RU31897U1 - Plasma torch for spraying metals and oxides - Google Patents

Description

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Plasma torch for spraying metals and oxides

The proposed plasma torch belongs to the field of plasma technology and is used for coating of powder materials.

A plasma torch for applying powder materials is known, which contains a coaxially mounted cathode and anode anode with a transverse nozzle cooling system (MS Polyak. Hardening technology. Technological. Hardening methods. In 2 vol. T.1. - M .: “L. V.M. - SCRIPT, "MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 1995.-p. 157).

The disadvantage of this plasma torch is the low cooling efficiency of the nozzle, which reduces its service life, and a significant amount of expensive copper is required for the manufacture of the nozzle anode.

The closest in technical essence is a plasma torch for spraying powder materials, containing a housing, cathode and anode nodes, an insulator, a single-circuit cooling system, water and gas lines, made inside the housing (Kudinov V.V., Bobrov G.V. Theory, technology and equipment. Textbook for universities. - M.: Metallurgy, 1992. - S. 262).

The disadvantage of a plasma torch is its low life, due to the rapid wear of the anode nozzle and cathode.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the life of the burner and reduce the consumption of materials in the manufacture of rapidly wearing elements.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the plasma torch for deposition of metals and oxides, comprising a housing, cathode and anode nodes, an insulator, a cooling system and a cuff, the cuff being installed in the housing, and

;: MPK n 05 n i / 26, 23 k / s

the cooling system is double-circuit, the cross section of the primary circuit (cooling the anode) is 0, 6 from the cross section of the water inlet fitting, and the ratio between the minimum sections of the first and second circuit (cathode cooling) is 5.

Figure 1 provides the design of the inventive plasma torch.

The inventive plasma torch consists of three main nodes: cathode, anode and insulator.

The anode assembly consists of a housing 1 in which a nozzle-anode 2 is installed and a fitting 3 is rigidly fixed in the lower part for connection with the first cable-hose.

The cathode assembly consists of a cathode holder 4, in which a cathode 5 is mounted and a fitting 6 is rigidly fixed in the lower part for connection with a second cable-hose.

Between the anode and cathode assembly, an insulator 7. is installed in which there are openings 8, 9 for the flow of coolant from the anode to the cathode assembly.

The sealing of the anode nozzle is made in the inlet part of a rigid, for example, lead, gasket 10, and in the outlet, using elastic, for example, rubber, cuff 11 installed in the housing 1.

In addition, the inventive plasma torch has a dual-circuit cooling system, consisting of a fitting 3, line 12, line 13, overflow 9 and outlet fitting 6.

It consists in the fact that the bulk of the water supplied to the 1st circuit through the nozzle 3 passes across the anode nozzle in the hottest area (at the site of the arc landing), then goes along the nozzle through line 12, then across the anode nozzle through line 13, overflow 9 to outlet fitting 6. - The middle cooling fin has a bevel in the upper part and a larger diameter compared to other ribs (its diameter is the diameter of the casing), which eliminates the direct flow of water from line 3 to line 13.

The cathode cooling system (second circuit) consists of channel 14, overflow 8, line 15 and output fitting 6.

The plasma torch operates as follows. Due to the installation of the sealing cuff 11 in the housing, and not on the anode nozzle, the geometric dimensions of the nozzle are reduced, and, consequently, its mass, it is possible to obtain the optimal cross section between the housing and the anode nozzle for the passage of coolant without the use of special inserts. This section is selected within 0.5 - 0.6 from the section of the nozzle 3 supplying water (liquid) to increase the flow rate of the cooling liquid, which is different from other types of plasma torches. For larger than the specified limits, the flow rate of the cooling fluid decreases, and for lower values, the flow resistance increases, which reduces the amount of coolant flowing through the plasmatron.

The ratio between the minimum cooling cross sections of the anode and cathode is selected within 2 2.5. At a limit greater than indicated, the amount of liquid cooling its cathode decreases, which causes its overheating and increases erosion. With a lower value, the amount of liquid cooling the anode decreases and, as a result, its increased wear.

The sprayed powder is introduced through the hole 16 into the nozzle channel from two sides in the immediate vicinity of the anode spot, which increases the efficiency of heating the powder.

The presence of fins on the anode nozzle increases the cooling efficiency.

-5The use of the inventive plasma torch will increase its service life, reduce the consumption of materials in the manufacture of rapidly wearing elements, increase productivity in general.

 Formula

Claims (1)

A plasma torch for spraying metals and oxides, comprising a housing, a cooling system, a cathode and anode assemblies, an insulator, a cuff, characterized in that the cooling system is double-circuit, and the cross-section of the primary circuit is 0.5 ÷ 0.6 from the section of the water inlet fitting, and the ratio between the minimum sections of the first and second circuit is 2 ÷ 2.5, the cuff is installed in the housing.