RU2800286C1 - Composition of road bitumen (versions) and method for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road bitumen.

SUBSTANCE: one variant is a road bitumen composition comprising oxidized bitumen and tar, where the oxidized bitumen is an oxidation product of a mixture of tar and residual product of heavy oil residue hydrocracking. The amount of oxidized bitumen is from 60 to 75 wt.% relative to the total mass of the composition, and the amount of tar is from 25 to 40 wt.% relative to the total mass of the composition, and the amount of tar in this mixture is from 70 to 80 wt.% relative to the mass of the mixture, and the amount of residue from heavy oil residue hydrocracking in the said mixture is from 20 to 30 wt.% relative to the mass of the mixture.

EFFECT: road bitumen composition in which the residue from heavy oil residue hydrocracking is used while maintaining the necessary performance characteristics of the road bitumen composition for use in road construction and road maintenance, including proper characteristics of mass change on ageing, shear stability, fatigue resistance, low-temperature resistance.

12 cl, 1 dwg, 3 tbl, 7 ex

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES

The invention relates to road bitumen compositions, a method for producing a road bitumen composition and can be used in road construction and road maintenance. Road bitumen compositions have many different uses, including road paving, joint sealing, and road repair.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The vast majority of bitumen for road and construction purposes at the moment in the world and in the Russian Federation is produced by the oxidation of heavy oil residual raw materials - tar.

However, against the background of the inevitable deterioration in the quality of oil supplied for processing at refineries, and the depletion of traditional oil reserves, refineries around the world are beginning to pay more and more attention to hydrogenation processes that allow processing tar not into bitumen, but into lighter oil products - naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel, which allows increasing the overall economic efficiency from the processing of petroleum feedstock. In this case, as the residual products of such hydrogenation processes, which for the purposes of this invention are collectively called "hydrocracking", high-viscosity and high-boiling concentrates of asphaltenes and high-molecular resins are obtained. As a rule, such residual products are used for the production of low-quality fuel oil due to their low aggregation stability, as well as coke and other carbon-rich products. The methods for producing bitumen, as well as the compositions themselves involving residual products of hydrocracking of heavy residual oil feedstock, with qualitative characteristics in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents, are practically not described due to the little knowledge of the residual hydrocracking products themselves. In addition, the residual hydrocracking products of heavy oil residues are highly reactive to oxidative polycondensation processes, which ultimately affects the rapid oxidative aging of bitumen from such residues.

Recently, due to the fall in the cost of residual fuels (fuel oil) caused by the massive use of natural gas, as well as high investment costs for deep processing of tar into target products (delayed coking, hydrocracking), targeted measures have been taken to modernize the vacuum units of atmospheric-vacuum oil distillation plants, which led to the weighting of the obtained tars with an increase in the viscosity of tars with VU80 7 0-80 s (RF patent No. 2476580 published on August 20, 2011) up to 100-130 s and even 200 s and above.

At the same time, in addition to the current GOST 33133-2014 “Public automobile roads. Bitumens oil road viscous. Technical requirements” and GOST R 52056-2003 “Polymer-bitumen road binders based on styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers. Specifications” were developed and new more stringent requirements for bitumen products were developed and came into force - GOST R 58400.1-2019 “Public automobile roads. Materials knitting oil bituminous. Specifications taking into account the operating temperature range" and GOST R 58400.2-2019 "Public automobile roads. Materials knitting oil bituminous. Technical conditions taking into account the levels of operational traffic loads "with PG marking of bitumen products. There was a transition from classification according to conditional indicators that do not reflect the rheological properties of the binder and developed at the beginning of the 20th century (penetration, softening temperature according to the “ring and ball”, Fraas brittleness temperature) to classification according to rheological properties that have physical meaning (developed at the end of the 20th century). Secondly, in the Superpave methodology (SHRP Superpave), which underlies the newly adopted GOSTs, great attention is paid to the aging of binders, which is especially important for modern bitumen in conditions of deep oil refining. It is also very important that the methodology considers the limiting shear deformations and loads at the initial stage of the oxidation process, and the stiffness and creep of the bituminous binder at the end of the oxidation process. This issue was not taken into account in the previous approach. Thirdly, the methodology makes it possible to develop requirements for a binder depending on the climate of the road section and the traffic conditions along it. This issue was also practically not taken into account in the previous approach. These standards are developed on the basis of advanced foreign experience (EU and USA), based on the research of binders, as well as asphalt concrete in real operating conditions. Only if the requirements of the above regulatory documents are met can a high quality of such products be achieved.

All this poses serious challenges not only to preserve, but even improve the quality of road bitumen.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2721118 (C08L95 / 00, C10C3 / 04, C10G9 / 32, C08K3 / 06, C09D195 / 00, B01F3 / 10, B01F5 / 08, B01F11 / 02, B01J8 / 00, B01J19 / 10, pub. 15.05.202 0) an invention is described that makes it possible to process the residues of the H-Oil hydrogenation process by mixing the components of the raw material, which are a mixture of heavy oil-containing residues in the thermotropic mesophase, and liquid sulfur, the resulting mixture is heated to the temperature of sulfur polymerization and stirred in an environment without external oxidizers, while in order to achieve the homogeneity of the mixture, during the mixing process, receipt and turbulent flows are formed throughout the entire volume of the raw material. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

1. The complexity of the process using a cavitation unit, which will be subject to erosive wear in the presence of mechanical impurities and solid particles in the feed stream, which is typical for slurry hydrocracking residues;

2. When bitumen is produced, liquid sulfur is added to the raw mixture, which leads to the formation of significant amounts of gaseous sulfur oxides and hydrogen sulfide, which negatively affect the structure and characteristics of bitumen, such as mass change during aging, shear and fatigue resistance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a paving bitumen composition comprising a hydrocracking residue of heavy oil residual feedstock and having the necessary performance characteristics for use in road construction and road maintenance, including proper characteristics of mass change with aging, shear resistance, fatigue resistance, low temperature resistance.

One of the technical results of the present invention is to provide a paving bitumen composition that utilizes a hydrocracked heavy oil residual feedstock product while maintaining the necessary performance characteristics of a paving bitumen composition for use in road construction and road maintenance, including, without limitation, proper characteristics of mass change during aging, shear resistance, fatigue resistance, low temperature resistance.

Another technical result of the present invention is to ensure the involvement of the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock in the production of a road bitumen composition, providing an energy-efficient and / or less resource-intensive process while maintaining the necessary performance characteristics of the road bitumen composition, including, without limitation, the proper characteristics of mass change during aging, shear stability, fatigue resistance, low temperature stability.

Another technical result of the present invention is to enable the use of the residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock in the road bitumen composition without negatively affecting its characteristics, such as, without limitation, weight change during aging, shear, fatigue, low temperature resistance, for use in road construction and road maintenance.

Also, one technical result of the present invention is to reduce the environmental impact of hydrocracking products of heavy oil residual feedstock.

One of the technical results of the present invention is the efficient use of the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock in obtaining a composition of paving bitumen.

Said technical problem is solved and said technical results are achieved by means of the road bitumen compositions and the method for producing the road bitumen composition of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a road bitumen composition comprising oxidized bitumen and tar, where the oxidized bitumen is an oxidation product of a mixture of tar and a residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock, wherein:

the amount of oxidized bitumen is from 60% to 75% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition, and the amount of tar is from 25% to 40% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition,

the amount of tar in the specified mixture is from 70% to 80% wt. relative to the mass of the mixture, and the amount of residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock in the specified mixture is from 20% to 30% wt. relative to the weight of the mixture.

In one embodiment, the bottom oil hydrocracking bottom product is a tar hydrocracking bottom product.

According to one embodiment, the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock contains from 8% to 30% wt. asphaltenes.

According to another embodiment, the residual product of hydrocracking heavy oil residual feedstock contains from 25% to 35% wt. saturated hydrocarbons containing from 25 to 130 carbon atoms, preferably from 27 to 127 carbon atoms.

According to one embodiment, the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock contains from 25% to 35% wt. aromatic hydrocarbons containing from 25 to 130 carbon atoms, preferably from 27 to 127 carbon atoms.

According to one embodiment, the composition is for use in road construction and/or maintenance.

The present invention also relates to a road bitumen composition comprising:

from 50% to 63% wt. the composition described above

from 30% to 40% wt. residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock,

from 3% to 5% wt. plasticizer, and

from 4% to 5% wt. copolymer based on styrene and butadiene,

where % wt. are % wt. relative to the total weight of the composition.

According to one embodiment, the plasticizer is a vacuum gas oil. The vacuum gas oil may be a vacuum gas oil from straight-run heating oil.

In one embodiment, the styrene-butadiene copolymer is a linear or branched styrene-butadiene block copolymer. The styrene-butadiene block copolymer may have a molecular weight of 75,000 to 85,000 Da, and the styrene-butadiene block copolymer may have a styrene mass fraction of 30% to 35% wt. and a mass fraction of 1.2 units of butadiene from 10% to 20% wt.

The present invention also relates to a method for producing the paving bitumen composition described above, comprising the steps:

a) mixing tar and hydrocracking bottom product of heavy oil residual feedstock at a weight ratio of 2 to 4, preferably 2.3 to 4, to obtain a mixture of tar and bottom product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock,

b) oxidation of the mixture obtained in step a) in an oxidation plant to obtain oxidized bitumen,

c) mixing the oxidized bitumen obtained in step b) with tar at a mass ratio of oxidized bitumen to tar from 1.5 to 3 to obtain the first bitumen composition,

d) mixing the first bitumen composition with a plasticizer, a residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock, and a styrene-butadiene copolymer to form a road bitumen composition.

In the following description, embodiments of the present invention are shown and described in more detail. It should be understood that the invention is capable of other embodiments, and some of their details are capable of modification in various obvious aspects without departing from the invention, as set forth and described in the following claims. Accordingly, the drawings and description are, by nature, to be considered illustrative and not restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The image schematically and illustratively describes a flowchart of a process for preparing a paving bitumen composition of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In modern conditions, it is important to achieve the possibility of using processed products, for example, hydrocracking products of heavy oil residual feedstock, to obtain commercially demanded products of appropriate quality. This is also important from the point of view of an energy-efficient process of processing heavy oil feedstock, since the disposal of hydrocracking products of heavy oil residual feedstock is energy-consuming, and also leads to costs in economic terms and in terms of resource consumption. Additionally, it can be noted that not the entire volume of hydrocracking products of heavy oil residual feedstock can be utilized, which leads to an inevitable negative impact on the environment.

According to the present invention, paving bitumen compositions are provided in which the hydrocracked product of heavy oil residual feedstock (hereinafter referred to as "hydrocracking residue") can be effectively used without appreciably affecting the properties of the composition, including, without limitation, weight change during aging, shear, fatigue, low temperature resistance. Thus, the obtained road bitumen compositions correspond to all the necessary characteristics according to GOST. Such properties/characteristics of paving bitumen compositions include, for example, flash point, dynamic viscosity, shear stability, weight change after aging, fatigue resistance, low temperature stability.

The road bitumen composition according to the first embodiment includes oxidized bitumen and tar, where the oxidized bitumen is an oxidation product of a mixture of tar and a residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock. According to the present invention, the amount of oxidized bitumen is from 60% to 75% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition, and the amount of tar is from 25% to 40% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition. Also, according to the present invention, the amount of tar in the mixture for oxidation is from 70% to 80% wt. relative to the mass of the mixture, and the amount of hydrocracking residue in the mixture to oxidize the mixture is from 20% to 30% wt. relative to the weight of the mixture.

The present inventors have found that the use of a hydrocracking residue in a mixture with tar to produce oxidized bitumen allows the use of the hydrocracking residue in a paving bitumen composition (hereinafter referred to as "composition") in an efficient manner without significantly affecting the above resulting characteristics of the composition. The additional use of tar in addition to the oxidized bitumen allows the characteristics of the composition to be adjusted to obtain proper characteristics. The indicated contents of the hydrocracking residue and tar make it possible to effectively use the hydrocracking residue in the composition without any noticeable influence, in particular negative influence on the performance of the composition.

The hydrocracking residue may be a hydrocracked product of a heavy oil residual feedstock such as tar. However, the hydrocracking residue can also be a product of hydrocracking and other heavy oil residual feedstock having a high viscosity, for example, fuel oil, heavy gas oil, etc. The authors of the present invention have found that the use of the hydrocracking residue, namely tar, is the most appropriate in terms of the characteristics of the resulting composition. However, hydrocracking residues of other petroleum residues may also be used within the scope of the present invention. The hydrocracking process is generally unlimited and can be either stationary, fluidized bed or slurry hydrocracking processes, for example: Veba Combi Cracker, EST, LC-Fining.

The main indicators of the quality of the tar and the residue of its hydrocracking are presented in Table 1.

Table 1

Quality indicators Tar Hydrocracking Residue Density at 15°С according to GOST 3900, kg/m ³ 980-1007.4 1065-1150 Sulfur content according to GOST R 51947, % wt. 2.1-3.3 1.7-1.9 UV ₈₀ (Nominal viscosity) according to GOST 6258, s 150-240 - Coking capacity (micro method) ASTM D4530, % wt. 15-19 23-35 Pour point according to GOST 20287, ^o C 33 35 and up Asphaltenes Total 642, % wt. 3-5.5 8-28 The content of mechanical impurities, % wt. - 2-4 Fractional composition, boiling point ^o C:
n.k.
5%
10%
20%
thirty%
40%
50% 401
495 257
322
368
403
439
469
494

The hydrocracking residue according to the present invention may have various compositions. Thus, the hydrocracking residue may contain from 8% to 30% wt., preferably from 8% to 28% wt. asphaltenes, from 25% to 35% wt., preferably from 28% to 32% wt. saturated hydrocarbons containing from 25 to 130 carbon atoms, preferably from 27 to 127 carbon atoms, from 25% to 35% wt., preferably from 29% to 33% wt. aromatic hydrocarbons containing from 25 to 130 carbon atoms, preferably from 27 to 127 carbon atoms. The inventors of the present invention have found that the use of a hydrocracking residue containing the indicated amount of asphaltenes has the additional effect of making it possible to obtain compositions that have the proper characteristics associated with resistance to aging, for example, oxidative aging, thermal aging and a combination thereof, as well as weight change during aging. This content of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons also additionally affects the ability to effectively use the hydrocracking residue in the compositions without adversely affecting the performance properties/characteristics of the compositions.

The road bitumen composition according to the second embodiment includes the composition according to the first embodiment, a hydrocracking residue, a plasticizer, and a styrene-butadiene copolymer. The road bitumen composition according to the second embodiment may be a polymer bitumen binder composition for use in road construction and/or road maintenance.

Additionally, the inclusion of the hydrocracking residue in an amount of from 30% to 40% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition allows the effective use of the hydrocracking residue, providing a resource-intensive and energy-efficient process with a reduced impact on the environment. At the same time, this inclusion of the hydrocracking residue does not negatively affect the characteristics of the composition.

The authors of the present invention found that the use of a copolymer based on styrene and butadiene in the composition, in particular, a copolymer based on styrene and butadiene, as will be described below, and in an amount of from 4% to 5% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition allows efficient use of the hydrocracking residue. So, not wishing to be bound by theory, the authors of the present invention believe that the copolymers based on styrene and butadiene in the composition create their spatial structural network due to the interaction of polymer macromolecules with each other or "conjugated" structures with functional groups of asphaltenes, forming chemical bonds and thereby stabilizing asphaltenes, preventing them from coagulating and precipitating. This allows more hydrocracking residue to be involved, which is characterized by a higher asphaltene content compared to conventional tar-derived bitumen.

The styrene-butadiene copolymer used in the present invention may be a linear or branched styrene-butadiene block copolymer. The copolymer, in particular a block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene, may have a molecular weight of from 75,000 to 85,000 Da, a mass fraction of styrene from 30% to 35% wt. and a mass fraction of 1.2 units of butadiene from 10% to 20% wt. The use of such a styrene-butadiene-based copolymer is preferred in view of the above advantages achieved by using the copolymer in the composition.

The composition according to the present invention may include a plasticizer in an amount of from 3% to 5% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition, where the plasticizer is a vacuum gas oil, in particular, a vacuum gas oil obtained by vacuum distillation of straight-run fuel oil. Additionally, the inventors note that any oil product can be used as a plasticizer, evaporating in the range of 350-510 ° C and containing predominantly aliphatic hydrocarbons with a number of carbon atoms from 20 to 50. The use of such a plasticizer, especially in the specified amount, allows you to adjust the properties / characteristics of the composition. In particular, the plasticizer can be used to improve the dispersion of the copolymer, as well as to impart low temperature properties to the composition.

The method for producing a road bitumen composition according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:

a) mixing tar and residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock at a mass ratio of tar to residual product from 2 to 4, preferably from 2.3 to 4, to obtain a mixture of tar and residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock,

b) oxidation of the mixture obtained in step a) in an oxidation plant to obtain oxidized bitumen,

c) mixing the oxidized bitumen obtained in step b) with tar at a mass ratio of oxidized bitumen to tar from 1.5 to 3 to obtain the first bitumen composition, in particular, the composition according to the first embodiment,

d) mixing the first bitumen composition with a plasticizer, a residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock, and a styrene-butadiene copolymer to form a road bitumen composition.

Schematically, the method of obtaining a composition of road bitumen according to the present invention is presented in the drawing, while all obvious obvious aspects shown in the drawing are included in the present description. According to the image, oxidized bitumen is first obtained using the "peroxidation-dilution" technology. To do this, a mixture consisting of hydrocracking residue and tar is subjected to oxidation in an oxidizing column. In general, the tar can be any tar obtained from oil refining. For example, after processing, for example, oil refining, including, for example, electrical desalination, dehydration, atmospheric and vacuum distillation of oil. The oxidizing column can essentially be any column used to oxidize bitumen. In general, the oxidizer tower is a cylindrical vessel capable of blowing air into the feed tar in a vertical or horizontal direction. Such columns are well known in the art, for example US3935093 A discloses such an oxidizer column. Oxidation is carried out up to temperatures of 70-75°C according to KiSh. Then the oxidized bitumen is subjected to dilution with the original tar to temperatures of 48-49°C according to KiSh. Kish to obtain the first bitumen composition. The softening temperature of oxidized bitumen may be higher than the declared 70-75°C according to R&D, in which case the consumption of tar for dilution will be higher. Further, the process is either stopped and such a first bitumen composition is shipped for storage, or the process is continued to obtain a road bitumen composition according to the second embodiment. If the process is continued, the first bitumen composition is mixed with the hydrocracking residue and a plasticizer, for example, vacuum gas oil, and is fed to additional mixing, for example, in a mill, for example, a colloid mill. The mill is then fed with a copolymer based on styrene and butadiene. Conduct mixing with dispersion of the polymer in the structure of the mixture/composition. Next, the resulting stream/mixture/composition is sent to the stage of maturation, which, according to the authors of the present invention, is the formation of a spatial network of the polymer within 6-8 hours.

In particular, the drawing shows schematically and illustratively a method for producing a paving bitumen composition according to the present invention. Line 1 is intended for supply/transportation of tar and mixture of tar with hydrocracking residue to oxidation unit 2 to produce oxidized bitumen. Line 3 is designed to feed/transport the hydrocracking residue to the oxidation unit 2 through line 1 to obtain oxidized bitumen. In general, the lines 1, 1', 3, 3', 4, 4', 5, 6, 8 illustrated in the drawing may include appropriate conveying pipelines or any other conveying/feeding means known to a person skilled in the art for transporting/feeding materials, including tar, a mixture of tar and hydrocracking residue, oxidized bitumen, plasticizer (for example, vacuum gas oil), styrene-butadiene copolymer, the first composition, the composition of road bitumen. Also, lines 1, 1', 3, 3', 4, 4', 5, 6, 8 illustrated in the drawing may include appropriate mixers or any other mixing means known to a person skilled in the art for mixing the above components. In line 1, the tar and hydrocracking residue are mixed and/or compounded. The tar is fed through line 1, the hydrocracking residue is fed through line 3 to line 1, where in line 1 the tar and hydrocracking residue are mixed. The tar and hydrocracking residue can also be appropriately mixed in the oxidizer 2. Also, the tar and hydrocracking residue may be premixed in an appropriate mixer/feed to the oxidizer 2, such as an oxidizer. In oxidizer unit 2, the mixture of tar and hydrocracking residue from line 1 is oxidized to produce oxidized bitumen. The oxidized bitumen from unit 2 is then discharged through line 4. The tar is fed into line 4 through line 1' as a diluent to dilute the oxidized bitumen from unit 2. The tar and oxidized bitumen are mixed in line 4 to obtain the first composition or paving bitumen composition according to the first embodiment. On line 4, the resulting composition can be stored for further use. The resulting composition can be fed through line 4' into a mixing device 7, such as, for example, a mill, in particular a colloid mill. The plasticizer and styrene-butadiene copolymer from lines 5 and 6, respectively, are also fed to line 4' to subsequently feed the resulting mixture (for example, the second composition) to the mixing device 7. The plasticizer and styrene-butadiene copolymer can also be directly fed to the mixing device 7. The first composition, plasticizer and styrene-butadiene copolymer are mixed and / or compounded in the mixing device 7 to obtain the road bitumen composition according to the second embodiment, or the polymer-bitumen binder composition. The resulting composition is then sent through line 8 for storage and/or maturation.

The inventors of the present invention have found that the use of the component ratios indicated in steps a) and c) allows the hydrocracking residue to be used in an efficient manner to obtain compositions without adversely affecting the characteristics/properties of the composition.

Examples

The hydrocracking residue used in the examples was a tar hydrocracking residue with the composition as shown in Table 2.

table 2

Group composition (according to the SARA-analysis method) Hydrocracking residue,
% wt. Saturated hydrocarbons (HC)
Aromatic HC (AU)
Resins (C)
Asphaltenes (A)
carbenes
Carboids 28-32
29-33
18-21
8-28
0.5-2
0.1-1.0

A number of industrial tests were carried out, in which weighted high-viscosity tars were used, obtained at the industrial plant ELOU-AVT-7, as well as the residue of its hydrocracking. The ELOU-AVT-7 unit is a unit designed for oil refining, which provides for the processes of electric desalination, dehydration, atmospheric and vacuum distillation of oil.

Oxidation was carried out at the Biturox industrial plant, which is an oxidizing column, according to the reoxidation-dilution technology. However, the oxidation process can be carried out according to any other technology, for example, in hollow oxidizing cubes, in a thin film. A mixture of tar and the residue of its hydrocracking was used as a feedstock for oxidation, while maintaining the following operating parameters of the oxidizing column of the unit:

• Oxidation temperature, °С: 242-255 • Time spent in the reaction zone, hours: 5-6.6 • Air consumption, kg/h: 1000-2200 • Pressure in the reactor, MPa: 0.12-0.15

The oxidation feed was a mixture of the following composition, wt.%:

• Tar 70.0-80.0 • Residue from tar hydrocracking 20.0-30.0

The peroxidized mixture of tar and tar hydrocracking residue immediately after the reactor was diluted with tar, which was fed at a rate of 20 to 40% to the oxidized mixture. Compounded bitumen was further sent to storage cubes for storage at a temperature of 150-180°C. When filling the storage cube, a sample of bitumen is taken for its further analysis.

The content of the hydrocracking residue of heavy oil residual feedstock in the mixture of tar and the residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock averages 12-24% wt., and to increase it in the composition of the bitumen product, a block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene was introduced into its composition. In addition, a plasticizer was used to improve the dispersion of the polymer, as well as to impart low-temperature properties to the bituminous composition. For the purposes of the present invention, vacuum gas oil obtained by vacuum distillation of straight-run fuel oil from incoming oil was used as a plasticizer.

Example 1

As a raw material for oxidation, a mixture consisting of 20% wt. residue hydrocracking tar and 80% wt. tar.

Oxidation was carried out at 242°C, pressure 0.12-0.13 MPa and air flow 1050-1100 kg/h until softening of the product 60-65°C. After the reactor, tar was supplied to the oxidized bitumen in an amount of 25-30% wt. from the total weight of the composition. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements of the PG64-28 brand according to GOST 58400.1-2019.

Example 2

As a raw material for oxidation, a mixture consisting of 20% wt. residue hydrocracking tar and 80% wt. tar.

Oxidation was carried out at 245°C, pressure 0.12-0.13 MPa and air flow 1150-1200 kg/h until softening of the product 55-60°C. After the reactor, tar was supplied to the oxidized bitumen in an amount of 20-25% wt. from the total weight of the composition. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements of the PG64-28 brand according to GOST 58400.1-2019.

Example 3

As a raw material for oxidation, a mixture consisting of 30% wt. residue hydrocracking tar and 70% wt. tar.

Oxidation was carried out at 255°C, pressure 0.14-0.15 MPa and air flow 2050-2200 kg/h until softening of the product 70-75°C. After the reactor, tar was supplied to the oxidized bitumen in the amount of 40% wt. from the total weight of the composition. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements for the PG64-28 brand according to GOST 58400.1-2019.

Example 4

The bitumen composition was obtained by dispersing a mixture of the following composition, wt.%:

Composition of bitumen from example 1 52.6 Residue of tar hydrocracking 40.0 plasticizer 3.0 linear block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene 4.4

Dispersion was carried out at a temperature of 180-185°C in an industrial colloid mill, after which the mixture entered the ripening tanks. After 6 hours, samples were taken with subsequent analysis. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements for grade PG64-34 according to GOST 58400.1-2019.

Example 5

The bitumen composition was obtained by dispersing a mixture of the following composition, wt.%:

Composition of bitumen from example 1 62.4 Residue of tar hydrocracking 30.0 plasticizer 3.0 branched block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene 4.6

Dispersion was carried out at a temperature of 180-185°C in an industrial colloid mill, after which the mixture entered the ripening tanks. After 6 hours, samples were taken with subsequent analysis. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements for grade PG70-34 according to GOST 58400.1-2019 and grade PG 58(E)-28 according to GOST 58400.2-2019.

Example 6

The bitumen composition was obtained by dispersing a mixture of the following composition, wt.%:

Composition of bitumen from example 1 50.7 Residue of tar hydrocracking 40.0 plasticizer 5.0 linear block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene 4.3

Dispersion was carried out at a temperature of 180-185°C in an industrial colloid mill, after which the mixture entered the ripening tanks. After 6 hours, samples were taken with subsequent analysis. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements for grade PG64-34 according to GOST 58400.1-2019.

Example 7

The bitumen composition was obtained by dispersing a mixture of the following composition, wt.%:

Composition of bitumen from example 1 58.0 Residue of tar hydrocracking 35.0 plasticizer 3.0 branched block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene 4.0

Dispersion was carried out at a temperature of 180-185°C in an industrial colloid mill, after which the mixture entered the ripening tanks. After 6 hours, samples were taken with subsequent analysis. The characteristics of the resulting composition are shown in Table 3. The composition fully complies with the requirements for the PG64-28 brand according to GOST 58400.1-2019.

Table 3

No. p / p Name of indicator Unit rev. Requirements GOST R58400.1-2019 Examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quality indicators of the original bituminous binder 1. Flash point °C Not less than 230 287 288 282 285 293 280 290 2. Dynamic viscosity Pass At 135C No more than 3.0 1.171 1.251 0.536 1.133 1.357 1,100 1.25 3. Shear stability at 10 rad/s kPa At 58°C Not less than 1.0 2,530 3.136 4.020 2.651 3.375 2.541 2.951 At 64°C 1.175 1.489 1.920 1,570 2.001 1,460 1.67 At 70°C 0.559 0.734 0.942 0.656 1.126 0.71 0.91 Quality indicators of bituminous binder aged according to the RTFOT method 4. Weight change after aging % ±1.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.6 5. Shear stability at 10 rad/s kPa At 64°C Not less than 2.2 2.245 2.539 2.111 2.349 - 2.31 - At 70°C 1.104 1.654 4.453 1.296 2.719 2.0 2.4 Quality indicators of bituminous binder aged according to the PAV method at a temperature of 100°С 6. Fatigue resistance at 10 rad/s kPa At 22°C No more than 5000 955 749 2238 346 1154 331 1050 At 19°C 1824 1703 3218 523 2237 515 2125 7. Low temperature resistance:
- hardness S
- parameter m MPa At -18°С no more than 300
Not less than 0.3 170
0.367 358
0.196 438
0.206 19
0.469 191
0.384 62
0.522 181
0.321 At -24°С 339
0.209 132
0.344 218
0.253 10
0.447 254
0.311 56
0.464 220
0.287

Claims (23)

1. Composition of road bitumen, including oxidized bitumen and tar, where oxidized bitumen is a product of oxidation of a mixture of tar and residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock, and: the amount of oxidized bitumen is from 60% to 75% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition, and the amount of tar is from 25% to 40% wt. relative to the total weight of the composition, the amount of tar in the specified mixture is from 70% to 80% wt. relative to the mass of the mixture, and the amount of residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock in the specified mixture is from 20% to 30% wt. relative to the weight of the mixture. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the bottom oil hydrocracking bottom product is a tar hydrocracking bottom product. 3. The composition according to claim 1, in which the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock contains from 8% to 30% wt. asphaltenes. 4. The composition according to any one of paragraphs.1-3, in which the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock contains from 25% to 35% wt. saturated hydrocarbons containing from 25 to 130 carbon atoms, preferably from 27 to 127 carbon atoms. 5. The composition according to any one of paragraphs.1-4, in which the residual product of the hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock contains from 25% to 35% wt. aromatic hydrocarbons containing from 25 to 130 carbon atoms, preferably from 27 to 127 carbon atoms. 6. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition is for use in road construction and/or maintenance. 7. Composition of road bitumen, containing: from 50% to 63% wt. compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 6, from 30% to 40% wt. residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock, from 3% to 5% wt. plasticizer, and from 4% to 5% wt. copolymer based on styrene and butadiene, where % wt. are % wt. relative to the total weight of the composition. 8. The composition of claim 7 wherein the plasticizer is vacuum gas oil. 9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the vacuum gas oil is a vacuum gas oil from straight-run fuel oil. 10. A composition according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the styrene-butadiene-based copolymer is a linear or branched styrene-butadiene-based block copolymer. 11. The composition according to claim 10, in which the block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene has a molecular weight of from 75,000 to 85,000 Da, and the block copolymer based on styrene and butadiene has a mass fraction of styrene from 30% to 35% wt. and a mass fraction of 1.2 units of butadiene from 10% to 20% wt. 12. A method for producing a road bitumen composition according to any one of claims 7-11, including the steps: a) mixing tar and residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock at a mass ratio of tar to residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock from 2 to 4 to obtain a mixture of tar and residual product of hydrocracking of heavy oil residual feedstock, b) oxidation of the mixture obtained in step a) in an oxidation plant to obtain oxidized bitumen, c) mixing the oxidized bitumen obtained in step b) with tar at a mass ratio of oxidized bitumen to tar from 1.5 to 3 to obtain the first bitumen composition, d) mixing the first bitumen composition with a plasticizer, a residual hydrocracking product of heavy oil residual feedstock, and a styrene-butadiene copolymer to form a road bitumen composition.