RU2818794C1 - Crusher for ore and nonmetallic materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: crushing or grinding of various materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for crushing solid materials and can be used in mining, metallurgy and construction industries. Ore crusher comprises housing, on side walls of which there is a movable vibration jaw, on journals of vibration jaw there installed are rolling bearings or sliding bushings, which are fixed on side walls of the crusher by supports. At least one vibrator is installed on the vibration jaw, wherein vibrator is mounted either directly on vibration jaw or connected to vibration jaw via waveguide with its one end rigidly secured to vibration jaw while vibrator is rigidly fixed at second end of waveguide. Vibration jaw has a stroke, the stroke of the vibration jaw is regulated by a stroke limiting mechanism, which is fixed on the vibration jaw and the crusher frame.

EFFECT: device intensifies development of cracks available in pieces of crushed material, accelerating destruction of pieces, increases coefficient of material loosening in crushing chamber, makes it possible to withdraw finished grades of crushed material from the crushing chamber in a timely manner, thereby increasing the capacity of the basic crusher (jaw crusher with simple or complex jaw swinging), reducing specific power consumption for crushing materials, as well as facilitating start-up of the crusher "under the rubble".

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to devices for crushing solid materials and can be used in the mining, metallurgical and construction industries.

State of the art

From patent RU 169141 U1 03/06/2017, a vibrating jaw crusher is known, having a spring-loaded frame support on which a housing is mounted, having an unbalanced vibrator, as well as two crushing jaws, between which and the walls of the housing an inclined crushing chamber is formed, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a second unbalanced vibrator, the active cheek is the lower cheek, which is made integral with the body, the body has a hollow protrusion in which the upper cheek is located, mounted spring-loaded relative to the body, one of the walls of the housing protrusion is parallel to the surface of the upper cheek opposite its working surface, and both unbalanced The vibrators are installed in this inclined wall of the housing protrusion, while the unbalanced vibrators are designed to allow synchronous rotation in opposite directions and joint movement of the cheeks in antiphase is ensured. In this case, the upper cheek is equipped with a centering rod passing through a hole in the housing wall in which the unbalanced vibrators are installed, while the rod is located along the axis of reciprocating vibrations created by the unbalanced vibrators. In addition, the discharge end of the upper cheek is made in the form of a longitudinally protruding plate with holes, which is the screen grid. The feed funnel is a housing element.

From the abstract Sablin R.A. Justification of rational parameters of a vibration jaw crusher with an inclined crushing chamber, St. Petersburg, 2009, 21 p. A vibrating jaw crusher is known, containing a crushing mechanism installed using elastic supports on a frame, including active jaws with a vibrator and reactive jaws, mounted on detachable clamps using multifaceted torsion bars, and side walls forming a crushing chamber with the cheeks, while the side walls are rigidly fixed to frame, and the crushing chamber is located at an angle to it. The design makes it possible to study vibration-impact destruction, determine the influence of vibration frequency on the degree of grinding of the source material and on the productivity of the material disintegration process.

Designs of jaw crushers with simple and complex jaw swing are also known. The operating principle of jaw crushers is that solid materials are crushed by compression between two surfaces - the jaws. One cheek is motionless, it is securely fixed. The second surface is movable; it is set in motion using a special mechanism. The movable jaw, the fixed jaw and the side walls of the crusher body form the crushing chamber.

The movable cheek makes reciprocating movements. As a result, the angle between the crusher surfaces changes. With the maximum retraction of the cheeks, large pieces of crushed material are lowered, and small pieces that have already been crushed fall even lower; the crushed material pours out through the lower slot.

The disadvantages of this type of crushers are the cyclical nature of the operation and the relatively high energy intensity of the process of crushing materials.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to increase the productivity of the jaw crusher, reduce specific energy consumption for the crushing process, and also improve the quality of crushed products.

Disclosure of the Invention

The technical result of the claimed device: intensifies the development of cracks existing in pieces of crushed material, accelerating the destruction of pieces, increases the coefficient of loosening of the material in the crushing chamber, allows for the timely removal of finished classes of crushed material from the crushing chamber, thereby increasing the productivity of the base crusher (jaw crusher with simple or complex by swinging the jaw), reducing the specific energy costs for crushing materials, and also makes it easier to start the crusher “under the blockage”.

A crusher for ore and non-metallic materials contains a body consisting of a frame and side walls, and a movable jaw. According to the invention, a vibrating cheek is movably mounted on the side walls of the housing, rolling bearings or sliding bushings are installed on the vibrating cheek trunnions, which are mounted on the side walls of the crusher body using supports, the vibrating cheek is connected to one or more vibrators, and the vibrators can be installed either directly on the vibrating cheek , or connected to the vibrating cheek through a waveguide, one end of which is rigidly fixed to the vibrating cheek, and the second end is rigidly fixed to the vibrator, the stroke of the vibrating cheek is regulated by a stroke limiting mechanism, which is fixed to the vibrating cheek and the frame of the crusher, while the stroke limiting mechanism ensures that the vibrating cheek is pressed against the frame when movement of the movable cheek towards the vibrating cheek, and at the moment of movement of the movable cheek away from the vibrating cheek, there is a gap between the vibrating cheek and the frame.

Brief description of drawings

In fig. Figure 1 shows a version of a crusher with a vibrating jaw, equipped with one vibrator with a waveguide, the vibrating jaw is fixed to the body using bushings (side view), where 2 is the vibrating jaw; 3 - waveguide; 4 - vibrator; 5 - mechanism for limiting the stroke of the vibrating cheek; 6 - flange; 7 - bed; 8 - movable cheek.

In fig. Figure 2 shows a version of a crusher with a vibrating jaw, equipped with one vibrator with a waveguide, the vibrating jaw is fixed to the body using bushings (front view), where 1 is the side wall; 5 - mechanism for limiting the stroke of the vibrating cheek; 9 - bushing or bearing; 10 - bearing support; 11- axle.

In fig. Figure 3 shows a version of the crusher with a vibrating cheek, on which a vibrator without a waveguide is installed (side view), where 2 is a vibrating cheek; 4 - vibrator; 5 - mechanism for limiting the stroke of the vibrating cheek; 6 - flange; 7 - bed; 8 - movable cheek.

In fig. 4 shows a version of the crusher with a vibrating cheek, on which a vibrator without a waveguide is installed (front view), 1 - side wall; 5 - mechanism for limiting the stroke of the vibrating cheek; 10 - bearing support; 11- axle.

In fig. 5 shows the stroke limiting mechanism, where 12, 13 are springs; 14 - guide; 15 - adjusting nut; 16 - adjusting washer; 6 - flange; 7 - bed.

Carrying out the invention

The ore crusher contains a vibrating jaw movably mounted on the side walls of the crusher body. Rolling bearings or sliding bushings are installed on the vibration jaw axles, which are secured to the side walls of the crusher with supports. In addition, at least one or more vibrators are installed in the crusher. This design allows vibrations from the vibrator to be transmitted through the vibrating jaw to the crushed material. Crushing is carried out by moving the movable cheek of the crusher in the direction of the vibrating cheek, loosening, additional crushing and unloading of the material - by removing the movable cheek from the vibrating cheek. As a vibrator we use area vibrators, they are also general purpose vibrators, also called surface vibrators, mainly used for compacting concrete, as well as for working with bulk and lump materials: transportation, unloading and sifting. Such a vibrator is also used on the following types of machines, systems and machines: vibrating presses, vibrating screens, vibrating feeders, vibrating plates and electric vibrating laths. A general-purpose vibrator operates on the principle of obtaining forced centrifugal force using rotational movements produced by inertial weights. These devices are located on both sides of the rotating shaft of the electric motor. Thanks to some design features of the unbalances, the platform vibrator has the ability to adjust the forced force. This refers to the twinning of unbalances at both ends of the rotor shaft. The adjustment is carried out by changing the position of the unbalances on both sides of the rotor in relation to each other. High frequency vibrators are capable of operating at frequencies up to 100 Hz with an adjustable electronic frequency converter. It is an electric motor with unbalances installed at the ends of the rotor shaft. The unbalances, rotating with the rotor shaft, create a centrifugal (driving) force.

The vibrating cheek has a stroke of over 0 mm, which is regulated by a stroke limiting mechanism. When the movable cheek moves towards the vibrating cheek, the vibrating cheek is pressed against the supporting wall of the crusher body. At this moment, the crushed material is compressed and destroyed. The unloading of crushed material from the working cavity of the jaw crusher occurs at the moment of movement (removal) of the movable cheek from the vibrating cheek, and the vibration of the vibrating cheek further crushes the material, loosens the material and accelerates the process of material exiting the crushing chamber.

Example 1

The ore crusher contains a housing, on the side walls of which a vibrating jaw is movably installed; rolling bearings are installed on the vibrating jaw trunnions, which are fixed to the supports on the side walls of the crusher. We install one vibrator on the vibrating cheek, connected to the vibrating cheek by a waveguide. In this case, the vibrating jaw has a stroke of more than 0 mm, which is regulated by a stroke limiting mechanism, which is attached to the vibrating jaw and the crusher frame. The solution is implemented on the basis of a jaw crusher with a complex jaw swing, with a receiving opening size of 250x200 mm. Crushed material - iron ore, coal. As a result, the productivity of the crusher increased in comparison with the basic analogue by 30% when crushing iron ore, by 34% when crushing coal.

Example 2

The ore crusher contains a housing, on the side walls of which a vibrating jaw is movably installed; rolling bearings are installed on the vibrating jaw trunnions, which are fixed to the supports on the side walls of the crusher. We install one vibrator directly on the vibrating cheek. In this case, the vibrating jaw has a stroke of more than 0 mm, which is regulated by a stroke limiting mechanism, which is attached to the vibrating jaw and the crusher frame. The solution is implemented on the basis of a jaw crusher with a complex jaw swing, with a receiving opening size of 250x200 mm. Crushed material - iron ore, coal. As a result, the productivity of the crusher increased in comparison with the basic analogue by 33% when crushing iron ore, by 38% when crushing coal.

Claims (1)

A crusher for ore and non-metallic materials contains a housing consisting of a frame and side walls, and a movable jaw, characterized in that a vibrating jaw is movably installed on the side walls of the housing, rolling bearings or sliding bushings are installed on the vibrating jaw axles, which are fixed on the side walls of the crusher housing at using supports, the vibrating cheek is connected to one or more vibrators, while the vibrators can be installed either directly on the vibrating cheek, or connected to the vibrating cheek through a waveguide, one end of which is rigidly fixed to the vibrating cheek, and the second end is rigidly fixed to the vibrator, the movement of the vibrating cheek is regulated by a limiting mechanism stroke, which is fixed on the vibrating cheek and the frame of the crusher, while the stroke limiting mechanism ensures that the vibrating cheek is pressed against the frame when the movable cheek moves towards the vibrating cheek, and at the moment the movable cheek moves away from the vibrating cheek, there is a gap between the vibrating cheek and the frame.