RU30731U1 - STORAGE FOR LIQUIDS - Google Patents

Description

  IPC in 65 D 90 / Щ in 65 D 88/08, E 04 Н 7/06

STORAGE FOR LIQUIDS

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to technological equipment for the storage of wine, juices and other food liquids.

A storage for food liquids is known, including horizontal tanks located in a shelter and rectangular support elements in the form of frames consisting of two parts in height that frame them on a cylindrical surface. The reservoirs are located in tiers, coaxially in the vertical and horizontal planes, and the supporting elements together form the bases for overlapping and covering (AS USSR No. 1 296 489 A1, IPC B 65 D 88/00, E 04 H 7/00).

A disadvantage of the known storage is the complexity of its design, which determines the high complexity and cost of installation work. In addition, tanks have an increased coefficient of t ary (the ratio between metal consumption and cargo capacity).

A silo reservoir is known, containing internal vertical partitions consisting of racks, pairwise connected by rods and connecting sheet panels interconnected in the form of segments of a cylindrical surface with a vertical generatrix forming a multi-lobed wall. Adjacent racks are connected by several transverse beams or horizontal spacers adjacent to the panels. Panels and racks are connected either by welding or by bolts. The racks are made either of channels, welded to each other by the ends of the shelves, or from a pipe with a rectangular cross section. The presence of many lobed walls in the form of cylindrical segments with a radius of curvature less than infinity (for flat walls) provides an increase in the structural strength of the tank. (European Patent No. O 298 181, IPC B 65 D 90/02, publ. 11.01.92, Bulletin 89/02).

However, the tank, made as a single tank, is designed to store silage, liquid, or the like. substances of one chemical composition. In particular, it is unsuitable for storing several liquids, for example, several grades of wine.

In addition, if we consider the reservoir as an integral part of the storage, including several reservoirs, then the presence of several cylindrical segments, multiple racks, rods and beams in one reservoir determines its high metal consumption and the complexity of manufacturing.

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segments with parallel generators connected by welding along the generatrices. The storage also contains prestressed (stretched) elements that compensate for the effect of compressed gas pressure on the walls of the storage. For honeycomb-like reservoirs, the prestressed element is branched, consists of several flat parts (walls) with Y-shaped sockets. In these Y-shaped nests, the head parts enter along a sliding fit, with which the connecting sections of the segments of adjacent reservoirs end. The head parts have a section (circle) with a surface identical to the inner surface of the Y-shaped socket. The design of the prestressed elements provides for the possibility of some flow of compressed gas from one tank to another through slots in the flat walls and through the connection “socket - head part (US patent No. 5 787 920, IPC B 65 D 90/08, NKI 137/255, 22Q / 565, published on 08/04/98).

However, the storage has several disadvantages:

1) the great complexity, manufacturing, associated with the difficulty of manufacturing by pressing two segments of adjacent reservoirs and the head part between them as a single part, as well as the difficulty of manufacturing prestressed elements (pressing the nests at the ends; making slots on the same flat walls and protrusions included in the slots , on other flat walls of mating elements; branching of elements);

2) the storage has limited functionality, as it is intended only for storing gas (liquid) of one chemical composition; due to the flow of gas (liquid) through the connection “socket - head part and through cracks in the flat walls of the elements in the storage tanks it is impossible to store different liquids or gases at the same time;

3) increased material costs, since prestressed elements should be made of more durable1 and, therefore, more expensive materials than other tank parts.

As a prototype, the closest solution in technical essence was a silo storage made of several tanks in the form of honeycomb blocks, i.e. with common adjacent walls. The walls consist of many horizontal wall elements located one above the other and having a trapezoidal profile along the entire length. In each corner joint, adjacent walls are connected diagonally by vertical struts. The racks are made of sheet, include corrugations, one above the other, having a shape similar to the shape of wall elements, and providing a lock connection with it of the walls of the tank throughout

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their height. At the joints of the reservoirs located inside the storage, a hollow space was created with four racks connecting diagonally four joined walls of the reservoirs. Racks similar to the above-mentioned corner racks are also made of sheet and corrugated. The hollow space is poured with concrete (see US Pat. No. 5,005 327, IPC E 04 H 7/00, publ. 09.04.91).

However, the store is laborious to manufacture, which is associated with:

1) the need for preliminary corrugation of a large number of wall elements;

2) a large number of welds required for the formation of each wall of the tank from several wall elements (the detachable connection option is not suitable, since it will not be possible to store liquids in the tanks);

3) the complexity of applying the figured weld at the joints of the walls with the uprights;

4) pouring concrete in the cavity between the uprights.

The utility model is based on the task: by improving the design of the storage facility for liquids, to reduce the complexity of its manufacture and installation.

This object is achieved in that in a storage for liquids containing at least two tanks made in the form of honeycomb blocks with vertical posts located at the joints of the tanks, according to a utility model, at least the outer walls of the tanks are made in the form at least one cylindrical segment and are joined along their cylindrical surface.

In particular, at least one of the walls of the reservoir consists of at least two segments whose curvature of the cylindrical surface is opposite in sign.

In addition, at least two adjacent reservoirs contain at least one segment that fits together, the curvature of the cylindrical surface of which is opposite in sign.

A storage option is also preferred in which the junction of segments with a vertical strut common to at least four adjacent reservoirs has a swastika-like shape in plan.

SAVES the production area of the storage. Adjacent walls of adjacent reservoirs are obtained common, which reduces the metal consumption of the tanks in relation to cargo capacity.

The execution of the walls of the tanks in the form of cylindrical segments joined along the cylindrical surface forming them increases the stability of the storage structure and allows using a sheet of smaller thickness for the manufacture of segments, which reduces the metal consumption of the storage. Indeed, stresses in the segments arising from the pressure of the liquid in the reservoir on the surface of the segments are determined in a first approximation by the formula:

where O is the voltage in the segment;

p is the fluid pressure on the surface of the segment;

R is the radius of curvature of the cylindrical surface of the segment;

v ...

 5 - segment wall thickness.

The formula shows that for the flat walls of the reservoirs (jR оо), at the initial instant, the stresses σ have an infinitely large value, which leads to a loss of stability of the reservoir, which manifests itself in the deflection of the wall by a certain curvature, at which the wall of thickness S is able to absorb fluid pressure p without deformation . The smaller the radius of curvature of the segments, the smaller the thickness can be selected

the source sheet for the manufacture of a segment suitable for the perception of pressure p

liquid poured into the tank.

The cylindrical segments, in addition, are stable in the vertical plane, which facilitates their installation in comparison with flat walls.

The installation of vertical struts at the joints of the segments will provide additional rigidity and strength to the walls of the tanks. As the racks slip perform the functions of a transition link between segments, docking of segments in height is simplified.

The implementation of the tank wall from two or more segments that are joined together using an additional vertical rack, allows you to expand the range of storages of the claimed design by increasing the maximum size of the tanks. With fixed maximum sheet sizes for the manufacture of segments, the required size of the walls of the tanks can be provided by joining several segments. On the other hand, small sheets for manufacturing

segments are usually cheaper, so the use of composite tank walls in some cases can reduce the total cost of storage.

For adjacent reservoirs, the docking of segments located on opposite sides relative to the vertical strut that joins them is possible if possible so that in the top view the segments form a sinusoid with an inflection point at the installation location of the vertical strut. That is, the segments are joined to the strut so that the curvature their cylindrical surface is opposite in sign, (segments are curved in opposite directions).

In particular, for four adjacent reservoirs in a plan view, the docking zone of four segments with a vertical strut has a swastika-like shape with convex segments either clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the vertical strut.

Such docking of segments provides the following advantages:

1) simplification of the technology of welding segments with a rack due to the fact that the ends of the segments to be welded are maximally distant from each other and do not interfere with the supply of tools and electrodes to the welding zone;

2) decrease in metal consumption of racks; with such an arrangement of the welded segments, the thermal effect of the weld on the material of the rack is the most uniform, which allows, for example, to use columns in the form of pipes with a thinner wall, without fear of their uneven and irreparable warping during welding.

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by the attached drawings, which depict:

FIG. 1 is a general view of a liquid storage facility;

Figure 2 - view A (see Fig. 1);

Fig.Z - block tanks with swastika-like joints of segments.

The liquid storage includes ground or underground shelter 1, where the tanks 2 are located in the form of honeycomb blocks. Each block is installed on the foundation 3 and includes two or more adjacent tanks 2 having a common bottom 4. The walls (both external 5 and internal 7) of the tanks 2 are made in the form of cylindrical segments, which allows them to be mounted on a common bottom in series Get the right number of tanks in the 6th block.

The segments are joined in height by means of vertical racks 6 of circular or rectangular (monolithic or hollow) section, to which the ends of the segments are welded from opposite sides along the cylindrical surface forming them. This facilitates installation and gives additional rigidity to the walls of the tanks 2.

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The inner walls 7 of two adjacent reservoirs 2 are made common, which reduces the metal consumption of the reservoirs 2 with respect to their cargo capacity (tare factor), and also saves the production area of the storage and reduces capital costs for construction.

The location of the mating segments 7 by a sinusoid with an inflection point at the installation site of the vertical strut (Fig. 2) simplifies and cheapens the manufacturing of the junction of the segments 7. If the storage design allows, the internal junction of the four segments 7 of four adjacent tanks (Fig. 3) also perform similarly the joint in figure 2, that is, the joint in plan has a swastika-like shape.

The walls 5, 7 of the tanks 2 of large capacity are made of two (figure 2) or more segments that are joined to each other using additional vertical struts 8.

On top of the tanks 2 are covered with a lid 9, which, in order to facilitate installation, is made of separate sections 10c with sealed joints.

Each tank 2 on top has a filler neck 11, and in the lower part is equipped with a manhole 12, technological pipes 13 and a drain pipe 14.

The lid of the tanks 2 serves at the same time as a working platform for their maintenance, for which a ladder 15 and a guard 16 are installed.

Liquid storage can be equipped with process pipelines, liquid level and temperature sensors, which help automate technological processes and temperature conditions.

Thus, the proposed utility model along with the simplification of the design provides a reduction in the metal consumption of the tanks, as well as a saving in the working area of the storage, which reduces the complexity and cost of construction and installation works.

Director of LLC MP Azovmashprom Agarkov

Claims (4)

1. Storage for liquids, containing at least two tanks made in the form of honeycomb blocks with vertical racks located at the joints of the tanks, characterized in that at least the outer walls of the tanks are each in the form of at least , one cylindrical segment and are joined along their cylindrical surface. 2. Storage according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the walls of the tank consists of at least two segments joined to a vertical strut, the curvature of the cylindrical surface of which is opposite in sign. 3. The storage according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two adjacent reservoirs contain at least one segment that is joined to each other, the curvature of the cylindrical surface of which is opposite in sign. 4. Storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the junction of the segments with a vertical strut common to at least four adjacent reservoirs has a swastika-like shape in plan.