RU2801991C1 - Screw pile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related in particular to construction of screw supports and construction of pile foundations. The screw pile includes a pile body with through grooves and a spiral part located on the pile body, made with a winding step of the spiral part equal to 0.5D-3D, where D is the body diameter, a supporting flange at the end of the pile body, a vertical stability element located between the spiral part and a sealing annular element and made in the form of a sleeve with bladed elements. On the pile body there is a movable element with threaded holes, made between the end face of the pile body and the support flange with through grooves, under which there is a sealing ring element. The spiral part is made with a diameter equal to 1.1D-10D, where D is the body diameter.

EFFECT: increase in the speed of screwing and the bearing capacity of piles.

1 cl, 10 ex, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, in particular to the construction of screw supports and the construction of pile foundations, and can be used in the construction of low-rise buildings, modular buildings, baths, terraces, piers and piers, sheds, greenhouses, hangars, pipelines, advertising structures, road signs and indicators, noise screens, lighting and communication line supports, installation of landscape gardening furniture, landscape lamps and street lamps, structures of small architectural forms, fences and fences, bases of solar panels and wind turbines, etc.

The design of the screw pile is a metal pipe with a helical surface. Immersion in the ground of such elements is carried out by twisting the pipe around its axis. The screw pile is used in the construction of smaller objects, for example, private residential buildings. Their installation does not require the use of expensive equipment, as well as large investments. Screw piles differ according to several criteria: size; tips; according to the width and number of blades; type of steel (production material); protective coating. According to the type of tips, screw piles are of 2 types: Cast. Such elements are made by casting, as a result, the tip with the blade is a single piece. They are characterized by increased strength, but their prices are higher. They are recommended for use on hard rocky soils. Welded. These tips are made by welding the blade to the tip. Differ in low durability. If you try to raise such a support from the ground, there is a high risk of blade failure. By the number of blades. Supports are:

Single-bladed. They are recommended for use on soil with high bearing capacity. Single-bladed piles with a welded tip quickly reach the critical load, which causes the blade to break. Multi-bladed. The presence of 2 blades provides increased resistance to horizontal, pressing and pulling loads.

Depending on the construction technology of the house, flanges with scarves are mounted on piles, flanges of several types: flat - a plate welded to a piece of pipe, the inner diameter of which is equal (or slightly larger) to the outer size of the pile; U-shaped - it is used exclusively for log cabins, "frameworks", panel, half-timbered, panel buildings, it allows you to lay a beam inside, fix it with self-tapping screws to stabilize the geometry of the grillage.

An analogue of a screw pile is known in the description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 26233, IPC E02D 5/56, according to application No. 2002110509/20 dated 23.04.2002, publ. 20.11.2002 in Bull. No. 32, including a cylindrical tubular barrel and a helical blade, is additionally equipped with stiffeners connecting the upper part of the barrel with a horizontally located support flange, while the ratio of the barrel diameter to the blade diameter is 0.6-0.8, and the blade pitch refers to its diameter as 0.5-0.7, the lower end of the helical blade is located in the inner cavity of the trunk, forming a cantilever, while the lower coil of the helical blade has a reduced diameter, and its cutting edge is sharpened at an angle of 40-60°, in the lower part of the pile for In the helical blade, a helix-shaped slot is made inside the barrel, the console overhang is 1/2-1/3 of the inner diameter of the barrel, the diameter of the lower coil is 0.8-0.9 of the diameter of the helical blade.

Disadvantages: insufficiently high screwing speed and bearing capacity.

The closest analogue of a screw pile is known in the description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 123796, IPC E02D 5/56, according to application No. 2012141546/03 dated 01.10.2012, publ. 01/10/2013 in Bull. No. 1, containing a hollow cylindrical shaft, a helical blade, a flanged connecting support with amplifiers welded to it, connecting the upper part of the barrel with a flanged connecting support, a sealing ring element is installed between the helical blade and the amplifiers, and the lower end of the barrel is made beveled, the helical blade is made single-turn , the amplifiers are triangular in shape, the sealing ring element is made of Steel 3, or Steel 20, or Steel 09G2S, has a diameter of 90-110 mm, and is welded at a height of 100 mm from the flange connection support, holes are made in the flange connection support for fastening the screwing mechanism , the helical blade has a grip width of 50 mm and a bending height of 70 mm; a cutout is made at the end of the helical blade.

Disadvantages: insufficiently high screwing speed and bearing capacity.

EFFECT: increased screwing speed and bearing capacity.

The technical result in a screw pile is achieved due to the fact that the screw pile includes a pile body with through grooves and a spiral part located on the pile body with a diameter equal to 1.1D-10D, where D is the diameter of the body, with a winding pitch of the spiral part equal to 0, 5D-3D, where D is the diameter of the body, the support flange at the end of the pile body with through grooves, the sealing annular element under the support flange, the vertical stability element placed between the spiral part and the sealing annular element and made in the form of a sleeve with bladed elements.

The implementation of the spiral part with a diameter equal to 1.1EM0D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, with a coiling step of the spiral part equal to 0.5D-3D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, is optimal to ensure the high bearing capacity of the screw foundation, which is due to the fact that when screwing the pile, the soil is not loosened, but rather compacted, increasing the speed of screwing and bearing capacity, increasing the reliability of the foundation, especially for complex soils.

The presence of a spiral part with the proposed winding pitch equal to 0.5D-3D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, does not create critical pressure even on soft peat and sandy soils and does not allow the foundation to move even with deep freezing. Installation time takes only a few minutes. Through slots allow you to enter through them an electrical cable.

The presence of the flange simplifies, facilitates and speeds up service work on the installation of the foundation, ensures the stability of the supporting structure. The use of the flange in conjunction with the essential features of the claimed piles allow you to expand the range of applications of piles. The support flange provides a choice for fastening the screwing mechanism in the flange connection support. On the supporting flange, using through grooves and a movable element, a supporting structure is installed using a detachable connection, which increases the screwing speed and load-bearing capacity.

The sealing ring element, made in the form of a sleeve with paddle elements under the support flange, reinforces the flange, provides better entry of the pile into the ground, soil compaction and increases the bearing capacity and screwing speed.

The vertical stability element placed between the spiral part and the sealing annular element and made in the form of a sleeve with paddle elements allows the use of the inventive pile as stand-alone racks for lampposts. The claimed pile in tandem with lampposts with a length of 2 m or more proved to be especially effective. Also, the element of vertical stability on the claimed pile has proved its effectiveness in the use of such piles as anchors when strengthening the banks with PVC sheet piles where the lateral load on the pile prevails.

As a result of all this, the claimed set of essential features of the proposed technical solution allows to achieve a technical result.

From the prior art, no technical solutions have been identified that contain features that coincide with the distinguishing features of the claimed device, so the claimed device meets the criterion of inventive step.

The presence of essential features distinctive from the prototype makes it possible to recognize the proposed technical solution as new.

The possibility of implementing the claimed invention in the industry makes it possible to recognize it as meeting the criterion of industrial applicability.

The essence of the proposed device is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 - axonometric view of a screw pile with a bladed spiral part,

fig. 2 - axonometric view of a screw pile with a multi-turn spiral part,

fig. 3 is a front view of a screw pile with a bladed spiral part,

fig. 4 is a front view of a screw pile with a multi-turn helical part,

fig. 5 - side view of the screw pile,

fig. 6 - view of a screw pile with a movable element,

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical stability element of a screw pile.

The screw pile includes a pile body 1 with through holes or through grooves 6 and a spiral part 2 of a cylindrical or conical shape located on the pile body 1 in the form of a single or multi-turn blade with a diameter equal to 1.1D-10D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, with step t of winding the spiral part, equal to 0.5-3D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, the support flange 3, made at the end of the pile body 1, with holes 9 or grooves 7, or holes 11 for attaching support structures, and/or the mechanism for screwing the pile, and / or the input of the electric cable, the sealing ring element 8, made on the body of the pile 1 under the supporting flange 3, the vertical stability element 5, made between the spiral part 2 and the sealing ring element 8 in the form of a cylindrical or conical sleeve with bladed elements 12, which are made predominantly vertical, a movable element 10 with threaded holes, made between the end of the pile body 1 and the support flange 3, the scarf 4 at the junction of the support flange 3 and the pile body 1 to increase the strength of the connection between the support flange 3 and the pile body 1. The pile body 1 has through holes or through grooves 6 mainly in parallel planes coaxial or offset relative to each other in the direction of the axis of the pile body 1, and the lower end of the pile body 1 may have an angle equal to 1-90 degrees. The spiral part 2 is made using the method of cold or hot forging, or using the casting method, the body of the pile 1 may have a sealing ring element 8, and the support flange 3, having a round or square, or rectangular, or oval, or polygonal shape, has holes 11 round or oval, or grooves, or through grooves 7 for fastening support structures with the possibility of quick connection with a tool or pile screwing mechanism, as well as a hole 9 for entering an electric cable. The vertical stability element 5 is a cylindrical sleeve with paddle elements 12, it is located between the spiral part 2 and the sealing ring element 8.

Examples for a spiral part with a diameter equal to 1.1D-10D, where D is the diameter of the body

Example 1

The spiral part with a diameter equal to 1, 1D, where D is the diameter of the body does not create sufficient traction force to immerse the pile body into the ground, the spiral part creates a traction force, but it is not enough to immerse the pile body into the soil. In this case, only loosening can occur without the necessary screwing of the pile into the ground, a decrease in screwing speed and bearing capacity.

Example 2

The spiral part with a diameter of more than 10D, where D is the diameter of the body, creates too much resistance when screwing the pile, and this entails a significant increase in the power, dimensions, material consumption and weight of the rotator for screwing the pile, reducing the screwing speed and bearing capacity.

Examples 3, 4

The spiral part with a diameter of less than 1.1D and more than 10D, where D is the diameter of the body, does not create a large resistance when screwing the pile, does not entail a significant increase in the power, dimensions, material consumption and weight of the rotator for screwing the pile, reducing the screwing speed and bearing capacity .

Example 5

The spiral part with a diameter of 5, 5D, where D is the diameter of the body, does not create too much resistance when screwing the pile, does not entail a significant increase in the power, dimensions, material consumption and weight of the rotator for screwing the pile, but leads to an increase in screwing speed and bearing capacity. Provides the necessary and sufficient traction force to immerse the pile body into the ground. This leads to an increase in the speed of screwing the screw pile, stability in soils.

Examples for the pitch value t of winding the spiral part, equal to 0.5-3D, where D is the diameter of the pile body

Example 1

When the step value t of winding the spiral part is equal to 0.5D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, an increase in the speed of screwing the screw pile, stability in soils is not enough

Example 2

When the step value t of winding the spiral part is equal to 3D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, an increase in the speed of screwing the screw pile, stability in soils is not enough

Examples 3, 4

When the pitch value t of winding the spiral part is less than 0.5D and greater than 3D, where D is the diameter of the pile body, an increase in the speed of screwing the screw pile, stability in soils does not appear.

Example 5

The best indicators of increasing the speed of screwing a screw pile, stability in soils are manifested when the value of the winding step of the spiral part is 1.75D, where D is the diameter of the pile body.

These examples are confirmed by the results of work on the construction sites of the company LLC GK "ViKa Engineering".

Samples of piles of various standard sizes were made by a combination of these essential features. During the tests, the screw pile with its spiral part 2 was installed vertically or at an angle on the ground at the installation point. The key of the pile screwing mechanism was inserted into the through grooves 7. The torque from the key clockwise through the through grooves 7 of the support flange was transmitted to the body of the pile 1 and to the spiral part 2. The spiral part 2 was immersed in the ground, dragging the body of the pile 1. After the required amount of turns of the key, the vertical stability element 5 with bladed elements 12, resting against the sealing ring element 8, was crushed into the ground. After the pile was deepened to the design mark, the key was turned counterclockwise until disengaged in the grooves and removed vertically upwards from the support flange 3. Depending on the design solution, an electric cable was inserted through the through grooves, onto the support flange using through grooves 6, onto the movable element 10, the support structure was installed using a detachable connection.

The tests were carried out in comparison with conventional single-bladed screw piles of the same diameters and lengths. For example, the speed of screwing was compared between the claimed spiral pile with a diameter of 57 mm and a length of 1.5 m and a conventional single-blade screw pile with the same diameter and the same length. In various soil conditions, the advantage in the speed of installation of the proposed pile in comparison with a conventional single-blade screw pile was in the range from 20 to 33%.

Also found advantage in the claimed pile when testing other diameters and lengths.

And the use of the element of vertical stability 5 added advantages in using the inventive piles as stand-alone racks for lampposts. The claimed pile in tandem with lampposts with a length of 2 m or more proved to be especially effective. Also, the element of vertical stability 5 on the claimed pile has proved its effectiveness in the use of such piles as anchors when strengthening the banks with PVC sheet piles where the lateral load on the pile prevails.

As a result, field tests of samples of piles of various sizes, in various soil conditions under the influence of both vertical and lateral loads, the claimed pile showed its advantages in increasing the screw pile screwing speed, stability in soils with different characteristics, versatility, When carrying out calculations and experimental work the applicant concluded that the proposed pile provides an increase in screwing speed and bearing capacity.

The claimed device works as follows. The screw pile with its spiral part 2 is installed vertically or at an angle on the ground at the installation point. The key of the pile screwing mechanism is inserted into the grooves 7 of the support flange 3. The torque from the key clockwise through the grooves 7 of the support flange 3 and the scarf 4 is transmitted to the pile body 1 and to the spiral part 2. The spiral part 2 sinks into the ground, dragging the pile body with it 1. After the required number of turns of the key, the vertical stability element 5 with bladed elements 12, resting against the sealing ring element 8, is pressed into the ground. After the pile is deepened to the design mark, the key is turned counterclockwise until it is disengaged in grooves 7 and removed vertically upwards from the support flange 3. Depending on the design solution, an electric cable is inserted through holes 6 or 9, onto the support flange 3 using holes 11, the movable element 10 installs the support structure using a detachable connection. The cycle is complete.

The use of the proposed device will increase the speed of screwing screw piles and bearing capacity.

Claims (1)

Screw pile, including a pile body with through grooves and a spiral part located on the pile body, made with a winding step of the spiral part equal to 0.5D-3D, where D is the body diameter, a supporting flange at the end of the pile body, a vertical stability element located between the spiral part part and a sealing annular element and made in the form of a sleeve with bladed elements, characterized in that the pile body has a movable element with threaded holes, made between the end of the pile body and the support flange with through grooves, under which there is a sealing annular element, and the spiral part made with a diameter equal to 1.1D-10D, where D is the diameter of the body.