RU2820754C1 - Combination lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: locks.

SUBSTANCE: combination lock comprises a sleeve, in which the main housing having radial holes, and an axis with code discs installed on it, and a control device are coaxially placed. Each disc has protrusions on end surfaces and recesses on outer diameter for locking balls arranged in radial holes of the housing. Additional housing with additional code discs is installed in the sleeve on the said axis. Additional housing is fixed along the angle with the main housing through a ring installed between them with slots on the inner diameter according to the number of characters in the code bit. In the axis there is a central hole for arrangement with the possibility of axial movement of the control shaft pressed by the spring, having radial protrusion for alternate interaction with protrusions of extreme to the ring code discs in their extreme axial positions and entering the slots of the ring in the intermediate axial position of the control shaft. Control device is made in the form of a cover fixed on the sleeve and is equipped with a rotary pusher interacting with the control shaft and equipped with radial protrusions entering the inclined slots made on the control device. In the control shaft there is a through slot for arrangement of a pin fixed diametrically on the control device with the possibility of axial movement of the control shaft by the rotary pusher.

EFFECT: higher secrecy of locking by increasing bit depth of combinations with simplicity of control.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to locking devices, in particular to locks that can be used to lock storage compartments for personal items.

Currently, various designs of combination locks are known, however, with sufficient locking secrecy, they have complex designs or require disassembly to change control combinations, which limits their scope of application.

A combination lock is known - a secret lock containing a glass with a longitudinal groove for the entry of blocking balls, installed in the glass with the possibility of rotation, a housing with radial holes for placing blocking balls, an axis with a set of code disks installed on it with holes for pins, on the outer surface of the disks there are recesses for blocking balls [SU No. 1013620, IPC E05B 37/20, published 04/23/1983].

The disadvantage of the known lock is that changing the code requires almost complete disassembly of the lock, which may result in loss of code-determining elements - pins, or incorrect installation of parts. The known lock does not exclude the determination of the established code by creating a “tension” on the code disks due to the possibility of simultaneous rotation of the glass and code disks. It also makes it difficult to install the required code, since the installed code is determined after rearranging the parts.

A combination lock is known - a secret lock containing a glass in which a main body having radial holes, and an axis with code disks installed on it and a control device are coaxially placed, each of the disks having protrusions on the end surfaces and recesses on the outer diameter for blocking balls ,

placed in the radial holes of the housing [patent RU No. 2042025, IPC E05B 37/20, published 08/20/1995]. In this device, the glass is equipped with rings according to the number of code disks with longitudinal grooves for blocking balls. The well-known combination lock is considered as a prototype.

The main disadvantage of the known combination lock is the limited number of code disks, and therefore the low security of the lock. In this device, an increase in the number of code disks will significantly complicate the control of the lock - a decreasing number of turns of the control with a change in the direction of rotation will inevitably lead to errors by the performer.

The well-known lock also requires significant disassembly to change the code. The lock does not completely eliminate the possibility of code disks moving on the axis, which can lead to failures when entering the code due to mutual contact of the code disks with their end surfaces.

An analysis of the designs of known combination locks allows us to conclude that the known level of technology does not provide for the creation of a combination lock of a simple design and easy to maintain with sufficient locking secrecy.

The technical result is increasing the secrecy of locking by increasing the number of bits of combinations with ease of control.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a combination lock containing a glass in which a main body having radial holes, an axis with code disks mounted on it, and a control device are coaxially placed, each of the disks having protrusions on the end surfaces and recesses on the outer diameter for blocking balls placed in the radial holes of the housing, according to the invention, an additional housing with additional code disks is installed in the glass on the specified axis, and the additional housing is fixed at an angle with the main body through

a ring installed between them with grooves on the inner diameter according to the number of characters in the code digit; also in the axis there is a central hole for placement with the possibility of axial movement of a spring-pressed control shaft, which has a radial protrusion for alternately interacting with the protrusions of the code disks outer to the ring in their outer axial positions and entering the grooves of the ring in the intermediate axial position of the control shaft, while the control device, made in the form of a cover fixed to the glass, is equipped with a rotary pusher that interacts with the control shaft and is equipped with radial protrusions that fit into inclined grooves made on the control device, when In this case, a through groove is made in the control shaft to accommodate a pin mounted diametrically on the control means with the possibility of axial movement of the control shaft by a rotary pusher.

Installing an additional housing with additional code disks into the glass on the specified axis ensures an increase in the number of codes, that is, it increases the secrecy of locking.

Fixing the additional housing at an angle with the main body through a ring installed between them with grooves on the inner diameter according to the number of characters in the code digit and making a central hole in the axis for placement with the possibility of axial movement of a spring-pressed control shaft, which has a radial protrusion for alternating interaction with the protrusions of the outer ones to the ring of code disks in their extreme axial positions and entering the grooves of the ring in the intermediate axial position of the control shaft, makes it possible to dial the first and second half of the code with one control shaft without the need for additional revolutions, that is, it significantly simplifies the control of the lock.

Equipping the control device, made in the form of a lid fixed to the glass, with a rotary pusher interacting with

control shaft and equipped with radial protrusions included in inclined grooves made on the control means, ensures a change in the axial position of the control shaft by the simplest operation - turning the rotary pusher.

Making a through groove in the control shaft to accommodate a pin mounted diametrically on the control means with the possibility of axial movement of the control shaft by a rotary pusher ensures kinematic connection of the control shaft with the dial both in the extreme and in the middle position of the control shaft, making it possible to set the code and control (opening and closing) of the lock with one control shaft, which simplifies the design and control of the lock, and also eliminates the determination of the code by creating tension on the code disks.

Thus, the combination of all the above characteristics creates the conditions for increasing the secrecy of locking by increasing the bit depth of combinations with ease of control.

In addition, a sleeve is installed on the glass with a group of radial holes, one at a time in the disc areas for balls to enter into them when their angular placement changes to ensure a code change without disassembling the lock, which further simplifies its operation.

In addition, to set the same code values on the outermost adjacent code disks in each housing, the protrusions on the end surfaces of the code disks and the radial protrusion of the control shaft have an angular width of ϕ = 360⁰/2( b n ), where b is the number of code characters in one digit, n – number of code disks in one case. This technical solution removes restrictions on the choice of code values, which also simplifies the operation of the lock.

The presence in the claimed invention of features that distinguish it from the prototype allows us to consider it to meet the “novelty” condition.

New features contained in the distinctive part of the claims have not been identified in technical solutions for a similar purpose. On this basis, we can conclude that the claimed invention complies with the “inventive step” condition.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In fig. Figure 1 shows an axial section of a combination lock.

In fig. 2 – view from the control side.

In fig. 3 – section A-A in Fig. 1.

In fig. 4 – section B-B in Fig. 1.

In fig. 5 – section A-A in Fig. 1 (change of angular arrangement of balls.

In fig. 6 – section B-B in Fig. 1.

In fig. 7 – configuration of inclined grooves for the pin in the limb (development of the cylindrical surface of the limb). The pusher is in the middle angular position.

The combination lock (Fig. 1-7) contains a glass 1, in which a body 2 is coaxially placed, having radial holes 3, and an axis 4 with code disks 5 installed on it with protrusions 6 on the end surfaces, and with recesses 7 on the outer diameter for blocking balls 8, placed in the combined radial holes 3 and 9 of the body 2 and the glass 1, respectively, and a control device in the form of a cover 10 fixed to the glass 1, in the central hole of which a flange 11 with a dial 12 is installed. In the glass 1 on the specified axis 4 is installed additional housing 13 with a set of additional code disks 5. Housing 13 is fixed at an angle with the main body 2 through a ring 14 installed between them with grooves 15 on the inner diameter according to the number of characters in the code digit.

In the axis 4 there is a central hole for placing, with the possibility of axial movement, a control shaft 17 pressed by a spring 16, which has a radial protrusion 18 for

alternately interacting with the protrusions 6 of the code disks 5 outer to the ring 14 in their extreme axial positions and entering the grooves 15 of the ring 14 in the intermediate axial position of the control shaft 17.

The dial 12, fixed to the flange 11, is equipped with a rotary pusher 19, interacting with the control shaft 17, and equipped with radial projections 20 that fit into inclined grooves 21 (Fig. 7) made on the dial 12.

A through groove 22 is made in the control shaft 17 to accommodate a pin 23, fixed diametrically on the limb 12 with the possibility of axial movement of the control shaft 17 by a rotary pusher 19.

A sleeve 24 with a group of radial holes 25 is installed on the cup 1, one at a time in the areas of the disks 5 for the balls 8 to enter when their angular placement changes.

A casing 26 with holes 27 is installed on the sleeve 24. In the diametrical groove 28 of the housing 2, liners 30 are installed, pressed by a spring 29. Pins 31, pressed into the walls of the housings 2, 13, eliminate axial movements of the code disks 5. Three pins 31 are installed at each level. In the initial (locked) state of the lock, the balls 8, pressed out by the outer cylindrical surface of the code disks 5, enter the radial holes 9 of the cup 1 and block the rotation of the housing 2.

Figures 1-7 show a combination lock with three main and three additional code disks 5.

The protrusions 6 of the code disks 5 and the radial protrusion 18 have an angular width ϕ = 360⁰/2( b·n ), where b is the number of code characters in one digit, n is the number of code disks in one housing. For example, when b = 10 and where b = 3 ϕ = 6⁰.

A certain angular width of the protrusions 6 on the end surfaces of the code disks 5 and the radial protrusion 18 of the control shaft 17 ensures that the same code values are set on the outermost adjacent

code disks 5 in each housing 2, 13. That is, the next repeating code value will be set without changing the angular position of the outermost adjacent code disk 5. This condition is realized if, with the last code disk 5 stationary, turn the dial 12 clockwise and counterclockwise until the angular the gaps between the protrusions 6 of all code disks 5, the angle between the extreme positions of the dial 12 is 360⁰/ b, that is, 36⁰ for b = 10.

The combination lock works as follows.

To unlock the dial 12, control combinations are dialed by placing the recesses 7 of the code disks 5 under the blocking balls 8. Figure 1 shows a special case of the angular arrangement of the balls 8.

First, the first half of the control combinations is dialed in the first extreme angular position of the pusher, then the second half in the second extreme angular position, and then the lock opens/closes in its middle angular position of the pusher.

To set the first half of the code values (from the first to the third), the pusher 19 is installed in the left extreme angular position (Fig. 7), while the pusher 19 moves the control shaft 17 along the axis, compressing the spring 29. In this case, the radial protrusion 20 of the control shaft 17 has the ability to interact with the end protrusion 6 of the outermost main code disk 5.

To dial the first digit of the code, dial 12 is turned counterclockwise three full turns and, turning further, sets this code digit.

To dial the second digit of the code, dial 12 is turned clockwise two full turns and, turning further, sets this code digit.

To dial the third digit of the code, dial 12 is turned counterclockwise one full turn and, turning further, sets this code digit.

To dial the second half of the code values (from the fourth to the sixth), the pusher 19 is installed in the right extreme angular position, while the pusher 19 moves along the axis and the radial protrusion 20 of the control shaft 17, pressed by the spring 29, is able to interact with the end protrusion 6 of the extreme additional code disk 5.

To dial the fourth digit of the code, dial 12 is turned counterclockwise three full turns and, turning further, sets this code digit.

To dial the fifth digit of the code, dial 12 is turned clockwise two full turns and, turning further, sets this code digit.

To dial the sixth digit of the code, dial 12 is turned counterclockwise one full turn and, turning further, sets this code digit.

After dialing all the code digits, the pusher 19 is installed in the middle angular position, while the pusher 19 moves the control shaft 17, pressed by the spring 29, along the axis and its radial protrusion 20 enters one of the grooves 15 of the ring 14. Next, the dial 12 is turned clockwise until stop, while the recesses 7 of the code disks 5, located under the blocking balls 8, do not prevent this rotation. Having turned together with the body 2, the inserts 30 allow you to remove the lock from the mounting socket (not shown). The inevitable angular displacements of the recesses 7 of the code disks 5 from the nominal location after dialing the code digits are eliminated by the blocking balls 8 when they enter the recesses 7. The blocking balls 8 additionally install the code disks 5.

To lock the lock in the middle angular position of the pusher 19, the dial 12 is turned counterclockwise until it stops. Next, in the extreme angular positions of the pusher 19, the dial 12 is turned counterclockwise several turns, while the code disks 5 are shifted from

angular positions corresponding to the code (their recesses 7 are no longer aligned with the blocking balls 8). The lock is installed into the socket by snapping into place without entering a code, while the inserts 30, pressed by the spring 29, are pressed into the lock and do not interfere with installation.

To change the code, dial the previously set code value, then the sleeve 24 is alternately installed in angular positions at which the holes 25 meet the balls 8. With an external magnet (not shown) all the balls 8 are pressed into the holes 25 of the sleeve 24. Next, a new code value is dialed, after whereby the balls 8, through the holes 27 in the casing 26, are moved by a rod-type device into the radial holes 3 of the housing 2. The sleeve 24, to prevent the balls 8 from entering the holes 25, returns to its original angular position. The number of code combinations can be changed by changing the number of code discs 5.

Thus, the technical solution of the inventive lock makes it possible to increase the number of possible control combinations, that is, to increase the secrecy of locking, with ease of control.

The information presented indicates that the following set of conditions are met when using the claimed invention:

- the claimed combination lock refers to locking devices, in particular to locks that can be used to lock storage compartments for personal items;

- the inventive combination lock, when used, is capable of increasing the secrecy of locking by increasing the number of bits of combinations with ease of control;

- for the proposed combination lock in the form in which it is characterized in the claims, the possibility of its implementation has been confirmed using the means and methods described in the application and known before the priority date. 10

Consequently, the declared combination lock meets the “industrial applicability” condition.

Claims (3)

1. A combination lock containing a glass in which a main body having radial holes, an axis with code disks installed on it, and a control device are coaxially placed, each of the disks having protrusions on the end surfaces and recesses on the outer diameter for blocking balls, located in the radial holes of the housing, characterized in that an additional housing with additional code disks is installed in the glass on the specified axis, and the additional housing is fixed at an angle with the main body through a ring installed between them with grooves on the inner diameter according to the number of characters in the code digit, also a central hole is made in the axis to accommodate, with the possibility of axial movement, a spring-pressed control shaft having a radial protrusion for alternately interacting with the protrusions of the outermost code disks to the ring in their extreme axial positions and entering the grooves of the ring in the intermediate axial position of the control shaft, wherein the control means , made in the form of a cover attached to the glass, is equipped with a rotary pusher that interacts with the control shaft and is equipped with radial projections that fit into inclined grooves made on the control device, while a through groove is made in the control shaft to accommodate a pin mounted diametrically on the control device with the possibility of axial movement of the control shaft by a rotary pusher. 2. The combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that a sleeve with a group of radial holes is installed on the glass, one in the disk areas for the balls to enter when their angular placement changes. 3. Code lock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protrusions on the end surfaces of the code disks and the radial protrusion of the control shaft have an angular width of ϕ = 360 ⁰/ 2 ( b n ), where b is the number of code characters in one digit , n – number of code disks in one case.