RU109134U1 - STATION FOR ELECTROCOAGULATIVE PREPARATION AND SOFTENING OF DRINKING WATER - Google Patents

Abstract

 The station for electrocoagulation preparation and softening of drinking water contains a series-connected source water tank with an ejector located at the inlet, an electrocoagulation water treatment unit, a degasser, a softening unit, a clarifier, a buffer tank, a clarification filter, an ultraviolet water disinfection unit, and the station also includes a salt preparation tank solution, a tank for preparing a softening solution and a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtering process, equipped with metering pumps, connected to the source water tank, softener and buffer tank, the station is equipped with a compressor connected via an air line to the electrocoagulation water treatment unit, to a clarifier, to a clarification filter, between the outlet of the source water tank and the input of the electrocoagulation water treatment unit there is a water supply pump processing, conductivity cell and flow meter, between the buffer tank and the clarification filter there is a pump for supplying water to the filter, at the outlet of the ultraviolet installation a counter of clean water is placed, the station is equipped with auxiliary lines: a drainage line connected to the lower parts of the source water tank, an electrocoagulation water treatment unit, a degasser, a softener, a tank for preparing a water softener, a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtering process, clarifier, a buffer tank and a clarification filter, a washing line of a clarifying filter, consisting of a filter washing pump and a flow meter counter connected to the outlet

Description

The invention relates to methods for treating ground and surface waters for drinking water supply, in particular to methods for treating natural waters from polluting mineral and organic compounds while preserving useful mineralization and biological activity of water.

A block device for water purification using electrocoagulation processing is known (RF patent No. 2151106), comprising a preliminary water treatment unit, an ozonation unit, an electrocoagulation unit, a floating filtration unit, a desalination unit, a finishing unit and a power unit, the preliminary unit being located between the source of the source water and the input of the ozonation unit containing the first and second ozonation columns arranged in series, to which the first and second are connected, respectively an ozone generator. An electrocoagulation unit and a floating loading filtration unit are connected in series between the ozonation columns. The output of the ozonation unit is connected to the input of the desalination unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the finishing unit. The finishing block contains a series-connected fine filter and a UV reactor. The power unit is electrically connected to ozone generators, a desalination unit, an electrocoagulation unit, and a finishing unit. Ozonation columns and ozone generators are configured to control the supply of ozone to the columns. The floating loading filtration unit is configured to mix the purified water together with the floating loading, and the electrocoagulation unit electrodes are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and are connected with the possibility of changing the polarity of the connection.

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient degree of purification of groundwater and surface water with a high degree of pollution by mineral and organic compounds.

A block device for water purification using electrocoagulation processing is known (RF patent No. 2142448), adopted as a prototype, comprising a preliminary water treatment unit, an ozonation unit, an electrocoagulation unit, a floating loading filtration unit, a final cleaning unit, and a power unit. The pre-treatment unit is located between the source of the source water and the input of the ozonation unit, containing the first and second ozonation columns in series, to which the first and second ozone generators are connected respectively. An electrocoagulation unit and a floating loading filtration unit are connected in series between the ozonation columns. The output of the ozonation unit is connected to the input of the finishing unit, containing a fine filter and a UV reactor connected in series. The power unit is electrically connected to ozone generators, an electrocoagulation unit and a finishing unit. Ozonation columns and ozone generators are configured to control the supply of ozone to the columns. The floating loading filtration unit is configured to mix the purified water together with the floating loading. The electrodes of the electrocoagulation unit are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and are connected with the possibility of changing the polarity of the connection. At the output of each block, a means for controlling the quality of the outgoing water and a means for supplying the water leaving this block for additional purification to any of the previous blocks are sequentially installed.

The electrocoagulation unit is configured to completely coagulate the organic impurities contained in the purified water, as well as metal hydroxides, when the purified water passes through the electrocoagulation unit.

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient degree of purification of groundwater and surface water with a high degree of pollution by mineral and organic compounds.

The objective of this utility model is to meet the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 "Drinking Water".

The technical result of creating a useful model is the ability to purify surface and groundwater with a high content of compounds of iron, manganese, silicic acid, hardness salts, and organic pollutants.

The task and technical result are achieved by the fact that the station for electrocoagulation preparation and softening of drinking water contains a series-connected source water tank with an ejector located at the inlet, an electrocoagulation water treatment unit, a degasser, a softening unit, a clarifier, a buffer tank, a clarification filter, an ultraviolet water disinfection unit , the station also includes a tank for preparing saline solution, a tank for preparing a solution of softening and a tank for preparing a solution of stabilization and filtering processes, equipped with metering pumps, connected respectively to the source water tank, softener and buffer tank, the station is equipped with a compressor connected via an air line to the electrocoagulation water treatment unit, to the clarifier, to the clarification filter, between the outlet of the source water tank and the inlet of the electrocoagulation water treatment unit, a water supply pump for processing, a conductivity cell and a flow meter are placed, between the buffer tank and the clarification filter a water supply pump to the filter, at the outlet of the ultraviolet water disinfection unit a clean water meter is placed, the station is equipped with auxiliary lines: a drainage line connected to the lower parts of the source water tank, electrocoagulation water treatment unit, degasser, softener, softener preparation tank water, a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtering process, a clarifier, a buffer tank and a clarification filter, a washing line for a clarification filter consisting of a pump washing the filter and the flow meter counter connected to the outlet of the clarification filter, a line of pressure sewer discharge from the clarification filter and connected to its inlet and outlet, and a line for exhausting gases into the atmosphere, connected to the upper parts of the source water tank, degasser and clarifier, in addition, the station equipped with shutoff valves.

In FIG. The scheme of the station for electrocoagulation preparation and softening of drinking water is given.

The station for electrocoagulation preparation and water softening includes a source water tank 1, an electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2, a degasser 3, a softening unit 4, a clarifier 5, a buffer tank 6, a clarification filter 7, an ultraviolet water disinfection unit 8. At the entrance to the source water tank 1 is placed water-air ejector 9. The station includes a tank for preparing saline solution 10, a tank for preparing a solution of softening 11 and a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtration process 12. A tank for preparing saline solution 10 is equipped with it is connected with a metering pump 13 and connected to the source water tank 1. The softening solution preparation tank 11 is equipped with a metering pump 14 and connected to the softening unit 4. The stabilization filter preparation solution tank 12 is equipped with a metering pump 15 and connected to the buffer tank 6. B The structure of the station includes a compressor 16 connected via an air line 17 to the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2, to the clarifier 5 and to the clarification filter 6. Between the outlet of the source water tank 1 and the inlet of the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2 there is a water supply pump for processing 18, a conductivity cell 19 and a flow meter 20. Between the buffer tank 6 and the clarification filter 7, a water supply pump 21 is installed on the clarification filter 7. At the outlet from the ultraviolet water disinfection unit 8, a clean water meter is placed 22 The station is equipped with a drainage line 23 connected to the lower parts of the source water tank 1, the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2, the degasser 3, the softening unit 4, the tank for preparing the water softening solution 11, and the tank for preparing races stabilization stabilization of the filtration process 12, clarifier 4, buffer tank 5 and clarification filter 6. The output of the clarification filter is equipped with a washing line 24, consisting of a washing pump for clarifying filter 25 and a flow meter 26. The station is equipped with a pressure sewer discharge line 27 from clarifying filter 7, connected to its entrance and exit. The upper parts of the source water tank 1, degasser 3 and clarifier 4 are interconnected by a line for exhausting gases into the atmosphere 28. The station is equipped with shut-off valves that turn on and off depending on the station's operating conditions, at the time the station starts and stops and during its maintenance.

The water to be purified is supplied through the ejector 9 to the source water tank 1. In the ejector 9, the water is freed from the excess amount of dissolved gases and saturated with oxygen. Salt solution is supplied to the source water tank 1 from the salt preparation tank 10 by means of a metering pump 13. A solution of sodium chloride is necessary to maintain the optimal concentration of chlorides in the source water, in order to ensure the optimum value of the electrical conductivity of water, its amount depends on the chemical composition of the source water.

From the source water tank 1, pre-prepared water by the water supply pump for treatment 18 is supplied to the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2, and the gases released from the water after the ejector 9 are removed from the source water tank 1 through the gas exhaust line 28 to the atmosphere.

Before electrocoagulation treatment of water with a conductometric cell 19, the electrical conductivity of the water is controlled, and its flow rate is determined by the flow meter 20. In the block of electrocoagulation treatment of water 2, the water is saturated with electrochemically introduced aluminum hydroxide and is exposed to an electric field.

To stabilize the process of electrocoagulation periodically, according to the preliminarily compiled taking into account the power of the station and the composition of the source water source, a predetermined volume of air is supplied to the inlet of the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2 by compressor 16.

Then the water enters the degasser 3. In the degasser 3, mechanical impurities present in the water settle in the lower conical part of the degasser 3, and hydrogen gas formed during the hydrolysis of water at the cathode of the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2 is removed through the gas exhaust line 28, and then water enters the softening unit 4.

In the softening unit 4 from the tank for preparing the softening solution 11, a water softening solution is supplied through the metering pump 14. A water softening solution is necessary to remove hardness salts from water, especially calcium carbonates and magnesium carbonates. As a result of metabolic processes, soluble sodium carbonates will be present in softened water.

From the softening unit 4, the softened water enters the clarifier 5. In the clarifier 5, coagulating interaction of the aluminum hydroxide molecules with the molecules of pollutants occurs, which is accompanied by the deposition of contaminants in the form of suspension and floc sediment. For the efficient operation of clarifier 5, depending on the power of the station and the composition of the source water, air is supplied to the clarifier 5 from the compressor 16 through an air line 17 with a predetermined frequency. From clarifier 5, water enters buffer tank 6.

Calcium hydroxide solution is supplied to the buffer tank 6 from the tank for preparing the stabilization solution for the filtering process 12 by means of a metering pump 15, and from it a water supply pump 21 is fed to a clarification filter 7, where it is cleaned of fine particles suspended after previous technological operations. From the clarification filter 7, the water enters the ultraviolet disinfection unit 8 and, through the clean water meter 22, the prepared water is sent to the consumer.

The station provides for periodic washing of the filter load of the clarification filter 7. For this, pure drinking water is supplied through the washing line 24 by the washing pump 25 to the lower part of the clarification filter 7. Water consumption is controlled by a flow meter 26. Water discharge after washing the clarification filter 7 is carried out through the pressure sewer line 24.

The washing of the clarification filter 7 can be intensified by preliminary loosening the loading of the clarification filter 7 with a water-air mixture. For this purpose, air is supplied by compressor 16 through the air line 17 to the lower part of the clarification filter 7, the excess of which is discharged into the atmosphere through an air valve located in the upper part of the clarification filter 7 (not shown in the figure). A possible option is the joint washing of clarifier 5 and clarification filter 7. In this case, first air-water cleaning of these blocks is carried out, and then washing with water.

During the operation of the station, sludge is discharged from the clarifier 5 at a predetermined frequency through the drainage line of station 23, the source water tank 1, the electrocoagulation water treatment unit 2, the degasser 3, the softening unit 4, the preparation tank are emptied through the drainage line of station 23 water softening solution 11, a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtration process 12, a clarifier 5, a buffer tank 6, a clarification filter 7.

Claims (1)

The station for electrocoagulation preparation and softening of drinking water contains a series-connected source water tank with an ejector located at the inlet, an electrocoagulation water treatment unit, a degasser, a softening unit, a clarifier, a buffer tank, a clarification filter, an ultraviolet water disinfection unit, and the station also includes a salt preparation tank solution, a tank for preparing a softening solution and a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtering process, equipped with metering pumps, connected to the source water tank, softener and buffer tank, the station is equipped with a compressor connected via an air line to the electrocoagulation water treatment unit, to a clarifier, to a clarification filter, between the outlet of the source water tank and the input of the electrocoagulation water treatment unit there is a water supply pump processing, conductivity cell and flow meter, between the buffer tank and the clarification filter there is a pump for supplying water to the filter, at the outlet of the ultraviolet installation a counter of clean water is placed, the station is equipped with auxiliary lines: a drainage line connected to the lower parts of the source water tank, an electrocoagulation water treatment unit, a degasser, a softener, a tank for preparing a water softener, a tank for preparing a solution for stabilizing the filtering process, clarifier, a buffer tank and a clarification filter, a washing line of a clarifying filter, consisting of a filter washing pump and a flow meter counter connected to the outlet a discharge filter, a line of pressure sewer discharge from a clarification filter connected to its inlet and outlet, and a line for exhausting gases into the atmosphere, connected to the upper parts of the source water tank, degasser, and clarifier; in addition, the station is equipped with shutoff valves.