JPH04341350A - Jaw crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a jaw crusher for which the simple and easily available constitution to reduce the load acting on a casing and foundation without changing a crushing capability may be adopted. CONSTITUTION: This jaw crusher has a crushing chamber 12 formed narrow in a flow direction of non-crushed material. This crushing chamber consists of two crushing jaws 18, 20. The one crushing jaw is driven by a hydraulic cylindrical 38 from its rear surface to execute a crushing stroke. Two vibration machines 26, 28 are mounted at the same rear surface so that the crushing capability may be improved. Sufficient crushing force is obtd. by these vibration machines and the reduction of the loaded load and the simplification of the constitution are made possible by the dispersion of this force.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a jaw crusher having a charging device for vertically or horizontally charging materials into a crushing chamber that narrows in the flow direction of the crushing chamber, in which the crushing chamber has two crushing jaws. between the crushing jaws, at least one of which has a crushing stroke drive, which drive acts on the rear side of the crushing jaws facing away from the crushing chamber.

0002

[Prior Art] This type of known jaw crusher (DE-
PS 38 03 496) has a rocker bar suspended at one end in the casing of the jaw crusher, which rocker bar has an eccentric drive as the crushing stroke drive. This eccentric drive consists of an electric motor mounted on the crusher, which rotates, via a belt transmission, an eccentric shaft that is laterally equipped with a large rotating mass. This rotational movement is converted from the eccentric shaft into a reciprocating movement, which is transmitted via the pressure plate to the rocker bar of the crushing jaw. Eccentric drives of this type have been found to be effective in crushing hard rocks and crushing recycled materials. However, depending on the drive selected, a correspondingly stable configuration and foundation work are required. Due to the large forces that occur in eccentric drives driven by rotating masses, measures to prevent their overloading require high expenditures. If this measure is neglected, overload destruction of the device will be inevitable when the rocker bar of the crushing jaw is locked. After all, this type of drive device has many exposed moving parts, so there are many points that need to be improved in terms of operational safety.

It is also known to construct eccentric drives of this type in such a way that the driving force is transmitted to the crushing jaws via hydraulic cylinders (DE-OS 15 07 6).
72). In this case, the maximum pressure transmitted is predetermined by the force of an adjustable compression spring device or by the maximum pressure adjustable at the hydraulic cylinder.

Furthermore, jaw crushers with a hydraulic drive are also known (DE-AS 11 2
9 040). In this case too, of course, an overload protection device is required. Because it is a hydraulic drive, it is equipped with a pressure relief valve as an overload prevention device, and if an overload is detected, this valve automatically reduces the pressure load.
Following this, a new crushing process is started.

Needless to say, jaw crushers (double rocker bar crushers, DE-OS
1607 610) is also known. In this case, a member is used as an overload prevention device that transmits the crushing force from one rocker bar to the other rocker bar.

[0006] This type of jaw crusher is used for pre-crushing and post-crushing. In both cases, correspondingly expensive drives have hitherto been considered necessary. Otherwise, the necessary crushing force could not be obtained. These drives impose impulsive and corresponding load loads on the mechanically moving parts, and these loads have to be further transmitted to the housing or the base of the housing. This required a correspondingly stable and expensive design.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to construct a jaw crusher particularly suitable as a post crusher as follows. In other words, while the crushing performance remains the same, the load on the casing and foundation is reduced, and the structure is simpler and easier. This problem is solved by the invention as defined in the claims.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is based on the following new findings. That is, when using a crushing stroke drive device consisting of two vibrators, by arranging the vibrators on the back of the crushing jaws in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the material to be crushed, satisfactory crushing can be achieved at least as a post crusher. This is the knowledge that not only good results are obtained, but also the impact load load is significantly reduced. In particular, the use of two vibrators ensures, on the one hand, a sufficient crushing force for each crushing process, and, on the other hand, different forces with different vibration profiles can be introduced at various points as required. As a result, the load on the casing and foundation can be reduced, which greatly simplifies the construction. This requires the use of one or more vibrators. This is because multiple vibrators work together in terms of crushing force, but various configurations are possible in terms of load application to the casing and foundation.
This is because the situation becomes significantly advantageous.

It goes without saying that it is advantageous to arrange one of the two directly in the area of the crushing chamber outlet gap where the maximum crushing force is exerted. Further, it is preferable that the other vibrator is placed in parallel with the above-mentioned one vibrator, shifted in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the material to be crushed.

Regarding optimization of vibration load loading, furthermore,
It is advantageous if both vibrators each have an unbalance body that can be adjusted independently of one another. In this way, optimization is easily achieved, since the stroke frequency and stroke amplitude of the individual vibrators acting on the crushing jaws at different points with different lever actions are adjusted accordingly.

A further advantage is obtained if the crushing jaw is suspended in the housing via a spring with an adjustable spring force. In this case, another possibility arises of intervening in the vibrational behavior of the jaw crusher via the spring and its reaction force against the crushing force produced by the vibrator. The advantage of using springs is that, within a certain relatively large crushing force range, overload protection devices, which require a corresponding construction outlay, are not required. This is because when the crushing chamber is forced to expand with unbreakable material, the crushing jaws are pushed open against the spring force, and the material is delivered without damaging the crusher.

It is clear that a closed vibrator structure has safety advantages. No exposed belt transmissions or mechanically reciprocating parts, such as in conventional eccentric drive fields, are used in this case. Similarly, the following points are clear. In other words, since the vibrator can be controlled according to the frequency and amplitude, when the jaw crusher is configured as a horizontal crusher, the drive device not only procures crushing force from both vibrators, but also crushes the material to be crushed. pass through the crushing chamber with corresponding amplitude overlap to ensure the flow of the material to be crushed. Moreover, due to the drive by the two vibrators, the charging channel and the discharge channel can also be used for sieving if they are integrated into the system, so that no separate sieving equipment is required. For all such adjustments to be possible, it is important not only to use vibrators, preferably of equal dimensions, and to make the unbalanced body adjustable, but also to be able to influence the direction of rotation of the motor. . By influencing the direction of rotation, corresponding additional configurations are possible. With such a wide variety of configuration possibilities, it is possible to obtain the optimal configuration for the crusher operating mode and rotation with less vibration.

Furthermore, it is also possible for the movable crushing jaw or jaws to be additionally loaded by a hydraulic cylinder. In this case, the crushing jaw is adjusted together with a vibrator mounted on its rear side. The hydraulic cylinder then only adjusts the crushing gap to the demands on the material to be crushed. But besides that,
The crushing force of the vibrator can also be increased if required by means of hydraulic cylinders that additionally act on the crushing jaws. In that case, of course, a pressure relief valve can be used to limit the pressure and prevent overload. If the movable crushing jaw is constructed as a rocker bar, one hydraulic cylinder is sufficient. If the crushing jaws are mounted in a composite manner in the housing, it is also possible for several hydraulic cylinders to act on one crushing jaw.

Further advantages, details and features will become apparent through the following description of the drawings. The following description discloses important points to the invention. The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention in a side view.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The illustrated jaw crusher 10 has a vertical crushing chamber 12 and a charging port 14 provided above. A crushing jaw 18 is fixedly mounted in the housing 10 of the jaw crusher in the illustrated embodiment. Of course, if necessary, use this crushing jaw 1.
8 can also be movably suspended in the casing and can be equipped with a vibrator. Here, however, the vibrator is attached only to the other crushing jaw 20. Crushing jaw 18
, 20 are provided with a replaceable wear member 22. These are such that the crushing chamber 12 is in the flow direction of the material to be crushed.
In other words, it is arranged so that it narrows from top to bottom and is narrowest in the area of the outlet gap 24 located at the bottom.

The movable crushing jaw 20 once again has a wear member 22 on the side facing the crushing chamber. Two vibrators 26 and 28 are attached to the back. The structure of this type of vibrator is known. This vibrator essentially consists of an electric motor, the shaft end of which is guided out of the casing and is provided with an unbalanced body. This unbalanced body is replaceable and fixed on the shaft so that its relative position can be adjusted. If equal unbalanced bodies are arranged diametrically opposite each other at both shaft ends, the vibrator performs a balanced rotation. By adjusting the angular position of the radially arranged weights, the frequency and amplitude can be influenced. These vibration frequencies and amplitudes are
6, 28 directly to the movable crushing jaws 20.

As shown, the vibrator 26 is arranged directly on the crushing jaws 20 in the area of the outlet gap 25. At this time, the axis of the vibrator is located parallel to the plane of the jaws 20 and perpendicular to the flow direction of the material to be crushed. The second vibrator 28 is disposed immediately adjacent to the first vibrator 26 and is located closer to the charging port 14 when viewed from the outlet gap 24. The second vibrator is therefore arranged offset in a direction opposite to the flow of the material to be crushed. In other respects, the arrangement is similar to that of vibrator 26. Therefore, the straight line connecting the axes of both vibrators 26 and 28 is parallel to the jaw 20.

The vibrators can be of different sizes, but are preferably of equal size as shown. Since these vibrators have different areas of action on the jaw 20, they naturally have different effects on the motion behavior of the jaw 20. Furthermore, the vibrators 26, 28 are adjustable independently of each other, so that the crushing force, crushing stroke and crushing frequency can be adjusted, and conveyance of the material to be crushed in the flow direction can be assisted by the overlap of the amplitudes. This kind of support is less important in the case of a vertical crushing chamber 12, but in the case of a horizontal crushing chamber 12 a chain conveyor can be replaced, for example.

The crushing jaws 20 are suspended within the casing 16 of the jaw crusher via two spring packages, namely springs 30 and 32. These springs can also be adjusted (see diagram) in such a way that they are loaded with a corresponding preload (see diagram) and thus have an additional influence on the vibration behavior of the crushing jaws 20 under the influence of the drive of the vibrators 26, 28. can give.

As shown, the spring 30 acts in a direction that is an extension of a straight line connecting the axes of both vibrators 26, 28. Therefore, the spring 30 also
It is located behind and parallel to this jaw 20 and, as shown, above the vibrators 26 and 28.

The other spring 32 acts on the crushing jaws 20 in a direction of action perpendicular to the spring 30. At this time, the spring 32 is located perpendicular to the center point of the straight line connecting the axes of the vibrators 26 and 28. Spring 3 for crushing jaws 20
The point of action of 2 is therefore located at the rear of the crushing jaws, between the vibrators 26, 28, as can be seen in the figure.

It goes without saying that the springs 30, 32 are a pair and act on the crushing chamber from outside the crushing chamber. The spring 32 also, as shown, acts externally on the crushing jaw 18 and thus exits the crushing jaw 20 and enters the crushing chamber 1.
It can be arranged outside of 2. The two springs 30, 32, or several corresponding springs, are correspondingly supported on the housing 16 of the jaw crusher.

The following can be further understood from the drawings. That is, the jaw 20 has a bent portion 34 at its lower end,
The piston rod 36 of the hydraulic cylinder 38 is located at this bent portion.
is working. The hydraulic cylinder 38 has a current connection 40 for supplying power to the valve installed therein.

The hydraulic cylinder 38 is arranged horizontally as shown. If the crushing jaw 20 is configured as a rocker bar and is suspended at its upper end, the hydraulic cylinder 38 moves the crushing jaw 18 towards the crushing jaw 20, thereby narrowing the outlet gap 24. , or the crushing force applied to the material to be crushed passing through the crushing chamber 12 is increased. The hydraulic cylinder 38 is therefore
Perform basic adjustment, and for this basic adjustment both vibrators 26,
28 crushing actions are overlapped.

Depending on the suspension type of the movable crushing jaw 20, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 38 may be provided to act on the crushing jaw 20 at appropriate locations. Similarly, the hydraulic cylinder 38 may be provided with an overload protection device in the form of a pressure relief valve, as is customary.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of one embodiment of a jaw crusher according to the invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Jaw crusher 12 Crushing chamber 14 Charging port 16 Jaw crusher casing 18 Crushing jaws 20 Crushing jaws 22 Wear member 24 Outlet gap 26 Vibrator 28 Vibrator 30 Spring 32 Spring 34 Bent part 36 Piston rod 38 Hydraulic cylinder 40 Current connection part

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A jaw crusher having a charging device for vertically or horizontally charging a material to be crushed into a crushing chamber (12) narrowing in the flow direction, wherein the crushing chamber (12) has two crushing jaws. (18, 20), at least one of these crushing jaws is provided with a crushing stroke drive, which drive acts on the back side of the crushing jaws on the side opposite to the crushing chamber. Jaw crusher of the type, characterized in that the crushing stroke drive consists of two vibrators (26, 28), which vibrators are arranged side by side on the back side of the crushing jaws (18). 2. One of the vibrators (26, 28) is located immediately adjacent to the outlet gap (24) of the crushing chamber (12), and the other is adjacent to the crushing chamber and opposite to the flow direction of the material to be crushed. The jaw crusher according to claim 1, wherein the jaw crusher is arranged so as to be shifted in the direction. 3. Jaw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the two vibrators (26, 28) are each provided with an unbalance body that can be adjusted independently of one another. 4. According to claim 1, at least one hydraulic cylinder (38) acting in the direction of narrowing the outlet gap additionally acts on the crushing jaws. Jaw crusher. 5. Claim 1, characterized in that the crushing jaws (18) are suspended in the housing (16) of the jaw crusher via springs (30, 32) with an adjustable spring force. The jaw crusher according to any one of items 4 to 4. 6. The crushing jaw (18) with the vibrator (26, 28) is suspended in the casing (16) of the jaw crusher via two springs or a spring device. The jaw crusher described in 5. 7. Jaw crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that both springs or spring arrangements are arranged in mutually perpendicular lines of action. [Claim 8] A claim characterized in that one of the springs (30) acts on the crushing jaw (18) in a state in which it is aligned with a straight line connecting the wave center points of both vibrators (26, 28). Jaw crusher according to item 7. 9. The jaw crusher according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the other spring (32) acts in a direction perpendicular to a straight line connecting the wave center points of both vibrators (26, 28). . Claim 10: The point of action is on both vibrators (26, 2
10. The jaw crusher according to claim 9, wherein the jaw crusher is located in the middle between 8) and 8).