CN112235929B

CN112235929B - Plasma generator

Info

Publication number: CN112235929B
Application number: CN202011142787.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹修全; 徐浩铭; 马耀明; 赵明波; 何润东
Original assignee: Sichuan University of Science and Engineering
Current assignee: Sichuan University of Science and Engineering
Priority date: 2020-10-22
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2022-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-22
Also published as: CN112235929A

Abstract

The invention provides a plasma generator, and belongs to the field of plasma equipment. The plasma generator comprises a cathode assembly, an anode assembly and an air inlet assembly. The cathode assembly comprises a cathode internal water pipe, a cathode external water pipe and a cathode head, wherein the cathode internal water pipe and the cathode external water pipe can form a cathode cooling loop so as to effectively cool the cathode head; the positive pole subassembly includes positive pole outside water pipe, the inside water pipe of positive pole and positive pole head, and the outside water pipe of positive pole and the inside water pipe of positive pole can form positive pole cooling circuit to can carry out effective cooling to the positive pole head. Because positive pole head and negative pole head all adopt recirculated cooling water to cool off, consequently, whole plasma generator's temperature can be effectively controlled, and then can improve the life of positive pole head and negative pole head.

Description

Plasma generator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plasmas, in particular to a plasma generator.

Background

Compared with high-temperature heat sources such as laser and electron beams, the arc plasma generator has low requirements on the use environment, low operation and maintenance cost and no dependence on a processed object, and the generated thermal plasma jet has high temperature (the highest temperature is over 10000 ℃), so that the arc plasma generator is a cheap and easily-obtained high-temperature heat source. Based on the excellent characteristics of the arc plasma generator, the generated arc plasma jet is widely applied to the fields of spraying, metallurgy, hazardous waste treatment and the like. Accordingly, various types of arc plasma generator configurations have been developed. However, because of the greater current density at the root of the arc, the heat generated accelerates the ablation rate of the electrode. Therefore, it is important to provide a plasma generator capable of effectively cooling the cathode tap and the anode tap.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a plasma generator which can effectively cool an anode head and a cathode head.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a plasma generator, comprising:

the cathode assembly comprises a cathode inner water pipe, a cathode outer water pipe and a cathode head; the cathode external water pipe is sleeved on the cathode internal water pipe, and the cathode external water pipe and the cathode internal water pipe are arranged at intervals to form a cathode water flow channel; one end of the cathode internal water pipe is closed, and the other end of the cathode internal water pipe is provided with a water outlet; one end of the cathode external water pipe is closed, and the other end of the cathode external water pipe is provided with the cathode head; the cathode head is arranged opposite to the water outlet;

the air inlet assembly comprises a conductive water cooling sleeve, the conductive water cooling sleeve is sleeved on the anode external water pipe and extends to the cathode head, and the conductive water cooling sleeve and the anode external water pipe are arranged at intervals to form an air flow channel;

the anode assembly comprises an anode external water pipe, an anode internal water pipe and an anode head; the anode external water pipe is sleeved on the anode internal water pipe, and the anode external water pipe and the anode internal water pipe are arranged at intervals to form an outer water flow channel; the water pipe inside the anode is sleeved on the conductive water cooling sleeve; an inner-layer water flow channel is formed between the anode internal water pipe and the conductive water cooling jacket and is communicated with the inner-layer water flow channel;

one end of the anode internal water pipe is hermetically connected with the gas conveying pipe, and the other end of the anode internal water pipe is provided with the anode head; the anode head and the cathode head are oppositely arranged;

the anode assembly and the cathode assembly are arranged in an insulating mode.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

the gas inlet assembly further comprises a gas conveying pipe and an end inner pipe, the gas conveying pipe is sleeved on the cathode external water pipe, and the conductive water cooling sleeve is sleeved on the gas conveying pipe; the outer wall of the gas conveying pipe is matched with the inner wall of the conductive water cooling jacket, and the inner wall of the gas conveying pipe is matched with the outer wall of the cathode external water pipe; the length of the gas conveying pipe is smaller than that of the conductive water cooling jacket, and one end of the end inner pipe is abutted to the end of the gas conveying pipe;

the gas conveying pipe is provided with a plurality of gas flow channels; the gas flow channel extends along the length direction of the gas conveying pipe;

the cathode assembly also comprises a cathode gas guide ring, and the cathode gas guide ring is detachably connected with the end part of the cathode external water pipe and is used for fixing a cathode head on the cathode external water pipe; the cathode gas guide ring is arranged in the end inner tube;

the outer wall of the cathode gas guide ring is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves, and the outer circumferential surface of the cathode gas guide ring is matched with the inner wall of the end inner tube; the gas of the gas flow channel can reach the cathode head through the spiral groove;

the gas delivery pipe is kept away from be provided with the annular groove on the one end inner wall of negative pole head, the intake pipe with the annular groove intercommunication, the annular groove with a plurality of airflow channel intercommunication.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

the gas conveying pipe comprises at least two pipe bodies, and gas buffer spaces are formed at the end parts of the adjacent pipe bodies;

the airflow channel is a groove arranged on the inner wall of the pipe body, and the cross section of the groove is semicircular.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

the cathode structure also comprises a middle electrode assembly, wherein the middle electrode assembly is arranged between the anode head and the cathode head and comprises a plurality of middle electrode heads, the middle electrode heads are of cylindrical structures, and through holes are axially formed in the middle electrode heads; the plurality of intermediate electrode tips are coaxially arranged at intervals.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

the middle electrode assembly further comprises a middle-stage insulating sleeve, the middle-stage insulating sleeve comprises an insulating sleeve body, an end part arc-shaped plate and a middle part arc-shaped plate, a first plane and a second plane are arranged on the insulating sleeve body, and the first plane and the second plane extend along the axis of the insulating sleeve body and are arranged in parallel; the end part of the first plane is provided with an end part arc-shaped plate, and the middle part of the second plane is provided with a middle part arc-shaped plate;

the diameters of the end arc-shaped plate and the middle arc-shaped plate are equal to the diameter of the insulating sleeve body; two strip-shaped holes are respectively formed in the first plane and the second plane; the two strip-shaped holes extend along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve body and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve body;

the middle-stage insulating sleeve is arranged in the anode internal water pipe, and the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve body is equal to the inner diameter of the anode internal water pipe; the edges of the end arc-shaped plate and the middle arc-shaped plate are in contact fit with the inner wall of the anode internal water pipe;

the middle electrode is arranged in the insulating sleeve body, a middle electrode water tank is arranged on the circumferential surface of the middle electrode head, and an anode water tank is arranged on the circumferential surface of the anode head;

the end part of the anode external water pipe is also provided with an end part pipe, the end part pipe is coaxially connected with the anode external water pipe, and the inner diameter of the end part pipe is smaller than that of the anode external water pipe; the end part of the inner water pipe is abutted against the end part of the end pipe, so that the outer water flow channel is blocked; the end part of the anode internal water pipe is also provided with a water passing groove, and the middle arc-shaped plate is matched with one side of the water passing groove far away from the anode head;

after the cooling water enters into the inside water pipe of positive pole, can flow between second plane and the inside water pipe inner wall of positive pole, and enter into the middle electrode basin through the bar hole of keeping away from the positive pole head on the second plane, then flow between first plane and the inside water pipe inner wall of positive pole through the bar hole of keeping away from the positive pole head on the first plane, and then enter into the positive pole basin through the bar hole that is close to the positive pole head on the first plane, the bar hole and the water passing tank that are close to the positive pole head on the rethread second plane enter into outer rivers passageway.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

the anode assembly further comprises a conductive nut, one end of the conductive nut is provided with a limiting plate, a through hole is formed in the limiting plate, and the conductive nut is sleeved on the end pipe and is connected with the anode head fixedly.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

an arc striking ring is further arranged between the middle electrode assembly and the cathode head, and an arc striking water tank is arranged on the circumferential surface of the arc striking ring; the arc striking ring is arranged in the insulating sleeve body.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

the anode assembly comprises an anode flange, the cathode assembly comprises a cathode flange, the anode flange is connected with the end part of the anode external water pipe, the cathode flange is connected with the end part of the cathode external water pipe, and the anode flange is connected with the cathode flange.

Further, the method comprises the following steps of;

an insulating flange is arranged between the anode flange and the cathode flange, and the end part in the gas conveying pipe is abutted to the insulating flange.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

when the plasma generator obtained through the design is used, cooling water is introduced into the water pipe inside the anode, the cooling water directly cools the cathode head after coming out of the water outlet at the end part and flows out of the water outlet on the water pipe outside the cathode through the cathode water flow channel, so that a cooling circulation loop is formed. Meanwhile, cooling water is introduced into the anode internal water pipe (or the anode external water pipe), and the cooling water directly cools the anode head after flowing out from the end part and then flows out through the outer layer cooling channel. Because anode head and cathode head all adopt recirculated cooling water to cool off, consequently, whole plasma generator's temperature can be effectively controlled, and then can improve anode head and cathode head's life. In addition, the length of the generator can be designed according to specific working conditions; that is, for a relatively long and narrow channel, the length of the anode assembly or the cathode assembly can be increased to make the generator longer in overall length, so as to facilitate the generator to extend into the long and narrow channel (for example, when the plasma is ignited to ignite the pulverized coal, the generator needs to extend into the channel ten meters long).

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a plasma generator at a first angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a plasma generator at a second angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of a plasma generator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the anode assembly of FIG. 5 with the anode assembly removed, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic partial structure diagram of fig. 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 100-a plasma generator; 110-a cathode assembly; 111-cathode internal water tube; 112-cathode external water tube; 113-cathode head; 114-cathode gas ring; 115-cathode flange; 116-cathode water source tube; 120-an air intake assembly; 121-conductive water cooling jacket; 122-gas delivery pipe; 123-end inner tube; 124-gas flow channel; 125-gas source tube; 130-an anode assembly; 131-anode external water pipe; 132-anode internal water tube; 133-anode head; 134-a conductive nut; 135-anode flange; 136-anode water source tube; 137-end tube; 140-an intermediate electrode assembly; 141-middle stage insulation sleeve; 142-an insulating sleeve body; 1421 — first plane; 1422 — second plane; 143-end arc plate; 144-a middle arc; 145-intermediate electrode head; 150-insulating flange.

Detailed Description

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

It is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, as the term is used in the generic and descriptive sense, and not for purposes of limitation, unless otherwise specified or implied, and the specific reference to a device or element is intended to be a reference to a particular element, structure, or component. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature may be present on or under the second feature in direct contact with the first and second feature, or may be present in the first and second feature not in direct contact but in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature may be over, above or on the second feature including the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being below, beneath or beneath a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a plasma generator 100, which includes a cathode assembly 110, an anode assembly 130 and a gas inlet assembly 120. The cathode assembly 110 includes a cathode inner water tube 111, a cathode outer water tube 112 and a cathode header 113, wherein the cathode inner water tube 111 and the cathode outer water tube 112 can form a cathode cooling loop, so as to effectively cool the cathode header 113; the anode assembly 130 includes an anode external water pipe 131, an anode internal water pipe 132, and an anode head 133, and the anode external water pipe 131 and the anode internal water pipe 132 can form an anode cooling loop, thereby being capable of effectively cooling the anode head 133.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4-6, the cathode assembly 110 includes a cathode inner water tube 111, a cathode outer water tube 112, a cathode head 113, and a cathode flange 115; the cathode internal water pipe 111 includes a hollow pipe and a circular plate disposed at one end of the hollow pipe, the cathode flange 115 has bolt holes at its edge and mounting holes at its middle, and the circular plate is mounted in the mounting holes. The inner diameter of the cathode external water pipe 112 is larger than the outer diameter of the cathode internal water pipe 111, one end of the cathode external water pipe 112 is abutted against the inner surface of the circular plate and sleeved on the cathode internal water pipe 111, so that a cathode water flow channel is formed; the cathode tap 113 is detachably attached to the end of the cathode outer water tube 112.

Further, the length of the cathode outer water tube 112 is greater than that of the cathode inner water tube 111 such that a certain gap is formed between the cathode tabs 113 and the end of the cathode inner water tube 111. One end of the cathode internal water pipe 111 close to the circular plate is provided with a cathode water inlet hole which extends along the radial direction of the cathode internal water pipe 111; one end of the cathode outer water tube 112 near the circular plate is provided with a cathode water outlet, which extends radially along the cathode outer water tube 112. The cathode water inlet hole is connected with the cathode water inlet pipe, and the cathode water outlet hole is connected with the cathode water outlet pipe.

After entering the cathode internal water tube 111, the cooling water flows in a direction close to the cathode header 113, flows out from the end of the cathode internal water tube 111, and cools the cathode header 113; then flows towards the cathode water outlet on the cathode external water pipe 112 through the cathode water flow channel, and further flows out through the cathode water outlet.

Further, the cathode head 113 includes a cathode base and a tungsten rod, and the tungsten rod is installed in a blind hole on the cathode base. The cathode base is provided with a positioning ring which is abutted against the end part of the cathode external water pipe 112. In order to fix the cathode taps 113, the cathode assembly is further provided with a cathode gas ring 114; one end of the cathode gas ring 114 is provided with a positioning ring. The cathode air guide ring 114 is connected to the end part of the cathode external water pipe 112 in a threaded manner, and the positioning ring is abutted against the positioning ring on the cathode seat; thereby fixing the cathode holder.

The gas inlet assembly 120 is used for introducing gas to the position of the cathode head 113 so as to facilitate ionization, and comprises an electrically conductive water cooling jacket 121, a gas delivery pipe 122 and an end inner pipe 123. Wherein, the gas delivery pipe 122 and the end inner pipe 123 are coaxially connected end to end; the inner diameter of the gas feed pipe 122 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the cathode external water pipe 112, and the gas feed pipe is fitted over the cathode external water pipe 112. The inner diameter of the conductive water cooling jacket 121 is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the gas delivery pipe 122, and the conductive water cooling jacket is sleeved on the gas delivery pipe 122; in addition, the conductive water-cooling jacket 121 is made of metal.

Specifically, the gas delivery pipe 122 integrates gas guiding and insulation, and is sleeved on the cathode external water pipe 112, and the inner wall thereof is matched with the outer wall of the cathode external water pipe 112, and the outer wall thereof is matched with the inner wall of the conductive water cooling jacket. The gas delivery tube 122 includes two coaxially disposed tubes, with a gap left between adjacent ends of the two tubes. An annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the end portion of one pipe body, a plurality of air inlet through holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the annular groove, and the air inlet through holes are evenly distributed along the circumference. The tube body is provided with a plurality of gas flow channels 124 for delivering gas to the cathode head 113. The air flow channel 124 is a groove structure with a semicircular cross section formed on the inner wall of the tube. In order to facilitate the processing of the slender parts, the gas delivery pipe 122 is composed of two or more sections, each section length can be adjusted according to the requirement, three to twelve semicircular grooves are distributed on the inner surface, and the gas delivery pipe and the cathode external water pipe 112 form a gas inlet channel together. The plurality of air inlet channels are beneficial to uniform distribution of air, reduce channel flow resistance and further be beneficial to formation of plasma arcs. In addition, if the ends of the two tubes are directly abutted, the gas can be normally delivered only when the gas flow channel 124 is opposite; when the two tubes are offset by a certain angle, the air flow passage 124 may be blocked. Therefore, the gaps are formed at the adjacent end parts of the two sections of pipe bodies, and the assembling difficulty can be reduced.

One end of the gas delivery pipe 122 is provided with an insulating flange 150, and the other end is connected to the end inner pipe 123. An insulating flange 150 is fixedly coupled to the cathode flange 115 for isolating the cathode assembly 110 from the anode assembly 130.

The conductive water cooling jacket 121 comprises a sleeve and a conductive flange, one end of the sleeve is connected with the conductive flange, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with a limiting ring; the conductive flange is connected to the insulating flange 150. The sleeve is sleeved on the gas delivery pipe 122, so that the end part of the end part inner pipe 123 is abutted with the inner part of the limiting ring. An inner groove is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the conductive flange, a radial air inlet hole is formed in the bottom of the inner groove and penetrates through the conductive flange, and the conductive flange is connected with an air source pipe. After entering the inner groove through the radial air inlet holes, the air enters the annular groove through the air inlet through holes on the air conveying pipe 122 and is mixed in the annular groove.

Further, the cathode assembly further includes a cathode air guide ring 114; the cathode air guide ring 114 is detachably coupled to an end of the cathode outer water tube 112 for fixing the cathode tabs 113 to the cathode outer water tube 112. The cathode gas ring 114 is disposed in the end inner tube 123, and the outer diameter of the cathode gas ring 114 is equal to the inner diameter of the end inner tube 123. The outer wall of the cathode gas guide ring 114 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves, and the outer circumferential surface of the cathode gas guide ring 114 is matched with the inner wall of the end inner tube 123; the gas of the gas flow passage 124 can reach the cathode head 113 through the above-described spiral groove.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the air inlet assembly 120 are as follows:

after the gas is introduced to the radial gas inlet holes on the conductive flange by the gas source pipe, the gas enters the annular groove through the gas inlet through hole at the end part of the gas delivery pipe 122 to be mixed, and then the gas flow channel 124 of the gas delivery pipe 122 comes into the gap between the inner pipe 123 at the end part and the cathode external water pipe 112, and further reaches the cathode head 113 through the spiral groove. The cathode gas guide ring 114 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves, so that the inner tube forms a vortex at the cathode head 113 after gas comes out of the spiral grooves, and the plasma generation efficiency can be improved.

The anode assembly 130 includes an anode outer water pipe 131, an anode inner water pipe 132, and an anode head 133; the anode external water pipe 131 is sleeved on the anode internal water pipe 132, and the anode external water pipe 131 and the anode internal water pipe 132 are arranged at intervals to form an outer water flow channel. The anode internal water pipe 132 is sleeved on the conductive water cooling jacket 121; an inner water flow channel is formed between the anode internal water pipe 132 and the conductive water cooling jacket 121, and the outer water flow channel is communicated with the inner water flow channel. One end of the anode internal water pipe 132 is hermetically connected with the gas delivery pipe 122, and the other end is provided with an anode head 133; the anode tap 133 is disposed opposite to the cathode tap 113.

Specifically, the anode external water pipe 131 is sleeved on the anode internal water pipe 132, and the anode internal water pipe 132 is sleeved on the conductive water cooling jacket 121; and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the anode external water pipe 131 and the outer wall of the anode internal water pipe 132 to form an external water flow channel, and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the anode internal water pipe 132 and the outer wall of the conductive water cooling jacket 121 to form an inner water flow channel.

One end of the anode external water pipe 131 and one end of the anode internal water pipe 132 are both connected with an anode flange 135, and the anode flange 135 is connected with a conductive flange of the conductive water cooling jacket 121. The anode inner water tube 132 has a smaller length than the anode inner water tube 132 such that the outer water flow passage communicates with the inner water flow passage. The anode head 133 is a cylindrical structure with a through hole in the middle, and is disposed at one end of the anode external water pipe 131 far from the anode flange 135.

Further, the plasma generator 100 further includes an intermediate electrode assembly 140, wherein the intermediate electrode assembly 140 is disposed between the anode tab 133 and the cathode tab 113; the electrode comprises a plurality of middle electrode tips, wherein the middle electrode tips are of cylindrical structures, and through holes are axially formed in the middle electrode tips; the plurality of intermediate electrode tips are coaxially spaced apart and insulated from each other.

Further, an arc starting ring is arranged between the middle electrode assembly 140 and the cathode head 113, and an arc starting water tank is arranged on the circumferential surface of the arc starting ring; the arc runner is disposed in the insulating sleeve body 142.

The middle electrode assembly 140 further includes a middle stage insulating sheath 141, and the middle stage insulating sheath 141 is fitted over the middle electrode head, the arc striking electrode, and the anode head 133 and is positioned in the anode inner water pipe 132. The middle insulating sleeve comprises an insulating sleeve body 142, an end arc-shaped plate 143 and a middle arc-shaped plate 144; the insulating sheath body 142 has a cylindrical structure, and is provided with a first plane 1421 and a second plane 1422, where the first plane 1421 and the second plane 1422 both extend along the axis of the insulating sheath body 142 and are arranged in parallel. The end of the first plane 1421 is provided with an end arc 143, and the middle of the second plane 1422 is provided with a middle arc 144; the diameters of the end arc-shaped plate 143 and the middle arc-shaped plate 144 are equal to the diameter of the insulating sleeve body 142, and the centers of the circle of the end arc-shaped plate 143 and the middle arc-shaped plate 144 are located on the axis of the insulating sleeve body 142. The end arcuate plates 143 and the middle arcuate plate 144 correspond to a circular cylinder cut to remove a portion of the material along a plane parallel to the axis.

Two strip-shaped holes are respectively arranged on the first plane 1421 and the second plane 1422; the two strip-shaped holes extend along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve body 142 and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve body 142.

The middle-stage insulating sleeve 141 is arranged in the anode internal water pipe 132, and the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve body 142 is equal to the inner diameter of the anode internal water pipe 132; the edges of the end arc plates 143 and the middle arc plate 144 are in contact engagement with the inner wall of the anode inner water tube 132.

The intermediate electrode is disposed in the insulating sheath body 142, the intermediate electrode water tank is disposed on the circumferential surface of the intermediate electrode head, and the anode water tank is disposed on the circumferential surface of the anode head 133.

The end part of the anode external water pipe 131 is also provided with an end part pipe 137 which is coaxially connected with the anode external water pipe 131, and the inner diameter of the end part pipe is smaller than that of the anode external water pipe 131; the end part of the inner water pipe is abutted with the inner end part of the end pipe, so that the outer water flow channel is blocked; the end of the anode internal water tube 132 is also provided with a water passing trough 1321, the middle arc plate 144 being fitted with a side of the water passing trough remote from the anode head 133. The design enables water in the outer water flow channel to flow out or in only through the water passing groove.

Referring to fig. 7 (arrows indicate the flow direction of the cooling water), after the cooling water enters the anode inner water pipe 132, since the edge of the end arc-shaped plate 143 is engaged with the inner wall of the anode inner water pipe 132, and the outer circumferential surface of the insulating sheath body 142 is engaged with the inner wall of the anode inner water pipe 132; so that the cooling water flows in a direction close to the anode head 133 through the gap between the second plane 1422 and the anode internal water pipe 132. Due to the obstruction of the middle arc plate 144, the cooling water enters the middle electrode water tank and the arc striking water tank through the strip-shaped holes on the second plane 1422 far from the anode head 133. Then, due to the blocking of the arc-shaped plate 143 at the upper end of the first plane 1421, the cooling water can only flow toward the direction close to the anode head 133, and enter the anode water tank through the strip-shaped hole on the first plane 1421 close to the anode head 133, and then enter the outer water flow channel through the strip-shaped hole on the second plane 1422 close to the anode head 133 and the water tank.

The design of the intermediate insulating sleeve 141 can force the cooling water to flow in the intermediate electrode water tank and the anode water tank, so that the intermediate electrode head and the anode head 133 can be sufficiently cooled; thereby improving the service life of the intermediate electrode and the anode head 133.

Further, the anode assembly 130 further includes a conductive nut 134, one end of the conductive nut 134 is provided with a limiting plate, a through hole is formed in the limiting plate, and the conductive nut 134 is sleeved on the end pipe and fixes the anode head 133.

In addition, the specific lengths of the anode assembly 130, the air inlet assembly 120 and the cathode assembly 110 can be designed according to actual working conditions; moreover, the change of the specific length does not influence the generation of the electric arc and the normal work of the plasma generator; therefore, the utility model provides a plasma generator can adapt to the passageway of the different degree of depth, and its range of application is wider.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma generator, comprising:

the air inlet assembly comprises a conductive water cooling sleeve, and the conductive water cooling sleeve is sleeved on the cathode external water pipe and extends to the cathode head;

the anode assembly comprises an anode external water pipe, an anode internal water pipe and an anode head; the anode external water pipe is sleeved on the anode internal water pipe, and the anode external water pipe and the anode internal water pipe are arranged at intervals to form an outer water flow channel; the water pipe inside the anode is sleeved on the conductive water cooling sleeve; an inner-layer water flow channel is formed between the anode internal water pipe and the conductive water cooling jacket and is communicated with the inner-layer water flow channel; the conductive water cooling jacket and the water pipe outside the anode are arranged at intervals to form an airflow channel;

one end of the anode internal water pipe is hermetically connected with one end of the anode external water pipe, and the other end of the anode internal water pipe is provided with the anode head; the anode head and the cathode head are oppositely arranged;

the anode assembly and the cathode assembly are arranged in an insulated mode;

2. The plasma generator of claim 1, wherein:

3. The plasma generator of claim 1, wherein:

the cathode head is arranged between the anode head and the cathode head, the cathode head comprises a plurality of cathode heads, the cathode heads are arranged on the cathode head, the cathode heads are arranged on the anode heads, the cathode heads are arranged on the cathode head, and the cathode head is provided with a plurality of cathode heads; the plurality of intermediate electrode tips are coaxially arranged at intervals.

4. The plasma generator of claim 3, wherein:

the end part of the anode external water pipe is also provided with an end part pipe, the end part pipe is coaxially connected with the anode external water pipe, and the inner diameter of the end part pipe is smaller than that of the anode external water pipe; the end part of the inner water pipe is abutted against the end part of the end pipe, so that the outer water flow channel is blocked; the end part of the water pipe in the anode is also provided with a water passing groove, and the middle arc-shaped plate is matched with one side of the water passing groove, which is far away from the anode head;

5. The plasma generator of claim 4, wherein:

the anode assembly further comprises a conductive nut, one end of the conductive nut is provided with a limiting plate, a through hole is formed in the limiting plate, and the conductive nut is sleeved on the end pipe and fixes the anode head.

6. The plasma generator of claim 4, wherein:

7. The plasma generator of claim 1, wherein:

8. The plasma generator of claim 7, wherein: