RU2802926C1 - Device for magnetic-abrasive processing of cone surfaces of mating products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for magnetic-abrasive processing of conical surfaces of mating parts. The device comprises magnetic subsystems with L-shaped poles of opposite polarity, located opposite each other and configured for changing the distance between them using a screw with multidirectional threads. Inductance coils are installed on these racks, and a through hole with a thread is made in its upper part for installing an adjusting rod. A magnetic subsystem of opposite polarities is fixed on the rack behind the inductance coil, which consists of a base with a groove, in the upper and lower parts of which bearings are installed, in which the shaft is fixed for rotation. L-shaped pole tips are installed on the shaft, the inner and outer working surfaces of which are parallel to each other and are made with the working surface inclination angle equal to the taper angle of the machined surface.

EFFECT: technological possibilities are expanding.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used for magnetic abrasive processing of conical surfaces of mating parts.

A device for magnetic abrasive processing is known (patent RU No. 2314185, published on January 10, 2008), which contains magnetic systems with inductors located opposite each other with the ability to move and rotate, having a toroidal shape, each of which is mounted on a bracket and on a sled.

The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of magnetic abrasive processing due to the uneven working gap when processing products with complex geometric shapes, since a toroidal inductor will always have an uneven distribution of the magnetic field and a working gap when processing, for example, flat or conical surfaces.

A device for magnetic abrasive processing is known (patent RU No. 2599765, published on October 10, 2016), which contains magnetic systems with inductors located opposite each other with the ability to move along three mutually perpendicular coordinate axes and representing two toroidal bowls, each of which is mounted on a bracket and slide.

The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of magnetic abrasive processing due to the uneven working gap when processing products with complex geometric shapes, since a toroidal inductor will always have an uneven distribution of the magnetic field and a working gap when processing, for example, flat or conical surfaces.

A device for magnetic abrasive processing is known (patent RU No. 2220836, published on January 10, 2004), which contains a housing and a magnetic inductor moving relative to it, installed with the possibility of oscillation, inside the magnetic head of which there is an upper one with a moving mechanism and lower blocks made of a number of alternately located vertical magnets and magnetic cores, while the magnets and magnetic cores are arranged in staggered rows and are spring-loaded relative to the monolithic part of the upper block with the possibility of fixing each row in the lower block of the magnetic inductor.

The disadvantage of this device is the use of permanent magnets, the working surfaces of which describe the surface being processed, which is low-performance when processing mating products that are small in size, since the surface being processed will cover only a part of all permanent magnets of the device.

A known installation for magnetic abrasive cleaning and/or surface treatment of products of complex shape (RU patent No. 2336985, published on October 27, 2010), which contains a chamber with fine-grained magnetic abrasive material and shutters for loading/unloading it, alternating current electromagnets located around the perimeter of the chamber, and a suspension for securing the workpiece with the possibility of rotation.

The disadvantage of this installation is that filling the closed volume of the chamber, which is larger than the volume of the product being processed, entails a significant reduction in the useful use of magnetic abrasive material, since most of the material will not be involved in processing. In addition, the presence of a single rotational movement, which is carried out slowly, leads to a decrease in processing productivity.

A device for magnetic abrasive processing is known (patent RU No. 2098258, published on December 10, 1997), adopted as a prototype, which contains two magnetic systems, the poles of opposite polarity are located opposite each other, assembled from blocks, each of which is made in in the form of a permanent magnet and an L-shaped pole piece capable of rotating through an angle of 180°, and the magnet blocks are installed with the ability to change the distance between them.

The disadvantage of this device is that the use of permanent magnets as sources of magnetic field during magnetic abrasive processing significantly limits the applicability of the device when processing products with different mechanical properties, since the magnetic field of permanent magnets is constant. In addition, making blocks of magnets and pole pieces along one straight line significantly reduces the productivity of magnetic abrasive processing when processing products with axial symmetry. The device does not ensure parallelism of the working surfaces of the poles and the workpiece surface being processed.

The technical result is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the device.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that it is equipped with a work table, L-shaped racks installed on the work table opposite each other, and inductors installed on these racks, while the racks in their upper part are made with a through hole with an internal thread for installation an adjusting rod that ensures the installation of a given working gap between the treated surfaces and the working surfaces of the pole pieces, and the magnetic subsystems of opposite polarities are installed on the specified racks behind the inductance coils and consist of a base, which is fixed on the adjusting rod with a bolt of the adjusting rod and is made with a groove, bearings installed in the upper and lower parts of the groove of the base, a shaft made in the upper part with a left-hand thread, and in the lower part with a right-hand thread and mounted in bearings with the possibility of rotation, and two L-shaped pole pieces made with an angle of inclination of the working surfaces equal to the cone angle of the surface being processed and the outer working surface installed at opposite ends of the shaft opposite to each other and with the ability to move relative to each other, ensuring parallelism of the internal working surfaces and external working surfaces of the pole pieces and the conical surface being processed.

The device is illustrated by the following figures:

fig. 1 - general view of the device;

fig. 2 - magnetic subsystem;

fig. 3 - mechanism for horizontal movement of the pole piece;

fig. 4 - view of the device when processing a cone;

fig. 5 - type of device when processing a ring, where:

1 - base;

2 - pole pieces;

3 - shaft;

4 - bearing;

5 - inductor;

6 - adjusting rod;

7 - stand;

8 - desktop;

9 - working gap;

10 - mandrel;

11 - cone;

12 - ring;

13 - internal working surface;

14 - external working surface;

15 - adjusting rod bolt;

16 - groove;

17 - angle of inclination of the working surface.

The device contains a work table 8 on which L-shaped racks 7 (Fig. 1) are installed. On the racks 7 (Fig. 3) inductors 5 are installed. Inside the upper part of the rack 7 there is a through hole, the walls of which are threaded, and an adjusting rod 6 is installed in it. On the rack 7 behind the inductor 5 there is a magnetic subsystem of opposite polarities, which consists from the base 1, which is fixed on the adjusting rod 6 with a bolt of the adjusting rod 15. In the base 1 there is a groove 16 (Fig. 2) in the upper and lower parts of which bearings 4 are installed, into which the shaft 3 is fixed with the possibility of rotation. On the shaft 3 with the possibility moving relative to each other, at least two pole pieces 2 with internal working surfaces 13 and external working surfaces 14 are installed. Magnetic subsystems of opposite polarities are installed opposite each other on racks 7 (Fig. 1). Pole pieces 2 (Fig. 3) are L-shaped with an inclination angle of the working surface 17, which is equal to the cone angle of the surface being processed. Shaft 3 has a left thread in the upper part and a right thread in the lower part. The inner working surface 13 and the outer working surface 14 of the pole piece 2 are parallel to each other (Fig. 3).

The device works as follows. The racks 7 are installed on the work table 8 opposite each other. Inductors 5 are installed on the racks 7. On the opposite ends of the shaft 3, made with multi-directional threads, two L-shaped pole pieces 2 are installed with an inclination angle of the working surface 17, which is equal to the taper angle of the surface being processed, due to the need to ensure parallelism of the internal working surfaces 13 and external working surfaces of 14 pole pieces 2 and the processed conical surface. The pole pieces 2 are installed in such a way that they are located with the outer working surface 14 opposite to each other. The shaft is secured in groove 16 of base 1 using bearings 4. Shaft 3, two pole pieces 2, bearings 4 and base 1 constitute a magnetic subsystem. The magnetic subsystem is secured to the racks 7 using the adjusting rod 6 and the bolt of the adjusting rod 15. The device is installed on a machine, for example, a milling machine. Thus, two magnetic subsystems are installed symmetrically relative to the axis of rotation of the machine spindle. When attaching a cone 11 (Fig. 4) or a ring 12 (Fig. 5) to the machine spindle onto a mandrel 10 that needs to be processed, the distance between the pole pieces 2 is adjusted using the adjusting rod 6 so that between the machined surfaces of the workpiece and the working surfaces pole pieces 2, the required working gap 9, provided for by the processing parameters, has been established. The workpiece surfaces to be processed are oriented relative to the working surfaces of the pole pieces 2 - if it is necessary to process the outer surface of the cone 11, then they are oriented relative to the external working surfaces 14 of the pole pieces 2, if it is necessary to process the inner surface of the ring 12, then they are oriented relative to the inner working surface 13 of the pole pieces 2. Regulation of the working gap 9 between the working surfaces of the pole pieces 2 and the surface being processed is carried out using shaft 3, by rotating which the pole pieces 2 move apart or move closer to each other, as well as the adjusting rod 6 , the reciprocating movement of which the magnetic subsystems move away or approach the axis of the workpiece. After establishing the required working gap 9, the installation for magnetic abrasive processing is turned on and the working gap 9 is filled with a magnetic abrasive mass, and the workpiece is given a rotational movement, resulting in uniform magnetic abrasive processing of the conical surface of the workpiece.

The proposed design of a device for magnetic abrasive processing of conical surfaces allows us to ensure consistency of the base when processing the surfaces of products that will be operated in pairs and located in the same pair of engagement, as well as the parallelism of the working surfaces of the pole pieces and the processed surfaces, which ensures uniform formation of hardening, roughness and waviness treated surface.

Claims (1)

A device for magnetic abrasive processing of conical surfaces of mating products, containing magnetic subsystems of opposite polarity, located opposite each other with the possibility of changing the distance between them, characterized in that it is equipped with a work table, L-shaped racks installed on the work table opposite each other , and inductance coils installed on the specified racks, while the racks in their upper part are made with a through hole with an internal thread for installing an adjusting rod, ensuring the installation of a given working gap between the processed surfaces and the working surfaces of the pole pieces, and the magnetic subsystems of opposite polarities are installed on the indicated racks behind the inductance coils and consist of a base, which is fixed on the adjusting rod with a bolt of the adjusting rod and is made with a groove, bearings installed in the upper and lower parts of the base groove, a shaft made in the upper part with a left-hand thread, and in the lower part - with a right-hand thread threaded, and fixed in bearings with the possibility of rotation, and two L-shaped pole pieces, made with an angle of inclination of the working surfaces equal to the cone angle of the surface being processed, and installed on opposite ends of the shaft with the outer working surface opposite to each other and with the ability to move relative to each other, ensuring parallelism of the internal working surfaces and external working surfaces of the pole pieces and the processed conical surface.