RU2795242C1 - Supply and recirculation unit with recovery function and method of its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: air ventilation systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to indoor air handling units that supply fresh air to a room. The air handling unit includes a housing and at least one air channel. The housing has at least one opening for supply air intake, equipped with a heating element, at least one opening for recirculating air intake and at least one opening for air extraction. The air channel communicates with at least one opening for supply air intake. Inside the housing are a coarse filter, a high-efficiency filter, a heat exchanger and a fan. In this case, the fan is located along the air flow after the heat exchanger and before the high-efficiency filter. Openings for supply and recirculation air intake are placed relative to the heat exchanger in such a way that supply and recirculation air pass through the heat exchanger crosswise.

EFFECT: reducing the consumption of electricity for heating the supply air during the operation of the supply and recirculation unit, as well as reducing the noise level produced by the fan with high air purification efficiency.

22 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Technical field

[1] The present invention relates to indoor air handling units that supply fresh air to a room.

State of the art

[2] In order to purify and / or heat the air in closed office and residential premises, various climatic equipment is often installed, such as air purifiers, air valves, air conditioners, etc. Each of these devices has its own set of functions. For example, air conditioners circulate indoor air and cool or heat it, air purifiers purify recirculated air, and air valves bring fresh outdoor air into the room. Room supply and recirculation units have the ability to both supply fresh air from the street into the room, purifying and heating it, and purify the recirculated air in the room.

[3] Air handling units are usually equipped with at least one outdoor air intake, at least one indoor air intake, and at least one indoor air outlet. Fans are installed in the case to ensure the movement of air from the intake hole to the air outlet hole through the filter unit and the heater. Most often, air filtering installations consist of at least one coarse filter and at least one fine filter. Typically, the disadvantage of such devices is the high consumption of electricity for heating the supply air when operating in conditions of negative outdoor temperatures.

[4] A device is known according to patent RU 80923 U1 (publ. 27.02.2009; IPC: F24F 7/00), designed for ventilation of small rooms equipped with sealed windows. The supply ventilation device includes a fresh air supply channel located in the wall, an electric heater with overheating protection elements, an internal heat-insulated housing forming a channel for recirculating room air with a filter, a fan and a valve installed in it. When the valve is moved, the inlet channel is opened with simultaneous blocking of the recirculation channel. The device is additionally equipped with an air temperature sensor at the outlet to the room and an automatic control system with an electric drive that controls the valve position according to the current value of the temperature of the air supplied to the room. The device, by automatically changing the ratio of inflow and recirculating room air, prevents subcooling below the set value of the air supplied to the room in winter and overheating in summer. The electric heater, equipped with a manual power switch, allows you to increase the proportion of inflow in winter. The first disadvantage of the described device is that the temperature measurement sensor is located only at the outlet, which does not allow correcting the operation of the fan based on the supply air temperature. If the supply air temperature is too low, it can also cause moisture to condense and freeze inside the case, which can damage the internal components of the unit. Another disadvantage is that an electric heater is used as a heater. Electric heaters dry the air if they are not equipped with additional humidifiers and / or ionizers. The most significant drawback of the device is the absence of a heat exchanger in it, which allows organizing heat exchange between supply and recirculation air. This greatly increases the requirements for the heater, as well as the electricity spent on heating the air.

[5] A supply and purification ventilation unit is also known according to patent RU 176378 U1 (published on January 17, 2018; IPC: F24F 7/00). The supply and cleaning ventilation unit consists of a housing with an opening for connecting the housing to an air duct and a coarse filter installed in the grooves between the opening and the rear wall of the housing and equipped with a handle for removal and cleaning and an air intake grille placed in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the opening. Inside the housing there is a heating element installed in a plastic holder, bolted to the rear wall of the housing, heat-insulating material, an inflow valve. In the middle part of the housing, three fine filters are installed in series on guides. In the lower part of the housing, a fan is fixed on the bottom, equipped with a casing and connected to a power source. In the upper part of the housing there is a control unit containing a control board, which is electrically connected to the carbon dioxide sensor and the air dust sensor by means of loops. The fan ensures the supply of outside air through the opening or air from the room through the air intake grille and the removal of purified air through the air outlet grille into the room. The inflow valve is mounted on a movable pin on the back of the housing, it has two positions - open / closed, changed by an electric motor connected to the control board of the control unit, using a remote control, automatically or from external devices via Wi-Fi. The most significant drawback of the device is the absence of a heat exchanger in it, which allows organizing heat exchange between supply and recirculation air. This greatly increases the requirements for the heater, as well as the electricity spent on heating the air. Another drawback is that the device is not capable of working in mixed mode, ie. simultaneously process both supply and recirculation air. In the case when the device operates in the supply mode, due to the lack of recirculation, it is impossible to reduce the cost of electricity for heating the supply air at its low temperatures. Thus, the requirements for the heater in conditions of negative temperature, as well as the cost of electricity, are significantly increased. Moreover, it makes it impossible to purify the indoor air, that is, the cleanliness of the indoor air cannot be guaranteed. In turn, when the recirculation mode is on, fresh air is not supplied. Also, in the described device, there is no temperature sensor that allows you to determine whether the heating element has heated the supply air to the desired temperature. This makes it impossible to automatically adjust the fan operation. In addition to all of the above, the disadvantage of the device is the fact that the fan in the air flow is placed after the filter unit. This makes the device noisier.

[6] The Breezer O2 device of JSC Tion Smart Microclimate is known (Electronic resource. Access mode: https://tion.ru/product/breezer-tion-o2/; Date of access: 28.07.2022; production: Russia ; release date: before 2016). The Breezer Tion O2 compact ventilation device is designed to create a healthy comfortable indoor microclimate by actively forcing fresh air into the building and filtering it. At the same time, air is cleaned from all types of pollution using a three-stage filtration system, fresh air is constantly and in the right amount supplied from the street to the room by a low-noise fan, if necessary, an air heating system with a climate control function is used. The disadvantage of the described device is that it provides only the air supply mode. In view of this, it becomes impossible to purify the indoor air, that is, the cleanliness of the indoor air cannot be guaranteed. Also, due to the lack of recirculation, it is impossible to reduce the cost of electricity for heating the supply air at its low temperatures. Thus, the requirements for the heater in conditions of negative temperature, as well as the cost of electricity, are significantly increased. Another drawback is that the air flow fan is placed after the filter block. This makes the device noisier.

[7] An air purifier is also known according to the application US 20160001212 A1 (published on 01/07/2016; IPC: B01D 46/00; B01D 46/46; B01D 46/44). The air purifier includes a housing that includes a floor air supply duct, a room air inlet, and an outlet. The air mixing chamber inside the housing is in direct communication with the specified room air inlet and the specified floor duct inlet. The filter is located in the housing. A fan is disposed in said housing between the filter outlet and the filter outlet side. The air channel panel is located in the inlet area of the filter between the air mixing chamber and the filter. Various sensors can be used to control the temperature and prevent untreated air from escaping from the room air cleaner. An additional wall inlet can be placed in fluid communication with the air mixing chamber to provide a second source of outdoor air. The first disadvantage of the device is that all sensors are located only at the outlet of the device, in particular, the temperature sensor. This does not allow the fan operation to be corrected based on the supply air temperature. If the supply air temperature is too low, it can also cause moisture to condense and freeze inside the case, which can damage the internal components of the unit. Also in the analogue there is no heat exchanger, which is a significant drawback. Due to the lack of heat exchange between the supply and recirculation air, the requirements for the heater are greatly increased, as well as the electricity spent on heating the air. In addition, the air flow fan is located after the filter unit. This makes the device noisier.

[8] Also known is the device Breezer 4S of the company JSC "Tion Smart Microclimate" (Electronic resource. Access mode: https://tion.ru/product/tion-breezer-4s/; Date of access: 28.07.2022; production: Russia; release date: 2021). The device is a compact supply ventilation device for airing an apartment or office. The windows remain closed, and Breezer 4S delivers purified, heated to a comfortable temperature, oxygenated air into the room. At the same time, the device will get rid of street noise, dust, harmful gases and drafts - everything that interferes when we open windows. In addition, forced ventilation provides a high degree of purification of the supplied air. The first disadvantage of the device is that the device is not capable of operating in mixed mode, i.e. simultaneously process both supply and recirculation air. In the case when the device operates in the supply mode, due to the lack of recirculation, it is impossible to reduce the cost of electricity for heating the supply air at its low temperatures. Thus, the requirements for the heater in conditions of negative temperature, as well as the cost of electricity, are significantly increased. Moreover, it makes it impossible to purify the indoor air, that is, the cleanliness of the indoor air cannot be guaranteed. In turn, when the recirculation mode is on, fresh air is not supplied. Another drawback is that the air flow fan is placed after the filter block. This makes the device noisier.

[9] The device Recuperator Blauberg Winzel Expert RA1-50 P is known (Electronic resource. Access mode: https://winzel.ru/Winzel_EAC133-4RU_A4_stkr-07_PREVIEW.PDF; Date of access: 07/28/2022; representative in the Russian Federation: Society with limited liability "ZERN"; manufacturer: Private Joint Stock Company "Ventilation Systems", Ukraine; date of issue: 2017). The Blauberg Winzel Expert RA1-50 P heat exchanger is a supply and exhaust ventilator with heat recovery, which can provide the premises with fresh and clean air without opening windows. At the same time, the air enters purified and heated during the cold season. The operation of recuperators is based on the process of recuperation. This allows you to ventilate the room with warm air during the cold season and at the same time bear the minimum cost of electricity. The Expert RA1-50 P unit is equipped with a ceramic energy accumulator with a regeneration efficiency of up to 97% (depending on the operating conditions of the device), which provides heating of the supply purified air due to the heat of the removed exhaust air. The ventilator consists of an indoor unit with a decorative front panel, a cartridge, an air duct with a noise insulator and an external ventilation hood. The main functional part of the ventilator is the cartridge. The cartridge includes fans, a regenerator and two filters that provide rough air purification, as well as prevent dust and foreign objects from entering the regenerator and fan. The indoor unit is provided with protective shutters, which close when the ventilator is turned off and prevent backflow of air and prevent drafts. An external ventilation hood is provided on the street side to prevent direct ingress of water and large objects into the ventilator. The disadvantage of the described device is that it provides only the air supply mode. In view of this, it becomes impossible to purify the indoor air, that is, the cleanliness of the indoor air cannot be guaranteed. In addition, there is no heater in the analog, which is why when the “regeneration” mode is turned on, a comfortable air temperature in the room cannot be ensured in conditions of very low air temperature outside. Also in the described device, at least one of the filters is located before the heat exchanger. Because of this, during operation of the device at low temperatures, frost may form on the filters. This makes the filter unusable much faster, because. how it settles not only particles that clog the air, but also moisture, which will subsequently freeze. If the filter completely freezes, then the air will completely stop flowing into the room or will flow in an extremely small amount. Moreover, this creates a greater pressure drop across the filter and increases the load on the unit's fan. It may also damage the filter structure. Another disadvantage is that the optional F8 class filter is placed before the G3 class filters. This is meaningless, because the F8 class filter is a fine filter that cleans the air from fine particles whose characteristic size is more than 1 micron, and the G3 filter is a coarse filter that cleans the air from coarse dust and small debris. Consequently, all small debris and large dust will settle on the F8 class filter, which will very quickly reduce its resource and render it unusable. Also, the air flow fan is placed after most filters. This makes the device noisier. In addition, the disadvantage is that the device uses a regenerative type heat exchanger as a heat exchanger. Warm polluted air is drawn out of the room and passes through the ceramic regenerator, which is gradually heated and humidified. 70 seconds after the start of heating the ceramic regenerator, the ventilator switches to blowing air into the room. Further, fresh cold air from the street passes through the ceramic regenerator, is humidified and heated to room temperature due to the heat accumulated in the regenerator. After 70 seconds, when the regenerator cools down, the ventilator switches back to extracting air from the room, and the cycle repeats. In this mode, when two ventilators are installed, they operate in antiphase. While one ventilator pumps air, the second pulls it out. The constant switching of fans significantly increases the load on them.

[10] Also known is the Vakio Base Smart ventilation device from Vakio LLC (Electronic resource. Access mode: https://vakio.ru/product/vakio-base-smart/; Date of access: 07/28/2022; production: Russia; release date: until 2022). The VAKIO device is designed for energy-saving ventilation of residential premises of apartments, hotels, dormitories, office premises, offices, etc. It supplies fresh air to the room, purifies dust and pollen and removes polluted air, while providing the air exchange required for comfort in the room. The device is able to supply the room with heated fresh air in winter, but it does not consume electrical or thermal energy to heat it. The above device uses the technology of reverse ventilation flow. The fan sequentially takes fresh air from the street and delivers it to the room, and then removes the room air polluted with carbon dioxide and odors to the street. At the same time, warm air from the room passes through a heat exchanger - a regenerator, which accumulates heat, due to which the cool outdoor air is heated. The device fully provides the required air exchange in a separate room: it supplies fresh and purified air and removes room air. In addition, the main mode of operation of the device can perform the functions of a conventional window, supply and exhaust fan. The disadvantage of the described device is that it provides only the air supply mode. In view of this, it becomes impossible to purify the indoor air, that is, the cleanliness of the indoor air cannot be guaranteed. In addition, there is no heater in the analog, which is why when the “regeneration” mode is turned on, a comfortable air temperature in the room cannot be ensured in conditions of very low air temperature outside. The device described uses a regenerative type heat exchanger. Warm polluted air is drawn out of the room and passes through the ceramic regenerator, which is gradually heated and humidified. 70 seconds after the start of heating the ceramic regenerator, the ventilator switches to blowing air into the room. Further, fresh cold air from the street passes through the ceramic regenerator, is humidified and heated to room temperature due to the heat accumulated in the regenerator. After 70 seconds, when the regenerator cools down, the ventilator switches back to extracting air from the room, and the cycle repeats. In this mode, when two ventilators are installed, they operate in antiphase. While one ventilator pumps air, the second pulls it out. Another disadvantage is that only a G3 class filter is installed in the device. This filter is a coarse filter and removes only coarse dust and fine debris from the supply air. In view of this, when installing such a device in places where there is, for example, a large traffic congestion on the street or other sources of unpleasant odors, these odors will enter the room, as well as smaller harmful particles, such as pollen, PM2.5 particles and many other allergens.

The essence of the invention

[11] The objective of the present invention is the creation of a supply and recirculation unit and the development of a method for its application, providing a reduction in electricity consumption when air is heated in the supply mode, as well as effective air purification from harmful particles with a reduced noise level produced by the fan.

[12] This task is achieved due to such a technical result as reducing the consumption of electricity for heating the supply air during the operation of the air handling unit, as well as reducing the noise level produced by the fan, with high air purification efficiency. This objective is achieved, among other things, but not limited to:

• the presence of only one ventilation duct for air intake from the street;

• the use of a cross enthalpy heat exchanger to organize heat exchange between supply and recirculation air;

• use of one fan located in a warm zone;

• purification of air after its mixing;

• use of one filter for inflow and for recirculation;

• Possibility of automatic operation of the installation according to the readings of temperature sensors;

• placement of the filter at the outlet of the installation, ie. after the fan.

[13] More fully, the technical result is achieved by a supply and recirculation installation, including a housing and at least one air channel. The housing has at least one opening for supply air intake, equipped with a heating element, at least one opening for recirculating air intake and at least one opening for air outlet. The air channel communicates with at least one opening for supply air intake. Inside the housing are a coarse filter, a high-efficiency filter, a heat exchanger and a fan. At the same time, the fan is located along the air flow after the heat exchanger and before the high-efficiency filter. Openings for supply and recirculation air intake are placed relative to the heat exchanger in such a way that supply and recirculation air pass through the heat exchanger crosswise.

[14] At least one air duct and an opening for supply air intake are required to organize the flow of air from the street through the wall of a building or structure into the unit body. The recirculation air intake is necessary for air intake from the room into the unit housing. The air outlet is necessary for the removal of mixed (that is, both supply and recirculation air) into the room after it has been cleaned. Equipping the supply air intake opening with a heating element is necessary for preheating the supply air in case of operation at low temperatures. The coarse filter cleans the air of fluff, soot, coarse dust particles, insects and other small debris. The high-performance filter, in turn, provides air purification from at least 95% of airborne particles with a characteristic size of more than 0.25 microns, including the smallest highly allergenic dust PM2.5, fungal spores and pollen that can settle on the lungs, dangerous viruses and bacteria, smog particles. Moreover, the location of the coarse filter before the high-efficiency filter allows you to extend the life of the high-efficiency filter, because. the coarse filter will take on more and more large particles. The heat exchanger is necessary for the organization of heat exchange between supply and recirculation air before they enter the room. This allows to reduce the consumption of electricity spent on heating the supply air by the heating element. The fan provides air flow through the unit housing. Moreover, the fact that the fan along the air flow is located after the heat exchanger, as well as the fact that the intake and recirculation air intake holes are located relative to the heat exchanger in such a way that the supply and recirculation air do not mix before heat exchange, provides an increased heat exchange rate between the two streams, which, in turn, it allows to maintain a high productivity [m ³ /h] of the installation in terms of supply air, maintaining it on the same order as the productivity of the device in terms of recirculation air. The fact that the fan is placed upstream of the high-efficiency filter makes it possible to purify the already mixed air, as well as to keep the noise level in the room low, thanks to the noise absorption of the high-efficiency filter.

[15] Thus, the present air handling unit provides a reduction in electricity consumption for heating the supply air during operation of the air handling unit, while maintaining the high performance of the device both in terms of supply air and recirculation, as well as reducing the noise level produced by the fan , with high air purification efficiency

[16] A cross-flow heat exchanger may be used as a heat exchanger. This keeps the device compact and also avoids air mixing until the heat exchange is completed.

[17] A coarse filter may be located between the heat exchanger and the recirculation air intake. This allows you to clean only the recirculated air from small debris.

[18] A radial fan can be used as a fan. In this case, the radial fan may include two impellers 91 . Such a fan, in combination with the above-described design of the supply and recirculation unit, makes it possible to achieve an even greater reduction in the level of noise produced by the unit.

[19] The air handling unit may additionally include an electronics unit connected to the heating element. At the same time, it can also additionally include a temperature sensor located between the fan and a high-performance filter, and a temperature sensor located in the area of the intake air intake, connected to the electronics unit. This allows you to adjust the operation of the heating element, including turning it on or off, depending on the readings of the temperature sensors. At the same time, a temperature sensor located between the fan and the high-efficiency filter makes it possible to measure the temperature of the mixed air, i.e. the temperature of the air entering the room from the unit. The temperature sensor located in the area of the supply air intake, in turn, allows you to measure the temperature of the supply air before it is heated by the heating element.

[20] The fresh air intake can also be fitted with a damper connected to the electronics box. This makes it possible to block the air supply at too low or too high supply air temperatures, depending on the readings of the temperature sensors. And also it allows you to resume the flow of air. Also, the opening for intake of fresh air can be equipped with an air distribution grille. This allows you to protect the device from getting into the body of large debris, as well as precipitation, as well as from jamming of large debris in the heating element.

[21] At least one ventilation hole may be provided in the housing at the location of the electronics unit. This allows you to protect the electronics unit from overheating during operation and, as a result, prevent its failure.

[22] Also, the technical result is achieved by using a supply and recirculation unit. According to the method, first supply air is introduced through the supply air intake and recirculation air is introduced through the recirculation air intake. Next, the recirculated air is cleaned with a coarse filter. After that, supply air and recirculation air are passed through the heat exchanger so that they cross each other. The supply air and return air are then mixed, after which the mixed air is cleaned with a high-efficiency filter. Next, the mixed purified air is removed from the room through the air outlet.

[23] The supply air injection stage is necessary to supply fresh air (with low carbon dioxide content) into the room. The stages of introducing recirculated air in combination with the heat exchange of air flows are necessary to preheat the supply air due to heat exchange with warm recirculated air. At the same time, the introduction of recirculated air into the unit also allows you to clean the recirculated air, and not just the supply air, which allows you to maintain clean air in the room. Cleaning the recirculated air with a coarse filter before heat exchange allows you to clean the air from coarse dust and small debris. The fact that the air flows cross each other in the heat exchanger is necessary for the application of this method in compact air handling units. It is also important that the heat exchange between the air flows is carried out before mixing the flows. This provides an increased rate of heat exchange between the two streams, which in turn makes it possible to maintain a high supply air capacity [m ³ /h] of the unit, keeping it in the same order of magnitude as the unit's return air capacity. Purification of mixed air by means of a high-efficiency filter is necessary to ensure the supply of clean air to the room, namely, purified from at least 95% of particles whose characteristic size is greater than 0.25 microns.

[24] After the supply air has been introduced, it can be heated by means of a heating element. This allows you to maintain a comfortable room temperature when operating the unit in cold weather. At the same time, in combination with the passage of supply and recirculation air through the heat exchanger, this makes it possible to reduce the consumption of electricity for heating the supply air.

[25] Before cleaning the mixed air, the temperature of the mixed air can be measured. The temperature of the supply air can also be measured after the supply air has been introduced. This allows you to adjust the operation of the heating element during the operation of the installation. In this case, after measuring the temperature of the mixed air, the heating element can be switched on or off and/or the damper can be opened or closed. In particular, when the temperature of the mixed air is less than 5 ºС, the damper can be closed automatically, and after 10-20 minutes the damper can be opened. Also, when the supply air temperature is less than -30 ºС, they can close the damper automatically, and after 20-40 minutes open the damper. At a mixed air temperature of 10 ºС or more, they can open the damper and turn off the heating element, if it is turned on. When the mixed air temperature is below 10 ºС and the heating element is switched off, the heating element can be turned on. If, at a mixed air temperature below 10 ºС, the heating element is turned on, then it can be turned off and the damper closed for 20-40 minutes.

Description of drawings

[26] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an air handling unit with a recovery function according to the present invention (left-top view).

[27] FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an air handling unit with a recovery function according to the present invention (right-top view).

[28] FIG. 3 is a plot of sound pressure level (SPL, dB(A)) versus fan performance using this setup.

[29] FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the air flows during operation of the air handling unit according to the present invention.

[30] FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an air handling unit with a recovery function with additional elements according to the present invention (front view).

[31] FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an air handling unit with a recovery function with additional elements according to the present invention (rear view).

[32] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an air intake opening with additional elements according to the present invention.

Detailed description

[33] In the following detailed description of the implementation of the invention, numerous implementation details are provided to provide a clear understanding of the present invention. However, it will be obvious to one skilled in the art how the present invention can be used, both with and without these implementation details. In other cases, well-known methods, procedures and components are not described in detail so as not to obscure the features of the present invention.

[34] In addition, from the foregoing it is clear that the invention is not limited to the above implementation. Numerous possible modifications, alterations, variations, and substitutions that retain the spirit and form of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[35] FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows the supply and recirculation unit 1 with the function of recuperation in a section from two opposite sides, according to the present invention. The air handling unit 1 includes a housing 2 and at least one air channel (not shown in the Figures). Housing 2 has at least one opening for supply air intake 3 , at least one opening for recirculating air intake 4 and at least one opening for air outlet 5 . It is important to note that, although not shown in the Figures, the air duct communicates with the intake air intake 3 . Inside the casing 2 of the unit 1 there are a coarse filter 6 , a high-efficiency filter 7 , a heat exchanger 8 and a fan 9 . In this case, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the fan 9 downstream of the air is placed after the heat exchanger 8 and before the high-efficiency filter 7 . The openings for the intake of supply 3 and recirculation 4 air are placed relative to the heat exchanger 8 in such a way that the supply and recirculation air do not mix before heat exchange.

[36] The body 1 may be made of plastic, metal, or any other hard material. However, it can have any shape. However, it is important to note that the housing 2 of the installation 1 is preferably made compact, capable of being placed in a residential or office space.

, где S – площадь отверстия 3, 4, 5, а v – скорость работы вентилятора 9. При выполнении нескольких отверстий для забора воздуха 3, 4 (т.е. каждого из них более одного) предпочтительно, чтобы их суммарная площадь была:

, где n – количество отверстий для забора воздуха 3, 4, S _i – площадь i-ого отверстия для забора воздуха 3, 4, а S _total – суммарная площадь отверстий для забора воздуха 3, 4. То же самое применимо и к отверстиям для вывода воздуха 5. Исходя из этой формулы также видно, что при малой площади отверстия 3, 4, 5 необходимо повышать скорость работы вентилятора 9 для обеспечения эффективной очистки воздуха. В таком случае, вентилятор 9 производит более высокий уровень шума за счет собственной высокой скорости работы, а также за счет того, что малый размер отверстий (3, 4, 5) приводит к большему аэродинамическому сопротивлению на пути потока воздуха. [37] Air intake openings3, recirculated air4 and air outlet5 can be made in any shape (eg round, rectangular, square, triangular, polygonal, etc.) and any size. It is preferable to make holes3,4,5 round shape or with rounded edges. This, firstly, avoids clogging of the corners of the holes.3,4 dust and small debris, and, secondly, it helps to reduce flow turbulence due to the absence of corners. In this case, the size should be such that small debris and coarse dust can pass through the air intake hole (3,4), i.e. exceed their typical size. It is also preferable that the device can clean at least 100 m³ air per hour (power,P). Thus, the preferred hole size (3,4,5):

, WhereS - hole area3,4,5, Av - fan speed9. When making multiple air intake holes3,4 (i.e. each of them is more than one) it is preferable that their total area be:

, Wheren – number of air intake holes3,4,S _i - squareith air intake3,4, AS _total – total area of air intake holes3,4. The same applies to air outlets.5. Based on this formula, it is also seen that with a small hole area3,4,5 you need to increase the fan speed9 to ensure efficient air purification. In this case, the fan9 produces a higher noise level due to its own high speed of operation, as well as due to the fact that the small size of the holes (3,4,5) leads to more aerodynamic resistance in the path of air flow.

[38] In addition, each of the openings 3 ', 4 ', 5 can be provided with air distribution grilles. They protect the device from getting into the body 2 of large debris that can damage the internal components of the device. They also protect against moisture, which is especially important for the intake air intake 3 .

[39] The air duct (or duct) communicating with at least one supply air intake 3 can be made of plastic or metal. It can have a cross section of any shape, for example, round, oval, elliptical, square, rectangular, triangular, and also in the form of other n-gons, where n is the number of corners of the figure. In this case, it is preferable that the shape of the air channel be round or with rounded edges. This, firstly, makes it possible to avoid clogging the corners of the coal channels with dust and small debris, and, secondly, it helps to reduce the flow turbulence due to the absence of corners. It is also preferable that the duct area be equal to and approximately equal to the area of the fresh air intake opening 3 . This avoids pressure drops at the supply air inlet to the unit 1 . For the same purposes, it is preferable that the cross section of the channel is constant, however, embodiments are possible in which the cross section of the air channel expands or contracts with the air flow.

[40] The coarse filter 6 cleans the air from fluff, soot, coarse dust particles, insects and other small debris, i.e. it 6 retains coarse dust and fine debris, which prolongs the life of the high-efficiency filter 7 . The coarse filter 6 can be a non-separable cassette filter with a filter material made of polyester with a cleaning class G1-G4 (EU1-EU4). Filters of this class are designed to capture particles whose characteristic size is more than 10 microns. Other filter materials can also be used to purify the air from particles larger than 10 microns. In this case, it is preferable to use a class G4 filter, because. it has the highest efficiency (more than 90% of particles whose characteristic size is more than 10 microns) among coarse filters 6 .

[41] The coarse filter 6 can be made in various flat shapes. Firstly, it can be made as a roll of non-woven fabric filters. Secondly, it can be made as a panel filter with polyester or glass fiber as the filter material. Thirdly, the coarse filter 6 can also be made in the form of a cassette filter, i. filter with pleated material for increased filtration area.

[42] A coarse filter 6 may be placed between the heat exchanger 8 and the recirculation air intake 4 . In this case, only the recirculated air will be cleaned of coarse dust and fine debris. Because Supply air usually contains less dust and debris, especially at high altitudes, only recirculated air can be cleaned. However, it is also possible to place the coarse filter 6 between the fan 9 and the high efficiency filter 7 . Then the mixed air will be purified. Alternatively, it is possible to place two coarse filters 6 , one of which will be placed between the heat exchanger 8 and the recirculation air intake 4 , and the second between the heat exchanger 8 and the supply air intake 3 .

[43] High Efficiency Filter 7 (or HEPA/EPA filters) is designed to purify the air of particles larger than 0.25 microns, including the finest highly allergenic dust (PM2.5), fungal spores, pollen, smog particles and other small particles . Viruses and bacteria also settle on filters of this class. It is also possible to make a highly efficient filter 7 with the possibility of air disinfection, due to which the viruses and bacteria that have settled on it will be deactivated. As a result, the filter 7 will not be dangerous to the user if it needs to be replaced, and it also prevents the possibility of bacteria growing on its surface. The filter material of the high-efficiency filter 7 itself can be made folded like an accordion, i.e. corrugated, forming a rectangular parallelepiped in the zeroth approximation.

[44] A high-efficiency filter 7 of at least E11 (H11) class can be used, in which the high-efficiency filter captures 95% of harmful substances in the air. If an even higher degree of purification is required, a high-efficiency filter of class H12 that captures 99.5% of harmful substances, class H13 that captures 99.95% of harmful substances, or class H14 that captures 99.995% of harmful substances can be used. The choice of class depends on the scope of the filter and on the specific task. Thus, the highly efficient filter 7 in the design of the supply and recirculation unit, according to the present invention, makes it possible to purify the air from at least 95% of harmful particles and substances contained in the air and whose characteristic size is more than 0.25 microns.

[45] As a high efficiency filter 7 , a framed (for tightness, strength, and holding the filter material in a folded state) fibrous material, folded in the form of an accordion and/or folded in multilayers, can be used. The fibers often have a diameter of 0.5-6.5 microns, and the distance between them is usually 5-50 microns. The fibers can be made from paper and fiberglass, and the frame can be metal, plastic, etc. The capture of 7 small particles by a high-performance filter is associated with two processes: adhesion and autohesion. Adhesion is the interaction of dust with the depositing surface, in the described case with the fibers of a high-performance filter 7 . Due to adhesion, the first layer of dust appears on clean fibers. Autohesion (or “stickiness”) is the interaction of dust particles with each other. Due to autogenous interaction, the particles continue to layer on each other, forming multilayer conglomerates on the fibers. The nature of adhesion and autohesion lies in the molecular interaction of particles with each other and with fibers (van der Waals forces). These forces appear at a distance of one to several hundred particle diameters. For the smallest particles, the attraction to the fiber and the dust layer is so strong that the particles reliably settle on the fibers of the high-efficiency filter 7 .

[46] Decontamination can be achieved by making the high efficiency filter 7 impregnated with antibacterial. As an antibacterial impregnation, for example, zinc pyrithione can be used. Zinc pyrithione activated has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal activity. A similar effect will be achieved when silver particles or ions are used if they are injected into the non-woven structure of a high-efficiency filter 7 . However, the injection of particles and silver ions significantly increases the cost of the device. In addition, a decontamination effect can be achieved by applying a physical antibacterial layer to the airflow front surface of the high-efficiency filter 7 . The antibacterial layer may also be based on zinc pyrithione. Also, disinfection can take place by means of silver ions injected into a high-performance filter 7 .

[47] The heat exchanger 8 is necessary for the organization of heat exchange between the supply and recirculation air before they enter the room. Air-to-air heat exchangers 8 are designed to transfer from one gaseous substance to another, so that the second can be heated or cooled. They are usually made of either heat-conducting plates or heat-conducting pipes. Recuperators (heat exchangers 8 ) carry out air-to-air heat exchange using parallel, counter-current or cross-flow heat exchange between incoming and outgoing air flows. As the heat exchanger 8 in the present invention, it is preferable to choose a heat exchanger 8 in which the air flows are separated and do not mix, because this ensures the most efficient heat transfer, and also avoids the occurrence of turbulences in the air flow, when the holes for intake of supply 3 and recirculation 4 air are located on different walls of the housing 2 .

, между потоками также может быть и

, т.е. векторы движения потоков не параллельны). Перекрестно-точные теплообменники 8 обычно состоят из тонкой панели, изготовленной из, например, алюминия или бумаги. Эти панели используются для обмена тепловой энергией или теплом. Также конструктивно перекрестно-точный теплообменник может представлять из себя кожухотрубный теплообменник. Преимуществом перекрестно-точных теплообменников 8, по сравнению с противоточными и параллельноточными теплообменниками, является то, что они требуют меньшей площади для организации теплообменника между потоками, ввиду чего приточно-рециркуляционная установка может быть выполнена компактной. В частности, может использоваться энтальпийный перекрестно-точный теплообменник 8.[48] In particular, a cross-flow heat exchanger may be used as the heat exchanger 8 , i. e. heat exchanger 8 , in which supply and recirculation air move perpendicular to each other (angle,

, between threads there can also be

, i.e. the flow vectors are not parallel). Cross-flow heat exchangers 8 typically consist of a thin panel made of, for example, aluminum or paper. These panels are used to exchange thermal energy or heat. Also, structurally, the cross-flow heat exchanger can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The advantage of cross-flow heat exchangers 8 compared to counter-flow and parallel-flow heat exchangers is that they require less space for organizing a heat exchanger between flows, so that the air handling unit can be made compact. In particular, an enthalpy cross-flow heat exchanger 8 can be used.

[49] At the same time, it is also important to achieve the claimed technical result is the mutual placement of the intake air intake 3 , the recirculation air intake 4 and the heat exchanger 8 . They ( 3 , 4 ) must be placed relative to the heat exchanger 8 in such a way that the supply and recirculation air do not mix before heat exchange. This provides an increased rate of heat exchange between the two streams, which, in turn, makes it possible to maintain a high capacity [m ³ /h] of the supply air unit 1 , keeping it on the same order of magnitude as the unit 1 's return air capacity. This is due to the fact that during air mixing, heat transfer is extremely slow due to the fact that the probability of collision of particles contained in the air is small due to their small size. Therefore, it is preferable that the air streams exchange heat through the walls of the heat exchanger 8 , which will become impossible if the streams are mixed before heat exchange.

[50] The described mutual arrangement of the supply air intake 3 , the recirculation air intake 4 and the heat exchanger 8 can be implemented in several ways. Firstly, it is possible to place holes ( 3 , 4 ) on opposite sides of the body 2 and place the heat exchanger 8 between them so that one flow enters the heat exchanger 8 from below and the other from the side. It is also possible to realize this in a cross-flow heat exchanger 8 if the holes ( 3 , 4 ) are placed on adjacent walls of the housing 2 . Then it is possible to let into the heat exchanger 8 so that one flow enters the heat exchanger 8 from the side, and the second - from the front or back. In this case, it is also important to close the gaps that may occur between the walls of the housing 2 and the heat exchanger 8 . This can be realized by sealing or sealing in combination with additional structural details of the body 2 , such as additional walls.

[51] The heating element 31 located in the intake air intake 3 is designed to heat the supply air. This is especially important at negative outdoor (supply) air temperatures. Thus, at negative temperatures, the supply air can first be heated, and then it can be passed to the heat exchanger 8 for heat exchange with the recirculated air. Thanks to the combination of the heat exchanger 8 and the heating element 31 located in the supply air intake 3 , it is possible to save the energy required for heating the supply air. Because supply air will subsequently receive heat from the recirculated air, the heating element 31 does not have to heat the supply air to room temperature, which significantly reduces energy costs, as well as the requirements for the heating element 31 .

[52] As the heating element 31, an electric heater such as a PTC heater may be used. They have the highest power density, energy efficiency, and they do not have components that increase the likelihood of interruptions in operation, such as thermostats, etc., which greatly increases the reliability of PTC heaters. In addition, PTC heaters do not dry the heated air, unlike electric heaters. In this case, the heating element 31 can be additionally equipped with overheating protection elements, for example, bimetallic circuit breakers and/or thermal fuses.

С. [53] It is important to note that the present air handling unit 1 can also function effectively with the heating element 31 turned off (or without it) if the temperature of the supply air is such that after heat exchange and mixing with the recirculation air, the temperature of the mixed air is not lower than 10

WITH.

[54] The fan 9 is designed to organize supply and recirculation air flows through the body 2 of the device. At the same time, it is important to select fan 9 such that, with an installation capacity of 1,100 m ³ /h for supply air and 100 m ³ /h for recirculation air, the noise produced by fan 9 does not exceed 50 dB(A). In particular, this can be achieved by the described configuration of the air handling unit 1 in combination with a fan 9 of the radial type. A radial fan has a movable component (also called an impeller) which consists of a central shaft around which are mounted blades forming a helix or fins. Radial fans force air at right angles to the fan inlet and spin the air outward towards the outlet (due to centrifugal force). The impeller rotates causing air to enter the fan close to the shaft and move perpendicularly from the shaft to the opening in the fan's scroll housing. Depending on the type, purpose and dimensions of the fan, the number of impeller blades varies, and the blades themselves are made bent forward or backward (relative to the direction of rotation). The use of radial fans with backward curved blades saves about 20% of energy. They also easily tolerate overloads in terms of air flow. The advantages of centrifugal fans with forward-curved impeller blades are the smaller diameter of the impeller, and, accordingly, the smaller size of the fan itself, and the lower speed, which creates less noise. Thus, when using a radial fan 9 with backward curved blades, it makes it possible to reduce the power consumption spent on the fan and, as a result, to make the device as a whole more economical. In the case of using a radial fan 9 with forward curved blades, the noise level produced by the fan 9 is reduced. In addition, it is possible to use axial, tangential and other types of fan, however, the use of a radial fan is preferred for the reasons described above. It is also possible to use a radial fan 9 with two impellers 91 .

[55] The placement of the fan 9 also plays an important role in achieving the claimed technical result. The fan 9 along the air flow must be placed after the heat exchanger 8 and before the high-efficiency filter 7 . This, firstly, allows air to be mixed after heat exchange, the advantages of which were described earlier, and, secondly, it reduces the level of noise heard in the room, because. The high efficiency filter 7 absorbs some of the noise due to its noise reduction properties.

[56] At the same time, the fact that the rotation axis of the fan 9 is perpendicular to the surfaces of the intake 3 and recirculation 4 air intake holes also reduces the noise level produced by the fan 9 . In general, the combination of the above factors affecting the noise level makes it possible to achieve a capacity of plant 1 of more than 270 m ³ /h, while keeping the noise level below 50 dB(A). On FIG. 3 shows a plot of sound pressure level (SPL, dB(A)) versus fan performance 9 using the present setup 1 . On the graph, the dependence of SPL on the performance for supply air is indicated by a dotted line, for recirculation air - dash-dotted line, and the total (total) performance - solid. Thus, it can be seen that the capacity for supply and recirculation air will remain the same order of magnitude, due to which the amount of supply air supplied to the room and recirculation air is approximately equal. At the same time, with a total capacity of installation 1 of more than 270 m ³ /h, the sound pressure level remains below 50 dB(A).

[57] It is important to note that the reduction in the noise level produced by the fan 9 means that the load on the fan 9 is also reduced. Thus, the power consumption of the fan 9 during operation is also reduced. That is, when the additional features of the present invention are included to reduce the noise level produced by the fan 9 , the electricity spent on the operation of the installation 1 is reduced even more.

, между потоками составляет

) друг другу. После этого потоки воздуха смешиваются при прохождении через вентилятор 9 установки 1. Уже смешанный воздух проходит через высокоэффективный фильтр 7, где он очищается от мелкодисперсной пыли и других частиц, чей характерный размер составляет от 0,25 мкм. Затем очищенный смешанный воздух выходит из установки 1 через отверстие для вывода воздуха 5. В результате, в помещение попадает очищенный воздух комфортной температуры, включающий свежий воздух с улицы, где комфортная температура – это температура не ниже 10-15

С. [58] FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the air flows during the operation of the supply and recirculation unit 1 , where the dotted line indicates the recirculation air flow, the dash-dotted line indicates the supply air, and the dash-double-dashed line indicates the mixed air. As seen in FIG. 4, the supply air enters the unit 1 through the supply air intake 3 . The recirculation air is through the recirculation air intake 4 , respectively. Further, the supply air enters the heat exchanger 8 (in particular, it can enter it 8 from below), and the recirculation air enters from the side. It is important to note that although in FIG. 4, this is not shown, before entering the heat exchanger 8 , the recirculated air passes through a coarse filter 6 , in which it is cleaned of coarse dust and fine debris. The supply air, in turn, can be heated by the heating element 31 before entering the heat exchanger 8 . As can be seen from the air flow diagram, the supply and recirculation air enter the heat exchanger 8 , pass through it 8 and exit it 8 crosswise (i.e. the angle,

, between threads is

) each other. After that, the air flows are mixed while passing through the fan 9 of the installation 1 . The already mixed air passes through a high-efficiency filter 7 where it is cleaned of fine dust and other particles whose characteristic size is from 0.25 µm. The purified mixed air then exits the unit 1 through the air outlet 5 . As a result, purified air at a comfortable temperature enters the room, including fresh air from the street, where a comfortable temperature is a temperature not lower than 10-15

WITH.

[59] FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the air handling unit 1 with additional elements according to the present invention. Additional installation elements 1 shown in Fig. 5 and FIG. 6 may be used singly or in any combination, including the addition of all of the above elements. The air handling unit 1 includes a housing 2 and at least one air channel (not shown in the Figures). Housing 2 has at least one opening for supply air intake 3 , at least one opening for recirculating air intake 4 and at least one opening for air outlet 5 . It is important to note that, although not shown in the Figures, the air duct communicates with the intake air intake 3 . Inside the casing 2 of the unit 1 there are a coarse filter 6 , a high-efficiency filter 7 , a heat exchanger 8 and a fan 9 . In this case, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the fan 9 downstream of the air is placed after the heat exchanger 8 and before the high-efficiency filter 7 . The openings for the intake of supply 3 and recirculation 4 air are placed relative to the heat exchanger 8 in such a way that the supply and recirculation air do not mix before heat exchange. Additionally, the air handling unit 1 may include an electronics unit 10 . It 10 can be connected to the heating element 31 . Also, the installation 1 can additionally include a temperature sensor 11 located between the fan 9 and a high-efficiency filter 7 , as well as a temperature sensor (not shown in the Figures) located in the area of the intake air intake 3 , which are also connected to the electronics unit 10 . In addition, the opening for intake of fresh air 3 can be equipped with a damper 32 , as well as an air distribution grill 33 . The damper 32 can also be connected to the electronics 10 . At the same time, at the location of the electronics unit 10 in the housing 2 , at least one ventilation hole 12 can be made.

[60] Thus, the configuration of the air intake opening 3 with additional elements is shown in FIG. 7. The opening for intake of fresh air 3 at the inlet is equipped with an air distribution grille 33 , after which a heating element 31 is placed, and at the outlet of the opening 3 along the supply air flow there is a damper 32 .

[61] The electronics unit 10 (or electronic control unit, ECU) may be a printed circuit board (PCB), an electronic board, a controller, or a microcontroller capable of controlling the electronic components of the apparatus 1 . In particular, when it is 10 connected to the heating element 31 , it 10 can control the power of the air heating. For example, if the supply air temperature is not too low (for example, 10 ºC and below), then the power of the heating element 31 may be low, because unit 1 is equipped with heat exchanger 8 . If the supply air temperature is 0 ºC or lower, then the power of the heating element 31 must be increased, because heat exchanger 8 in this case will not be able to provide a comfortable temperature in the room. Also, the heating element 31 can be turned off when the supply air temperature is high (for example, 15 ºC or more).

[62] By connecting the electronics box 10 to the damper 32 , it is possible to block or open the fresh air intake 3 via the damper 32 . This may be necessary in the following cases. Firstly, when the supply air temperature is too low (for example -30 ºC and below), when the heating element 31 and the heat exchanger 8 may not be able to create a comfortable room temperature (in particular, when the temperature of the mixed air supplied to the room is below 20 ºC), it may be necessary to heat the room with recirculated air, which can be done by closing the damper 32 . Secondly, it may also be necessary in case of freezing of the heat exchanger 8 at too low supply air temperatures (eg also -25 ºC and below). In this case, condensate may first form on the heat exchanger 8 , which may subsequently freeze at negative temperatures of the supply air. Then it is also necessary to warm up the heat exchanger 8 in order for the frost to melt. For this, it is possible to close the damper 32 so that the heat exchanger 8 warms up due to the circulation of warm recirculated air from the room. In both cases, damper 32 may be opened after some time, for example after 20-40 minutes. During this time, both the air in the room and the heat exchanger 8 may well warm up.

[63] Additionally, the electronics unit 10 can control the fan 9 . This will affect installation performance 1 . In particular, if the heating element 31 cannot cope with the heating of the supply air, then the power of the fan 9 can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of air processed by the unit 1 per hour.

[64] In addition, the connection of a temperature sensor 11 located between the fan 9 and the high-efficiency filter 7 makes it possible to measure the temperature of the mixed air entering the room from the unit 1 . Based on this, when the sensor 11 is connected to the electronics unit 10 , the operation of the installation 1 can be controlled. In particular, if the temperature of the mixed air is too high, the heating element 31 can be turned off or its power 31 can be reduced. If the temperature of the mixed air is too low, then they can close the damper 32 or turn on the heating element 31 or increase the power of the heating element 31 or reduce the performance of the fan 9 , as well as implement other control options that allow increasing the temperature of the mixed air.

[65] Connecting a temperature sensor, located in the area of the supply air intake 3 , makes it possible to measure the temperature of the supply air entering the unit from outside 1 . Based on this, when the sensor is connected to the electronics unit 10, the operation of the installation 1 can be controlled. In particular, if the supply air temperature is too high, the heating element 31 can be turned off or the damper 32 closed, or its power 31 can be reduced. If the supply air temperature is too low, they can also close the damper 32 , or turn on the heating element 31 , or increase the power of the heating element 31 , or reduce the performance of the fan 9 , as well as implement other control options that allow increasing the temperature of the mixed air entering the room . In addition, a temperature sensor for measuring the supply air temperature can be placed in the air duct connected to the supply air intake opening 3 .

[66] The air outlet grille 33 in the fresh air intake port 3 is located downstream of the heating element 31 along the fresh air flow. This makes it possible to exclude the possibility of touching the potentially energized heating element 31 by the user when servicing the installation 1 , for example, when it is necessary to repair the device or replace the filter ( 6 and/or 7 ).

[67] Also, the supply air intake hole 3 can be equipped with an air distribution grille 33 located upstream of the heating element 31 along the supply air flow, which makes it possible to protect the unit 1 from getting into the housing 2 of large debris that can damage the internal components of the unit 1 . It also protects against moisture ingress . This is especially important in view of the placement of the heating element 31 in the hole 3 , especially when using a PTC heater in the form of a grid, as shown in FIG. 7. Large debris can clog the lattice structure of the heating element 31 , as a result of which, if this debris is heated for a long time, an unpleasant odor may appear in the room.

[68] In this case, the air distribution grille 33 may be installed as described in paragraph 65, or as described in paragraph 66, or there may be two air distribution grilles 33 . In the latter case, it is possible to simultaneously prevent debris from entering the heater 31 and also protect the user from being able to touch the heating element 31 .

[69] At the location of the electronics unit 10 in the housing 2 , at least one vent hole 12 may be provided. This is due to the fact that by connecting many of the electronic elements of the installation 1 to the electronics unit 10 , the electronics unit 10 may overheat, which can damage it 10 . The vents 12 allow air to circulate in the area of the electronics unit 10 , which cools it 10 .

[70] There may be more than one electronics unit 10 . This allows you to separate the functions of blocks 10 . Thus, for example, it is possible to configure the plant 1 with two electronics 10 . One of the electronics units 10 can provide control of the power supply to the installation 1 and its components, and the second one can control the components of the installation 1 . In such a case, the location of each of the electronics units 10 must be equipped with at least one vent hole 12 .

, между потоками составляет

). Затем смешивают приточный и рециркуляционный воздух при их попадании в зону размещения вентилятора 9 установки 1. Смешанный воздух очищают при помощи высокоэффективного фильтра 7. После очистки смешанный очищенный воздух выводят из установки 1 в помещение через отверстие для вывода воздуха 5. В результате, в помещение поступает очищенный воздух, включающий свежий воздух с улицы, который был подогрет посредством теплообмена с рециркуляционным воздухом из помещения, что, в свою очередь, снижает затраты на подогрев приточного воздуха. Важным в способе является в том числе то, что приточный и рециркуляционный воздух проводят через теплообменник 8 до их смешения, по причинам, описанным ранее. Также важным является то, что потоки воздуха через теплообменник 8 проводят перекрестно друг другу. Это позволяет применять настоящий способ в компактных приточно-рециркуляционных установках 1. [71] In general, the air handling unit 1 operates according to the application method of the air handling unit 1 . First, supply air is introduced through the supply air intake opening 3 and recirculation air is introduced through the recirculation air intake opening 4 . After that, the recirculated air is cleaned with a coarse filter 6 . Next, the supply and recirculation air are carried through the heat exchanger 8 so that they cross each other (i.e., the angle

, between threads is

). Then the supply and recirculation air are mixed when they enter the area where the fan 9 of the installation 1 is placed. The mixed air is cleaned with a high efficiency filter 7 . After cleaning, the mixed purified air is discharged from the unit 1 into the room through the air outlet 5 . As a result, purified air enters the room, including fresh air from the street, which has been heated by heat exchange with recirculated air from the room, which in turn reduces the cost of heating the supply air. Important in the method is, among other things, that the supply and recirculation air is passed through the heat exchanger 8 before mixing, for the reasons described earlier. It is also important that the air flows through the heat exchanger 8 cross each other. This allows the present method to be applied in compact air handling units 1 .

[72] Here, after the supply air has been introduced, it can be heated by means of the heating element 31 . This makes it possible to maintain a comfortable room temperature (10 ºC or more) even when the supply air temperature is below 0 ºC. In this case, the heat exchanger 8 may not be able to cope with the heating of the supply air. However, it is the combination of heat exchanger 8 and heating element 31 that makes it possible to save energy for supply air heating.

[73] In this case, before cleaning the mixed air, the temperature of the mixed air can be measured using a sensor 11 . This makes it possible to ensure automatic operation of the installation 1 based on the readings of the temperature sensor 11 . In particular, when the mixed air temperature is less than 5 ºC, the damper 32 can be closed automatically. After 10-30 minutes the damper 32 can be opened. This allows you to warm the air entering the room. If the temperature of the mixed air is 10 ºC or more, they can open the damper 32 and introduce supply air into the installation 1 . In this case, if the heating element 31 is turned on, then it 31 can be turned off. On the other hand, if the temperature of the mixed air is below 10 ºC and the heating element 31 is switched off, the heating element 31 is switched on. In this case, if the temperature of the mixed air is below 10 ºC, and the heating element 31 is turned on, then the heating element 31 is turned off and the damper 32 is closed. Moreover, after 20-40 minutes, the damper 32 can be opened, as well as the heating element 31 can be turned on. It also allows you to warm the air entering the room.

[74] It is also possible to measure the temperature of the supply air before introducing the supply air by means of a sensor placed in the region of the supply air intake opening 3 or in the supply air duct. Moreover, at a supply air temperature of -30 ºC and below, they can close the damper 32 . After 20-40 minutes, after heating the heat exchanger 8 or the air in the room, the damper 32 can be opened to resume the supply of fresh air to the room.

[75] In this case, the measurement of the temperature of the mixed and/or supply air can be carried out continuously or with a certain frequency, for example, once every 5 minutes. It is also important to note that all temperature ranges mentioned above can be shifted by ±5 ºC.

[76] In general, the above-described additional steps of the method can be implemented in the method of using the air handling unit 1 , either individually or in any combination.

[77] The present application materials provide a preferred disclosure of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, which should not be used as limiting other, private embodiments of its implementation, which do not go beyond the requested scope of legal protection and are obvious to specialists in the relevant field of technology.

Claims (28)

1. Supply and recirculation unit, including a housing in which at least one intake air intake is made, equipped with a heating element, at least one recirculation air intake and at least one air outlet, and at least one air duct connected with at least one opening for intake of fresh air, while inside the housing there are a coarse filter, a high-efficiency filter, a heat exchanger and a fan, and the fan is located after the heat exchanger and before the high-efficiency filter, the openings for intake of supply and recirculation air are placed in such a way that the supply air and recirculation air cross each other. 2. Supply and recirculation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger is a cross-flow heat exchanger. 3. Supply and recirculation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse filter is placed between the heat exchanger and the recirculation air intake. 4. Supply and recirculation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan is a radial fan. 5. Supply and recirculation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the radial fan includes two impellers. 6. The air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally includes an electronics unit connected to the heating element. 7. The air handling unit according to claim 6, characterized in that it additionally includes a temperature sensor located between the fan and a high-performance filter, and a temperature sensor located in the area of the supply air intake opening, connected to the electronics unit. 8. Supply and recirculation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the supply air intake hole is equipped with a damper connected to the electronics unit. 9. Supply and recirculation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply air intake hole is equipped with an air distribution grille. 10. Supply and recirculation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one ventilation hole is made in the housing at the location of the electronics unit. 11. Method of application of the supply and recirculation unit, according to which: • introduce supply air through the supply air intake and recirculation air through the recirculation air intake; • clean the recirculated air with a coarse filter; • conduct supply and recirculation air through the heat exchanger so that they cross each other; • mix supply and recirculation air; • purify the mixed air with a highly efficient filter; • discharge the mixed purified air through the air outlet. 12. The method of using the supply and recirculation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that after the input of the supply air, it is heated using a heating element. 13. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 11, characterized in that the temperature of the mixed air is measured before purification of the mixed air. 14. The method of using the supply and recirculation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that after the input of the supply air, the temperature of the supply air is measured. 15. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 13, characterized in that after measuring the temperature of the mixed air, the heating element is turned on or off. 16. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that after measuring the air temperature, the damper is opened or closed. 17. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 16, characterized in that at a mixed air temperature of less than 5 ° C, the damper is closed automatically, and after 10-30 minutes the damper is opened. 18. The method of using the supply and recirculation unit according to claim 16, characterized in that at a supply air temperature of less than -30 ° C, the damper is closed automatically, and after 20-40 minutes the damper is opened. 19. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 16, characterized in that at a mixed air temperature of 10 ° C or more, the damper is opened. 20. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 16, characterized in that if the heating element is turned on, then the heating element is turned off. 21. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 15, characterized in that at a mixed air temperature below 10 ° C and the heating element is turned off, the heating element is turned on. 22. The method of using the air handling unit according to claim 15, characterized in that at a mixed air temperature below 10 ° C and the heating element is turned on, the heating element is turned off and the damper is closed for 20-40 minutes.

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