RU2816720C1 - Spatial covering of tent type on polygonal plane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to spatial covering of frame buildings. Spatial covering of tent type on polygonal plan includes tent enclosure and frame with arrangement of inclined rods in tiers, connected to each other in pairs with rigid conjugation in nodes. To the inclined rods connection assemblies in the upper part of one tier the upper tier rods lower ends are attached, forming equal angles between the axis of the upper rod and the axes of the lower rods. At that, the rods connection assemblies have retainers in the form of screw ties and two planks fixed to the rods near the assembly.

EFFECT: increased operational reliability of covering.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and concerns prefabricated frame buildings and structures for various purposes [E04B 1/00, E04B 1/342, E04B 1/343, E04B 1/36, E04H 15/00, E04H 15/48].

From the state of the art there is known the FRAMEWORK OF A FASTLY EMPLOYED STRUCTURE AND THE METHOD OF ITS INSTALLATION [RU 2 564 292 C1, publ.: 09/27/2015], the frame includes hingedly connected elements of an arched-frame structure in the form of belts with braces, forming cells of four-bar mechanisms, support hinges and a central hinge located above the support hinges. The cells of four-bar mechanisms are formed by elements of chords and ascending braces, and adjacent cells are combined into a kinematic chain in such a way that they have common elements in the form of ascending braces, and descending braces are located along the diagonals of the four-bar cells.

GEODESIC DOMES WITH REDUCED STAND LENGTH VARIATIONS are known in the prior art [US 2008307720 A1, published: 12/18/2008], in accordance with an aspect of one embodiment, the geodesic dome includes struts and connecting hubs, the hubs including end connection points spacers at more than one radial distance from the center of the hubs. The difference in such radial distances compensates for the prior art difference in the lengths required for bracing at various points in the structure.

From the prior art there is known a FRAMEWORK, NON-ROUND IN PLAN FOR A DOME-SHAPED STRUCTURE [RU 194570 U1, publ.: 12/16/2019], which is made as a dome-shaped structure, non-circular in plan, consists of two semi-domes, each of which contains evenly spaced along the perimeter of the corresponding semi-domes are composite meridional arched ribs made of elements joined at their ends at an angle to each other. The two half-domes are connected to each other by means of an upper central horizontal beam, which receives the upper central supporting elements of the half-domes, made in the form of half-disks. The upper central horizontal beam serves as support for additional composite arched ribs, held together by horizontal purlins and forming the lateral frame structures. Horizontal purlins are connected to meridional arched ribs and additional arched ribs. Horizontal purlins are located on both sides of each of the meridional arched ribs and additional arched ribs so that they form concentrically located ovals in the plan.

The closest in technical essence is the FOLDING TENT FRAMEWORK [US 4074682 A, publ.: 02/21/1978], containing an awning fencing and a frame with inclined rods arranged in tiers, connected in pairs with a rigid interface at the nodes.

The main technical problem of the analogues and the prototype is the insufficient reliability of the structure, which affects the load-bearing capacity of the assembled structure. In addition, the above known solutions are distinguished by their significant multi-element nature.

The main objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogues and the prototype.

The technical result consists in providing the ability to create a reliable spatial tent-type covering on a polygonal plan.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan, including a tent fencing and a frame with inclined rods arranged in tiers, connected in pairs with a rigid connection at the nodes, characterized in that the joints of the inclined rods in the upper parts of one tier are attached to the lower ends of the rods of the upper tier, forming equal angles between the axis of the upper rod and the axes of the lower rods.

In particular, the rod connection nodes have clamps in the form of screw ties and two strips attached to the rods near the node.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a drawing of a three-dimensional top view of a tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan.

Figure 2 shows a three-dimensional drawing of one of the options for implementing a tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan with a mounted horizontal rod 7.

Figure 3 shows a front view of one of the embodiments of the connection unit 6 in detachable form.

Figure 4 shows a right view of one of the embodiments of connection node 6.

Figure 5 shows a rear view of one of the embodiments of the connection node 6.

Fig. 6 shows a layout of a tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan according to the embodiment of Fig. 2.

The figures indicate: 1 - support nodes, 2 - first tier, 3 - second tier, 4 - third tier, 5 - inclined rods, 6 - connection nodes, 7 - horizontal rod, 8 - tee, 9 - sleeve, 10 - hole , 11 – screw tie, 12 – strips, 13 – hook, 14 – bolt, 15 – hook, 16 – hook, 17 – eyes, 18 – rigging cables, 19 – attachment points.

Implementation of the invention.

A tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains support units 1, mounted along the perimeter to the supporting surface, the first 2, second 3 and third 4 tiers.

In the inventive tent-type spatial covering, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the support units 1 are mounted along the perimeter to the supporting surface. The support units 1 are designed to mount the base of a self-supporting tent-type frame of a prefabricated structure to the foundation or ground.

The first 2, second 3 and third 4 tiers are formed by inclined rods 5 (they are inclined in relation to the supporting surface) connected to each other through connection nodes 6.

The lower ends of the inclined rods 5 of the second tier 3 are attached to the connection nodes 6 of the inclined rods 5 in the upper part of the first tier 2, forming equal angles between the axis of the inclined rods 5 of the second tier 3 and the axes of the inclined rods 5 of the first tier 2. Here, the first tier 2 is the lower one, and the second tier 3 is upper in relation to the supporting surface.

The lower ends of the inclined rods 5 of the third tier 4 are attached to the connection nodes 6 of the inclined rods 5 in the upper part of the second tier 3, forming equal angles between the axis of the inclined rods 5 of the third tier 4 and the axes of the inclined rods 5 of the second tier 3. Here, the second tier 3 is the lower one, and the third tier 4 is upper in relation to the supporting surface.

The proposed design can have various versions.

Figure 1 shows that the ends of the horizontal (relative to the supporting surface) rod 7 of the third tier 4 are attached to the connection nodes 6 of the inclined rods 5 in the upper part of the third tier 4.

One of the implementation options for the proposed tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan is shown in Fig.2.

Here, the inclined rods 4 in the upper part of the third tier 4 are connected to each other in the connection unit 6.

Moreover, the second tier 3 represents the middle part of the walls, and the third tier 4 is the roof of the tent-type spatial covering.

The inclined 5 and horizontal 7 rods are rods with eyes and holes at the ends, and their different names in the description of the application are used to understand the technical solution and are determined only by their location in the structure.

The connection nodes 6 of the above-mentioned tent-type spatial covering rods can be made in accordance with Fig.3-Fig.5 using tees 8.

The tee 8 has bushings 9 (see Fig. 3), which, at the junctions of the rods, are associated with the bottom and edge sections of the holes 10 mounted at the ends of the above-mentioned rods.

Figures 4 and 5 show the clamp of the connection unit 6, made using a screw tie 11 and two strips 12.

Moreover, the screw tie 11 and strips 12 are located along the ends of the above-mentioned rods so that their subsequent connection to each other is parallel to the sleeve 9.

The fastening of the screw tie 11 to one of the above-mentioned rods is carried out by connecting the hook 13 of the screw tie 11 and the bolt 14 mounted through the eye (not shown in the figures) of the above-mentioned rod.

The fastening of the strips 12 to the above-mentioned rods is carried out by connecting the hooks 15 of the strips 12 and bolts 14, mounted through the eyes (not shown in the figures) of the above-mentioned rods.

The fastening of the screw tie 11 and the slats 12 to each other is carried out by the hook 16 of the screw tie 11 and the eyes 17 of the slats 12.

Moreover, the connection nodes 6 of the tent-type spatial covering (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) can be made in the form of gussets with bolted connections, corners, etc.

Rigging cables 18 are used for the stability of the structure.

Rigging cables 18 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2) can be made of steel cables, ropes, etc.

The rigging cables 18 are fastened to the inclined rods 5 using lugs (not shown in the figures) mounted on the ends of the inclined rods 5.

The attachment points 19 of the rigging cables 18 are made using hooks, clamp-connectors, turnbuckles, cable clamps, anchors, etc.

Moreover, the implementation of the proposed design is not limited to three tiers.

The installation method of the proposed tent-type spatial covering is performed as follows.

The structural elements of the tent-type spatial covering are delivered to the construction site.

First, plan the location (layout) of the structure.

Support nodes 1 are fixed to the ground or other foundation (not shown in the figures).

Installation of the inventive tent-type spatial covering (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) begins with the installation of support units 1 at an equal distance from each other along the perimeter to the supporting surface.

Further from the support nodes 1 in an ascending and alternate manner, installation and installation are performed using connection nodes 6 and clamps of inclined rods 5 of the first 2 tier, second tier 3 and third tier 4, as well as installation between the first 2, second 3 and third 4 tiers of rigging cables 18 with fastening points 19.

A tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan can be made from a variety of materials, for example, profiled metal structures, lightweight profiles or pipes, wooden beams, etc.

The inventive structure is installed using a crane or manually when it is implemented from lightweight materials.

To repair a tent-type spatial covering, no more than three of the above-mentioned rods, as well as two connection units 6, may be removed from one segment at a time.

All of the above-mentioned rods are identical and interchangeable, they are rods with eyes and holes at the ends, and their different names in the description of the application are used to understand the technical solution and are determined only by their location in the structure.

In 2022, the author of this application completed a model of a tent-type spatial covering (see Fig. 6). Figure 6 shows a layout where a tent-type spatial covering is made in accordance with Figure 2 and covered with fabric material.

The coating used is made mainly from polyamide, polyester and mixed fabrics or polyolefin materials. It is worth noting that the arches and exit vestibules are made separately from the tent-type spatial covering. Arches and vestibules of exits can be made of either an arc or combined ribs of metal or plastic alloys. The implementation of exits without vestibules may require the absence of rigid arch ribs.

All of the above-mentioned rods of the first 2, second 3 and third 4 tiers are made of identical rods connected on the first 2 and second 3 tiers along the perimeter by rigging cables 18, therefore, when disassembled, the tent-type spatial covering (Fig. 2, Fig. 6) is ergonomic during installation and transportation.

The technical result, which consists in providing the possibility of creating a reliable spatial covering of a tent type on a polygonal plan, is realized by creating a spatial covering of a tent type, which has high operational manufacturability and maintainability, which are achieved:

- through the use of standardized elements - the above-mentioned rods, made in the form of rods of the same size and interchangeable in the design, which leads to unification and simplification of production, assembly and repair of the structure;

- the tent-type spatial covering is self-supporting and in order to repair (replace) one of the elements there is no need to disassemble the entire structure, the load when removing an element from the structure is redistributed to adjacent elements due to connection nodes 6;

- through the use of connection nodes 6 of the above-mentioned rods, which have clamps in the form of screw ties 11 and two strips 12 (for each connection node 6).

In addition, the absence of large parts makes it easier to produce parts and transport them.

Claims (1)

A tent-type spatial covering on a polygonal plan, including an awning fencing and a frame with inclined rods arranged in tiers, connected in pairs with a rigid connection at the nodes, characterized in that the lower ends of the rods are attached to the joints of the pairwise inclined rods in the upper part of one tier the upper tier, forming equal angles between the axis of the upper rod and the axes of the lower rods, while the nodes of the rod connections have clamps in the form of screw ties and two strips attached to the rods near the node.