RU2793176C1 - Technological line and method for manufacturing continuous curved polymer composite rods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: polymer composites.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a production line for the manufacture of continuous bent polymer composite rods. The technical result is to increase the strength of manufactured connecting products. The technical result is achieved by a technological line for the manufacture of continuous curved polymer composite rods, which contains a creel with rovings, an impregnating bath, a wringer, a winding unit, a bundle laying unit, equipped with a unit for reciprocating the bundle in a plane perpendicular to its movement, and associated with the device forming a curved rod, which is a conveyor with grippers mounted on it, on which a curing oven is mounted. At the same time, the moulding device contains a device for removing a continuous curved polymer composite rod. Moreover, between the creel with rovings and the impregnating bath, made with heating, there is a device for tensioning and drying the roving threads. Between the winding unit and the bundle laying unit there is an oven for preheating the bundle. Carriage of bundle laying unit is made with at least one guide hole. The moulding device further comprises a gripper heating device and a cured composite rod cooling device. The conveyor is made in the form of one central chain moving in the chute, on which brackets with grippers mounted on them are installed, there is also a control panel.

EFFECT: increase in the strength of manufactured connecting products.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The claimed group of inventions relates to a method for manufacturing curved polymer composite rods used as connecting elements in three-layer enclosing structures, as well as to a device for their manufacture.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a production line and a method for manufacturing continuous curved polymer composite rods according to RF patent No. 2665536, V29S 53/82, publ. 08/30/2015 Bull. No. 25, which describes a production line for the manufacture of continuous bent polymer composite rods, containing a creel with rovings, an impregnating bath, a wringer, a winding unit, a bundle laying unit, which is equipped with a unit for reciprocating the bundle in a plane perpendicular to its movement and connected with a device for forming a bent rod, which is a conveyor with grippers mounted on it, on which a curing oven is mounted, while the forming device contains a device for removing a continuous bent polymer composite rod, as well as a method for manufacturing continuous bent polymer composite rods, characterized in that the roving is wound with the creel is impregnated with the compound in the impregnating bath, the excess compound is squeezed out in the squeezing device, the resulting tow is directed to the winding unit and then to the laying device, it is fed to the grips of the conveyor of the forming unit, forming a bent configuration of the tow, it is moved by means of the conveyor to the curing oven, cured bent the polymer composite rod is wound on the winding device through the removal device, or it is cut into measured pieces.

Prototype Disadvantages:

1) the absence of a device for tensioning and drying the roving threads does not allow pre-stretching and drying the roving before impregnating it with a compound;

2) a cold bath (performed without heating) does not provide high-quality impregnation of roving threads with a compound;

3) the absence of a furnace for preheating the tow does not allow the polymerization of the tow to be carried out, therefore, the compound constantly leaks from the tow on the production line, which leads to clogging of the device mechanisms with the leaking compound and an increase in the degree of flammability on the process line;

4) the use of guide rollers of the carriage for laying the bundle does not contribute to the stability of the shape of the resulting bundle;

5) the stability of the polymerization of the rod along its entire length (including in the places of inflection) is not ensured, since the grips are made without heating;

6) the absence of a cooling device for the cured composite rod lengthens the process of its polymerization and reduces the productivity of the prototype;

7) the implementation of the conveyor in the form of two parallel chains does not allow to produce different geometric dimensions of curved polymer composite rods;

8) sticking of the formed curved polymeric composite rod to the grips makes it difficult to remove it.

The technical problem solved by the creation of the claimed group of inventions is that the most important task continues to be to provide citizens with high-quality and affordable housing. It is known that panel houses are built quickly, because an almost finished house is brought to the construction site, but only disassembled, so the responsible task of assembling the structure is assigned to the builders, who must have reliable connecting elements that provide the enclosing structures of the external wall panels of residential premises of apartment buildings from collapses, including during catastrophes. Safety and reliable living conditions for a person in a panel house, as well as the safety of property and engineering equipment of the premises, is achieved through the use of curved polymer composite rods as connecting elements of external three-layer enclosing structures, which have increased strength and, accordingly, provide increased reliability of the facility during operation.

The technical result of the claimed group of inventions is to improve the design of the production line and the method of manufacturing continuous curved polymer composite rods to increase strength (achieving shape stability due to high-quality baking of the bent rod), quality and reliability (durability) during further operation of the connecting products for three-layer enclosing manufactured on the production line. structures with a simultaneous increase in the productivity of the production line, ensuring its versatility, reducing the fire hazard in production.

The technical result is achieved by the fact thata production line for the production of continuous bent polymer composite rods, containing a creel with rovings, an impregnating bath, a wringer, a winding unit, a bundle laying unit, equipped with a unit for reciprocating the bundle in a plane perpendicular to its movement and connected to a bent rod forming device, which is a conveyor with grippers mounted on it, on which a curing oven is mounted, while the molding device includes a device for removing a continuous curved polymer composite rod, moreover between the creel with rovings and the impregnating bath, made with heating, there is a device for tensioning and drying the roving threads, between the winding unit and the bundle laying unit there is a bundle preheating furnace, the carriage of the bundle laying unit is made with at least one guide hole, the forming device additionally contains gripper heating device and cured composite rod cooling device; Wherein bent rod forming device contains node for cleaning the grippers from resin residues. In this case, the device for forming a curved rod contains gripper lubrication unit.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the method for manufacturing continuous bent polymer composite rods, characterized in that the roving is wound from the creel, impregnated with the compound in the impregnating bath, the excess compound is squeezed out in the wringer, the resulting bundle is directed to the winding unit and then to the laying device, it is fed to the grips of the conveyor of the forming device, forming a bent configuration of the bundle, it is moved by means of the conveyor to the curing oven, the cured bent polymer composite rod is wound onto the winding device through the removal device, or it is cut into measured pieces, and the roving threads wound from the creel bobbins are pulled and dried in a tensioning and drying device, then sent to a heated bath, where they are impregnated with a heated compound, the bundle leaving the winding assembly is sent to the preheating furnace, the bundle exiting the preheating furnace is directed to at least one guide hole of the carriage of the bundle laying unit , prior to laying the bundle on the grips, they are preheated using a grip heating device, the curved polymer composite rod exiting the curing oven is cooled in the cooling device, the process of manufacturing continuous bent polymer composite rods is controlled from the control panel. Wherein the grips are cleaned by means of a grip cleaner. In this case, the grippers are lubricated by means of a gripper lubrication device.

New essential distinguishing features of the proposed technical solution (line) are the following features:

- between the creel with rovings and the impregnating bath with heating, there is a device for tensioning and drying the roving threads;

- impregnating bath with epoxy compound is heated;

- between the winding unit and the bundle laying unit there is an oven for preheating the bundle;

- the carriage of the bundle laying unit is made with at least one guide hole;

- the forming device additionally contains a device for heating the grips and a device for cooling the cured composite rod;

- the conveyor is made in the form of one central chain moving in the chute;

- brackets are made on the conveyor with grippers with grooves installed on them.

New essential distinguishing features of the proposed method are the following features:

- the roving threads wound from the creel bobbins are stretched and dried in the tension and drying device;

- then stretched and dried roving threads are sent to a heated bath, where they are impregnated with a heated compound;

- the bundle leaving the winding assembly is sent to the preheating furnace;

- the tow coming out of the preheating oven is directed to at least one guide hole of the carriage of the tow laying unit;

- prior to laying the harness on the grips, they are preheated using a grip heating device;

- the curved polymeric composite rod leaving the curing oven is cooled in the cooling device;

- the process of manufacturing continuous bent polymer composite rods is controlled from the control panel.

The combination of new essential distinguishing features, along with the features known from the prior art, is sufficient to solve this technical problem and obtain the technical result provided by the inventions - improving the design of the production line and the method for manufacturing continuous curved polymer composite rods on it to obtain products with increased strength properties.

The essence of the proposed technical solutions, their feasibility and the possibility of industrial application is illustrated by drawings (Figure 1, 2, 3), where:

figure 1 - a schematic representation of the production line (top view);

in FIG. 2 - front view of the production line;

in FIG. 3 - view of the grip mounted on the conveyor for laying the composite rod.

The drawings (Figure 1, 2, 3) have the following designations:

1 - creel;

2 - rovings;

3 - device for tensioning and drying roving (fiberglass) threads;

4 - impregnating heated bath;

5 - squeezing device;

6 - winding unit;

7 - furnace preheating bundle;

8 - tourniquet;

9 - stacking device;

10 - molding device;

11 - cutting device;

12 - winding device;

13 - carriage;

14 - guide holes;

15 - guide;

16 - drive;

17 - conveyor;

18 - brackets;

19 - captures;

20 - gripper grooves;

21 – gripper heating device;

22 – oven for curing (polymerization) of the composite rod;

23 - cooling device;

24 - node for cleaning the grippers from the resin;

25 – gripper lubrication unit;

26 - conveyor chain;

27 - control panel;

28 - removal device;

29 - cured bent rod.

The polymer composite rod is a thermoset reinforced with mineral fibers, such as glass, basalt.

The production line for the manufacture of curved polymer composite rods, shown in Fig.1,2,3, contains a creel 1 (Fig.1) having bobbins with rovings 2, a device 3 for tensioning and drying roving (fiberglass) threads, impregnating heated (standard electric or water heating, for example from 20°C to 50°C) compound bath 4, wringer 5, winding assembly 6, oven (for example, a standard electric oven) 7 of preheating the bundle 8, stacking device 9, device 10 (Fig.1, 2) forming, cutting device 11 (Fig.1) or winding device 12.

The device 9 for laying the bundle 8 consists of a carriage 13 with two guide holes 14 (Fig.2), a guide 15 (Fig.1, 2) for moving the carriage 13 (Fig.1) and a drive 16 for linear movement of the carriage 13.

Device 9 laying harness associated with the device 10 (Fig.1, 2) molding cured bent rod 29 (Fig.2) and is located with him in the same plane.

The device 10 (Fig.1,2) molding with the function of curing and broach contains a conveyor 17 (Fig.2) with brackets 18 fixed on it (Fig.1,3) with grippers 19 (guides) having grooves 20 (Fig.3 ) for fixing the formation of an uncured bundle 8 (Figure 1), as well as a device 21 (Figure 1,2) for heating the grips in the form of two heating elements located on both sides of the conveyor, an oven 22 for curing (polymerization) of the composite rod, a cooling device 23 (for example, a fan unit) of the cured composite rod, a node 24 for cleaning the grips (for example, brushes) from resin residues, a lubrication unit 25 (for example, oily rags) of the grips.

The conveyor 17 (Figure 2) is used to move the harness 8 (Figure 1) along the device 10 (Figure 1,2) forming: moving the harness 8 (Figure 1) into the oven 22 (Figure 1,2) curing (polymerization ), and then into the cooling device 23. The oven 22 for curing (polymerization) of the composite rod can be infrared, microwave, radiation, convection, etc.

The conveyor 17 (Fig. 2) is an endless conveyor having one moving central chain 26 (Fig. 1, 2) located in a chute (not shown in Fig.). The mutual arrangement of the grips 19 (Fig.1,3) of the conveyor 17 (Fig.2) sets the configuration of the bending of the polymer composite rod, which at the bending point must have a certain radius of curvature to maintain the strength properties of the rod, which are the grips 19 (Fig.1,3 ) made with grooves 20 (Figure 3).

The amplitude of movement of the carriage 13 (Figure 1) with guide holes 14 (Figure 2) node 9 (Figure 1) laying harness slightly exceeds the distance between the grips 19 (Figure 1,3) in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor 17 (Figure .2).

Due to the circular motion of the conveyor 17 with the grips 19 (Fig. 1.3) mounted on it along the upper and lower surfaces of the molding device 10 (Fig. 1.2), the grips 19 (Fig. 1) move from the starting point (not shown in Fig. shown) to the end point (not shown in Fig. 2) of the conveyor 17 (Fig. 2) and their subsequent return to the starting point of the conveyor 17. cleaning using node 24 (Fig.1,2) cleaning the grips from resin residues, lubricating using node 25 (Fig.2) lubricating the grips and heating using the device 21 for heating the grips 19.

The production line includes a control panel 27 (Figure 1).

The production line works as follows.

The rovings 2 are unwound from the bobbins (not shown in Fig.) of the creel 1, the fiberglass is stretched and dried in the device 3, and then the fiberglass is impregnated in a heated impregnation bath 4, for example, with an epoxy compound, the excess compound is squeezed out of the rovings 2 in the squeezing device 5 and the compound-impregnated rovings 2 are sent to the winding unit 6. The resulting uncured bundle 8, which has a cylindrical section at the exit from the winding unit 6, is fed into the oven 7 for preheating the bundle 8. Then the bundle 8 is sent to the laying device 9.

The carriage 13 of the stacking device 9 with a filled uncured bundle 8, reciprocating along the guides 15 (Fig.1,2) perpendicular to the movement of the conveyor 17 (Fig.2), lays the uncured bundle 8 (Fig.1) on the grips 19 ( Fig.1,3) conveyor 17 (Fig.2).

Laying uncured bundle 8 (Figure 1) on the grips 19 (Figure 1,3) of the conveyor 17 (Figure 2) is carried out as follows: carriage 13 (Figure 1) with guide holes 14 (Figure 2) of the device 9 (Figure 2) .1) laying the harness 8 occupies the extreme right position. At this point, the uncured strand 8 is taken up by the gripper 19 (FIG. 1) (pre-heated in the grip heating device 21 (FIGS. 1, 2) of the molding device 10 by the movement of the conveyor 17 (FIG. 2). The device 21 (Fig.1,2) heating the grips 19 (Fig.1,3), located under the conveyor 17 (Fig.2) - closer to the device 9 (Fig.1) laying, alternately heats the grips 19 (Fig.1 ,3) located on the brackets 18 (Figure 1) mounted on the conveyor 17 (Figure 2). Heating of the grips 19 (Fig.1,3) is carried out before laying the uncured bundle 8 (Fig.1), i.e., before it is captured by the grip 19 (Fig.1,3). Next, the carriage 13 (Figure 1) with guide holes 14 (Figure 2) moves to the opposite extreme left position. In the future, the process is repeated.

By means of a conveyor 17, the uncured molded strand 8 (FIG. 1) is transferred to a curing (and polymerization) oven 22 (FIGS. 1, 2) where it is cured to form a cured curved polymer composite rod 29 (FIG. 2). Moving the conveyor 17 into the oven 22 (Fig.1,2) curing (and polymerization) of the composite rod 29 (Fig.2) is carried out by means of a drive (electric motor with a gearbox) through the drive sprockets (not shown in Fig.).

The curved polymer rod exiting the curing (and polymerization) oven 22 (Fig. 1, 2) is sent to the cooling device 23, from where it is fed to the removal device 28 (Fig. 1) of the continuous curved polymer composite rod 29 (Fig. 2) . The pickup device 28 (FIG. 1) is attached to a frame (not shown in FIG.) of the production line.

The finished cured rod 29 (Figure 2) during the movement of the conveyor 17 "runs" alternately on two guides (not shown in Figure) of the removal device 28 (Figure 1), located, for example, at an acute angle to the horizontal plane of the conveyor frame 17 ( Fig.2), resulting in the finished cured rod 29 rises above the grips 19 (Fig.1,3), which ensures its removal alternately from each of the grips 19.

Next, the rod 29 (Figure 2) is fed to the cutting device 11 (Figure 1) or fed to the winding device 12.

The operation of the production line for the manufacture of curved polymer composite rods is carried out from the control panel 27.

Unlike the prototype, in which there is no device for tensioning and drying the roving threads, the proposed technical solution, due to the presence of a device for tensioning and drying the roving threads, provides a preliminary tension of the roving threads and its preliminary drying before further impregnation with an epoxy compound, which makes it possible to create a better basis for further manufacturing of the rods, since pre-tensioning allows you to align the roving threads and create a more monolithic structure, and preliminary drying (getting rid of excess moisture) allows you to provide better adhesion of the roving threads with the compound in the impregnating heated bath.

Unlike the prototype, where the roving threads in the impregnation bath are impregnated with a cold compound, since there is no device for heating the impregnating bath with the compound, in the proposed technical solution, due to the presence of a heated impregnation bath, the roving threads are impregnated with a warm epoxy compound, due to the increase in the fluidity of the heated compound, better impregnation of roving threads.

Unlike the prototype, where there is no furnace for preheating the bundle, which causes clogging of the constituent elements of the production line and an increase in fire hazard at the workplace, in the proposed technical solution, due to the presence of a preheating furnace in the bundle, prepolymerization occurs, which prevents the compound from flowing out of the bundle and clogging with the resulting compound of technological line mechanisms (including carriages, conveyor chains, grippers), and this reduces the fire hazard in production.

Unlike the prototype, where there are no guide holes in the carriage of the bundle laying unit, but there are guide rollers located opposite each other (the use of which does not contribute to the stability of the bundle shape), in the proposed technical solution, guide holes are made in the carriage of the bundle laying unit, which allows you to save the structure of the rod due to the absence of its damage, ensuring the stability of its shape, which during further operation ensures the durability of the connecting element of the three-layer enclosing structures, and, consequently, the enclosing structures themselves.

Unlike the prototype, where there is no device for heating the grips and the rod cools at the points of contact with the grips, reducing the quality of the product, in the proposed technical solution, the presence of a heating device for the grips allows you to maintain the temperature of the preheated rod at the points of contact with the grips, which ensures the stability of polymerization (strength ) of the rod along its entire length (surface), including - in places of kinks, which, with its further use, will ensure the durability (protection from destruction of the enclosing structures) of the operating object.

Unlike the prototype, where there is no cooling device for the hardened composite rod, in the proposed technical solution, the presence of a cooling device for the hardened composite rod allows you to speed up the polymerization process, and therefore increase the productivity of the production line (reducing the time to release products).

Unlike the prototype, where the conveyor is made in the form of two parallel chains, which does not allow the production of curved rods of different geometry, since the geometry of the rod creates the distance between the chains and the location of the hooks on these chains, in the proposed technical solution, the conveyor is equipped with one chain, which it is possible to equip different types of brackets with different pitches (since it is possible to reinstall the brackets) and with different geometric dimensions, so on the same line it is possible to produce curved rods (finished products) of various geometries, which ensures the versatility of the claimed device.

In the proposed technical solution, in contrast to the prototype, the presence of the grip cleaning unit allows you to clean the grips from the remains of the compound (resin), and the grip lubrication unit allows you to prevent the grips from sticking to the compound and improve the removal of the molded rod from the grips.

The proposed technical solutions, due to the presence of new design features of the device and the method of manufacturing curved polymer composite rods on the production line, increase the performance of the claimed device.

Thus, thanks to the improvement of the production line and the method of manufacturing products on it, the claimed technical result is achieved, which consists in obtaining strong (high-quality baked) continuous curved polymer composite rods (including in places of their kinks), which during operation provide a reliable connection in three-layer enclosing structures,

The implementation of the proposed group of inventions allows solving the claimed technical problem and ensuring the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The proposed technological line has a constructive unity and implements a common functional purpose (functional unity). The claimed device and method are interconnected by a single inventive concept.

The proposed technical solutions do not explicitly follow from the prior art. In the course of the patent search, no technical solutions were identified that coincide with their essential distinguishing features, therefore, the claimed group of inventions satisfies the condition of patentability "inventive step".

In the prior art, no analogue has been found, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed group of inventions.

The Applicant tested (tested) the proposed device and method of its operation, which confirmed the purpose, feasibility and operability, in connection with which the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".

Claims (6)

1. A production line for the manufacture of continuous curved polymer composite rods, containing a creel with rovings, an impregnating bath, a wringing device, a winding unit, a bundle laying unit is equipped with a unit for reciprocating the bundle in a plane perpendicular to its movement, and is connected to a device for forming a curved rod , which is a conveyor with grippers mounted on it, on which a curing oven is mounted, while the forming device contains a device for removing a continuous curved polymer composite rod, characterized in that between the creel with rovings and the impregnating bath, made with heating, there is a tensioning and drying device roving threads, between the winding unit and the bundle laying unit there is a bundle preheating oven, the carriage of the bundle laying unit is made with at least one guide hole, the forming device additionally contains a gripper heating device and a cured composite rod cooling device, the conveyor is made in the form of one moving in chute of the central chain, on which brackets with grippers mounted on them, has a control panel. 2. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for forming a curved rod contains a unit for cleaning the grippers from resin residues. 3. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for forming a curved rod contains a gripper lubrication unit. 4. A method for manufacturing continuous bent polymer composite rods, characterized in that the roving is unwound from a creel, impregnated with a compound in an impregnating bath, the excess compound is squeezed out in a wringer, the resulting bundle is directed to the winding assembly and then to the laying device, it is fed to the conveyor grips the forming devices, forming a bent configuration of the tow, move it through a conveyor to the curing oven, the cured bent polymer composite rod is wound onto the winding device through the removal device, or cut into measured pieces, characterized in that the roving threads wound from the creel bobbins are pulled and dried in tensioning and drying device, then sent to a heated bath, where they are impregnated with a heated compound, the bundle exiting the winding assembly is sent to the preheating furnace, the bundle exiting the preheating furnace is directed into at least one guide hole of the carriage of the bundle laying unit, up to the tow is laid on the grips, they are preheated using a grip heating device, the curved polymer composite rod that exits the curing oven is cooled in the cooling device, the process of manufacturing continuous bent polymer composite rods is controlled from the control panel. 5. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the grippers are cleaned by means of a gripper cleaner. 6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the grips are lubricated by means of a grip lubricator.

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