RU31380U1 - Installation for deep underground water treatment - Google Patents

Description

Installation for deep underground water treatment.

The utility model relates to devices intended for deep purification of underground water, in particular, for purification of natural water from iron, manganese and hardness salts and can be used with the liner to produce demineralized water for the preparation of battery electrolyte. In addition, the utility model can be used in any industry where distilled water is required.

The most common are general distillation distillers, consisting of an evaporation chamber in which electric heating elements are built-in, and a condenser cooled by the source water (Reference on properties, methods of analysis and water purification / L. Kulsky et al. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1980. - Part 1. - 680s.). The disadvantage of a rotary distiller is the high energy intensity of the process of thermal evaporation (0.7 kWh per 1 liter of distillate) and the high consumption of cooling water (7 liters per liter of distillate). In addition, industrial distillation apparatuses of single distillation do not allow to obtain water of the required quality. The electrical resistivity of water is rho 100140 kOhm-cm, while according to GOST 6709-72 ro distilled water should be at least 200 kOhm-cm.

A known installation for deep underground water purification, containing a series-connected aerator, a mechanical filter, a Na-cation exchange filter and an electrodialysis apparatus (Natent RU No. 2182890 Method for deep underground water purification). The disadvantage of the installation is that the degree of water purification in it is limited by the capabilities of the electrodialyzer, since with a decrease in the salt concentration in the electrodialyzer, water begins to decompose and the current efficiency drops sharply. The maximum electrical resistance of the water obtained by this method is 180 210 kOhm-cm, while a part of the energy is spent on heating the water, and the current efficiency is about 70%. This method is selected for the prototype.

Thus, the objective of the utility model is to develop a more reliable

installations for producing demineralized water that meets the requirements of f (ECT 670972 Distilled water. Technical conditions.

The technical result achieved in the utility model consists in increasing the depth of water purification without increasing energy consumption.

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cation exchange filter and electrodialysis apparatus.

In contrast to the prototype, an electroionite apparatus is connected to the output of the electrodialysis apparatus, the brine outlet of which is connected to the aerator tank.

In the future, the essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by a description of the installation block diagram depicted in the attached figure, and an example of a specific installation implementation.

The installation consists of a tank-aerator 1, into which source water enters through the upper pipe, and the lower pipe is connected to the inlet pipe of pump 2. The tank-aerator 1 is equipped with a float valve that protects it from overflow, and a dry-running sensor that turns off pump 2 when water level below the pump inlet. The inlet pipe of the pump 2 is also connected to the lower nozzle of the salt solvent 5. The outlet of the pump 2 is connected to the upper nozzle of the mechanical filter 3, the upper nipple of the Na-cation exchange filter 4, the upper nozzle of the salt solvent 5 and through the bypass pipe with the aerator tank 1. The lower nipple of the mechanical filter 3 is connected to the upper fitting of the Na-cation filter 4. The lower fitting of the Na-cation filter 4 is connected to the input of the electrodialyzer 6. The electrodialyzer 6 has two outlet fittings. The brine fitting is connected by a drain to the sewer, and the dilution nozzle is connected to the inlet of the electroionite apparatus 7. The electroionite apparatus 7 also has two outlet nozzles. The brine nozzle is connected to the aerator tank 1, and the dilution nozzle is connected through a water quality control device 8 with a storage tank 9. Non-switching of technological operations and regulation of water flows is carried out with the help of ball valves and wedge gate valves.

Installation works as follows. The source water enters the aerator tank 1, where it is supplied with atmospheric oxygen. Fe ions present in water as soluble bicarbonate, Fe (HCO3) 2, are oxidized by oxygen to Fe and pass into insoluble hydroxide, Fe (OH) s. Next, the water is pumped 2 to the mechanical pressure filter 3, where it is freed from iron. Filtration direction from top to bottom. In the upper part of the filter 3 there is a plexiglass viewing window through which you can monitor the accumulation of iron hydroxide sediment at the upper boundary of the filter layer. With the accumulation of a layer of sediment with a thickness of 2-4 cm, it is washed off with intensive loosening of the filter load by the reverse flow of water, from bottom to top, for minutes. Iron-free water enters the Na-cation exchange filter 4 filled with KU-2 ion-exchange resin in the Na form. Filtration direction from top to bottom. When etrm

water is almost completely freed from hardness salts. The residual content of calcium is 0, .5 mg / l, magnesium less than 0.5 mg / l. The regeneration of cation exchanger is carried out with a 5-7% solution of sodium chloride, which is prepared in a salt dissolver 5. The solution is pumped to the top of the column 4. The direction of regeneration is from top to bottom. After regeneration, the cation exchange resin is washed with iron-free water and is ready for use again. Water purified from hardness salts and iron is supplied to electrodialyzer b, where it is divided into two streams: dilute and brine. The ratio of the flows of the diluent, Q o6ecc. and brine,. from Patent .№2182890 is (): 1. The demineralized water in the electrodialyzer enters the electroionite apparatus 7, where it is also divided into two streams: dilute and brine. The ratio of the flows of the diluent, Q oeecc., And brine,. determined experimentally and is 2: 1. The water desalted in the electroionic apparatus enters the storage tank 9. The brine from the electrodialmzator, which is a solution of sodium salts, mainly bicarbonate and chloride and is not toxic, is discharged into the sewer and returned from the electroionic apparatus to the aerator tank 1. At the outlet of the dilute from the electroionite apparatus 7, a water quality control device 8 is installed, which measures the electrical resistivity of water, rho. The electrical parameters of the electrodialyzer and the electroionite apparatus are selected so that the device 8 shows the required quantity, but not less than 200 kOhm-cm.

The proposed utility model of electrochemical demineralization of water is an effective installation for producing high-quality distilled water with minimal energy consumption.

As an example, consider an installation for treating underground water with a total hardness of 3.1 mol / m and an iron content (total) of 0.52 mg / l with a capacity of 50 l / h. The diameters of the mechanical and Na-cation exchange filters are 250 mm. The height of the filter load is 1200mm. The mechanical filter is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 0.7-1.2 mm, and the Na-cation exchange resin is 1SU-2 in the Na form. The electrodialyzer (EDA) is assembled from ten pairs of MK-40 and MA-40 membranes with labyrinth type gaskets. The ion-exchange apparatus is assembled from two desalination chambers filled with a mixture of KU-2-8hs and AB-17-8hs ionites in a ratio of 1: 1.5, and three concentration chambers.

The source water was supplied to the tank-aerator, where it was saturated with atmospheric oxygen. The tank-aerator is equipped with automation to maintain the water level. Then, with the pump SSH 2-20, water was supplied to the upper part of the mechanical filter, where it was released from sediment

iron hydroxide. Pumping speed through a mechanical filter 80-100l / h. The iron content after the mechanical filter is 0.15-0.2 mg / l. The frequency of washing the filter with reverse water flow depends on the iron content in the source water and is approximately once every 15-30 days. Iron-free water from the lower part of the mechanical filter was supplied to the upper part of the Na-cation exchange filter. The Ca and Mg ions, which determine the hardness of the water, are absorbed by the cation exchanger and softened water emerges from the bottom of the filter. The total water hardness after the ion exchange filter is 0.02 mol / m. Cation exchanger regeneration was carried out with a 5-7% sodium chloride solution. The frequency of regeneration depends on the hardness of the source water. The filter is equipped with a flow meter to know the amount of softened water, and after 5-7m, cation exchanger is regenerated. Iron-free and softened water entered the electrodialyzer. EDA is powered from a constant current source. Supply voltage 200-250V. The consumed current is 1.5-2A. The water flow rate was set so that 75 l / h was pumped through the desalination chambers, and 20 l / h through the concentration chambers. The demineralized water in the electrodialyzer entered the electroionite apparatus. ZIL is supplied from a constant current source. Power supply 40-50V. The consumed current is 1.5-2A. The water flow rate was set so that 50 l / h was pumped through the desalination chambers, and 25 l / h through the concentration chambers. The quality of the distillate is monitored by a device that measures the electrical resistivity of water. The current value is selected so that the water supply is not less than 200 kOhm-cm. The installation allows you to get demineralized water with a value of po more than 500 kOhm-cm.

The test data of the installation are summarized in table 1.

Table 1.

As can be seen from table 1, that the proposed installation with less electrical load on the electrodialyzer than in the prototype, allows you to get water with more

high specific electrical resistance, which indicates the depth of water purification.

The results of the analysis of water are shown in table 2.

As can be seen from table 2, the water fully complies with the requirements of GOST 670972 Distilled water. Technical conditions The power consumption of the installation, taking into account the pumping of water, is 1-1.2 kWh, i.e., in comparison with the prototype, it practically did not increase.

Table 2.

Claims (2)

1. Installation for deep groundwater purification, containing a series-connected tank-aerator, a mechanical filter, a Na-cation exchange filter and an electrodialysis apparatus, characterized in that, in order to increase the depth of water purification, an electroionite apparatus is connected to the output of the electrodialysis apparatus. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the brine outlet of the electroionite apparatus is connected to the aerator tank.