;当塔体为单层结构时,干燥塔中心设置热风管,该热风管向每层气槽通气,热气由塔中心向塔两侧扩散,这种结构虽然使塔内粮食受热温度较平均,但风压较大。2、筛网柱式干燥塔,塔体为内外两层筛网形成,粮食在夹层中堆积下落,热(冷)气流由塔中穿流内筛网经过粮食层穿过外筛网排出,完成对粮食的加热(冷却)去水,此结构一般比较庞大,耗材较多、制作成本高。There are mainly two types of drying towers in the existing grain drying equipment: 1. Angular air groove type drying tower, grain accumulates and falls from the gap between adjacent air grooves, hot (cold) air flows in from the air grooves, Enter the grain layer from the lower opening of the air tank to complete the heating (cooling) of the grain and remove the water. The air tanks here are evenly distributed in the drying tower. When the tower body is composed of two layers of inner and outer layers, the air inlet is set inside and outside. In the interlayer, a windshield is set at the opposite grain layer in the middle of the interlayer. The purpose of the windshield is to guide the gas flowing out of the lower air groove layer to the upper air groove layer, and the gas flow between the air groove layers is from bottom to top like a snake. This structure causes the temperature of the hot air to gradually decrease from bottom to top, and the drying effect is inevitably uneven; when the tower body is a single-layer structure, a hot air pipe is installed in the center of the drying tower, and the hot air pipe is ventilated to each layer of the air tank. The hot air diffuses from the center of the tower to the two sides of the tower. Although this structure makes the temperature of the grain in the tower more even, the wind pressure is relatively high. 2. Sieve column drying tower, the tower body is formed by two layers of screens inside and outside, the grain is accumulated and falls in the interlayer, and the hot (cold) air flow is discharged from the tower through the inner screen through the grain layer and through the outer screen to complete The heating (cooling) of food removes water, and this structure is generally relatively large, and consumable material is more, and production cost is high.
而现有的粮食干燥设备中热风炉产生的烟气一般没有充分利用,导致热能的浪费和对环境的污染,即使烟气被回收利用,也仅是被输送到干燥塔内以补充干燥粮食所需。对于我国东北地区寒冷冬季在使用粮食干燥设备时,外温低、空气湿度一般在30~40%,由于传统结构粮食干燥设备,单纯的提升入塔的热风温度,湿度高的热风干燥粮食时间长耗煤量大,同时冷煤在进入炉排时内外温差大,维持炉温自然耗能更高。However, the flue gas produced by the hot blast stove in the existing grain drying equipment is generally not fully utilized, resulting in waste of heat energy and pollution to the environment. Even if the flue gas is recycled, it is only transported to the drying tower to supplement the dry grain. need. For the use of grain drying equipment in the cold winter of Northeast my country, the external temperature is low and the air humidity is generally 30-40%. Due to the traditional structure of grain drying equipment, the temperature of the hot air entering the tower is simply raised, and the hot air with high humidity takes a long time to dry grain. The coal consumption is large, and at the same time, when the cold coal enters the grate, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is large, and the maintenance of the furnace temperature naturally consumes more energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是提供一种以新式角状气槽式干燥塔和烟气充分回收利用的热风炉的节能高效粮食干燥机。The purpose of this utility model is to provide an energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer with a new-style angular air groove type drying tower and a hot blast stove that fully recycles flue gas.
本实用新型的目的是这样实现的:它包括有由储粮段、烘干段、缓苏段、冷却段组成的干燥塔、干燥塔进料装置、热风炉、冷风机、干燥塔内均布有分层设置的角状气槽、干燥塔底部排粮装置,其特征是:干燥塔各工段内至少均布设置有三层角状气槽,其中各工段内最下层的角状气槽贯穿干燥塔侧壁,各工段内最下层的角状气槽与其上侧的角状气槽垂直,各工段内最下层的角状气槽上侧相邻两层角状气槽的进气端分别在干燥塔两侧并与通风管道连接,该通风管道的热风入口与热风炉连接、冷风入口与冷风机相连;所述的热风炉包括有炉体、炉排、进煤门、进煤斗、出灰门、换热器、热风机,换热器下部设置有烟气除尘净化装置,烟气除尘净化装置与烟气回收室连通,在炉排上侧靠近炉门的炉体内设置有隔热墙,隔热墙还连接有导热板,在烟气炉排底部与烟气回收室之间设置有带风量调节杆的回流烟道,炉排与设置在炉体内的鼓风入口连通。The purpose of this utility model is achieved in this way: it includes a drying tower composed of a grain storage section, a drying section, a slowing section and a cooling section, a drying tower feeding device, a hot blast stove, a cooling fan, and a drying tower uniformly distributed There are angular air grooves arranged in layers and grain discharge device at the bottom of the drying tower. On the side wall of the tower, the angular air grooves on the lowermost layer in each section are perpendicular to the upper angular air grooves. Both sides of the drying tower are connected with ventilation ducts, the hot air inlet of the ventilation duct is connected with the hot blast stove, and the cold wind inlet is connected with the cold air blower; the hot blast stove includes a furnace body, a grate, a coal inlet door, a coal inlet hopper, Ash door, heat exchanger, hot air blower, the lower part of the heat exchanger is equipped with a flue gas dust removal and purification device, the flue gas dust removal and purification device is connected with the flue gas recovery room, and a heat insulation wall is installed in the furnace body near the furnace door on the upper side of the grate , the heat insulation wall is also connected with a heat conduction plate, and a return flue with an air volume adjustment rod is arranged between the bottom of the flue gas grate and the flue gas recovery chamber, and the grate is connected with the blast inlet arranged in the furnace body.
所述的进料装置包括输送机、初级提升机、初清筛和二级提升机,输送机下料端与初级提升机进料口连接,初级提升机下料口与初清筛进料口连接,初清筛的下料口与二级提升机进料口连接。The feeding device includes a conveyor, a primary hoist, a primary cleaning screen and a secondary hoist, the feeding end of the conveyor is connected to the feeding port of the primary hoisting machine, and the feeding port of the primary hoisting machine is connected to the feeding port of the primary cleaning screen. Connection, the discharge port of the primary cleaning screen is connected with the feed port of the secondary elevator.
所述的排粮装置为四叶轮机构排量装置。The grain discharge device is a four-blade mechanism displacement device.
所述导热板为金属板或导热砖。The heat conducting plate is a metal plate or a heat conducting brick.
在导热板和导热板上侧炉体上均布有导向板。Guide plates are evenly distributed on the heat conduction plate and the upper furnace body on the heat conduction plate.
在靠近换热器的热风炉内设置有温度传感器。A temperature sensor is arranged in the hot blast stove close to the heat exchanger.
在炉排下侧还设置有出灰导板。An ash discharge guide plate is also arranged on the lower side of the fire grate.
鼓风入口与炉排之间还设置有空气预热室。An air preheating chamber is also arranged between the blast inlet and the fire grate.
本实用新型各工段最下层角状气槽为排潮层,由于该角状气槽贯穿干燥塔侧壁,所以排潮时仅靠内部风压和自然风作为动力,无需动力机构驱动;各工段内最下层的角状气槽上侧相邻两层角状气槽的进气端分别在干燥塔两侧并与通风管道连接,这样就使各工段内最下层的角状气槽以上相邻两层角状气槽进气方向相向,且是由干燥塔的一侧向另一侧,进入的气体从角状气槽下侧开口向粮食层扩散,其干燥效果好、风压低;进入干燥塔的干热空气由经换热器换热的热空气和在导热板与炉体之间加热的空气组成,充分利用能源,该干热空气的湿度可达到5~10%;由于烟气的回收利用使整套设备的排烟量大大减少,大约为正常排烟量的30%~50%,有利于环境保护,同时烟气的余热节省了燃煤的使用量,与传统烘干方式相比节约燃煤达50%±5%。降低了生产成本;烟气在回收利用过程中还对刚刚进入炉排的冷煤进行预热,可以使燃煤在炉排内充分燃烧,提高热风炉的功效。本实用新型干燥塔的体积仅为传统干燥塔的60%,大幅降低了制造成本。本实用新型还具备占地面积小、操作简单、干燥粮食效率高质量好等优点。The angular air groove at the bottom of each section of the utility model is the moisture-removal layer. Since the angular air groove runs through the side wall of the drying tower, the internal wind pressure and natural wind are used as power for moisture removal, and no power mechanism is needed to drive each section. The upper side of the lowermost angular air groove in the innermost layer is adjacent to the air inlet ends of the two layers of angular air grooves on both sides of the drying tower and connected with the ventilation pipes, so that the uppermost angular air grooves in each section are adjacent to each other. The air intake directions of the two layers of angular air grooves are opposite to each other, and from one side of the drying tower to the other. The hot and dry air in the tower is composed of the hot air exchanged by the heat exchanger and the air heated between the heat conduction plate and the furnace body. The humidity of the hot and dry air can reach 5-10% by making full use of energy; Recycling greatly reduces the smoke exhaust volume of the whole set of equipment, which is about 30% to 50% of the normal smoke exhaust volume, which is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, the waste heat of the flue gas saves the consumption of coal, compared with traditional drying methods Save coal by 50% ± 5%. The production cost is reduced; the flue gas also preheats the cold coal that has just entered the grate during the recycling process, which can fully burn the coal in the grate and improve the efficiency of the hot blast stove. The volume of the drying tower of the utility model is only 60% of that of the traditional drying tower, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost. The utility model also has the advantages of small occupied area, simple operation, high drying efficiency and high quality of grain.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的局部剖视结构示意简图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the utility model.
图2是图1的左视图;Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
图3是图1中热风炉的剖视放大结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional enlarged schematic diagram of the hot blast stove in Fig. 1 .
下面将结合附图通过实例对本实用新型作进一步详细说明,但下述的实例仅仅是本实用新型其中的例子而已,并不代表本实用新型所限定的权利保护范围,本实用新型的权利保护范围以权利要求书为准。The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by examples, but the following examples are only examples of the utility model, and do not represent the limited scope of rights of the utility model, the scope of the utility model The claims shall prevail.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
由图1-3所示,本实用新型的主要结构包括有由储粮段、烘干段、缓苏段、冷却段组成的干燥塔1,干燥塔进料装置,该进料装置包括输送机12、初级提升机13、初清筛14和二级提升机15,输送机12下料端与初级提升机13进料口连接,初级提升机13下料口与初清筛14进料口连接,初清筛14的下料口与二级提升机15进料口连接,二级提升机15下料口与干燥塔1顶部进料口连接,热风炉6,冷风机3,干燥塔底部的四叶轮机构排粮装置,干燥塔内均布有分层设置的角状气槽,干燥塔各工段内均布设置有三层角状气槽,其中各工段内最下层的角状气槽2贯穿干燥塔侧壁,各工段内最下层的角状气槽2与其上侧的角状气槽2a、2b垂直,各工段内最下层的角状气槽上侧相邻两层角状气槽2a、2b的进气端分别在干燥塔两侧并与通风管道9连接,该通风管道的热风入口10与热风炉6连接、冷风入口11与冷风机3相连;热风炉包括有炉体17、炉排21、进煤门24、进煤斗23、出灰门25、换热器16、热风机7,换热器16下部设置有烟气除尘净化装置30,烟气除尘净化装置与烟气回收室29连通,在烟气炉排底部与烟气回收室29之间设置有带风量调节杆27的回流烟道,该风量调节杆可以根据实际需要适时的调节烟气风量。炉排下侧还与空气预热室33连接,空气预热室33与设置在炉体内的鼓风入口32连通。为了提升空气温度至500℃、降低空气湿度、在炉排上侧靠近炉门的炉体内设置有隔热墙22,隔热墙还连接有导热板20,从进煤门24进入的空气在导热板和炉体之间被炉温加热,为了使这部分空气加热充分,在导热板和导热板上侧炉体上均布有导向板19,使空气的流动速度减慢。为了便于监测炉温,在靠近换热器的热风炉内设置有温度传感器18。在炉排下侧还设置有出灰导板26,该出灰导板相对于出灰门的远端高于出灰门的近端,清理煤灰时很方便。As shown in Figures 1-3, the main structure of the utility model includes a
工作时,粮食经输送机12、初级提升机13、初清筛14和二级提升机15进入干燥塔1,粮食在相邻角状气槽间夹缝中堆积下落,炉排传动燃煤从进煤斗23下落到炉排上,经进煤门24进入热风炉炉体内,空气从鼓风入口32进入,首先经过空气预热室33预热,一部分空气送入炉排下侧供燃煤燃烧时所需氧气,燃煤产生的烟气进入换热器16的换热管内,换热器内的烟气向下通向烟气除尘净化装置30,在除尘净化装置内除尘净化后的烟气被引风机28引进烟气回收室29;另一部分空气在换热器的换热管外侧换热;在导热板20与炉体17之间被炉温加热的空气和在换热器16换热的空气在热风炉出口5处混合通过管道送入干燥塔热风入口10,热风入口上侧的通风管道内为热风。烟气回收室29内的烟气通过带风量调节杆27的回流烟道进入炉排下侧(如图3箭头所示),为进入炉排的冷煤进行预热,从而使燃煤充分燃烧,由于各工段上两层角状气槽的进气端分别在干燥塔两侧并与通风管道连接,所以这两层进气方向相向,且是由干燥塔的一侧向另一侧,进入的气体从角状气槽下侧开口向粮食层扩散,其干燥效果好、风压低,最下层角状气槽贯穿干燥塔侧壁,所以排潮时仅靠内部风压和自然风作为动力。经干燥后的粮食在干燥塔下部冷风入口11处被降温冷却,冷却后被四叶轮机构排粮装置排出干燥塔,完成整个干燥操作过程。另外附图中的4为热风炉烟囱,8为干燥塔底座,31为平衡阀,通过平衡阀控制烟气的排放量,即炉内烟气量和燃烧耗氧的空气比例以不影响燃煤正常燃烧为标准,尽可能少排放烟气,多回收利用。综上所述实现了本实用新型的目的。When working, the grain enters the
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101755903B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2012-07-04 | 开原市凯尔有限公司 | Energy-efficient grain dryer |
CN104273217A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 枝江市鹏达机械有限责任公司 | Series heating type counter flow grain dryer |
CN105053186A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-18 | 无锡市海昌机械设备有限公司 | Novel grain drying machine |
CN105076386A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 无锡市海昌机械设备有限公司 | Continuous type small-size grain dryer |
CN105211281A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-01-06 | 无锡市海昌机械设备有限公司 | A kind of a whole set of grain drying device |
CN105724566A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽新生力生物科技有限公司 | Grain drying unit |
CN108357952A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-03 | 合肥冠鸿光电科技有限公司 | A kind of dry type automatic feeding |
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2010
- 2010-02-09 CN CN2010201104170U patent/CN201630195U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101755903B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2012-07-04 | 开原市凯尔有限公司 | Energy-efficient grain dryer |
CN104273217A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 枝江市鹏达机械有限责任公司 | Series heating type counter flow grain dryer |
CN105053186A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-18 | 无锡市海昌机械设备有限公司 | Novel grain drying machine |
CN105076386A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 无锡市海昌机械设备有限公司 | Continuous type small-size grain dryer |
CN105211281A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-01-06 | 无锡市海昌机械设备有限公司 | A kind of a whole set of grain drying device |
CN105724566A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽新生力生物科技有限公司 | Grain drying unit |
CN108357952A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-03 | 合肥冠鸿光电科技有限公司 | A kind of dry type automatic feeding |
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