RU2811575C1 - Method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of geodesic dome - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates namely to a method for thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome consists in the fact that after assembling and installing a rigid dome frame, including rods forming through cells, the tops of which are connectors connected to the rods with detachable connections, the dome is pulled on the inside of the frame and secured to the protruding parts of the detachable connections of the connectors, the basis for the first and second insulation, and studs are installed in the central parts of the connectors. Then, the first insulation material is applied over the base in the places of the connectors, along the rods and in the place of the formed cells so that the connectors and rods are in the layer of the first insulation. Installation of the second insulation is carried out on top of the first insulation with the possibility of top fixation of studs to stabilize and prevent detachment of the first and second insulation during operation.

EFFECT: increasing the thermal insulation characteristics of the dome.

9 cl, 12 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and concerns the thermal insulation of prefabricated sphere-like structural structures used as dome coverings for various purposes (observatories, greenhouses/conservatories, exhibition spaces, as well as fully prefabricated residential blocks of settlements in hard-to-reach areas and in zones of extreme climatic conditions) [E04B 1/00, E04B 1/32, E04B 1/38, E04B 2/26, E04B 1/74, E04B 1/88].

Known from the prior art is a DOME GREENHOUSE OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL DOUBLE-LAYER FRAME STRUCTURE [CN 108738914 A, publ. 06.11.2018], including an outer layer frame, an internal frame, a spatial frame, a thermal insulation system, a ventilation system and a structure for personnel accommodation.

Also known from the prior art is a DOUBLE-DOME GREENHOUSE [RU 2713114 C1, publ. 02/03/2020], consisting of two geodesic domes - hemispheres, where the outer dome is made of a tubular frame with a transparent wear-resistant coating, and the inner dome is suspended from the outer one using hangers, made of steel cable with a greenhouse diameter of less than 12 m or galvanized pipes with a greenhouse diameter of more than 12 m, it repeats the design of the outer one and has a coating of transparent inflatable sectors.

A DOME TYPE DESIGN is known from the prior art [US 4146997 A, publ. 04/03/1979]. The main elements are made of triangular wooden panels with insulating material such as foam in between.

The MODULAR STRUCTURE OF GEODETIC FORM is known from the prior art [RO 130426 A2, publ. 07/30/2015], which has two triangular side plates attached to the frame from the outside and from the inside; between the two plates there is a thermal insulation layer made of polyurethane foam, polystyrene, and mineral wool.

The disadvantages of the analogue are an unstable heat preservation system at sub-zero temperatures and low wear resistance.

The disadvantages of analogues are a complex system for connecting structural elements, an unstable heat conservation system at sub-zero temperatures, and low wear resistance.

A prefabricated and dismountable building shell is known from the prior art [RU 2 116 409 C1, publ. 07/27/1998], containing polygonal panels rigidly connected to each other by their sides, the panels are made ten- and twelve-angled and are connected to each other by pairs of sides using inserts with a loop and a socket, and the connection is made using bolts from the side of the triangular openings, which after installation are filled with translucent material. Along the length of the sides of the panel (one at a time), rigid inserts made of durable non-thermal conductive material are glued between the facings, due to which the connection of the load-bearing panels to each other is solved.

The disadvantage of the analogue is low wear resistance.

The closest in technical essence is the HYBRID GEODETIC STRUCTURE [US 2012260583 A1, publ. 10/18/2012], the attached triangular shaped panels are further sealed at the seams between the panels to provide waterproofing, weatherproofing and energy efficiency to the geodesic envelope. Triangular shaped panels include a structural insulated panel (or thermal insulated panel) (SIP). SIP is defined here as a composite building material that contains an insulating layer of rigid polymeric material, such as polymer foam such as expanded polystyrene or polyurethane, which is sandwiched between layers of substantially flat structural building material.

The disadvantages of the prototype are a complex system for connecting structural elements, an unstable heat conservation system at sub-zero temperatures, and low wear resistance.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the closest prototype and analogues.

The technical result of the invention is to provide the possibility of thermal insulation, sound insulation and increased wear resistance of a geodesic dome through the use of a method for thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome, including the installation of rods and connectors forming cells and having a coating, sealing along the rods and connectors, characterized in that after collecting and installing the rigid frame of the geodesic dome formed by a kinematic chain from through cells, where the tops are connectors, and the sides are rods of through cells, and the connectors and rods are connected by detachable connections, on the inside of the rigid frame of the geodesic dome, the base for the first and second insulation is pulled and secured on the protruding parts of the detachable connections of the connectors, studs are installed in the central parts of the connectors, on top of the base in the places of the connectors, along the rods and in the place of the formed cells, the first insulation material is applied so that the connectors and rods are in the layer of the first insulation, the installation of the second insulation is carried out on top of the first insulation with the possibility of top fixation of the pins for stabilization and prevention of delamination first and second insulation during operation.

In particular, after assembly and installation, the detachable joints of the connectors are wrapped with protective material.

In particular, the protective material is made of polyethylene film.

In particular, the protective material is made of adhesive tape.

In particular, the protective material is made of foam pads.

In particular, the base is made of polyethylene film.

In particular, the base is made of plywood.

In particular, the plywood base is attached to the rods with staples.

In particular, the base is made of foam pads.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a front view of the connector 2 without an image of the base 9, the first 10 and the second 11 insulation.

Figure 2 shows a rear view of the connector 2 without an image of the base 9, the first 10 and the second 11 insulation.

Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of connector 2 using the inventive method.

Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of connector 2 using the inventive method and another embodiment of a detachable connection, including a sleeve 8 for external fastenings.

Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of connector 2 using the inventive method and another embodiment of a detachable connection, including a disc fastener 7 and a sleeve 8.

Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of connector 2 using the inventive method and another embodiment of a detachable connection, including a disc fastener 7 and a sleeve 8.

Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of connector 2 using the proposed method and another embodiment of a detachable connection, including a pin with a hook 14, fixed with a nut 15 and a washer 16.

Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of two connectors 2 (Figure 7) connected in parallel by a pin with a hook 14 (where the hook is also made for internal decoration) and forming an outer frame 17 and an inner frame 18.

Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of two connectors 2 (Figure 5) connected in parallel by a sleeve 8 and forming an outer frame 17 and an inner frame 18.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of two adjacent connectors 2 (FIG. 7) forming the outer frame 17.

Figure 11 shows a view of a cell 19 formed by three connectors 2, without an image of the film 9, the first 10 and the second 11 insulation.

Figure 12 shows a sectional view of the explosives of the formed cell 19 with an image of the base 9, the first 10 and the second 11 insulation.

The figures indicate: 1 - rods, 2 - connector, 3 - bolts, 4 - nuts, 5 - washers, 6 - stud, 7 - disc fasteners, 8 - sleeve, 9 - base, 10 - first insulation, 11 - second insulation , 12 - bushing, 13 - bushing with hook, 14 - stud with hook, 15 - nut, 16 - washer, 17 - outer frame, 18 - inner frame, 19 - cell.

Implementation of the invention.

The proposed method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome is carried out as follows.

The rigid frame of the geodesic dome is made of rods 1, interconnected by connectors 2 (Fig. 1-Fig. 11), thus forming a kinematic chain of end-to-end cells 19 (Fig. 11), where the vertices are connectors 2, and the sides are rods 1, wherein the connectors and rods are connected by detachable connections.

Moreover, the cells can be made polygonal (in the form of triangles, quadrangles, etc.).

Moreover, the rods 1 can be made of metal (for example, steel), wood or composite materials.

The rods 1 can be made in the form of round pipes, profile pipes, beams, etc. of various diameters with eyelets at the ends.

Moreover, connectors 2 can be made of metal (for example, steel) or composite materials.

At the ends of each rod 1 there are lugs (not shown in the figures) for detachable connection with connectors 2.

The above-mentioned eyes can be made round, oval, square and any other shape.

Connectors 2 are a gusset in the form of a central insert of various shapes, for example, round, polygonal, and having holes (not shown in the figures) for a detachable connection.

The above-mentioned connectors 1 for detachable connection can be made round, oval, square and any other shape.

The number of holes for a detachable connection depends on the number of rods 1 connected by one connector 1, which also determines the shape of the cells 19.

The detachable connection of the rods 1 and connectors 2 can be made using a bolted connection, as shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 2 (bolts 3 secured by a nut 4, as well as washers 5 that prevent self-unscrewing of the bolts 3), ties, wire, etc. .

It is worth noting that the detachable connections of connectors 2 are wrapped with protective material to prevent clogging of the detachable connections with the material from which the first 10 insulation is made. This is done to ensure the safety of the threaded elements of detachable connections of connectors 2 during subsequent disassembly of the rigid frame. Thus, when disassembling the structure, the above parts do not need to be replaced due to deformation.

The protective material can be made of polyethylene film, adhesive tape, foam pads, etc.

On the inside of the rigid frame of the geodesic dome, the base 9 for the first 10 and second 11 insulation is stretched and secured to the protruding parts of the connectors 2.

The base 9 is intended to create a form for applying the first 10 and second 11 insulation and filling them with through 19 cells, so that the first 10 and second 11 insulation do not protrude on the inside of the rigid frame.

The base 9 can be made of polyethylene film, plywood (plywood sheets), foam pads, foam pads, etc.

When making the base 9 from plywood, installation is carried out along the perimeter of the above cells 19 and secured to a rigid frame, namely rods 1, with metal brackets (not shown in the figures).

It is worth noting that the fixation of the base can be performed when forming a rigid frame using detachable connections, so that the base layer 9 is pressed against the connectors 2 by washers 5 from the inside of the rigid frame.

The studs are installed in the central parts of the connectors 2 and a protective material is applied to the threaded part of the studs protruding onto the outer side of the rigid frame to prevent further clogging of the threads with the first 10 and second 11 insulation materials.

Studs are accepted as a symbol in the text, since they can be made with threads along the entire length or part of it, and also have threaded bushings, caps for fixation, etc. (Fig.1-Fig.10).

Studs can be made of metal or composite materials. The length of the studs is equal to the design length of the space between the frames. However, to ensure the thickness of the inner layer of insulation material, the studs are mounted at least 15 mm long.

The studs are designed to hold the first 10 and second 11 insulation under their own weight or the influence of the environment (for example, wind) relative to the rigid frame and its through cells 9, thus providing rigid fastening of all layers of insulation.

The studs are connected to the connectors by 2 detachable connections on the inside of the rigid frame (Fig. 1-Fig. 10).

After installing the above-mentioned studs on top of the base in the places of the connectors 2, along the rods 1 and in the place of the formed through cells 9, the first insulation 10 is applied so that the connectors 2 and rods 1 are in the layer of the first insulation 10 as shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 10., to eliminate “cold bridges” that form at the junction of rods 1 and connectors 2.

Installation of the second insulation 11 is performed on top of the first insulation 10.

The studs at the ends on the outside of the rigid frame have external fixation for stabilization (preventing vertical movement along the studs) and to prevent the first 10 insulation from detaching from the second 11 insulation during operation.

It is worth noting that external fixation is understood as a detachable connection of the above-described pin with a disc fastener 7 (Fig. 3, Fig. 5-Fig. 9) or sleeve 12 (Fig. 4).

Consequently, the second insulation 11 is applied at a permissible distance for subsequent external fixation, using a threaded connection previously protected by a protective material.

After applying the second insulation 11, the ends of the pins on the outside of the rigid frame are freed from the protective material and external fixation is carried out.

The studs, their detachable connection with connectors 2 and their external fixation can be made in various ways; examples of their implementation are presented in Fig. 1-Fig. 10.

Thus, in Fig. 3, the above stud is made as a threaded stud 6 with a detachable connection to the connector 2 using a sleeve 8 having a thread, and the external fixation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation is made using disc fasteners 7.

In Fig.4, the above stud is made as a threaded stud 6 with a detachable connection to the connector 2 using a bushing 8 with a thread, and the external fixation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation is made using a bushing 8 with a thread. It is worth noting that this embodiment allows for the installation of an additional outer covering (not shown in the figures) of a geodesic dome made of various materials, for example, textile, composite, etc., to the sleeve 8 using a detachable connection.

In Fig.5, the above stud is made as a sleeve 8, having a thread for external fixation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation using disc fasteners 7.

In Fig.6, the above stud is made as a threaded stud 6 with a detachable connection to the connector 2 using a bushing with a hook 13 having a thread, and the external fixation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation is made using disc fasteners 7. It is worth noting that this implementation allows To the sleeve with a hook 13, install an additional outer covering (not shown in the figures) of a geodesic dome made of various materials, for example, textile, composite, etc., by attaching them to the hook.

In Fig. 7, the above stud is made as a stud with a hook 14 with a detachable connection to connector 2 using a nut 15 having a thread and a washer 16, and the external fixation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation is made using disc fasteners 7. It is worth noting that This embodiment allows for the installation of an additional outer covering (not shown in the figures) of the geodesic dome in the same way as described for FIG. 6.

In Fig. 8, the above pin is made as a pin with a hook 14, which is longer in comparison with Fig. 7 and is intended for rigid connection of the outer frame 17 and the inner frame 18. Moreover, a detachable connection with connectors 2 is carried out both for the outer frame 17 and for the inner frame 18 to ensure maximum strength and a fixed distance between the outer frame 17 and the inner frame 18. Here, the detachable connection and external fixation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation are made in the same way as described for Fig.7. It is worth noting that this embodiment allows for the installation of an additional outer covering (not shown in the figures) of the geodesic dome in the same way as described for FIG. 6.

In Fig.9, the above pin is made as a sleeve 8 with a cap for fixation on the inside of the frame, which has a longer length compared to Fig.5 and is intended for rigid connection of the outer frame 17 and the inner frame 18. Here there is a detachable connection and external fixation of the first 10 and the second 11 insulation materials are made in the same way as described for Fig.5.

It is worth noting that the fixation of the base 9 can be performed by installing the above-mentioned studs in the central parts of the connectors 2 using detachable connections so that the base layer is pressed against the connectors 2 by nuts 4 from the inside of the rigid frame by the sleeve 8 (Fig. 3-Fig. 6) , bushing with hook 13 (Fig. 7), bushing 8 (Fig. 9).

After completing the installation of the second insulation 11, the base 9 can be removed from the opposite side of the cells for subsequent decoration of the geodome.

It is worth noting that the first insulation 10 and the second insulation 12 can be made of the materials presented in table 1. Table 1 also briefly presents the characteristics of the listed materials, known from the prior art.

Insulation material Characteristics Comments Penofol - high heat transfer resistance from 1.14 to 1.36;
- low thermal conductivity - from 0.049 to 0.051 W/mk;
- temperature range - from -60 to +100°C;
- sound absorption - from 20 to 32 dB. It is possible to use 10 insulation as the first one, since it is flexible and lightweight. Polyurethane - possibility of spraying on any surface;
- due to the low thermal conductivity coefficient (0.037-0.052 W/m°C) it is ahead of other materials;
- resistance to deformation and thermal radiation;
- fire resistance;
- strength and elasticity;
- resistance to temperature changes, does not delaminate;
- cracks do not appear on its surface, impairing the quality of fixation of the connection;
- does not release harmful substances into the environment. It is possible to use 10 insulation as the first one, since it is flexible and lightweight. Polyurethane foam (PPU) - high heat transfer resistance - from 2.15 W/m2°C to 2.40 W/m2°C;
- low thermal conductivity - from 0.023 to 0.023 W/mK;
- temperature range from -180 to +200;
- sound absorption - up to 40 dB. It is possible to use 10 as the first insulation material, since it is a gas-filled plastic material in the form of closed-porous foam. However, polyurethane foam comes in different hardnesses, which allows it to be used as a second insulation 11. Then, due to hardening, it forms an impenetrable “shell”. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) - high strength;
- elasticity;
- resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
- resistance to precipitation and low temperatures. It is possible to use 10 as the first insulation material, since it is a gas-filled plastic material in the form of closed-porous foam. However, PVC comes in different hardnesses, which allows it to be used as a second insulation 11. Then, due to hardening, it forms an impenetrable “shell”. Styrofoam - high heat transfer resistance from 0.45 to 3.13;
- low thermal conductivity - from 0.036 to 0.44 W/mK;
- temperature range - from -100 to +80°C;
- sound absorption - sound absorption index (at a frequency of 1000 Hz) from 0.15 to 0.35. It is possible to use 10 insulation as the first one, since it is lightweight. Mineral or basalt wool (for example, using Isover technology) - high heat transfer resistance from 0.29 to 0.42;
- low thermal conductivity - from 0.033 to 0.42 W/mK;
- temperature range - from -190 to +700°C;
- sound absorption - up to 63 dB. It can be used as the first insulation 10, and also as the second insulation 11.
Basalt insulation is stiffer, while mineral insulation is more elastic. Sintipon (insulating blanket) - low thermal conductivity - 0.039 W/mK;
- temperature range - from -60 to +100°C;
- sound absorption;
- resistance to moisture. Can be used as the first insulation 10. Holofiber (insulating blanket) - low thermal conductivity - 0.03 W/mK;
- temperature conditions - up to -30 (depending on the application fee);
- sound absorption;
- resistance to moisture. Can be used as the first insulation 10. Foamed polyisocyanurate (PIR) - high heat transfer resistance from 1.25 to 1.90;
- low thermal conductivity - from 0.02 to 0.24 W/mK;
- temperature range - from -55 to +250°C;
- sound absorption - resistant to impact noise, does not imply use as a separate coating for sound insulation. It can be used as the first insulation 10, and also as the second insulation 11. Isofol (foil insulation) - low thermal conductivity - 0.048 W/mK;
- temperature range - from -60 to +80;
- sound absorption;
- resistance to moisture. Possibly as a second insulation 11. Shelter - low thermal conductivity - 0.031-0.037 W/mK;
- temperature conditions - up to -30 (depending on the application fee);
- sound absorption;
- resistance to moisture. Can be used as the first insulation 10.

The range of changes in the parameters (see Table 1) of the above materials is given for information and depends on their technological implementation in production and the thickness of the insulation material.

The inventive method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome is not limited to the list of listed materials; for the implementation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation materials, other materials with similar properties can be used.

It is worth noting that the first insulation 10 is a soft material (or foam), due to which the entire space between the rods 1, connectors 2 and the cell coating is filled and fits tightly to their surface due to the pressure of the more rigid second insulation 11, thereby forming an impenetrable “shell” and eliminates the appearance of “cold bridges”.

Moreover, the inventive method for thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome may include foil as an insulating material between the first 10 and second 12 insulation.

It is worth noting that the second 11 insulation can be made as an external decorative material.

It is worth noting that the proposed method can be carried out both on the outer part of the geodome frame and on the inner part, including on both sides simultaneously. It is known from the state of the art that the insulation materials listed in Table 1 are lightweight, and accordingly they do not burden the geocupal structure.

It is known from the state of the art that the insulation materials listed in Table 1 are non-hygroscopic, do not rot and are not destroyed by exposure to water and steam, which guarantees the absence of corrosion to the rigid frame of the geodome.

It is known from the prior art that the insulation materials listed in Table 1 are durable, and their implementation by the claimed method can provide a service life of more than 10 years, which implies minimizing repair work.

It is known from the prior art that the insulation materials listed in Table 1 are environmentally friendly, do not have any effect on human health and are safe.

The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome is carried out as follows.

All structural elements of the geodesic dome are delivered to the construction site.

The rigid frame of the geodesic dome is assembled and installed by sequentially connecting the rods 1 and fixing them with connectors 2 with a detachable connection (Fig. 1-Fig. 2), taking into account the location of the transparent window or stained glass, as well as ventilation, chimney, hidden laying of communications, ensuring This ensures reliable fastening to a rigid frame, then the spatial frames are assembled for the entrance doors.

It is worth considering that transparent windows or stained glass windows, ventilation windows, chimneys, frames for entrance doors are subjected to the inventive method only in the places where they are attached to the rigid frame of the geodesic dome.

The detachable connections of connectors 2 are wrapped with protective material.

On the inside of the rigid frame of the geodesic dome, the base 9 for the first 10 and second 11 insulation is stretched and secured to the protruding parts of the connectors 2 (Fig. 3-Fig. 10).

The above-described studs are installed (according to any of the listed methods in Fig. 3-Fig. 10) in the central parts of the connectors 2 and fixed with a detachable connection, protective material is applied to the threaded part of the studs protruding on the outer side of the rigid frame.

After installing the above-mentioned studs on top of the base in the places of the connectors 2, along the rods 1 and in the place of the formed through cells 9, the first insulation 10 is applied so that the connectors 2 and rods 1 are in the layer of the first insulation 10 as shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 10., to eliminate “cold bridges” that form at the junction of rods 1 and connectors 2.

Installation of the second insulation 11 is carried out on top of the first insulation 10 at an acceptable distance for the subsequent external fixation described above.

The pins, their detachable connection with the connectors 2 and their external fixation are performed according to one of the examples in Fig. 1-Fig. 10, described earlier.

After completing the installation of the second insulation 11, the base 9 can be removed from the opposite side of the cells for subsequent decoration of the geodesic dome.

If the base 9 is made in the form of a plywood frame, foam pads, etc., the coating is not dismantled, but decoration is carried out on top of it.

The author of this application built a full-size geodesic dome in 2022 using the proposed method of thermal insulation and sound insulation. The installation location of this geodesic dome is the Kola Peninsula. To confirm the stated technical result, a number of experiments were carried out under severe operating conditions, i.e. in winter on the Kola Peninsula, at a temperature of -33°C, humidity 90%, wind speed 10-40 m/s.

The main advantages of the proposed method, taking into account technological features and the results of practical implementation, are presented in Table 2.

table 2 No. Advantage A comment 1. Rods 1, connectors 2, detachable connections, the above-described studs according to the claimed method are located in the layers of the first 10 and second 11 insulation materials having closed pores, which prevents the above-described structural elements of the rigid frame from corrosion and other degrading effects. The ability to place geodesic domes in conditions of high humidity. 2. Rods 1, connectors 2, detachable connections according to the claimed method are located in the layers of the first 10 and second 11 insulation. Preventing the occurrence of “cold bridges” in places of detachable connections 3. The first 10 and second 11 insulation, implemented according to the claimed method, reliably fix all detachable connections of the frame and prevent them from unwinding and loosening of fastenings. The design is more stable and stable, there are no vibrations from external influences (for example, strong gusts of wind).
Reducing the number of installation works to maintain the operation of the geodesic dome and increasing its service life. 4. The above-mentioned studs, intended for the implementation of the first 10 and second 11 insulation under its own weight or the influence of the environment relative to the rigid frame and the density of their fit to each other, also provide rigidity to the entire frame (according to the “shell” principle), due to which the self-supporting ability of the structure increases. 5. In case of local mechanical damage (for example, loss of tightness of detachable connections or decorative external coatings), water will not penetrate into the insulation. 6. The lightness of the above insulation materials and coatings. Possibility of mounting geodesic domes of large diameters for installation in harsh operating conditions. Ensuring relatively quick installation (in comparison with prototypes), as well as disassembling the geodesic dome according to the proposed method. 7. Protective material (not shown in the figures) for detachable connections. Ensuring relatively quick installation (compared to prototypes), as well as disassembly of the geodesic dome.
Cleaning of metal from insulating coatings is carried out by removing the protective material using a gas torch. 8. Due to their structure, the first 10 and second 11 insulation provide reliable seamless thermal insulation. Providing energy savings for heating the room. 9. Tests were carried out on the sound insulation of the geodome. It was revealed that with a sound of 80-90 dB on the outer part of the geodome (street), the sound in the geodome did not exceed 35 dB. Ensuring the maximum possible sound insulation for this type of structure. 10. The ability to apply any thickness of insulation depending on operating conditions from 3 to 20 cm, which is adjusted by the length of the above-described studs It has been experimentally revealed that for year-round operation in a temperate continental (for example, steppe) climate, the thickness of the insulation material may not exceed 3 cm; for severe operating conditions (for example, continental climate) the insulation layer is 20 cm. eleven. The ability to provide the inventive method taking into account the location of a transparent window or stained glass window, as well as ventilation, chimney, hidden communications, while ensuring reliable interconnection of the listed structural elements with the rods 1 and connectors 2 of the rigid frame due to the sequential attachment of the first 10 and second 11 insulation to the above-mentioned studs and prevent gaps. Improving the ergonomics of the design as a whole and minimizing the occurrence of “cold bridges”.

The inventive method combines the advantages of a rigid frame of a geodesic dome and a shell, which significantly increases their resistance to external influences (snow and wind loads, icing).

Consequently, geodesic domes made according to the claimed method can be used, for example, for glamping parks, tent stages, planetariums, vegetarians, residential premises, including taking into account their location in harsh operating conditions down to -60°C.

Thus, it has been experimentally proven that the proposed method has significant advantages in comparison with analogues, namely, providing the possibility of thermal insulation, sound insulation and increasing the wear resistance of the geodesic dome.

Claims (9)

1. A method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome, including the installation of rods and connectors forming cells and having a coating, sealing along the rods and connectors, characterized in that after the collection and installation of the rigid frame of the geodesic dome, formed by a kinematic chain of through cells, where the vertices are connectors, and the sides are rods of through cells, and the connectors and rods are connected by detachable connections; on the inside of the rigid frame of the geodesic dome, the base for the first and second insulation is pulled and secured on the protruding parts of the detachable connections of the connectors; studs are installed in the central parts of the connectors, on top of the base in places connectors, along the rods and in place of the formed cells, the first insulation material is applied so that the connectors and rods are in the layer of the first insulation; the installation of the second insulation is carried out on top of the first insulation with the possibility of top fixation of the pins to stabilize and prevent detachment of the first and second insulation during operation. 2. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 1, characterized in that after assembly and installation, the detachable connections of the connectors are wrapped in protective material. 3. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective material is made of polyethylene film. 4. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective material is made of adhesive tape. 5. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective material is made of foam rubber pads. 6. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is made of polyethylene film. 7. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is made of plywood. 8. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 7, characterized in that the plywood base is attached to the rods with staples. 9. The method of thermal insulation and sound insulation of a geodesic dome according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is made of foam rubber pads.