RU2793847C1 - Method for dismantling the hydraulic structure of naval base - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates in particular to technological solutions for complete or piecemeal dismantling of hydraulic structures and structures using diamond wire cutting of reinforced concrete in underwater conditions. The method for dismantling the hydraulic structure of the naval base consists of transporting floating craft 8, made in form of two floating hulls, sinking floating craft 8 by flooding the tanks with ballast water, making temporary fasteners 2 on the hydraulic structure for further lifting the hydraulic structure with lifting cables 3, fixing lifting cables 3 in a tense position, pumping out ballast water from tanks and increasing the buoyancy of floating craft 8. At the same time, racks 7 and support frame 6 mounted on racks 7 are mounted on the floating hulls of floating craft 8. For dismantling of the hydraulic structure, the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting 11 is used, which structurally provides the ability to change the position of its swivel rollers 13 from the remote control unit. After sinking floating craft 8 by flooding the tanks with ballast water and fixing hoisting cables 3 in a tense position, the workplace of the remote control unit operator and the position of the power plant 11 above the water level are determined, the support roller stands 19 are installed on the hydraulic structure below the level of the future cut using threaded connections 18, diamond wire 15 is passed through rotary rollers 13 on support roller racks 19, the back side of the hydraulic structure at the level of the planned cut, rotary rollers 13 and traction roller 12 of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting 11, followed by the tension of diamond wire 15, cutting with diamond wire 15 of the hydraulic structure is performed by transferring the torque from traction roller 12 of the power unit of the machine for wire diamond cutting 11, the gradual displacement and extension of rotary rollers 13 of the power unit of the machine for wire diamond cutting 11 is carried out from the initial position to maintain the tension of diamond cable 15 until a cut of the hydraulic structure is produced. After pumping out the ballast water from the tanks and increasing the buoyancy of floating craft 8, the hydraulic structure unit is lifted by cables 3 and moved to the shore of the water area. Transportation of floating craft 8 is carried out to the place of dismantling the structure and fixing lifting cables 3.

EFFECT: increase of labour productivity by reducing the time of dismantling, eliminating the dynamic impact on the structure and subsequent cracking of the structures, reducing the noise impact, providing the possibility of recycling the dismantled elements of the hydraulic structure due to the fragmentation of building structures.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, and in particular to technological solutions for the complete or piecemeal dismantling of hydraulic structures and structures using diamond wire cutting of reinforced concrete in underwater conditions.

Known "Method of dismantling the support block of a through marine stationary platform" according to the patent for invention RU 2030504 C1 dated 10.03.1995 - [1], which consists in separating the support block of stationary platforms from the seabed soil by cutting the legs of the support block by exploding annular and rectangular cumulative low power charges. The disadvantage of this method is the high probability of injury and death among personnel who are not trained in the safe production of blasting for industrial purposes, which requires the formation of appropriate training among workers regarding the use of explosives.

Known "Method of dismantling offshore platforms" according to the patent for invention RU 2415225 C1 dated March 27, 2011 - [2], which consists in initiating shock wave generators along platform piles in the seabed. In this case, a reactive charge gas jet is used as shock waves, which is directed towards the seabed parallel to the central vertical axis of the platform. The disadvantage of this method is its narrow applicability in the dismantling of structures. Thus, the massiveness of even a single-standing hydraulic structure made of reinforced concrete is very significant in comparison with the piles of an offshore platform, which does not allow for the destruction or separation of the structure from the seabed for its transportation.

The closest analogue, adopted as a prototype, of the proposed method is a solution known as the "Method of installing and dismantling a bottom complex for performing work on the shelf and a set of technical means for its implementation" according to the patent for invention RU 2381135 C1 dated 10.02.2010 - [3]. The implementation of the dismantling of the complex installed on the bottom, in accordance with the specified method, consists in filling the internal volume of the tower with water, receiving ballast water into the tanks of the floating facility for its sinking, selecting the slack of the floating facility cables with the base of the complex by cargo winches, fixing the cables in a taut position, pumping ballast water from tanks to increase the buoyancy of the floating craft and the simultaneous activation of vibrators and jacking devices until the base skirt is completely out of the ground. The next stage is the transportation of the complex to a new installation site at the bottom or the attraction of the base with cable cargo winches to the floating craft with the consistent dismantling of the strong hull sections of the tower of the complex emerging from the water. At the same time, in accordance with the known method, during the installation of the bottom complex, the floating craft is transported to the installation site together with the foundation. The disadvantage of this well-known solution is its applicability only to the installation and dismantling of the habitable bottom complex, designed for the production of long-term research and work under water. At the same time, certain provisions of this technological solution can be applied for the safe complete or element-by-element removal of a hydraulic structure from a previously occupied base when changing the zonal layout of hydraulic structures and fleet-based facilities. The possibility of reusing the removed parts of hydraulic structures in accordance with the method proposed by the authors is due to the concept of recycling products by returning the dismantled sections to the production cycle for the creation of other structures in accordance with the needs of decision makers.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the manufacturability of the production of dismantling hydraulic structures of the naval base when changing the zonal layout of hydraulic structures and fleet-based facilities.

The technical result is to increase labor productivity by reducing the time of dismantling, eliminating the dynamic impact on the structure and subsequent cracking of the structures, reducing the noise impact, providing the possibility of recycling the dismantled elements of the hydraulic structure due to the fragmentation of building structures. In addition, the use of diamond wire for underwater cutting has a significant technological advantage. Thus, during underwater cutting, the durability of a diamond wire increases significantly, which is determined by the number of square meters of the cut, reduced to 1 m of the wire length [4].

The specified technical result is achieved in the following way. The common features of the prototype and the proposed method is that during the dismantling of the hydraulic structure of the naval base, the floating facility is transported, made in the form of two floating hulls, the floating facility is sunk by receiving ballast water into tanks, the device of temporary fastenings on the hydraulic structure for further lifting of the hydraulic structure lifting ropes, fixing lifting ropes in a taut position, pumping out ballast water from tanks and increasing the buoyancy of the craft.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are:

1. installation on the floating hulls of the floating craft of the rack and the support frame mounted on the racks;

2. use for the dismantling of the hydraulic structure of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting, structurally providing the ability to change the position of its rotary rollers from the remote control unit;

3. determining the workplace of the operator of the remote control unit and the position of the power plant above the water level after sinking the floating facility by receiving ballast water into the tanks and fixing the lifting cables in a taut position;

4. installation of support roller stands on a hydraulic structure below the level of the future cut using threaded connections;

5. passing the diamond wire through the swivel rollers on the support roller stands, the back side of the hydraulic structure at the level of the future cut, the swivel rollers and the traction roller of the power plant of the diamond wire cutting machine, followed by tensioning the diamond wire;

6. cutting with a diamond wire of a hydraulic structure due to the transmission of torque from the traction roller of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting;

7. step-by-step displacement and extension of the swivel rollers of the power plant of the diamond wire cutting machine from the initial position to maintain the tension of the diamond wire until a cut of the hydraulic structure is obtained;

8. transportation of the floating facility to the place of dismantling the structure and fixing the lifting cables.

The combined use of these distinguishing features in the claimed method allows to obtain a positive effect, which consists in the fact that it is possible to perform a cut of a structure in underwater conditions and exclude the dynamic destruction of building structures, which is an energy-consuming and long-term process, for the recycling of dismantled elements at other fleet-based facilities .

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

The figure 1 shows a diagram of the execution of technological operations using a diamond wire cutting machine for the dismantling of a hydraulic structure (top view).

The figure 2 shows a diagram of the device for temporary fastenings and the passage of lifting cables on a hydraulic structure from a floating craft in the section.

The figure 3 shows a diagram of the execution of technological operations using a diamond wire cutting machine for the dismantling of a hydraulic structure in the section.

As a note, it is worth noting that figure 1 does not show an image of a device for tensioning lifting cables, figure 3 does not show an image of a floating facility, temporary fastenings and lifting cables (for reasons of necessity to ensure the convenience of perception of the presented technological schemes and to exclude a pile of elements on top of each other ).

In figures 1 ... 3, the following designations are used in Arabic numerals:

1 - hydraulic structure;

2 - temporary fastening;

3 - lifting cable;

4 - transfer roller;

5 - device for tensioning lifting cables;

6 - support frame;

7 - rack support frame;

8 - floating facility;

9 - tank;

10 - forced water intake system;

11 - power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting;

12 - traction roller;

13 - swivel roller;

14 - water level;

15 - diamond wire;

16 - base of the hydraulic structure;

17 - mooring wall-quay;

18 - threaded connections;

19 - roller racks;

20 - the location of the future cut.

Since the dismantling of a hydraulic structure can be carried out by the repeatedly proposed method, this method is industrially applicable.

The application of the method of dismantling the hydraulic structure of the naval base is carried out as follows. In order to dismantle the structure (1), a special floating facility (8) is transported, which consists of two floating hulls with racks (7) mounted on them and a support frame (6) and equipped with tanks (9) and forced water intake systems (10), to the hydraulic structure (1) in such a way that the support frame (6) of the floating craft (8) mounted on the racks (7) is located above the hydraulic structure (1). Coaxially from opposite sides on the vertical faces of the hydraulic structure (1), temporary fasteners (2) are installed, through which lifting cables (3) are passed and fixed in a tense position.

For the purpose of lifting and towing after the dismantling of the hydraulic structure (1), the floating craft (8) after making temporary fastenings (2) and passing lifting ropes (3) through them, is sunk by receiving ballast water into tanks (9) located in the hulls of the floating craft ( 8). Ballast water intake is carried out by means of forced water intake systems (10), which are also located in the hulls of the floating craft (8). Adjustment and fixation of the lifting cables (3) in the tensioned position is carried out by means of a device for tensioning the lifting cables (5) and transfer rollers (4) fixed on the support frame (6) of the floating craft (8).

After sinking the floating facility (8) by receiving ballast water into the tanks (9) and fixing the lifting ropes (3) in a taut position, the workplace of the operator of the remote control unit (not shown in the figures) and the position of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting (11) are determined above the water level (for example, on a quay wall or an additional floating facility). The figures show a variant of placing the power plant of the machine for wire rope cutting (11) on the quay wall (17).

The next step is to determine the location of the future cut (20) on the hydraulic structure (1) with the subsequent installation of support roller stands (19) together with swivel rollers (13) on the hydraulic structure (1) below the level of the future cut using threaded connections (18). Then through the swivel rollers (13) on the support roller racks (19), the back side of the hydraulic structure (1) at the level (place) of the future cut (20), the swivel rollers (13) and the traction roller (12) of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting (11) the diamond wire (15) is passed with its subsequent tension. In this case, the tension of the diamond wire (15) is adjusted by changing the position of the rotary rollers (13) located on the power plant of the diamond wire cutting machine (11). Changing the position of the rotary rollers (13) of the power plant of the diamond wire cutting machine (11) is carried out by hydraulic and articulated mechanisms, while the operation of the hydraulic and articulated mechanisms is carried out by the operator from the remote control unit.

After completing the above preparatory measures, the operator, using the remote control unit, turns on the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting (11), which allows cutting the hydraulic structure (1) at the place of the intended cut (20) by transferring torque from the traction roller (12) to the power installation of a diamond wire cutting machine (11).

Ensuring the tension of the diamond wire (15) before obtaining a cut of the hydraulic structure (1) is realized due to the gradual displacement and extension of the rotary rollers (13) of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting (11) from the initial position by the operator from the remote control unit.

The final stage of the work is pumping out ballast water from the tanks (9) of the floating facility (8) to increase its buoyancy, followed by lifting the dismantled hydraulic structure (1) with cables (3) and moving it to the shore of the water area by the floating facility (8) by towing.

Used sources

1. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2030504 C1 dated March 10, 1995, “Method for dismantling the support block of a through marine stationary platform”.

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2415225 C1 dated March 27, 2011, "Method of dismantling offshore platforms."

3. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2381135 C1 dated February 10, 2010, “Method of installation and dismantling of the bottom complex for performing work on the shelf and a set of technical means for its implementation.” - prototype.

4. Kosolapov A.V. Basic provisions of the concept of technology of diamond cutting and drilling of building structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo. - 2019. - No. 6. - S. 59-63.

Claims (2)

1. A method for dismantling a hydraulic structure of a naval base, which consists in transporting a floating facility made in the form of two floating hulls, sinking the floating facility by receiving ballast water into tanks, arranging temporary fastenings on the hydraulic structure for further lifting the hydraulic structure with lifting cables, fixing the lifting cables in a tense position, pumping out ballast water from tanks and increasing the buoyancy of the floating craft, characterized in that the floating hulls of the floating craft are equipped with racks and a support frame mounted on racks, to dismantle the hydraulic structure, the power plant of the diamond wire cutting machine is used, structurally providing the possibility of changing the positions of their swivel rollers from the remote control unit, after sinking the floating facility by receiving ballast water into the tanks and fixing the lifting cables in a taut position, the workplace of the operator of the remote control unit and the position of the power plant above the water level are determined, support roller racks are installed on the hydraulic structure below the level future cut using threaded connections, the diamond wire is passed through the swivel rollers on the support roller racks, the back side of the hydraulic structure at the level of the future cut, the swivel rollers and the traction roller of the power plant of the diamond wire cutting machine, followed by tension of the diamond wire, cutting with a diamond wire is performed hydraulic structure due to the transfer of torque from the traction roller of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting, the rotary rollers of the power plant of the machine for wire diamond cutting are gradually shifted and extended from their original position to maintain the tension of the diamond cable until a cut of the hydraulic structure is obtained, and after pumping out the ballast water from tanks and increase the buoyancy of the floating craft, the hydraulic structure block is lifted with cables and moved to the shore of the water area. 2. The method of dismantling the hydraulic structure of the naval base according to claim 1, characterized in that the transportation of the floating facility is carried out to the place where the structure is dismantled and the lifting cables are fixed.

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