RU2794239C1 - Bottom station for long-term multi-parameter monitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: marine monitoring technologies.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a deep-water anchor system and methods for monitoring the seabed in real time. A bottom station for long-term multi-parameter monitoring is proposed, characterized by the fact that it contains a hardware compartment fixed to the anchor system by means of a disconnector and installed at the bottom of the reservoir. Inside the hardware compartment, the first information and energy line and the charging cable are connected in series with the battery pack fixed on the mating part of the circuit breaker, the power converter and the automatic control and distribution system. The equipment compartment is connected by means of the first information and energy line, charging cable and nylon cable to a pavilion with positive buoyancy, in which the nylon cable, the first information and energy line and the charging cable are connected to the distribution panel, after which the nylon cable, the first information and energy line and the charging cable is combined into at least one combined harness connected to at least one circuit breaker, which is connected to the ninth information and energy line connected to the distribution panel and the locator. In this case, each circuit breaker is connected by a combined harness placed in the bay through a circuit breaker with an intermediate battery pack - a repeater, inside which the combined harness is connected to the battery and the hydroacoustic communication device by means of a rigid hitch. At the same time, the repeater is connected to the buoy. In the buoy the combined harness is connected to the distribution panel from which the eighth information and energy line connected to the satellite equipment and the charging cable connected to the charging connector. At the same time, the hardware compartment and the automatic control and distribution system of the hardware compartment are connected by a nylon cable and the second information and energy line, respectively, to the underwater transponder buoy and the transponder buoy's hydroacoustic communication device. At the same time, by means of a nylon cable, the underwater repeater buoy is connected to the distribution and switching panel, which is connected to the sensor (CTD probe) by the third information and energy line, the fourth information and energy line is connected to a highly sensitive sensor (PS REM-4-76), the fifth information and energy line is connected to the sensor (PS REM-4-50), made with the possibility of placement on the surface of the object of study, the sixth information and energy line is connected to the sensor (PS "Probe"), made with the possibility of placement inside the object of study. At the same time, the anchor system is also made with the possibility of placement on the object of study.

EFFECT: creation of a system of measuring and transmitting means with their own sources of energy storage with the possibility of placing it permanently at the bottom of a water reservoir.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of marine monitoring technologies, in particular to a deep-water anchor system and methods for monitoring the seabed in real time.

State of the art

Bottom monitoring systems, an important technical equipment for the study of the marine environment, can have a wide range of comprehensive monitoring of marine, hydrological and meteorological elements offline. They can work in sync with other similar devices and in harsh marine environments.

Known "A kind of lifting system and a method of relaying communications" invention according to patent CN 103427913 B contains: a waterproof compartment with electronics, a battery pack, a satellite communication terminal, the first underwater sound modulator-demodulator and the main antenna control module, an above-water compartment for transmitting and receiving information, shore transmitter between the user and the ground control center, float, descending and lifting device in the implementation together with the air compartment. In this case, if necessary, the trigger mechanism lowers the surface compartment under water.

The disadvantages of this solution are:

1. Impossibility of continuous transmission of monitoring data.

2. Low reliability of the system in the event of a break in the communication lines of the buoy with the hardware compartment and power supply.

Known "Deep-sea anchoring system of subsurface buoy based on real-time satellite data transmission" invention according to patent CN 108189969 B, which contains: a system of buoys on the surface of the water, a vertically located steel cable covered with plastic, a device for mooring and removing the anchor, the main a floating body, a plurality of glass floating balls, and a frame body, which is located between the main floating body and the outlet, and is used to carry water depth gauges.

The disadvantages of this solution are:

1. Impossibility of continuous transmission of monitoring data.

2. Impossibility to work in the area with ice cover.

3. Low reliability of the system in the event of a break in the communication lines of the buoy with the hardware compartment and power supply.

The closest to the claimed invention is the solution, which is generally presented in the article "Continuous radiation monitoring of objects with spent nuclear fuel flooded or sunken in the Arctic seas" in the journal Atomic Energy (https://www.j-atomicenergv.ru/index. php/ae/article/view/2069/2049). The components of this solution include a submersible measuring pavilion, a hardware box, a power pack with replaceable elements, a hydrographic measuring box and a floating buoy with a radio data transmitter.

The disadvantages of this solution are:

1. Impossibility to work in an area with ice cover.

2. Low reliability of the system in the event of a break in the communication lines of the buoy with the hardware compartment and power supply.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a radiation monitoring system for remote use with the possibility of remote control and real-time data acquisition, with the possibility of placement on the bottom of a reservoir.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of a system of measuring and transmitting means with their own sources of energy storage with the possibility of placing it permanently, at the bottom of a reservoir.

To achieve a technical result, a bottom station for long-term multi-parameter monitoring is proposed, characterized in that it contains a hardware compartment fixed to the anchor system by means of a circuit breaker and installed at the bottom of the reservoir, inside the hardware compartment, a battery pack is connected in series with the first information-energy line and a charging cable, fixed on the return circuit breaker parts, power converter and automatic control and distribution system, the equipment compartment is connected by the first information and energy line, charging cable and nylon cable to the pavilion with positive buoyancy, in which the nylon cable, the first information and energy line and the charging cable are connected to the distribution panel after which the nylon cable, the first information and energy line and the charging cable are combined into at least one combined harness connected to at least one circuit breaker, which is connected to the ninth information and energy line connected to the distribution panel and the locator, while, each circuit breaker is connected by a combined harness placed in the bay through a circuit breaker with an intermediate battery pack - a repeater, inside which the combined harness is connected to the battery and the hydroacoustic communication device, by means of a rigid hitch, while the repeater is connected to the buoy, in the buoy the combined harness is connected to the distribution the panel from which the eighth information and energy line departs, connected to the satellite equipment and the charging cable connected to the charging connector, while the equipment compartment and the automatic control and distribution system of the equipment compartment are connected by a nylon cable and the second information and energy line, respectively, to the underwater transponder buoy and a hydroacoustic communication device of the repeater buoy, while, by means of a nylon cable, the underwater repeater buoy is connected to the distribution and switching panel, which is connected to the sensor (CTD probe) by the third information and energy line, the fourth information and energy line is connected to a highly sensitive sensor (PS REM-4-76), the fifth information-energy line is connected to the sensor (PS REM-4-50) configured to be placed on the surface of the object of study, the sixth information-energy line is connected to the sensor (PS "Schup") configured to placement inside the object of study, while the anchor system is also made with the possibility of placement on the object of study.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that:

The station can be used remotely and remotely; It is possible to service the station equipment, as well as charge the energy storage system without disconnecting the sensors from the object of study; Measurements can be carried out continuously;

Data can be obtained even if there is no direct connection between the buoy and the hardware compartment;

The station can be used in places with the formation of ice on the surface of the water.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the connections of the bottom station, in Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of the connections inside the pavilion, FIG. 3 shows a diagram of an intermediate repeater, FIG. 4 shows a diagram of an underwater transponder buoy, FIG. 5 shows a diagram of the interaction of the bottom station, in Fig. 6 shows an illustration of the execution of the bottom station, where:

1 - Battery pack

2 - Anchor system

3 - Energy converter

4 - Automatic control and distribution system

5 - Hardware compartment

6 - Nylon rope

7 - First information and energy line

8 - Charging cable

9 - Pavilion

10 - Intermediate repeater

11 - Buoy

12 - Charging connector

13 - Satellite equipment

14 - Underwater transponder buoy

15 - Nylon rope

16 - Second information and energy line

17 - Distribution patch panel

18 - Third information and energy line

19 - Fourth information and energy line

20 - Fifth information and energy line

21 - Underwater buoy

22 - Sensor (CTD probe)

23 - Sensor (Highly sensitive PS REM-4-76)

24 - Anchor system

25 - Object of study

26 - Sensor (PS REM-4-50)

27 - Sensor (PS "Probe")

28 - Sixth information and energy line

29 - Distribution panel

30 - Combined tourniquet

31 - Breaker

32 - Breaker

33 - Combined harness

34 - Hydroacoustic communication device

35 - Distribution panel

36 - Information and energy line

37 - Charging cable

38 - Hydroacoustic communication device

39 - Battery

40 - Information and energy line

41 - Rigid hitch

42 - Locator

43 - Docking mechanism

44 - Seventh information and energy line

45 - Bay

46 - Nylon rope

47 - Exploration area

48 - Bottom station

49 - Communications satellite

50 - Transceiver

51 - Central server

52 - Research Lab

53 - Related organization

Implementation of the invention

Hardware compartment 5 FIG. 1, by means of a docking mechanism 43, is fixed on the anchor system 2 installed at the bottom of the reservoir, inside the equipment compartment 5 there is a battery pack 1, which is fixed on the mating part of the disconnector 43 and is connected to the pavilion 9 by means of a nylon cable 6.

The battery pack 1 is connected via the first information-energy line 7 and the charging cable 8 to the energy converter 3, which is connected via the first information-energy line 7 and the charging cable 8 to the automatic control and distribution system 4, which, with the help of a nylon cable 6, is the first information -energy line 7 and charging cable 8 is connected to the pavilion 9. In the pavilion 9, the nylon cable 6, the first information-energy line 7 and the charging cable 8 are connected to the distribution panel 29 of FIG. 2 of which the nylon cable 6, the first information-energy line 7 and the charging cable 8 combined into one combined bundle 30 are connected to the circuit breaker 31, which is connected to the ninth information-energy line 40, which is connected to the distribution panel 29. The circuit breaker 31 by means of a rigid hitch 41 is connected to the circuit breaker 32 which is connected to the ninth information and energy line 40.

Breaker 32 is connected by means of a rigid coupling 41 to an intermediate battery pack - repeater 10, which is connected to a buoy 11 by means of a rigid coupling 41. the energy line 7 is connected to the battery 39 and the hydroacoustic communication device 38. Next, the first information and energy line 7 as part of the combined harness 33 is connected to the distribution panel 35. In the buoy 11, the combined harness 33 is connected to the distribution panel 35, from which the eighth information and energy line 36 which is connected to the satellite equipment 13 and charging cable 37 which is connected to the charging socket 12.

The locator 42 is a radar system that operates within the framework of determining the boundary of the "open water - ice" media, while transmitting information about the presence of ice or clear water above it. The maximum range for detecting ice conditions is 5-8 miles.

The locator 42 is fixed on the body of the pavilion 9 and is connected to the distribution panel 29 via the ninth information-energy line 40, from which it is connected in series via the first information-energy line 7 to the automatic control and distribution system 4.

In the released state, the distribution panel 29 is connected to the combined harness 33, which is connected to the distribution panel 35, which is located in the buoy 11. The equipment compartment 5 is connected to a nylon cable 15, which is connected to an underwater transponder buoy 14, which is connected by means of a nylon cable 15 to distribution and switching panel 17. Automatic control and distribution system 4 through the second information-energy line 16 is connected to the underwater relay buoy 14, in which it is connected in parallel with the hydroacoustic communication device 34 FIG. 4, is further connected to the distribution-switching panel 17.

Distribution patch panel 17 is connected to the third information and energy line 18, the fourth information and energy line 19, the fifth information and energy line 20 and the sixth information and energy line 28. The third information and energy line 18 is connected to the sensor (CTD probe) 22, the fourth information-energy line 19 is connected to the sensor (Highly sensitive PS REM-4-76) 23, the fifth information-energy line 20 is connected to the sensor (PS REM-4-50) 26, the sixth information-energy line 28 is connected to the sensor (PS "Probe") 27. The sensor (PS "Probe") 27 is placed on the surface of the object of study 25. The sensor (PS REM-4-50) 26 is placed inside the object of study 25. An anchor system 24 is installed on the object of study 25, which is connected in series with nylon cable 46 connected to the sensor (Highly sensitive PS REM-4-76) 23, then to cable 46 connected to the sensor (CTD probe) 22, then to cable 46, which is connected to the underwater buoy 21.

The principle of placing the elements of the system is as follows:

The hardware compartment 5, fixed on the disconnector 43, which in turn is fixed on the anchor system 2, is located at the bottom, located at a distance from the study area 47, while the underwater relay buoy 14, through which the nylon cable 15 and the second information and energy line 16 provides tension and forms a triangle, the size of the side faces of which provides the necessary length of the nylon cable 15 and the second information-energy line 16 so that the equipment compartment 5 can be lifted onto a floating vessel located above the station and provide its service if necessary .

The number of buoys 11 in pavilion 9 is selected based on how many years the station should operate based on 1 calendar year - 1 buoy. Pavilion 9 has positive buoyancy.

To ensure continuous data transmission, the number of buoys 11 at the station must be at least 2, one of them is located on the surface and transmits information, while the second is located in pavilion 9 and is a cold reserve. The number of elements that ensure the operation and separation of the buoy 11 from the pavilion 9, namely, the intermediate repeater 10, the combined harness 30, the breaker 31, the breaker 32, the combined harness 33, bay 45, the ninth information and energy line 40 is a multiple of the number of buoys 11 located in the pavilion 9.

In working condition, the instrument compartment 5 can be located both in the immediate vicinity of the study area 47, and at a distance, depending on the shape and topography of the bottom at the location, pavilion 9, having positive buoyancy, is located under the water surface above the instrument compartment 5 at a depth, ensuring that it does not freeze in winter. One of the buoys 11 is located on the surface of the water, the remaining buoys 11 are located in pavilion 9.

During the freeze-up period, when freezing, the design of the buoy 11 ensures that it is pushed to the bottom surface without breaking the combined bundle 33, which ensures the operable state of the station.

The data obtained from the measuring units is sent via a satellite communication device to the research laboratory.

During the period of ice drift, if the tensile force exceeds the threshold that ensures the safety of the system, the circuit breaker 31 is activated and the buoy 11 is separated from the pavilion 9 and sent to drift, while the satellite equipment 13 of the buoy receives power from the battery 39 of the intermediate repeater 10, while turning on hydroacoustic communication device 38.

The automatic control and distribution system 4 receives a signal through the distribution panel 29 via the first information-energy line 7 that the buoy 11 has come off. hydroacoustic communication devices 34. Automatic control and distribution system 4 through the first information and energy line 7 going through the distribution panel 29, then through the ninth information and energy line 40 transmits a signal to turn on the locator 42, which checks the condition of the water surface for the presence of ice cover and transmits information through the ninth information and energy line 40, through the distribution panel 29 through the first information and energy line 7 to the automatic control and distribution system 4 information about the ice situation to the pavilion 9, which houses the locator 42.

The data received by the measuring units is transmitted via the hydroacoustic communication device 34 to the hydroacoustic communication device 38 and then sent via the satellite communication device to the research laboratory.

After fixing the absence of ice cover over the pavilion 9, the automatic control and distribution system 4 sends a signal to the breaker 32, while the buoy 11 separates from the breaker and, as a result of the positive buoyancy of the buoy 11, it rises to the surface of the water, while the combined harness is unwound from the bay 45.

After fixing the working position of the buoy 11, the automatic control and distribution system 4 sends a signal to turn on the satellite equipment 13.

The capacity of the batteries of the battery pack 1 is calculated in such a way as to ensure the operation of the station for 1 year.

Having the geographic coordinates of the location once a year, a ship with a charger is brought to the station, which is connected to the charging connector 12 and charges the batteries of the battery pack 1.

If it is necessary to service the hardware compartment from the side of the floating vessel, the nylon cable 41 is hooked and, by overcoming the tension threshold of the docking mechanism 43, the hardware compartment 5 is separated from the docking mechanism 43 and taken on board the floating vessel.

Implementation examples

Below is an example of a specific implementation of the device, which does not limit the options for its implementation.

From the battery pack 1, through the first information-energy line 7, the energy enters the energy converter 3, the necessary current and voltage parameters are formed there, then, through the first information-energy line 7, the energy enters the automatic control and distribution system 4, from where the energy is distributed over the first and second information-energy lines 7 and 16. FIG. 1

Energy through the second information and energy line 16 is transmitted to the distribution switching panel 17, from where it is distributed through the third, fourth, fifth and sixth information and energy lines 18, 19, 20, 28. The energy sent through the third information and energy line 18 feeds the sensor ( CTD-probe) 22, which measures the temperature, salinity and pressure in the study area 47 in the immediate vicinity of the object of study 25. The energy directed through the fourth information-energy line 19 reads the sensor (Highly sensitive PS REM-4-76) 23, which measures the intensity of gamma radiation in the study area 47 in the immediate vicinity of the study object 25. The energy directed through the fifth information-energy line 20 feeds the sensor (PS REM-4-50) 26, which measures the intensity of gamma radiation in the study area 47 being mounted in body of the object of study 25. The energy directed through the sixth information-energy line 28 reads the sensor (PS "Probe") 27, which measures the intensity of gamma radiation in the study area 47 being placed on the surface of the object of study 25.

The energy on the first information and energy line 7 is distributed by means of a distribution panel 29 to at least 2 combined harnesses 30, and the ninth information and energy line 40. The combined harness 30 is the first information and energy line 7, a charging cable 8 and a nylon cable 6 combined into a single bundle in such a way as to exclude a break in electrical lines and provide communication between the buoy 11 and the equipment compartment 5.

The energy, passing through the circuit breaker 31, is transmitted to the combined harness 33, after which it enters the intermediate repeater 10, where it is transmitted through the first information-energy line 7 to the battery 39, then the energy through the distribution panel 35 is supplied through the eighth information-energy line 36 to the device satellite communications 13.

On the ninth information-energy line 40, the energy feeds the circuit breakers 31 and the locator 42.

The information received from the sensors 22, 23, 26, 27, through the third, fourth, fifth and sixth information-energy lines 18, 19, 20, 28, enters the distribution switching panel, from where it is transmitted through the second information-energy line 16 to the automatic system control and distribution 4 from where through the first information-energy line 7 and then the eighth 36 information-energy line enters the satellite communication device 13, from where it enters the research laboratory 52 via a communication satellite 49, to the central server 51 and, as agreed, to an adjacent organization 53.

If it is necessary to charge the battery pack 1, a charger is connected to the charging connector 12 located in the buoy 11, which can be delivered to the location of the bottom station by water transport, the energy through the charging connector 12 enters the charging cable 37, which, passing through the distribution panel 35, enters into the composition of the combined harness 33, then the energy passing through the circuit breaker 31 enters the combined harness 30 and through the distribution panel 29 enters the charging cable 8, then the energy is supplied to the automatic control and distribution system 4, then to the energy converter 3 in which the parameters of the battery charge are controlled. block 1, after which the energy with the necessary current and voltage parameters for charging is supplied to the battery pack 1 to charge the battery.

Buoy 11 is located on the water surface, while the design of buoy 11 in the event of ice formation makes it possible to push it to the surface and maintain communication with the equipment compartment 5.

Buoy Branch 11

When tensioning the combined harness 33 to critical data threatening to disable the bottom station, the breaker 31 transmits information via the ninth information-energy line 40 through which, through the distribution panel 29 and the first information-energy line 7, the information enters the automatic control and distribution system 4, after which, from the system 4 is fed through the first information-energy line 7 to turn on the hydroacoustic communication device 38, through the second information-energy line 16 to turn on the hydroacoustic communication device 34, then from the automatic control and distribution system 4 a command is sent to the circuit breaker 31 to the compartments of the combined harness 33 from pavilion 9. Next, a command is sent from the automatic control and distribution system 4 to turn on the locator 42. The locator 42 receives information about the presence of ice on the surface of the water and is transmitted via the ninth information-energy line 40 to the automatic control and distribution system 4. When this buoy 11 is sent to drift on the ice floe. The information received from the sensors 22, 23, 26, 27 is transmitted to the automatic control and distribution system 4, from where it is transmitted via the second information-energy line 16 to the hydroacoustic communication device 34, then it is transmitted via the hydroacoustic channel to the hydroacoustic communication device 38, after which it is transmitted via the first information and energy line 7 as part of a combined bundle 33 is sent to the satellite communication device 13 and via a communication satellite 49, via satellite communication to the transceiver 50, and then via mobile communication or satellite communication enters the research laboratory 52 and the central server 51.

Upon receipt of information by the locator 42 about the absence of ice over the pavilion 9, the information is transmitted via the ninth information-energy line 40 to the automatic control and distribution system 4, then a command is sent from the system 4 to the breaker 32, after which the buoy 11 is separated from the pavilion 9, and emerges on the surface of the water, while bringing the combined harness 33 out of the bay 45, then the automatic control and distribution system 4 sends a command to the hydroacoustic communication device 34 to turn off.

Claims (1)

Bottom station for long-term multi-parameter monitoring, characterized in that it contains a hardware compartment, fixed on the anchor system by means of a disconnector and installed on the bottom of the reservoir, inside the hardware compartment, a battery pack is connected in series with the first information-energy line and a charging cable, fixed on the mating part of the disconnector, a converter electric power and automatic control and distribution system, the equipment compartment is connected to the pavilion with positive buoyancy by means of the first information and energy line, charging cable and nylon cable, in which the nylon cable, the first information and energy line and the charging cable are connected to the distribution panel, after which the nylon cable, the first information and energy line and the charging cable are combined into at least one combined harness connected to at least one circuit breaker, which is connected to the ninth information and energy line connected to the distribution panel and the locator, while each circuit breaker is connected by a combined harness placed in the bay through a circuit breaker with an intermediate battery repeater unit, inside which the combined harness is connected to the battery and hydroacoustic communication device, by means of a rigid hitch, while the repeater is connected to the buoy, in the buoy the combined harness is connected to the distribution panel from which the the eighth information and energy line connected to the satellite equipment and the charging cable connected to the charging connector, while the equipment compartment and the automatic control and distribution system of the equipment compartment are connected by a nylon cable and the second information and energy line, respectively, to the underwater transponder buoy and the hydroacoustic communication device the repeater buoy, while, by means of a nylon cable, the underwater repeater buoy is connected to the distribution and switching panel, which is connected by the third information-energy line to the CTD probe sensor, the fourth information-energy line is connected to the highly sensitive sensor PS REM-4-76, the fifth the information-energy line is connected to the sensor PS REM-4-50, made with the possibility of placement on the surface of the object of study, the sixth information-energy line is connected to the sensor PS "Schup", made with the possibility of placement inside the object of study, while the anchor system is also made with the possibility of placement on the object of study.

Images