RU2811582C2 - Device for preventing spread and extinguishing of fire - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment.

SUBSTANCE: device for preventing the spread of a fire and extinguishing it. The device contains a protective flexible fire-resistant mesh wound on a cylindrical drum installed in the upper part of the racking structure and equipped with a weight-weight in the lower part, vertical side guides to ensure unwinding of the mesh, while the mesh along the entire unwinding length is equipped with transverse rigid ones installed on it at intervals elements made of non-combustible material in the form of plates, equipped with hooks for interaction with the flanged edges of the vertical guides, the device also contains sprayers aimed at each tier of the rack structure, a pipeline system for supplying fire extinguishing agent to the sprayers, and fire sensors for smoke and flame, while the mesh made with the ability to ensure penetration of fire extinguishing agent supplied through sprayers through it in the unwound state. The device can be used in warehouses for storing aerosol packages, perfumes, paints and materials, as well as packages containing flammable and combustible liquids. The presence of vertical guides and transverse elements that impart rigidity to the mesh prevents the scattering of ignited pyrotechnic elements and thereby limits the area of the fire, and the mesh itself does not prevent penetration of the fire extinguishing agent through its plane.

EFFECT: device operates automatically without the participation of maintenance personnel and can be controlled from a stationary or remote control panel.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire-fighting equipment. namely, fire-resistant curtains used, for example, in warehouses for storing pyrotechnic products of hazard class II, III with low flight energy up to 20 J, localizing the fire inside the warehouse shelving structure and preventing the spread of fire when products scatter across the adjacent area of the warehouse. The device can be used in warehouses for storing aerosol packages, perfumes, paints and materials, as well as packages containing flammable and combustible liquids.

A fire retardant device is known (patent RU 26748 U1, class A62C 2/10, published on December 20, 2002 Bulletin No. 35), containing one or more layers of fire-resistant material made of basalt and/or silicon fibers and/or combinations thereof, made in the form curtain or curtains, or blinds. A device installed in the openings of a building can be used as an obstacle to the spread of fire and combustion products.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of automatic or remote control for closing the opening, which narrows the scope of use of the device, not allowing its use in automatic fire extinguishing systems. In addition, this device cannot be used offline, without human intervention, which also limits its scope of application.

Another analogue, similar in technical essence, is a fire barrier (variants) (patent RU 2339418 class A62C 2/10, published on November 27, 2008, bulletin No. 33).

The technical result of this invention is to provide the possibility of using it in an autonomous mode, without human intervention, as well as providing the possibility of using it as part of a fire protection system, or remotely controlled via a remote control.

This result is achieved by the fact that vertical side guide curtains with mechanisms for sealing the side edges of the curtain fabric, a weighting agent fixed in the bottom of the curtain, and at least two stops located in the upper part of the guides for holding the folded curtain.

The disadvantage of the invention is the inertia of the model and the lack of a device for extinguishing a fire.

Other analogues of the invention were also considered: fire curtain (patent RU 2243796 C2, class A62C 2/10, published 01/10/2005, bulletin 1); a method of fire protection of open openings and a device for localizing a fire (patent RU 2330699 C2, class A62C 2/10, published on August 10, 2008, bulletin 22): fire arrester (patent RU 2369419 class A62C 4/00, published on 10.10. 2009, Bulletin 28); fire barrier (patent RU 2630440 class A62C 2/00, published 09/07/2017, bulletin 25); fire barrier screen (patent RU 198057 class A62C 2/10, published 06.16.2020, bulletin No. 17).

These technical solutions have the disadvantages described above. In addition, they do not have devices for detecting and extinguishing fires.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed technical solution is a fire barrier screen (patent RU 198057 class A62C 2/10, published 06/16/2020, bulletin 17), adopted as a prototype.

The fire barrier screen consists of a housing in which a non-flammable sheet attached to the upper and lower sides of the housing is placed with metal plates attached to its sides and connected to each other by a rivet. The upper part of the housing is located in the upper part of the window opening on the inside of the building, while the upper and lower parts of the housing are connected to each other by at least two hot-melt inserts made of polymer material, which collapse when heated to a temperature of 70-90°C. In the lower part of the screen body along its central axis there is a pressing spring mechanism with a spring elastic force exceeding the total mechanical strength of the hot-melt elements to impart inertia force when opening the screen under thermal influence on it.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inertia of its operation, as well as the lack of a fire detection and fire extinguishing system. In addition, there is no justification for the impermeability of flame through non-flammable fabric.

The proposed device is free from these disadvantages.

The purpose of the proposed technical solution is to detect a fire, localize the source of fire by preventing the scattering of ignited products and their elements across the adjacent area of the warehouse by means of a lowered protective mesh, and extinguish the source of fire inside the rack structure.

This goal is achieved in that the device for preventing the spread of a fire and extinguishing it contains a protective flexible fire-resistant mesh wound on a cylindrical drum installed in the upper part of the rack structure and equipped with

in the lower part with a weighting material. The device is equipped with vertical side guides located on the side walls of the protected racking structure to ensure the unwinding of the mesh, and in order to prevent the scattering of ignited products and their elements due to the reactive force (for example, pyrotechnic products with low flight energy up to 20 J). To increase the transverse rigidity of the mesh and increase its protective properties, the mesh along the entire unwinding length is equipped with transverse rigid elements made of non-combustible material in the form of plates installed on it at intervals, equipped with hooks for interacting with the flanged edges of the vertical guides. The device also contains sprayers directed at each tier of the rack structure, a pipeline system for supplying fire extinguishing agent to the sprayers, and fire sensors for smoke and flame, while the mesh is configured to ensure the penetration of fire extinguishing agent supplied through the sprayers through it when unwound.

The calculations performed showed that in order to prevent the spread of fire and the scattering of burning, for example, pyrotechnic products over the adjacent area, the mesh cell (the critical diameter of the channel of the fire-retarding element) should be no more than 2.5 10 ^-4 m. i.e. minimum sizes. However, since the proposed device contains a system for detecting the source of combustion and powder fire extinguishing, the mesh cell can be larger, for example, 1×1 cm.

In fig. 1 shows a general view of the proposed device, Fig. 2 - cross-section of the mesh and guides, in Fig. 3 section of the mesh and guides, deformed under the action of flying pyrotechnic products and their elements.

The device consists of a flexible fire-resistant, for example, metal mesh 1, which is fixed with its upper edge on a cylindrical drum 2, and a weighting load 3 is attached to the lower edge of the mesh. In the fully unwound position, the mesh is enclosed on the sides by vertical guides 4 along its entire length at some intervals, the mesh is equipped with transverse rigid elements made of non-combustible material in the form of plates 5, which increase the transverse rigidity of the mesh. The plates 5 are equipped with hooks 6 for engagement with the flanged edges 7 of the vertical guides 4 when the mesh is exposed to the force of flame and impacts from flying elements of pyrotechnic products. The cylindrical drum 2 is installed on the upper platform 8 of the protected module of the rack structure 9 by means of a frame 10 equipped with locking rollers (rollers) 11 with a disconnecting device 12, for example, of an electric contact type. Opposite each tier of the rack structure there are installed sprayers 13 with a pipeline 14 for supplying the fire extinguishing agent, and sensors 15 that react to smoke and flame.

The device works as follows.

In the normal (operating) mode of the warehouse technological process for working with flammable materials and products, the protective nets are in the upper position, wound on drum 2. When a fire occurs and the smoke and flame sensor 15 is triggered, a signal is sent to the shutdown device 12 to remove blocking from the drums 2. Under the influence of weights 3, the protective mesh 1 unwinds. The mesh 1, together with the transverse rigid elements in the form of plates 5 installed on it, is unwound in the vertical guides 4, thereby preventing the scattering of burning materials and products into the incoming territory, and The fire extinguishing agent supplied through pipeline 14 through sprayers 13 suppresses combustion inside the rack structure. After suppressing the fire and cleaning the mesh 1 from powder and elements of pyrotechnic products, it is wound onto drum 2, while the weighting agent 3 in the upper position acts on the locking rollers (rollers) 11 and the shutdown device 12 and brings the device and power supply system to its original position. The device operates automatically without the participation of maintenance personnel and can be controlled from a stationary or remote control panel.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to localize the source of the fire, extinguish it, as well as limit the spread of pyrotechnic elements and the area of the fire.

The results of tests in field conditions of a fragment of a device for preventing the spread and extinguishing of a fire, consisting of a flooring with fireworks pyrotechnic products of hazard class 111 laid on it and placed on a stand, protected on all sides by a mesh with a mesh of 1x1 cm, showed that the spread of products of hazard class III with a dispersion radius of up to 30 m according to the Technical Regulations TP TS 006/2011 for the safety of pyrotechnic compositions and products containing them (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 02/06/2012 No. 90), as well as their charges and fragments, when ignited, are completely or partially blocked by a mesh according to GOST 2715 -75 with a cell size of 1*1 cm. In this case, the dispersion of 4-8 charges occurs within 20-30 s from the start of the product’s operation, and the system for detecting and supplying a fire extinguishing powder composition to the combustion site occurs in less than 10 s.

Based on the tests, it can also be argued that the dispersion of products and their fragments of hazard class I and II with a dispersion radius of 0.5 m and 5 m, respectively, according to the Technical Regulations TP CU 006/2011 for the safety of pyrotechnic compositions and products containing them (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02/06/2012 No. 90), will be completely and securely blocked with a mesh in accordance with GOST 2715-75 with a cell size of 1 × 1 cm.

Thus, after the activation of pyrotechnic products of hazard classes I-III, a protective mesh with a mesh size of 1×1 cm completely (products of hazard class I-II), completely or partially (hazard class III) blocks the emission of flame and the spread of the product into the adjacent area and allows localize and suppress the burning of products.

Claims (1)

A device for preventing the spread of a fire and extinguishing it, containing a protective flexible fire-resistant mesh wound on a cylindrical drum installed in the upper part of the racking structure and equipped with a weight at the bottom, vertical side guides to ensure unwinding of the mesh, characterized in that the mesh the entire unwinding length is equipped with transverse rigid elements made of non-flammable material in the form of plates installed on it at intervals, equipped with hooks for interaction with the flanged edges of the vertical guides, the device also contains sprayers directed at each tier of the rack structure, a pipeline system for supplying fire extinguishing agent to the sprayers, and fire detectors for smoke and flame, wherein the mesh is configured to allow penetration of the fire extinguishing agent supplied through the spray nozzles through it in the unwound state.

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