RU2820789C1 - Device for connection of building blocks during erection of walls - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in erection of bearing and non-bearing walls of residential and non-residential buildings. Device for connection of building blocks during erection of walls, placed in horizontal and vertical channels, formed when laying walls from building blocks, consisting of pipes, inside which there is a reinforcing bar, which is fixed in the pipes by means of spacers, note here that diameter of pipes corresponds to diameter of horizontal and vertical channels formed during laying of building blocks, while ends of reinforcing bar are provided with thread.

EFFECT: increased rigidity of bearing and non-bearing walls of residential and non-residential buildings, as well as possibility of erection of demountable walls without using cement mortar.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls of residential and non-residential buildings [E04B2/16, E04B2/32, E04C1/00].

A BUILDING WALL BLOCK is known from the prior art [RU 211599 U1, publ. 06/15/2022], made in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, includes upper, lower, front, rear and side surfaces. On the upper surface, along the front and rear surfaces there are channels and ridges, on the lower surface there are similar symmetrical longitudinal channels and grooves that match the shape and size of the ridges, and the front, rear and side surfaces of the block are made flat. The body of the block has through horizontally oriented cavities.

The disadvantage of this solution is the need to use concrete mortar during construction.

Also known from the prior art is a LOCKING BUILDING BLOCK [CN 1517504 A, publ. 2004-08-04] provided with at least one inner core, a second or end part of the core and a blocking element protruding from the surface and forming part of the perimeter of at least one inner core. When placed flush with each other, the building blocks form a second core or nest to accommodate interconnected components. When the first row of end-to-end building blocks is staggered relative to the second row of end-to-end building blocks, the interlocking components of one row of blocks engage with the second or end core sections or larger inner cores. another row of building blocks interact, connecting adjacent rows of building blocks. Basic building blocks have angled ends, allowing rows of building blocks to be formed at a given radius, or by placing one building block face-to-back and adjacent building blocks back-to-face.

The disadvantage of this solution is the insufficient strength of the structures being built.

The closest to the claimed invention is a METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING BUILDING STRUCTURES [RU 2774557 C1, publ. 06.21.2022] which consists in using ready-made building blocks with through holes, reinforcing bars with threaded end sections, which are placed in the specified through holes of the blocks. To center the blocks, centering inserts and coupling nuts are used, which are installed on at least one of the threaded ends of the reinforcing bars, with the help of which the blocks are tightened together. The blocks are placed in a given sequence, ensuring alignment between them using centering inserts and the blocks are tightened using compression nuts, the assembly of the building structure is carried out sequentially, attracting each subsequent block to an already installed block with a sleeve nut, the centering inserts are made in the form of a separate ring insert with a through hole and two opposite protrusions having centering surfaces, contacting in the assembled structure with matching centering recesses with centering surfaces in the blocks located coaxially with the through holes of the blocks for reinforcing bars, while the centering inserts are placed between the connected blocks with the possibility of contacting its opposite centering surfaces with the corresponding centering surfaces of the recesses of both connected blocks.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the low strength of the structure.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength and rigidity of load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls of residential and non-residential buildings, as well as the possibility of erecting collapsible walls without the use of cement mortar. In addition, the invention allows the construction of collapsible walls of high reliability and durability.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the system for connecting building blocks for the construction of walls consists of pipes, reinforcing bars are placed inside the pipes, which are fixed inside the pipes using spacer elements, while the pipes are placed in horizontal and vertical channels formed between the building blocks, and the diameter of the pipes corresponds to the diameter of the vertical and horizontal channels.

In particular, the reinforcing bars are designed to provide rigidity to the masonry of building blocks.

In particular, the spacer elements are made of plastic or silumin, or any other metal.

Brief description of the drawings.

In fig. Figure 1 shows the building block from the front.

In fig. Figure 2 shows the building block from the side.

In fig. Figure 3 shows the building block from above.

In fig. Figure 4 shows two building blocks from above.

In fig. Figure 5 shows the two building blocks from the side.

In fig. Figure 6 shows a fragment of a laying of building blocks.

In fig. Figure 7 shows the elements of the internal frame.

In fig. 8 shows the fastening of the spacer element

In fig. Figure 9 shows the junction of two walls from above.

The figures indicate: 1 - building block, 2 - upper gutter of the building block, 3 - lower gutter of the building block, 4 - left gutter of the building block, 5 - right gutter of the building block, 6 - vertical through hole in the building block, 7 - connecting pipes , 8 – reinforcing rod, 9 – spacer element, 10 – fastening element, 11 – embedded material.

In fig. 1 shows a building block 1. In this case, the dotted line shows a vertical through hole 6, an upper semicircular gutter 2, a lower semicircular gutter 3, a left semicircular gutter 4 and a right semicircular gutter 5.

In fig. 2 accordingly shows the building block 1 from the end, that is, from the side face. In fig. 2 the upper semicircular gutter 2 and the lower semicircular gutter 3 are visible.

In fig. 3 shows building block 1 from above. In fig. 3 you can see the left semicircular gutter 4, the right semicircular gutter 5 and the vertical through hole 6, which in this case is located in the center of the building block 1.

In fig. Figure 4 shows the installation of two building blocks, 1 end to end. In fig. 4 it can be seen that two semicircular grooves 4, 5 of two adjacent building blocks 1 form a vertical circular opening.

In fig. Figure 5 shows the installation of two building blocks one on top of the other. In fig. 5, it can be seen that the upper semicircular groove 2 and the lower semicircular groove 3 of two adjacent building blocks form a horizontal hole.

In fig. Figure 6 shows a standard laying of building blocks. In fig. 6 it can be seen that during laying, vertical round holes formed by side semicircular gutters, as well as vertical through holes 6 form vertical channels. And the horizontal round holes formed by the lower and upper semicircular gutters form horizontal channels.

In fig. Figure 7 schematically shows the internal frame of the wall, formed from pipes 7, in which reinforcing bars 8 are installed, fixed inside the pipes using spacer elements 9.

In fig. Figure 8 schematically shows from the side the fastening of the spacer element 9 on the reinforcing bar 8. The spacer element 9 is installed on the reinforcing bar 8 and is fastened on both sides by the fastening element 10, which can be a clamp or a threaded fastener.

In fig. Figure 9 schematically shows the implementation of the junction of the ends of two walls. At the junction of walls made of building blocks 1, an additional building element is installed, in which mortgages 11 are fixed. Reinforcing bars 8 are attached to the mortgages 11.

The building block 1 is made in the form of a parallelepiped, on the upper edge of which there is a semicircular groove 2 (see Fig. 2). On the lower edge of the building block 1 there is also a semicircular groove 3 (see Fig. 2), and on its side faces there are left 4 and right 5 semicircular gutters (see Fig. 3).

All semicircular gutters have the same radii.

In this case, the semicircular gutters of the building block 1 are made in such a way that when the building blocks 1 are joined at their ends, the left groove 4 of the right block and the right groove 5 of the left block form a through vertical round hole (see Fig. 4). And when the building blocks 1 are joined in height, the lower gutter 3 of the upper block and the upper gutter 2 of the lower block form a through horizontal round hole (see Fig. 5).

In addition, the building block 1 has one or more through vertical round holes 6, the radius of which is equal to the radius of the gutters.

All gutters and vertical holes 6 are designed in such a way that when laying building blocks 1, the gutters form round holes, which together with the vertical holes 6 form a checkered structure of round cavities.

Building block 1 is made of foam concrete, and the seams between the blocks can be filled with polyurethane foam.

Pipes 7 are installed inside the round vertical and horizontal channels. In this case, reinforcing bars 8 are installed in the pipes 7, which are fastened inside the pipes 7 using spacer elements 9 (see Fig. 7). The spacer elements 9 can be made of any materials, in particular, plastic or any metal. It is preferable to make spacer elements 9 from silumin.

The spacer elements 9 can be fixed to the reinforcing bar 8 by any known method. In particular, the spacer elements 9 can be secured using clamps or nuts (see Fig. 8).

Reinforcing bars 8, due to tension, form a rigid frame of the wall. Prestressing the reinforcing bars that form the internal load-bearing frame of the wall allows the construction of walls with very high strength and rigidity. Moreover, due to the fact that the invention allows construction to be done without cement mortar, the result is a collapsible wall with high strength and rigidity. In addition, pretensioning of reinforcing bars allows the construction of collapsible walls that are highly reliable and durable.

The finished wall is lined with sheets of tin. Since the wall is collapsible, covering it with plaster is impractical. Accordingly, to give the wall a finished appearance while maintaining the possibility of its disassembly, the front sides of the wall can be covered with sheets of tin.

An example of the invention.

Building block 1 can have dimensions of 40x40x80 cm.

Pipes can have a diameter of 150 mm, and reinforcing bars - 20 mm.

The construction of the wall is carried out in stages.

At the first stage, the wall is laid. The masonry is carried out in the standard way with a half block overlap, that is, the block is placed on two halves of the lower blocks. In this case, during the process of laying the blocks, pipes are installed in the gutters.

Then the lined wall is tightened with reinforcing bars. For this purpose, reinforcing bars are passed through pipes, inside the pipes the rods are fixed using spacer elements made of silumin, and the free ends of the rods are fixed using threads.

To obtain a junction between two ends of the walls, an additional building element can be used, in which the end ones are fixed. Reinforcing bars are attached to these end bars and pre-tensioned.

After which the gaps between the building blocks are filled with foam, and the wall itself is covered with a 0.3 mm thick sheet of tin.

To confirm the achievement of the technical result, tests were carried out on a wall built in accordance with the proposed invention. The wall measured 5 meters wide and 3 meters high. This wall was loaded with a load of 2000 kg/ ^m2 . The wall was under load for 30 days, and no deformations were observed. Testing a wall made in accordance with the prototype under the same loads led to the destruction of the structure after 8 days. In this case, the wall was dismantled after load tests. Further examination of the building elements used to construct the wall showed that there was no destruction or damage, indicating that these building elements can be reused.

Thus, due to the fact that the system for connecting building blocks for the construction of walls consists of pipes, reinforcing bars are placed inside the pipes, which are fixed inside the pipes using spacer elements, while the pipes are placed in horizontal and vertical channels formed between the building blocks, and the diameter of the pipes corresponds to the diameter of the vertical and horizontal channels, increasing the rigidity of collapsible load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls of residential and non-residential buildings.

Claims (2)

1. A device for connecting building blocks during the construction of walls, placed in horizontal and vertical channels formed during the laying of walls from building blocks, consisting of pipes, inside of which a reinforcing rod is placed, which is fixed in the pipes using spacer elements, and the diameter of the pipes corresponds to the diameter horizontal and vertical channels formed when laying building blocks, and the ends of the reinforcing rod are threaded. 2. A device for connecting building blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer elements are made of plastic or silumin.