RU29823U1 - Pumpkin Processing Forage Harvester - Google Patents

Description

From the acquisition of offsite to the field of agricultural harvesting and processing equipment, namely to forage harvesters for processing pumpkins and similar fruits (watermelons, zucchini, etc.).

Known fodder uborbchsh1y, containing the housing located on the frame, chassis, engine, food and grinding mechanisms, drive of the working bodies of the grinding mechanism (USSR AS No. I64I2I5, MSh 5 Ш1 43/08, Ш No. 14, I99I , priority 06.27.88 g.).

However, it is intended for harvesting stem crops.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a forage harvester for harvesting and processing pumpkins, made in workshops and working for more than three years on the fields of the village of Grushevskaya, Aksaysky district, Rostov Region (unfortunately, there are no drawings or sketches for it).

The specified harvester has a housing mounted on the running block, in which a grinding drum, a grinding drum drive, a cylindrical slit separator are placed. The cab and engine are fixed to the body. The lifting drum is made with knitting needles designed for pricking fruits and lifting them into the chopping drum from the rolls. The slit separator is made in the form of a cylinder of rods with a diameter of ten millimeters located on the side of each other with a gap of ten millimeters. Screw conveyors are fixed to the combine body, designed for moving seeds to the hopper, and an unloading conveyor for feeding chopped pumpkin to the feeder, as well as

their drives. The lifting drum is movably connected to the corsus.

The disadvantages of the prototype is that the chopper drive provides a high speed of rotation, leading to the crushing of seeds, which directly enter the screw from the separator without preliminary cleaning, and the small working surface of the separator due to the use of thick rods with respect to the gap between them.

The objective of the invention is when mechanized harvesting more efficiently to extract high-quality seeds suitable for processing in the pharmaceutical industry.

This is achieved by the fact that in a known combine containing a housing mounted on the chassis, in which a grinding drum, a slit separator are placed, a cabin, an engine, screw conveyors for moving seeds into the hopper, and an unloading conveyor for feeding the chopped pumpkin to the feed dispenser, as well as their drives, a lifting drum adapted to feed pumpkins from the rolls to the chopping drum is movably connected to the feeder, new features are introduced, and there is: the separator is made in the form of a truncation cone, on the lateral outer sides of which rubberized blades are fixed, intended for the primary cleaning of seed pulp falling from the separator onto the mesh tray, below which there is a mesh pipe, inside of which there is a rubberized screw designed for subsequent cleaning of the seeds from pulp and transporting them to seed hopper, and the chopping drum drive is made with an output rotation speed of 80 to 150 rpm.

Due to the new features introduced into the pumpkin-processing self-propelled combine, it is achieved by mechanized pumpkin harvesting with separation and primary seed cleaning more efficient extraction of high-quality (intact) seeds suitable for processing

shoes in the pharmaceutical industry. This is achieved by reducing the rotation speed of the grinding drum to the limits of 80-150 rpm, increasing the working surface of the separator by making the separator in the form of a cone and using a diameter of 5 to 8 mm and primary cleaning of the seeds from the pulp using a mesh tray and rubberized blades fixed on the sides of the cone.

In FIG. I shows the proposed combine for harvesting and processing pumpkins into animal feed with separation of seeds;

in FIG. 2 - section along aa;

in FIG. 3 - separator.

The harvester for harvesting and processing pumpkin contains a housing 2 mounted on the chassis I, in which a grinding drum 3 is placed in series, a slot separator 4, made in the form of a truncated cone, on the lateral sides of which are rubberized blades 5, intended for primary cleaning of the pulp seeds falling from the separator 4 onto the curved mesh tray 6. The mesh tray 6 is made of a standard metal mesh with a hole diameter of 8 mm, which is produced by industry and is used to wipe through its pulp. The mesh tray b is attached with one edge close to the housing 2, and its other edge forms a gap 7 between it and KopiqrcoM 2. The seeds dropped into this slot fall into the mesh pipe 8 located below the tray 6, inside of which there is a rubberized screw 9, intended for subsequent cleaning seeds from the pulp and transporting them to the seed hopper 10. In the mesh tube 8, the seeds from the mesh tray 6 fall through the hole II, above which the guide shelves 12 are attached, attached to the edges of the slit 7. The separator 4 with the smaller base of the cone is milled with a common drum 3, and a large drum with

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a conveyor 13, designed to feed the chopped pumpkin into the feeder 14 (drive). The axis of the separator 4 is located horizontally. The rods 15 on the separator are fixed in the form of rings.

The chopping drum 3 has a low-speed drum 16, providing it with a rotation speed of 80-150 rpm at the exit. A lifting drum 18 with spokes 19 is connected to the housing 2 on the movable brackets 17 and is designed to pierce pumpkins from the rolls and feed it into the chopping drum 3. A guide apron 20 and a dropping comb 21, which can be made movable, are attached to the brackets 17 so motionless. A cabin 22, an engine 23, kinematically connected with individual drives: chassis I, screws 9, conveyor 13 and other parts and assemblies, and a seed hopper 10 are attached to the housing 2, and the slot separator 4 is made of rods with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm, fixed with a gap S in the range of 5 to 10 mm relative to each other.

The proposed combine is designed using individual elements (chassis, housing, engine, etc.) of a Niva 5M combine harvester,

The harvester works as follows.

When it moves along the rolls of the needles of the lifting drum 18, the pumpkins are punctured and fed into the chopping drum 3. From the chopped pumpkin fed to the separator 4, the seeds fall out through the gaps S onto the mesh tray 6. On this tray b, the seeds are first cleaned with help rubberized blades 5. Then, through the slit 7, the seeds fall with the help of inclined shelves 12 into the mesh tube 8 with the wheat 9, where the seeds are also cleaned of pulp. Then they are fed by another screw 24 to the seed hopper 10. The crushed pumpkin is conveyed by a conveyor 13 from the separator 4 to the feed distributor 14 (storage). The work of the screws 9 and

24, the conveyor 13, the separator 4, dropping combs 21 and other moving parts is carried out using their drives, kinematically connected to the engine 23.

Due to the increase in the working area of the separator 4, more efficient extraction of seeds from the crushed pumpkin occurs.

Due to the fact that the pumpkin is not crushed at a high speed of the chopping elements of the chopping drum 3, the seeds are slightly damaged.

In addition, they enter the seed hopper 10 pre-cleared of pulp,

Due to the use in the design of the proposed combine harvester of the elements (chassis, frame, engine, etc.) of the Niva 5M combine, when replacing the lifting drum with the header, it is possible to use it for mowing grass to hay or grain crops to a dump (for separate harvesting). This ensures its effective use until the pumpkin ripening period.

Claims (1)

A forage harvester for pumpkin processing, comprising a housing mounted on the chassis, in which a chopping drum, a slit separator are placed, a cabin, an engine, screw conveyors for moving seeds to the seed hopper, and an unloading conveyor for feeding the chopped pumpkin to the feed dispenser are fixed to the housing, as well as their drives, a lifting drum is movably connected to the housing, designed to supply pumpkins from the rolls to the grinding drum, characterized in that the separator is made in the form of a truncated cone, on the lateral outer sides of which rubberized blades are fixed, intended for primary cleaning of seed pulp falling from the separator onto a mesh tray, below which there is a mesh pipe, inside of which there is a rubberized screw intended for subsequent cleaning of seeds from pulp and transporting them to seed hopper, and the chopping drum drive is made with an output rotation speed of 80 to 150 rpm.