RU2816191C1 - Method of distributing fodder when growing replacement young stock of meat chickens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely to poultry farming, and may be used for distribution of fodder during replacement young stock of meat chickens. Distribution of fodder in standard windowless rooms is carried out at night. Fodder is distributed to young meat chickens aged 28 days.

EFFECT: invention usage will make it possible to increase efficiency of fodder usage and to preserve livestock of replacement chickens.

1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to industrial poultry farming for raising poultry of meat breeds and crosses, and can also be used for egg poultry.

It is known that with extensive methods of running the industry, poultry is fed with natural feed, taking into account the nutritional standards of the diet. Feed is distributed multiple times and in a separate state. In particular, the chickens are given grain at night, in the morning they are fed a dry feed mixture, and in the evening - sprouted soaked grain, and then dry grain. Whole grains are given only in feeders. In the summer, food is distributed both on paddocks and indoors. Mineral supplements are fed only in feeders. Salt is used as part of the feed mixture or in water.

When raised in cages, food begins to be distributed from the upper tier, (C-169) so that the birds in the lower tiers do not see the food and do not worry. Young birds are given food 2-3 times a day with wet mash, once with grain and 1-2 times with dry (C-184) dry feed mixtures.

Feeding front - all birds should approach the feed at the same time.

A. A. Prevost recommends distributing food in the morning 1/3 of the daily requirement, at 12 o'clock - wet mash and chopped greens, at 14-17 o'clock - wet mash (leavened) and at 18-20 o'clock the rest in the form of a grain mixture ( S-177). (Agricultural poultry / edited by E.E. Penionzhkevich. Volume 2. From agricultural literature, magazines and posters. - M., 1962. - P. 163-177.)

The disadvantage of this method of distributing food is that in the process of distributing food both on the floor and in the cage, the bird is very worried and strives to reach the food faster, while a strong bird will consume more food than a weak one, which will reach the food later.

The closest in technical essence to the stated one is the method of distributing feed during industrial methods of growing replacement young meat poultry. (Epimakhova E. E., Samokin N.V., Abilov B.T. Textbook. / Intensive feeding of poultry. Stavropol State Agrarian University: Stavropol, 2017.)

Rated feeding of replacement young meat poultry is carried out with a single feed distribution per day or one fasting day per week is used. The frequency of feed distribution with full mechanization and automation is determined by the amount of feed and the system of mechanisms while observing the light regime. In this case, replacement young meat poultry are given food in the morning once a day. In cage and floor cultivation methods, chain (with a movable flat working chain) and bunker (with one- or two-sided mobile feed dispenser) feed distribution are used. Feeding is carried out in feeders in the form of a trough or pipe, inside which the feed is moved by various working parts - a spiral, a rope with disks, a chain.

The configuration of the feed lines can be circular (contour) or linear (end). Some designs provide for reverse movement of the working body to increase the uniformity of feed distribution to the birds. For floor housing, it is possible to use intermediate storage bins (hoppers) on feed distribution lines (circuits). Longitudinal grooved feeders (external or internal), as well as cup or plate-type round or oval feeders with operational bunkers, including inside cages, are used. The filling of the feeders (maximum 3/4 of the volume) is regulated by the speed of feed distribution (on average 10-30 m per minute), the displacement of the discharge opening in the supply pipes, as well as the size of the feed window in the feeders in width and height. In cage batteries there is a minimum gap in front of the remote feeder for day-old chicks is 18 mm. As the bird grows, it is increased to 70 mm for an adult bird. It is optimal for poultry, egg and meat crosses to distribute feed within 10-20 minutes, depending on the technical capabilities of the equipment, including physical wear. Feeding regimes - daily feeding rate, number of feedings per day and feeding time are determined by the technologist depending on the recommendations for the maintenance of the cross-breed poultry used. It is important to ensure the fastest and most uniform filling of feeders, thereby eliminating selective consumption of feed by birds and the feeding rush of birds.

The disadvantage of these methods is that when distributing food in the light mode, the bird gets excited and tends to approach the food faster; when the chain distribution moves, the food is consumed unevenly by the bird and the longer the dispensing mechanism, the worse the quality of the food will be by the end of distribution, since earlier it has already been consumed.

The objective of the claimed invention is to develop a method for more uniform access of young animals to feed

The problem is solved by the fact that in the method of distributing feed when raising replacement young meat chickens, in which the distribution of feed to poultry according to the invention is carried out in the dark phase of the light regime.

This method of distributing feed when raising 20 thousand replacement young meat chickens in windowless standard rooms with adjustable light conditions and a differentiated microclimate on deep permanent litter using trough feeders. The birds were raised from one day to 133 days of age. The growing conditions for the control and experimental groups were the same and met the standards. Temperature, humidity, air gas composition, light mode, ventilation were controlled by the Viper Touch ot Big Dutchman automatic microclimate control system. The birds were fed once a day with complete feed containing a set of all necessary nutrients, biologically active substances and mineral supplements according to the standards recommended by Aviagen LLC.

From 28 days of age, feed was distributed during the light period of poultry rearing (control group); in the experimental group, feed was distributed during the dark period.

Data on poultry productivity and physiological state are given in the table.

Index Feed distribution photoperiod (control) dark period (experience) Birds reared, heads. 19256 19491 Live weight at the age of 133 days, g 2335±51.3 2476±52.1 Average daily live weight gain, g 17.2 18.5 Safety of young animals, % 95.6 97.2 Feed costs per 1 kg of gain, kg 4.5 4.2 Herd uniformity, %: at 28 days of age 41.0 42.0 at 133 days of age 84.0 95.0

Analysis of this table indicates that distributing feed to poultry in trough feeders during dark hours does not lead to a decrease in live weight and average daily gain, but at the same time increases the uniformity of the herd and the conversion of feed into products compared to distributing feed during daylight hours.

Thus, the proposed method of distributing feed in the dark when raising replacement young meat chickens makes it possible to increase productive performance, reduce feed costs for live weight gain and improve the physiological state of the flock.

Claims (1)

A method of distributing feed when raising replacement young meat chickens, including distribution of feed carried out in the dark for replacement young meat chickens that have reached the age of 28 days.