RU2796214C1 - Collapsible support pyramid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metal processing.

SUBSTANCE: collapsible support pyramid consists of three removable sections made of metal profile in the form of a frame structure. The first removable section is made in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid, in the upper base of which a sleeve is fixed to install a metal rod into it. The second removable section is made in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid, in the upper base of which a sleeve is also fixed to install a metal rod into it. The third removable section is made in the form of a parallelepiped and has a hollow power element to fix this section with a cylindrical rod of the second section. The first and second removable sections also have additional vertical power elements fixed between the metal plates of the top and bottom of sections. Removable sections are equipped with mounts for installing handles. The geometry of one collapsible support pyramid is designed to provide a bearing capacity of up to 45 tons.

EFFECT: optimization of the production and industrial process, enhancement of the reliability of the design and elimination of traumatic operations during repair and emergency recovery work with the vehicle.

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Description

Technical field

A collapsible support pyramid refers to a device, mechanisms, specialized equipment and tools used in organizing and carrying out repair, emergency recovery work, both with railway rolling stock and other vehicles having a frame base, or a load-bearing body, and is intended for a fixed support of a transport vehicle. means without a wheeled trolley in a horizontal position, at a given height without the use of additional lifting mechanisms.

State of the art

From the prior art of such a device, only an easily assembled support for supporting an aircraft is known, made in the form of a hexagonal prism having three inclined beams. The lower ends of which are connected by removable couplers and provided with screw supports, and the upper ends are connected to the body of the support unit, containing the head from above to rest against the mating unit (on the plane) and the king pin from below for installation in the corresponding socket of the hydraulic lift. Each inclined beam contains a block with a guide roller rigidly fixed on its outer side near the upper end, and a winch rigidly fixed on the outer side of the beam between the block with the guide roller and the lower end. In this case, the winch cable passes through the guide roller and contains a mounting hook at the end, and the support assembly housing contains at least one element for attaching the mounting hook. The design is patented as utility model No. RU 137594 U1; IPC: F16M 11/42 (2006.01), publication date 20.02.2014

The disadvantage of such a support device lies in the design itself, where the inclined beams are made in separate parts, the base of which has a small contact area (stop) with the ground and does not have a rigid frame between them, which ensures a high stress concentration in each support and does not provide a uniform distribution of gravity on the entire support structure, arising after assembly and installation of the fixture under the vehicle (wagon). The use of such a design would not provide reliable fixation (support) of the vehicle and its holding in a horizontal position during the organization and conduct of repair or emergency recovery work.

On the railway, a type-setting structure of wooden sleepers is used, which are laid manually under the thrust bearing or the edges of the railway car (in a stack).

The disadvantages of this analog are the performance of traumatic manipulations (transfer of wooden sleepers, their manual laying with entry into the gauge of the car that is in suspension) during repair, emergency and restoration work (using a crane on a railway track or special jacks).

The solution to the technical problem of the claimed invention was to overcome the technical disadvantages inherent in analogues, which led to the need to create a new design that ensures ease of manufacture, a high degree of reliability and optimization of production and technological processes during repair or emergency recovery work (transportation, convenience and reduction of assembly time / disassembly of the structure, the exclusion of traumatic operations during the assembly and installation of the structure under the vehicle), as well as the expansion of the arsenal of technical means and devices used in repair and emergency restoration work both with railway rolling stock and other vehicles that are resistant to breakage and destruction of the structure, increasing the operational reliability of the device.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The technical result of the claimed invention is to optimize the production and technological process, increase the reliability of the design, and eliminate traumatic operations during repair and emergency recovery work with the vehicle. What is achieved due to the manufacture of a structure in the form of a collapsible support pyramid consisting of three removable sections made of an angular profile in the form of frames. Removable sections contain metal plates as upper and lower bases. The design of the collapsible pyramid is made with the possibility of fastening the removable sections by means of cylindrical rods. The first removable section (the base of the pyramid) is made in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid 600 mm high with the ratio of the sides of the lower base 600 mm by 600 mm and the upper base 430 mm by 430 mm, a sleeve for installing a metal rod is fixed in the upper base of the first removable section, the second ( the middle) removable section is made in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid 400 mm high with a ratio of the sides of the lower base 430 mm by 430 mm and the upper base 300 mm by 300 mm, a sleeve for installing a metal rod is fixed in the upper base of the second removable section, the third removable section (top pyramid) is made in the form of a parallelepiped 200 mm high with a ratio of the sides of the lower and upper bases of 300 mm by 300 mm and has a power element in the form of a pipe, which also makes it possible to fix the third removable section with a cylindrical rod. The first and second removable sections also have additional vertical strength elements attached between the metal plates of the top and bottom of the sections. Removable sections are equipped with mounts for installing handles.

For the convenience of transferring the support pyramid to the place of work, all three (removable) sections have technological fasteners for installing handles 2300 mm long. Handles can be made of aluminum pipes with a diameter of 35 mm (Fig. 4):

- the first section has a technological fastening for the installation of portable handles in the form of sections of two pipes with a diameter of 50 mm, a length of 500 mm (element 3, Fig. 1) fixed in a horizontal form in the middle part of the section;

- the second section has a technological fastening for the installation of portable handles in the form of segments of two corners with a section of 50 × 50 mm, 380 mm long (element 3.1, Fig. 2) fixed in a horizontal state in the middle part of the section;

- the third section has technological fasteners for the installation of portable handles in the form of 4 rings from a pipe segment with a diameter of 50 mm, a length of 25-30 mm (element 3.2, Fig. 3) fixed under the extreme upper corner of the section.

Such a pyramid design is easily transferred to the place of work, both disassembled and assembled (Fig. 4), and installed under a faulty vehicle without entering its clearance by four workers.

The assembly of the pyramid structure is carried out sequentially by installing sections on top of each other on the cylindrical rods of each section for reduction.

The truncated surface of the third section of the pyramid has a size of 300×300 mm. Compared with the prototype (an easily assembled support used to support an aircraft and having a complex structure and a small area of the support head fixing the vehicle), the design of the claimed invention provides a reduction in the concentration of stress transmitted from a faulty vehicle to the upper section of the pyramid, as well as a smooth distribution and transmission of vertical load acting on the entire structure of the pyramid (from the top to the base of the pyramid), which has the main function of support in the absence of a wheeled bogie. This design of the support device ensures the exclusion of traumatic operations during repair or emergency recovery work with a faulty (emergency) vehicle; Technological processes have been optimized to reduce and facilitate the assembly / disassembly time and transportation of the collapsible support pyramid.

The lower part of the third section of the pyramid is made in the same way as its upper part with the same size of 300×300 mm, which increases the durability of the structure.

The result was the choice of a design option consisting of three removable sections, where the upper part of each section is the supporting part of the next section, increasing the stability of the structure and reducing the impact of bursting loads acting on the frame structure and stiffeners. An additional fixator for each subsequent section during their assembly is cylindrical rods installed through holes in the metal plates of the sleeve. The sleeves are fixed in metal plates from their lower part. Metal plates are installed and fixed on top of the first and second sections of the pyramid. The rod of the second section imitates the king pin and increases the reliability of fastening the sections in a single structure when installing the support pyramid under the frame base or the carrier body of the vehicle.

The geometry of one collapsible support pyramid is designed to provide a bearing capacity of up to 45 tons Brief description of the drawings

The claimed invention of the collapsible support pyramid is illustrated by photographs and drawings, which show the following:

fig. 1 - section No. 1 (with footnotes to the elements);

fig. 2 - section No. 2 (with footnotes to the elements);

fig. 3 - section No. 3 (with footnotes to the elements);

fig. 4 - supporting pyramid in the assembled state - side view.

Positions in the figures with sections indicate the following elements:

1 - corner of the welded frame structure;

2 - power elements;

3 - mounts for installing elongated handles for transferring the structure;

4 - cylindrical rod;

5 - metal plates of the upper and lower bases of the sections;

6 - sleeve for installing cylindrical rods;

7 - holes for installing cylindrical rods.

In the manufacture of welded structures of removable sections of the support pyramid, there are several features:

The design feature of the third section of the truncated pyramid is that the section has 1 stiffener (2), which ensures the reliability of the structure and does not impair performance. To transfer the collapsible support pyramid to the place of work, all three removable sections have technological fasteners (3, 3.1, 3.2) for installing elongated handles (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) 2300 mm long and 35 mm in diameter. The first section has a technological fastening in the form of sections of two pipes (3) with a diameter of 50 mm, a length of 500 mm; the second section has a technological fastening in the form of segments of two corners (3.1) with a section of 50 × 50 mm, 380 mm long; the third section has technological fasteners in the form of 4 rings from a pipe segment (3.2) with a diameter of 50 mm, 25-30 mm long, fixed in the upper corner of the section. This is due to material savings and a reduction in the weight of the pyramid structure.

Implementation of the invention

The frame structure of the removable sections of the collapsible support pyramid (Fig. 4) is made of an angular profile (1) (for example, 50×50 mm in size and 4 mm thick). Elements of steel structures are connected by butt fastening (except for the plates in the lower part of each section, where the plates are overlapped to the bottom of the frame).

To enhance the rigidity of the frame structure, vertical power elements are fixed in the first and second sections (for example, from 4 pieces of metal pipes (2), the third section of the pyramid has 1 frame structure amplifier (Fig. 2, 3, 4).

To fix each subsequent section of the pyramid on top of each other, special sleeves (6, figs. 1 and 2) are fixed on metal plates in the upper part of the first and second sections, in which cylindrical rods (4, 4.1, figs. 1 and 2) are installed. The rod of the second section at the same time imitates the kingpin of the car, when using this device in railway transport, which increases the reliability of fastening the pyramid structure when it is installed under the railway car. To install the second and third sections on cylindrical rods, there are technological holes in the metal plates of the lower part, and at the third section and at the top (7). The design feature of the third section (Fig. 3) is that the cylindrical rod passes inside the reinforcement (rib) of the section structure stiffness made in the form of a pipe segment (2).

When organizing repair or emergency recovery work with a vehicle, the installation of the support pyramid structure can be carried out both in the assembled state (4 people are recommended) and disassembled (2 people are enough) by installing pyramid sections on top of each other directly under the frame base or load-bearing body of the vehicle. Handles made of aluminum pipes are used to transfer the support pyramid to the place of work and install it under the vehicle with the exception of workers entering its clearance (Fig. 5). The handles are attached to the collapsible support pyramid structure by passing them through special technological devices (fasteners) (Fig. 5).

The design of the claimed invention of a collapsible support pyramid has the following technical characteristics, depending on the parameters of the vehicle (railway rolling stock):

Example: section #1

The height of the first section of the pyramid is 600 mm;

The size of the base (section) of the pyramid - 600 × 600 mm;

The size of the top section of the pyramid - 430×430 mm;

The first section of the pyramid has the following constituent elements:

Vertical stiffeners (2) are made in the form of 4 pipe sections 580 mm long and 76 mm in diameter;

Technological devices for fastening the transfer handles of this section separately or the entire support pyramid (3) - made in the form of 2 pieces of pipes, 500 mm long and 50 mm in diameter;

Cylindrical rod (4) 300 mm long and 50 mm in diameter;

Metal plate of the base (bottom) of the pyramid (5.1) - 8 mm thick, and 599x599 mm in size;

The metal plate of the top of the section (5) is 8 mm thick and 330×330 mm in size;

Sleeve (6) for installing a cylindrical rod into a section with a diameter of 55-56 mm and a length of 150 mm;

Hole (7) in the metal plate of the upper part of the pyramid section with a diameter of 55 mm.

Example: section #2

The height of the second section of the pyramid is 400 mm;

The size of the base section of the pyramid - 430×430 mm;

The size of the top section of the pyramid - 300×300 mm;

The second section of the pyramid has the following constituent elements:

Vertical stiffeners (2) are made in the form of 4 pipe sections 380 mm long and 76 mm in diameter;

Technological devices for fastening the transfer handles of the pyramid section (3.1) - made in the form of 2 segments of a corner, 50 × 50 mm in size and 380 mm long;

Cylindrical rod (4.1), which also imitates the wagon pin, 450 mm long and 50 mm in diameter;

Metal plate of the base (bottom) of the section (5.3) - 8 mm thick, and 429 × 429 mm in size;

The metal plate of the top of the section (5.2) is 8 mm thick and 200×200 mm in size;

Sleeve (6) for installing a cylindrical rod (pivot) in a section with a diameter of 55-56 mm and a length of 150 mm;

Hole (7) in the metal plates of the top and bottom of the pyramid section with a diameter of 55 mm.

Example: section #3

The height of the third section of the pyramid is 200 mm;

The size of the top and bottom of the pyramid section - 300×300 mm;

The third section of the pyramid has the following constituent elements:

The vertical stiffener (2) is made in the form of 1 piece of pipe 180 mm long and 90-100 mm in diameter;

Technological devices for fastening the transfer handles of the pyramid section (3.2) are made in the form of 4 rings (sections from a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 25-30 mm;

Metal plate of the base (bottom) of the section (5.4) - 8 mm thick, and 299 × 299 mm in size;

The metal plate of the top of the section (5.2) is 8 mm thick and 200×200 mm in size;

Holes (7) in the metal plates of the top and bottom of the pyramid section with a diameter of 55 mm.

Thus, the claimed design of the collapsible support pyramid provides ease of manufacture, a high degree of reliability and operational characteristics.

Claims (1)

The collapsible support pyramid consists of three removable sections made of a metal profile in the form of a frame structure, the removable sections contain metal plates as upper and lower bases, the removable sections are made with the possibility of fastening by means of cylindrical rods, the first removable section is made in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid, in the upper base of which is fixed with a sleeve for inserting a metal rod into it, the second removable section is made in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid, in the upper base of which a sleeve is also fixed for inserting a metal rod into it, the third removable section is made in the form of a parallelepiped and has a hollow power element, allowing to fix this section with a cylindrical rod of the second section, the first and second removable sections also have additional vertical power elements fixed between the metal plates of the top and bottom of the sections, the removable sections are equipped with fasteners for installing handles, the geometry of one collapsible support pyramid is designed to provide a bearing capacity of up to 45 tons.

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