RU2812031C1 - Vessel module for destruction of ice cover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; water transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for destroying ice cover and its structure. The vessel module for destroying ice cover is made in the form of a double-mouldboard plough, which has a main blade in the centre, as well as side wings located behind the main blade. A double-shaft plough, in profile, has a lower nose part extended forward, a central working part placed at an angle, and an upper protective part with edges turned towards the nose part. At the edges of the side wings there are auxiliary knives located in the area of the central working part.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of the vessel module for destroying ice cover is achieved while simplifying the design.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding and water transport, in particular to a device for breaking ice cover and its design with improved characteristics of breaking ice when sailing in ice of varying thickness.

Problems with navigation in the winter season greatly limit transport accessibility along the river and sea routes, since severe ice cover severely limits or does not allow many vessels to carry out transportation.

From the prior art, the solution RU 172029 U1, 06.26.2017 is known, revealing an icebreaker having a hull consisting of a cylindrical central part, a stern part with a propulsion system and a bow part with an inclined stem, on both sides of the inclined stem on the contours of the bow part of the hull there are horizontal and vertical ice teeth in the shape of a triangular pyramid, their size, number and placement depend on the size and shape of the bow contours of the vessel and the thickness of the ice in the navigation area, the top row of ice teeth is located at the water level in order to destroy the upper most durable layer of ice, Moreover, the number of ice teeth in horizontal rows depends on the length of the bow contours, so that the cylindrical part of the hull does not jam in the ice channel, and the number of horizontal rows is sufficient for layer-by-layer destruction of the ice along its entire thickness.

The disadvantage of this device is its weak icebreaking capabilities, the path being blocked by ice floes, and the impossibility of adjusting/adjusting the installation height of the icebreaking elements.

As the closest analogue, the solution chosen was RU 2213675 C2, 10.10.2003, revealing an icebreaking attachment to a vessel for destroying ice cover, containing a frame, where the frame is wedge-shaped, the skin of the frame forms cheekbones in the form of a double-sided plow with an upper ice-breaking ridge, designed for lifting, breaking off, turning and moving separated pieces of ice cover under the walls of the formed shipping channel, and the attachment is equipped with at least one collector with nozzles connected to the heat generator, at least one nozzle is intended for longitudinal cutting of the ice cover, and the second - for making a cut at an angle to the surface of the water, wherein at least one of the mentioned nozzles is equipped with a swirler designed to impart a rotational movement to the flow of water, steam-water mixture or steam, and the attachment is equipped with at least one sliding contact included in the electrical circuit , for example, a ski, under a collector with nozzles designed to destroy the ice cover by applying an electric current through the ice cover and water.

The disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of its design and lack of efficiency, since the pattern of ice movement under the walls of the formed shipping channel is questionable.

The objective of the proposed invention is to eliminate these disadvantages.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the vessel module for destroying ice cover while simplifying the design.

This result is ensured by the fact that the module of the vessel for destroying the ice cover is made in the form of a double-mouldboard plow, having a main blade in the center, as well as side wings located behind the main blade,

in this case, the double-mouldboard plow, in profile, has a lower nose part extended forward, a central working part placed at an angle and an upper protective part with edges turned towards the nose part,

and, on the edges of the side wings there are auxiliary knives located in the area of the central working part.

The central working part, in profile, is placed at an angle in the range of 30-75° from the horizontal.

Auxiliary knives, in profile, repeat the shape of the bow and central working part of a double moldboard plow.

The side wings are connected from the inside of the double moldboard plow by stiffening ribs.

We will consider the detailed design of the device taking into account the attached drawings, where

Fig. 1 - module of a vessel for destroying ice cover in isometry,

Fig. 2 - module of a vessel for destroying ice cover, front view,

Fig. 3 - module of a vessel for destroying ice cover, side view (in profile),

Fig. 4 is an example of installing the device on a watercraft.

Where, position:

1 - double moldboard plow;

2 - main knife;

3 - side wing;

4 - bow;

5 - working part;

6 - protective part;

7 - auxiliary knife;

The module of the vessel for destroying the ice cover is made in the form of a double-mouldboard plow 1. The module is made of metal, preferably corrosion-resistant metal of sufficient thickness to overcome the weight and effort when exposed to ice.

The vessel module for destroying the ice cover has a main knife 2 located in the center, at the point where the side wings 3 of the double moldboard plow 1 are brought together. This main knife 2 performs the task of lifting the ice from below and splitting it.

The side wings 3 are located behind the main knife 2 at an angle of no more than 120°. The side wings 3 can be connected from the inside of the double moldboard plow 1 by stiffening ribs, excluding the inward collapse of the side wings 3. The angle of the side wings 3 (plow sweep) is selected based on the size of the craft, the place of its use, the approximate thickness of the ice and other factors. The side wings 3 protect the vessel from damage, and also ensure the formation of a sufficient width of the path formed by the watercraft to ensure the free passage of the watercraft and other watercraft that can follow behind along the made path.

Double-shaft plow 1 in profile (Fig. 3) has a lower, forward-extended nose part 4, a central working part 5 placed at an angle, and an upper protective part 6 with edges turned towards the nose part 4.

The lower, forward-extended bow part 4 of the double-mouldboard plow 1 should be located on the craft below the depth of ice freezing, since it does not pierce the ice, but pry it from the bottom up to ensure breaking of the ice. The nose part 4 lifts the ice, and the main knife 2 splits it. Ice at the lower freezing point is looser and more fragile because it is in contact with water that has a positive temperature. Accordingly, hacking it from the bottom up is easier for the watercraft used by this proposed module. In addition, when breaking ice with the proposed module, there is no resistance to water pressure from above (as is the case with known icebreakers). So, when there is pressure on the ice from above, the water acts as a base to hold it and prevent it from breaking. This circumstance complicates the process of breaking ice in known designs of icebreakers and watercraft equipped with icebreaking modules, where the main load on the ice is directed from top to bottom. The proposed design of the nose part 4 ensures increased efficiency of the device while maintaining simplicity of design.

Double-shaft plow 1 in profile (Fig. 3), after the bow part 4 goes into the central working part 5, placed at an angle in the range of 30-75° from the horizontal. The working part 5 takes over the broken pieces of ice and redirects them along the side wings 3 to the sides. The angle of installation of the working part 5 ensures the lifting of the ice floes, their final breaking at the base and their throwing onto the ice surface, due to the double-dump design, thereby clearing the path of ice and increasing the efficiency of the device while simultaneously simplifying the design.

Double-shaft plow 1 in profile (Fig. 3) has an upper protective part 6, having edges turned towards the bow part 4. This protective part 6 protects the craft from ice fragments, which, when breaking the ice cover, can fly up to a great height. The protective part 6, due to the presence of the edge turned towards the nose part 4, reflects (throws back) pieces of ice forward, thereby fulfilling its function and increasing the efficiency of the device while at the same time simplifying the design.

At the edges of the side wings 3 there are auxiliary knives 7 located in the area of the central working part 5. Auxiliary knives 7, in profile, as a rule, repeat the shape of the nose part 4 and the central working part 5 of the double moldboard plow 1. Auxiliary knives 7 break off the ice along the edges , destroying the layer, working together with the main knife 2, ensuring simultaneous lifting of the ice floe and its breaking off along the chip line from the auxiliary knives 7.

The device works as follows.

The vessel module for destroying ice cover is installed on an icebreaker, pusher, or other suitable watercraft with the ability to adjust the height of the module.

The edge of the bow of module 4 descends to the depth of ice freezing.

The boat starts moving.

The vessel module for destroying the ice cover comes into operation:

- the bow part 4 pries and cuts the ice from the bottom up and directs it to the main knife 2, passing through the center of the double moldboard plow 1, which also cuts the ice.

- at the same time, auxiliary knives 7 placed on the edges of the side wings 3 in the area of the central working part 5 cut the raised ice.

The impact of the main knife 2 and auxiliary knives 7 on the ice leads to its even chipping across the width of the double moldboard plow 1.

Next, the pieces of ice, through the central working part 5, which receives the broken pieces of ice, are redirected along the side wings 3 to the sides and thrown (thrown back) onto the ice, due to the double-dump design, thereby clearing the path of ice.

After the watercraft stops, the vessel module rises upward to destroy the ice cover.

Example 1

The vessel module for destroying the ice cover is made in the form of a double-mouldboard plow 1,

double moldboard plow 1 has a main knife 2 in the center, as well as side wings 3 located behind the main knife 2,

double moldboard plow 1, in profile, has a lower bow part 4 extended forward, a central working part 5 placed at an angle of 75° from the horizontal and an upper protective part 6 having edges turned towards the nose part 4,

on the edges of the side wings 3 there are auxiliary knives 7 located in the area of the central working part 5,

Example 2

The vessel module for destroying the ice cover is made in the form of a double-mouldboard plow 1,

double moldboard plow 1 has a main knife 2 in the center, as well as side wings 3 located behind the main knife 2,

side wings 3 are connected from the inside to each other by stiffening ribs,

double moldboard plow 1, in profile, has a lower bow part 4 extended forward, a central working part 5 placed at an angle of 30° from the horizontal and an upper protective part 6 having edges turned towards the nose part 4,

At the edges of the side wings 3 there are auxiliary knives 7 placed in the area of the central working part 5, while the auxiliary knives 7, in profile, repeat the shape of the nose part 4 and the central working part 5 of the double moldboard plow 1.

The proposed solution improves the efficiency of the vessel module for destroying ice cover while simplifying the design.

Claims (6)

1. A vessel module for destroying ice cover, characterized in that it is made in the form of a double-mouldboard plow having a main blade in the center, as well as side wings located behind the main blade, in this case, the double-mouldboard plow, in profile, has a lower nose part extended forward, a central working part placed at an angle, and an upper protective part with edges turned towards the nose part, At the edges of the side wings there are auxiliary knives located in the area of the central working part. 2. The vessel module according to claim 1, characterized in that the central working part, in profile, is placed at an angle in the range of 30-75° from the horizontal. 3. The vessel module according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary knives, in profile, repeat the shape of the bow and the central working part of the double moldboard plow. 4. The vessel module according to claim 1, characterized in that the side wings are connected from the inside of the double-mouldboard plow by stiffening ribs.

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