CN201630195U - Energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer, including a drying tower, a feeding device, a hot blast stove, a cooling fan, an angular air tank, and a grain discharge device. The technical points are: at least three layers of angular air tanks are evenly distributed in each section of the drying tower , the lowermost angular air groove runs through the side wall of the drying tower, the lowermost angular air groove is perpendicular to the upper angular air groove, and the air inlet ends of the upper two adjacent layers of angular air groove are at the two sides of the drying tower The side of the ventilation duct is connected to the ventilation duct, the hot air inlet of the ventilation duct is connected to the hot blast stove, and the cold air inlet is connected to the cold fan; the lower part of the heat exchanger in the hot blast stove is equipped with a flue gas dust removal and purification device, and the flue gas dust removal and purification device is connected to the flue gas recovery chamber Connected, a heat insulation wall is installed in the furnace body near the furnace door on the upper side of the grate. The blast inlet in the body is connected. The utility model has the advantages of high drying efficiency, high quality, small volume, environmental protection, energy saving and the like.

Description

Energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of grain drying equipment, in particular to an energy-saving and high-efficiency grain drying machine.

Background technique

There are mainly two types of drying towers in the existing grain drying equipment: 1. Angular air groove type drying tower, grain accumulates and falls from the gap between adjacent air grooves, hot (cold) air flows in from the air grooves, Enter the grain layer from the lower opening of the air tank to complete the heating (cooling) of the grain and remove the water. The air tanks here are evenly distributed in the drying tower. When the tower body is composed of two layers of inner and outer layers, the air inlet is set inside and outside. In the interlayer, a windshield is set at the opposite grain layer in the middle of the interlayer. The purpose of the windshield is to guide the gas flowing out of the lower air groove layer to the upper air groove layer, and the gas flow between the air groove layers is from bottom to top like a snake. This structure causes the temperature of the hot air to gradually decrease from bottom to top, and the drying effect is inevitably uneven; when the tower body is a single-layer structure, a hot air pipe is installed in the center of the drying tower, and the hot air pipe is ventilated to each layer of the air tank. The hot air diffuses from the center of the tower to the two sides of the tower. Although this structure makes the temperature of the grain in the tower more even, the wind pressure is relatively high. 2. Sieve column drying tower, the tower body is formed by two layers of screens inside and outside, the grain is accumulated and falls in the interlayer, and the hot (cold) air flow is discharged from the tower through the inner screen through the grain layer and through the outer screen to complete The heating (cooling) of food removes water, and this structure is generally relatively large, and consumable material is more, and production cost is high.

However, the flue gas produced by the hot blast stove in the existing grain drying equipment is generally not fully utilized, resulting in waste of heat energy and pollution to the environment. Even if the flue gas is recycled, it is only transported to the drying tower to supplement the dry grain. need. For the use of grain drying equipment in the cold winter of Northeast my country, the external temperature is low and the air humidity is generally 30-40%. Due to the traditional structure of grain drying equipment, the temperature of the hot air entering the tower is simply raised, and the hot air with high humidity takes a long time to dry grain. The coal consumption is large, and at the same time, when the cold coal enters the grate, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is large, and the maintenance of the furnace temperature naturally consumes more energy.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an energy-saving and high-efficiency grain dryer with a new-style angular air groove type drying tower and a hot blast stove that fully recycles flue gas.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in this way: it includes a drying tower composed of a grain storage section, a drying section, a slowing section and a cooling section, a drying tower feeding device, a hot blast stove, a cooling fan, and a drying tower uniformly distributed There are angular air grooves arranged in layers and grain discharge device at the bottom of the drying tower. On the side wall of the tower, the angular air grooves on the lowermost layer in each section are perpendicular to the upper angular air grooves. Both sides of the drying tower are connected with ventilation ducts, the hot air inlet of the ventilation duct is connected with the hot blast stove, and the cold wind inlet is connected with the cold air blower; the hot blast stove includes a furnace body, a grate, a coal inlet door, a coal inlet hopper, Ash door, heat exchanger, hot air blower, the lower part of the heat exchanger is equipped with a flue gas dust removal and purification device, the flue gas dust removal and purification device is connected with the flue gas recovery room, and a heat insulation wall is installed in the furnace body near the furnace door on the upper side of the grate , the heat insulation wall is also connected with a heat conduction plate, and a return flue with an air volume adjustment rod is arranged between the bottom of the flue gas grate and the flue gas recovery chamber, and the grate is connected with the blast inlet arranged in the furnace body.

The feeding device includes a conveyor, a primary hoist, a primary cleaning screen and a secondary hoist, the feeding end of the conveyor is connected to the feeding port of the primary hoisting machine, and the feeding port of the primary hoisting machine is connected to the feeding port of the primary cleaning screen. Connection, the discharge port of the primary cleaning screen is connected with the feed port of the secondary elevator.

The grain discharge device is a four-blade mechanism displacement device.

The heat conducting plate is a metal plate or a heat conducting brick.

Guide plates are evenly distributed on the heat conduction plate and the upper furnace body on the heat conduction plate.

A temperature sensor is arranged in the hot blast stove close to the heat exchanger.

An ash discharge guide plate is also arranged on the lower side of the fire grate.

An air preheating chamber is also arranged between the blast inlet and the fire grate.

The angular air groove at the bottom of each section of the utility model is the moisture-removal layer. Since the angular air groove runs through the side wall of the drying tower, the internal wind pressure and natural wind are used as power for moisture removal, and no power mechanism is needed to drive each section. The upper side of the lowermost angular air groove in the innermost layer is adjacent to the air inlet ends of the two layers of angular air grooves on both sides of the drying tower and connected with the ventilation pipes, so that the uppermost angular air grooves in each section are adjacent to each other. The air intake directions of the two layers of angular air grooves are opposite to each other, and from one side of the drying tower to the other. The hot and dry air in the tower is composed of the hot air exchanged by the heat exchanger and the air heated between the heat conduction plate and the furnace body. The humidity of the hot and dry air can reach 5-10% by making full use of energy; Recycling greatly reduces the smoke exhaust volume of the whole set of equipment, which is about 30% to 50% of the normal smoke exhaust volume, which is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, the waste heat of the flue gas saves the consumption of coal, compared with traditional drying methods Save coal by 50% ± 5%. The production cost is reduced; the flue gas also preheats the cold coal that has just entered the grate during the recycling process, which can fully burn the coal in the grate and improve the efficiency of the hot blast stove. The volume of the drying tower of the utility model is only 60% of that of the traditional drying tower, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost. The utility model also has the advantages of small occupied area, simple operation, high drying efficiency and high quality of grain.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional enlarged schematic diagram of the hot blast stove in Fig. 1 .

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by examples, but the following examples are only examples of the utility model, and do not represent the limited scope of rights of the utility model, the scope of the utility model The claims shall prevail.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-3, the main structure of the utility model includes a drying tower 1 composed of a grain storage section, a drying section, a slowing section, and a cooling section, and a drying tower feeding device, which includes a conveyor 12. The primary elevator 13, the primary cleaning screen 14 and the secondary elevator 15, the feeding end of the conveyor 12 is connected to the feeding port of the primary elevator 13, and the feeding port of the primary elevator 13 is connected to the feeding port of the primary cleaning screen 14 , the feeding opening of the initial cleaning screen 14 is connected with the secondary hoist 15 feeding openings, the secondary hoisting machine 15 feeding openings are connected with the drying tower 1 top feeding opening, the hot blast stove 6, the air cooler 3, the bottom of the drying tower Grain discharge device with four-impeller mechanism. There are layered angular air grooves evenly distributed in the drying tower. Three layers of angular air grooves are evenly distributed in each section of the drying tower, and the bottommost angular air groove 2 in each section runs through On the side wall of the drying tower, the lowermost angular air tank 2 in each section is perpendicular to the upper angular air tank 2a, 2b, and the upper side of the lowermost angular air tank in each section is adjacent to two layers of angular air tanks 2a , 2b are connected to the ventilation duct 9 at both sides of the drying tower respectively, the hot blast inlet 10 of the ventilation duct is connected with the hot blast stove 6, and the cold blast inlet 11 is connected with the air cooler 3; the hot blast stove includes a furnace body 17, a stove Row 21, coal inlet door 24, coal inlet hopper 23, ash outlet door 25, heat exchanger 16, hot air blower 7, the lower part of heat exchanger 16 is equipped with a flue gas dust removal and purification device 30, the flue gas dust removal and purification device and flue gas recovery The chamber 29 is connected, and a return flue with an air volume adjusting rod 27 is arranged between the bottom of the flue gas grate and the flue gas recovery chamber 29, and the air volume adjusting rod can timely adjust the flue gas air volume according to actual needs. The lower side of the fire grate is also connected with the air preheating chamber 33, and the air preheating chamber 33 communicates with the blast inlet 32 arranged in the furnace body. In order to increase the air temperature to 500°C and reduce the air humidity, a heat insulation wall 22 is installed in the furnace body near the furnace door on the upper side of the grate, and the heat insulation wall is also connected with a heat conduction plate 20. The furnace temperature is heated between the plate and the body of furnace. In order to make this part of air heating fully, guide plates 19 are evenly distributed on the heat conducting plate and the side furnace body on the heat conducting plate, so that the flow velocity of the air is slowed down. In order to facilitate the monitoring of furnace temperature, a temperature sensor 18 is arranged in the hot blast stove close to the heat exchanger. Also be provided with ash outlet guide plate 26 at fire grate lower side, this ash outlet guide plate is higher than the near end of ash outlet door with respect to the far end of ash outlet door, very convenient when cleaning coal ash.

When working, the grain enters the drying tower 1 through the conveyor 12, the primary elevator 13, the primary cleaning screen 14 and the secondary elevator 15. The coal hopper 23 falls onto the grate, enters the furnace body of the hot blast stove through the coal inlet door 24, the air enters from the blast inlet 32, and is first preheated through the air preheating chamber 33, and a part of the air is sent into the lower side of the grate for coal combustion Oxygen is required when burning coal, and the flue gas produced by burning coal enters the heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger 16, and the flue gas in the heat exchanger leads downward to the flue gas dust removal and purification device 30, and the flue gas after dust removal and purification in the dust removal and purification device Introduced by the induced draft fan 28 into the flue gas recovery chamber 29; another part of the air exchanges heat outside the heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger; the air heated by the furnace temperature between the heat conducting plate 20 and the furnace body 17 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 16 The air mixed at the hot blast furnace outlet 5 is sent into the hot blast inlet 10 of the drying tower through the pipeline, and the ventilation duct on the upper side of the hot blast inlet is hot blast. The flue gas in the flue gas recovery chamber 29 enters the lower side of the grate through the return flue with the air volume regulating rod 27 (as shown by the arrow in Fig. 3), and preheats the cold coal entering the grate, so that the coal can be fully burned , since the inlet ends of the two layers of angular air grooves on each section are respectively on both sides of the drying tower and connected with the ventilation pipes, the direction of the two layers of air inlets is opposite, and from one side of the drying tower to the other side, enter The gas diffuses from the lower opening of the horn-shaped air groove to the grain layer. It has good drying effect and low wind pressure. The lowermost layer of the horn-shaped air groove runs through the side wall of the drying tower, so the internal wind pressure and natural wind are used as the driving force for moisture removal. The dried grain is cooled at the cold air inlet 11 at the lower part of the drying tower, and then discharged out of the drying tower by the four-blade mechanism grain discharge device to complete the entire drying process. In addition, 4 in the accompanying drawings is the chimney of the hot blast stove, 8 is the base of the drying tower, and 31 is a balance valve, through which the discharge of flue gas is controlled, that is, the ratio of flue gas in the furnace to the air consumption of combustion oxygen will not affect coal combustion. Normal combustion is the standard, with as little smoke emission as possible and more recycling. In sum, the purpose of the utility model has been achieved.

Claims (8)

1. energy-efficient grain dryer, it includes by grain storage section, the oven dry section, delay section, the drying tower that cooling section is formed, the drying tower feed arrangement, hot-blast stove, air-cooler, be evenly equipped with the horn shape air drain that layering is provided with in the drying tower, drying tower bottom delivery device, it is characterized in that: uniformly at least in each workshop section of drying tower be provided with three layers of horn shape air drain, wherein undermost horn shape air drain runs through the drying tower sidewall in each workshop section, undermost horn shape air drain is vertical with the horn shape air drain of its upside in each workshop section, the inlet end of undermost horn shape air drain upside adjacent two layers horn shape air drain is connected in the drying tower both sides and with ventilation shaft respectively in each workshop section, and the hot-wind inlet of this ventilation shaft is connected with hot-blast stove, cold air inlet links to each other with air-cooler; Described hot-blast stove includes body of heater, fire grate, coal inlet, coal feeding bucket, ashpit, heat exchanger, air-heater, the heat exchanger bottom is provided with flue-gas dust removal and purification device, flue-gas dust removal and purification device reclaims the chamber with flue gas and is communicated with, be provided with insulated wall at the fire grate upside near in the body of heater of fire door, insulated wall also is connected with heat-conducting plate, reclaim the backflow flue that is provided with band air quantity adjusting rod between the chamber in flue gas fire grate bottom and flue gas, the fire grate blast entrance interior with being arranged on body of heater is communicated with.

2. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described feed arrangement comprises elementary elevator, receiving sieve and two-stage hoisting machine, conveyer blanking end is connected with elementary elevator charging aperture, elementary elevator feed opening is connected with the receiving sieve charging aperture, and the feed opening of receiving sieve is connected with the two-stage hoisting machine inlet capable.

3. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described delivery device is four impeller mechanism displacement devices.

4. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heat-conducting plate is metallic plate or heat conduction brick.

5. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be evenly equipped with guide plate on heat-conducting plate and heat-conducting plate upper furnace.

6. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with temperature sensor near in the hot-blast stove of heat exchanger.

7. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with the ash discharge guide plate at the fire grate downside.

8. energy-efficient grain dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with air preheating chamber between described blast entrance and the fire grate.

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