RU2792672C1 - Feed auger for cutting and separating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cutting and separating device.

SUBSTANCE: feed auger (130) for the cutting and separating device (100) includes an auger shaft (131) having at least one auger coil (132) spirally formed on it, which in the mounted position has a front side surface (140) for food product shift transportation, located on the opposite side of the rear side surface (141), as well as at its distal end (142) between the front side surface (140) and the rear side surface (141) there is a cylindrical section (143), which is formed in the transition area to the front side surface (140) of the coil (132) of the auger with a sharpened cutting edge (133). The sharpened cutting edge (133) has a positive rake angle (γ) located between the front side surface (140) and oriented at a right angle in relation to the shaft (131) of the auger by the processing plane (144). The pointed cutting edge (133) is formed by a groove (145) made at the distal end (142) of the front side surface (140), the outer contour (146) of which crosses the cylindrical section (143).

EFFECT: group of inventions makes it possible to improve the cutting performance of the cutting and separating device (100).

14 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a feed screw for a cutting-separating device according to the features indicated in the restrictive part of claim 1 of the claims. In addition, the invention is implemented in a cutting-separating device.

Cutting-separating devices containing a feed screw are often used in the food industry, in particular for grinding and further processing of meat. In the processing of meat, for example, into sausages in the food industry, in particular, the muscle groups of lean meat, which have a low proportion of collagen tissue, are of interest. However, processed meat is usually additionally permeated with adipose tissue, collagen tissue and tendons, which should be completely sorted out during grinding and removed from the processing cycle.

To remove unwanted components, for example, cutting-separating devices according to DE 10 2017 003 407 B3 are used, which have a grinding drum having a pressure housing in which a feed screw is rotatably mounted. This pressure body has a plurality of radially oriented cutting holes. The processed food product is fed through the inlet into the pressure housing, in which the softer parts of the processed food product are displaced into the cutting holes due to the pressure transferred to the food product by the feed screw, separated in the form of sausages of the food product and squeezed out of the pressure cylinder through the cutting holes. In this case, we are talking about a component of the food product that is desirable for further processing. Tendon material as well as unused solids do not take part in the grinding process and leave the pressure housing through an outlet located at the end. However, it has been found that over time in use, a material having a high strength, such as collagen, for example, adheres to the inner wall and blocks the cutting holes, so that they are no longer available for grinding work, and the cutting performance of the cutting-separating device is reduced.

US 32 060 E discloses a cutting device having a feed auger installed therein. On the section located on the inlet side, the feeding auger is provided on its front side surface with a concavely shaped auger flight, as a result of which the outer end of the auger flight protrudes in the feed direction. This protruding outer end of the flight of the screw serves to extrude fragments of bone material in the direction of the axis of the supply screw.

US 2,841,197 also describes a cutting device having a feed auger located therein. This feed auger can also be produced as a molded casting, whereby the mold has a constriction at the radial tip of the feed auger, so that no special treatment of the knives is required to cause the constriction in the assembled machine.

The underlying object of the invention was to improve the feed screw in such a way that the cutting performance of the cutter-separator is significantly improved.

The task in accordance with the invention is solved using the features of claim 1 of the claims. The positive rake angle is particularly effective in picking up and removing build-up of the processed food product, which fall into the area of action of the feed screw, from the inner wall of the chopping drum of the cutter. Preferably this rake angle is between 10° and 50°, particularly preferably between 20° and 40°, most preferably between 25° and 35°.

The pointed cutting edge is formed by a groove made at the distal end of the front side surface, the outer contour of which crosses the cylindrical section. The outer contour of the groove forms in this embodiment the relevant portion of the front side surface of the flight of the screw. In this case, the front cutting angle is located between the outer contour of the groove and the processing plane. Then the taper angle extends between the outer contour of the groove and the cylindrical section of the screw flight. The inner contour of the groove passes in the direction of the screw shaft into the front side surface of the screw flight. The groove width occupies in the radial direction only a separate section of the front side surface or, accordingly, the radius of the screw coil.

Preferably, between the front side surface and the cylindrical section there is a taper angle of 40° to 80°, particularly preferably 50° to 70°, most preferably 55° to 65°.

Rationally, a radius or chamfer is located between the cylindrical section and the rear side surface. This removal of material reduces the temperature rise in the processed food product and thus reduces bacterial contamination.

The invention is also implemented in a cutting-separating device having a feed screw according to the invention, this feed screw being rotatably mounted in the pressure housing of the grinding drum, on the first end section of which an inlet is made, and on the second end section of which there is an outlet, while on section of the pressure housing there are many cutting holes that penetrate through this section of the pressure housing from the inner wall to the outer wall.

Preferably, a sharpened cutting edge is provided on a portion of the feed screw that is aligned with the cutting holes. Only in this area is the grinding of the processed food product carried out with the risk of overlapping the cutting holes. The inlet section of the feed screw, which can be located upstream between the section of the discharge body having cutting holes made in it, and the inlet of the pressure casing, does not need a sharpened cutting edge. As a result, the operating costs of the feed auger can be significantly reduced, since the sharp cutting edge only has to be formed on the feed auger in a single area.

The cylindrical section of the flight of the screw may have a width that corresponds at least to the diameter of the cutting holes on the inner wall. With this choice of size and expected operating loads, the flight of the auger acquires sufficient strength without reversible deformation. In addition, there is a favorable effect on productivity and cutting quality, since the meat sausage held in the cutting hole is completely detached from the processed food product located in the pressure housing area.

It turned out that it is particularly advantageous if the cutting holes are oriented at an angle with the axes of the holes inclined relative to the inner wall. The cutting holes emerge on the inner wall of the pressure body and, during the operation of the cutting-separating device, perform the predominant part of the work of cutting the processed food product. From the inclined axis of the opening of the cutting openings in the transition region of the cutting opening and the inner wall, a particularly sharp, cutting edge of the opening is obtained, having a taper angle of less than 90°. On the opposite side of the cutting edge of the opening, the cutting opening, in contrast, has a retracting opening edge having an obtuse angle of more than 90°, into which the processed food product enters particularly well. Owing to the inclined axes of the openings of the cutting openings, a sharp cutting edge of the opening and a blunt retracting edge of the opening can be created particularly easily.

Preferably, the angle of the inclined axis of the opening includes a first angle, which is located on the side of the cutting opening facing away from the inlet of the pressure housing between its axis of the opening and the inner wall. At this first angle, the axis of the opening is inclined towards the inlet of the pressure housing. In the axial direction of the pressure housing, its radius expediently coincides with the axis of the opening. Therefore, each cutting opening can have, on the inner wall of the pressure housing section, a cutting edge of the opening facing the outlet opening and a retracting edge of the opening facing the inlet opening.

Since the processed food product from the inlet moves through the pressure housing in the direction of the outlet, the cutting edge of the hole is made on the side of the cutting hole facing away from the inlet of the pressure housing and, thus, is directed towards the main direction of movement of the processed food product. This results in a clean separating cut without significant squeezing of the processed food product.

Preferably the first angle is between 60° and 88°, particularly preferably between 65° and 85°, most preferably between 70° and 80°. The smaller the first angle, the sharper the cutting edge of the hole formed by it, which results in a particularly high cutting performance with a high quality of the food component desired for further processing. However, a smaller first angle also reduces the service life of the chopping drum due to wear.

Rationally, the axes of the holes are oriented so that the cutting edge of the hole is made between the inner wall and the axis of the hole is made with the first angle. The taper angle of the cutting edge of the hole corresponds to the first angle of the corresponding axis of the hole.

Said angle may include a second angle which is located in the circumferential direction of said section of the pressure housing between the axis of the opening and the radius of this section of the pressure housing. Therefore, the axes of the openings are additionally inclined in the circumferential direction of the pressure housing section. Therefore, the cutting edge of the opening extends further transversely from the side of the cutting opening directed towards the outlet opening of the pressure housing and stands substantially perpendicularly opposite the food product, which also rotates at least partly with it, at the rotating feed screw.

Preferably the second angle is between 2° and 30°, particularly preferably between 5° and 25°, most preferably between 10° and 20°. Thus, the second angle corresponds to the difference between 90° and the first angle.

Suitably, the second corner is oriented against the direction of rotation of the feed screw. Due to this, the cutting edge of the opening of the cutting opening is shifted to the side from the position originally facing the outlet and protrudes towards the approaching front side surface of the flight of the screw, as well as the processed food product located in front of it. The retracting edge of the hole in this embodiment also lies opposite the cutting edge of the hole and, first of all, is aligned with the front side surface of the flight of the screw. As a result of this orientation of the hole axis, a particularly favorable filling of the cutting hole and a particularly clean separation of the food sausage already in the cutting hole is achieved.

In the axial direction and/or in the circumferential direction, the edges of the holes of adjacent cutting holes can be oriented, overlapping each other. This makes it possible to avoid the formation of bridges and the supply of a part of the processed food product through the specified section of the pressure housing without contact with the cutting hole. Advantageously, the cutting holes arranged in axial direction one behind the other are oriented offset relative to each other in the circumferential direction with a shear angle of 3° to 9°, particularly preferably 4° to 8°, most preferably 5° to 7°.

For a better understanding, the invention is explained in more detail below in six figures. Shown:

figure 1: a longitudinal section of the cutting-separating device having a grinding drum, according to the first embodiment, and located in the feed screw;

figure 2: longitudinal section of the grinding drum in accordance with figure 1;

figure 3: enlarged longitudinal section of a fragment of figure 2;

figure 4: a cross section of the cutting-separating device in accordance with figure 1 in the area of the specified section of the discharge body;

figure 5: longitudinal section of the feed screw according to figure 1 and

Fig.6: cross-section of the cutting-separating device having a grinding drum, according to the second embodiment in the area of the specified section of the pressure housing.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the cutting-separating device 100, having a grinding drum 110 and a feed screw 130 coaxially located in it. the grinding drum 110 is supplied with the food product to be ground. At the opposite end of the pressure body 111 is a second end portion 114, on which an outlet 115 is formed, through which tendinous material as well as unused solids are discharged from the pressure body 111. The inlet 113 and the outlet 115 form respectively opposite axial openings of the discharge body 111.

On the chopping drum 110, at the first end section 112 of the pressure housing 111, an upstream connection means 119a is provided, with which a releasable connection can be made to a supply channel or feed funnel, not shown here. In addition, the chopping drum 110 has, at the second end section 114 of the pressure housing 111, a downstream connecting means 119b, on which, for example, a throttle valve, also not shown, can be installed to control the pressure of the food product inside the pressure housing 111.

The pressure housing 111 of the chopping drum 110 has a pressure housing section 116 having a plurality of cutting holes 120 that extend through from the inner wall 117 of the pressure housing section 116 to the outer wall 118. Through these cutting holes 120 the component of the food product that is desired for further processing is displaced.

The feed screw 130 includes a rotary screw shaft 131 whose axis of rotation coincides with the longitudinal axis X of the pressure housing 111. shaft 131 of the screw due to its rise moves the food product located in the pressure housing 111 from the inlet 113 in the direction of the outlet 115. This creates pressure in the processed food product, which moves the processed food product into the cutting holes 120, so that inside the cutting hole 120 a sausage of the food product is formed. As a result of the continuous movement of the food product to be processed created by the feed screw 130, the sausage of the food product breaks away from the food product remaining in the discharge body section 116 and penetrates through the cutting hole 120 from the pressure casing 111 to the outside.

However, only in the area of the section 116 of the pressure housing, that is, in the section 134 of the supply screw 130, which is aligned with the cutting holes 120, the screw coil 132 has at its outer end a sharpened cutting edge 133, the shape and function of which will be explained below in connection with Fig.4 -fig.6.

As can be seen especially well in FIG. 2, the cutting holes 120 do not pass through the section 116 of the pressure body in the radial direction, but are inclined with their axis 121 of the hole. This inclination of the axis 121 of the opening is chosen in such a way that it faces on the inner wall 117 towards the inlet 113.

An enlarged view of the fragment, including cutting holes 120, is shown in Fig.3. The cutting holes 120 are made in the form of stepped drilling, having an outer, larger diameter cross-section and an inner cross-section of a smaller diameter, due to which the component of the food product desired for further processing is heated relatively little, and contamination by microorganisms is reduced, since the sausage already separated in the cutting holes 120 food product can expand in a cross section of a larger diameter.

However, only the diameter ∅ _O of the cutting holes 120 located in the region of the inner wall 117 participates in the grinding of the processed food product. The axis 121 of the hole is inclined at a first angle α _O1 . This angle α _O1 is applied on the side of the outlet opening 115 between the axis of the opening 121 and the inner wall 117 or, respectively, the longitudinal axis X of the casing.

Each cutting opening 120 has, in the transition region to the inner wall 117 of the section 116 of the pressure housing, a circumferential edge 122 of the opening, in which, however, the part facing the outlet opening 115 serves as the cutting edge 122a of the opening for the food product to be ground, and the part facing the inlet opening 113 is the retracting edge 122b of the hole. By tilting the hole axis 121 at the first angle α _O1 , a particularly sharp cutting edge 122a of the hole at the same sharp angle α _O1 is obtained. The retraction edge 122b of the hole, in contrast, has an obtuse angle greater than 90° and therefore facilitates the entry of the food product to be ground into each cutting hole 120. The size of this obtuse angle of the retraction edge 122b of the hole is 180° minus the first angle α _O1 .

Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutting-separating device 100 having a chopping drum 110 according to the first embodiment, in which the cutting holes 120 in the cross-sectional plane converge radially to the longitudinal axis X of the body. The axially offset pattern plane cutting holes 120 are positioned relative to the pattern plane cutting holes 120 in front of them, such that their hole axes 121 are offset from each other by an angle β _O in the circumferential direction.

The feed screw 130 rotates in the direction of rotation M, in the plane of the figure of Fig. 4 in a clockwise direction. The screw flight 132 has a front side surface 140 which is located in the front rotation direction M and a rear side surface 141 which is located in the rear rotation direction M. Between the front side surface 140 and the rear side surface 141 at each distal end 142 of the flight 132 of the screw, a cylindrical section 143 is distinguishable, which is formed complementary to the inner wall 117 of the section 116 of the pressure vessel.

The pointed cutting edge 133 includes a groove 145 selected on the front side surface 140, the outer contour 146 (FIG. 5) of which adjoins and passes into the cylindrical section 143. The groove 145 is made along the axial course of the feed screw 130 equidistant relative to the cylindrical section 143 and extends throughout the section 134 aligned with the cutting holes 120. The groove 145 is made in the radial direction always only on a part of the front side surface 140 of the coil 132 of the screw.

In the direction of the shaft 131 of the screw, the inner contour 148 of the groove 145 is adjacent to the front side surface 140 of the coil 132 of the screw extending to the shaft 131 of the screw. The groove 145 has a radial width R _N that is less than preferably 30%, particularly preferably 25%, of the bearing radius R _S of the screw flight 132.

By means of the sharpened cutting edge 133, deposits of the processed food product on the inner wall 117 of the section 116 of the pressure housing can, in particular, be scraped off, so that they do not lie permanently on the cutting holes 120 and thus do not prevent the entry of the processed food product into the cutting holes 120. Usually such build-ups consist of a collagen material that is up to twenty times stronger than lean meat and, due to its high strength, hardly penetrates into the cutting holes. The deposits removed from the pointed cutting edge 133 are transported towards the outlet 115 and removed there.

Fig.5 explains in the longitudinal section of the feed screw 130 that the pointed cutting edge 133 is formed by the outer contour 146 of the groove 145 and the cylindrical section 143. The pointed cutting edge 133 has a front cutting angle γ, which is set between standing perpendicular to the axial extent of the feed screw 130 plane 144 processing and the outer contour 146 of the groove 145. The angle δ sharpening is located between the outer contour 146 of the groove 145 and the cylindrical section 143 of the coil 132 of the screw. Since, due to the cylindrical portion 143 of the flight 132 of the screw, the rear cutting angle is always 0°, the sum of the front cutting angle γ and the taper angle δ is always 90°.

The sharpened cutting edge 133 is present only in the portion 134 aligned with the cutting holes 120. In the inlet portion 135 of the feed screw 130, which protrudes beyond the pressure housing 111 of the chopping drum 110 between the pressure housing portion 116 having the cutting holes 120 and the inlet 113, it has only the conventional screw flight 132, the cutting edge of which can be made, for example, with a cutting angle γ of 90°. Since there are no cutting holes 120 in the discharge housing 111 in this area, they also do not become clogged with buildup of the processed food product and therefore also should not be removed from the sharp cutting edge 1333 of the feed screw 130.

For high cutting performance of the cutting-separating device 100, the coil 132 of the screw has a width b _S in the region of the section 134 that is aligned with the cutting holes 120, which at least corresponds to the diameter ∅ _O of the cutting holes 120 on the inner wall 117 of the section 116 of the discharge casing. This width b _S forms a perpendicular distance between the front side surface 140 and the rear side surface 141 of the coil 132 of the screw.

In the transition area between the cylindrical section 143 of the flight 132 of the screw and the corresponding rear side surface 141, a chamfer 147 is provided, which also helps to reduce the heating of the processed food product. Instead of a chamfer, a radius or other geometric shape can also be provided in the transition region of the cylindrical section 143 and the rear side surface 141; always significant is the presence of material removal coil 132 of the screw in this area. The chamfer 147 passes, respectively, the groove 145 exclusively in the section 134 of the feed screw 130 that is aligned with the cutting holes 120.

Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutting-separating device 100 having a chopping drum 110 according to the second embodiment in the area of the section 116 of the discharge body. The cutting holes 120 provided therein have hole axes 121 which, in addition to the first angle α _O1 , are also inclined at a second angle α _O2 .

This angle α_O2 applied to the side of the radius R of section 116 and thus defined in the circumferential direction of section 116 of the pressure vessel. Additionally inclined at a second angle α_O2 the hole axis 121 of the second embodiment extends in the direction of the inner wall 117 against the rotational direction M of the feed screw 130, so that the cutting holes 120 on their side facing away from the front side surface 140 of the screw flight 132 have a hole cutting edge 122a. From the inclination of the axis 121 of the hole at the second angle α_O2 also a sharp cutting edge 122a of the opening is obtained between the inner wall 117 of the section of the pressure housing 116 and the cutting opening 120 at the same acute angle α_O2.

LIST OF REFERENCES

100 Cutting and separating device

110 Chopping drum

111 Pressure vessel

112 First end section of the pressure vessel

113 Inlet

114 Second end section of the pressure body

115 Outlet

116 Section of pressure vessel

117 Inner wall of pressure vessel section

118 Outer wall of pressure vessel section

119a Upstream connection means

119b Downstream connecting means

120 cutting holes

121 Hole axis of cutting holes

122 Hole edge

122a Hole cutting edge

122b Retracting edge of hole

130 Feed auger

131 Auger shaft

132 Screw flight

133 Sharpened cutting edge

134 Area aligned with cutting holes

135 Supply section

140 Front side surface of the flight of the auger

141 Rear side surface of the flight of the auger

142 Distal end of flight of auger

143 Cylindrical section of the screw flight

144 Machining plane

145 Groove

146 Groove outer contour

147 Chamfer

148 Inner groove contour

b _S Flight width

M Direction of rotation of the feed auger

R _N Groove width

R _S Flight radius

R Radius of pressure vessel section

X Longitudinal axis of the body

α _O1 First angle of hole axis of cutting holes

α _O2 Second angle of hole axis of cutting holes

β _O Shear angle of cutting holes

∅ _O Diameter of cutting holes

γ Rake angle of cutting edge

δ Angle of sharpening of the cutting edge.

Claims (18)

1. Feeding auger (130) for the cutting-separating device (100), including a screw shaft (131), having at least one screw coil (132) spirally formed on it, which in the mounted position has a front side surface (140 ) for transporting a food product by shear, located on the opposite side of the rear side surface (141), as well as at its distal end (142) between the front side surface (140) and the rear side surface (141), a cylindrical section (143), which is formed in transition area to the front side surface (140) of the coil (132) of the screw with a pointed cutting edge (133), and this pointed cutting edge (133) has located between the front side surface (140) and oriented at right angles to the shaft (131) of the screw plane (144) processing positive rake angle (γ) cutting, different in that that the sharpened cutting edge (133) is formed by a groove (145) made at the distal end (142) of the front side surface (140), the outer contour (146) of which crosses the cylindrical section (143). 2. Feed screw (130) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting angle (γ) is from 10° to 50°, particularly preferably 20° to 40°, most preferably 25° to 35°. 3. Feed screw (130) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the front side surface (140) and the cylindrical section (143) there is an angle (δ) of sharpening from 40° to 80°, particularly preferably 50°-70 °, highly preferably 55°-65°. 4. Feed screw (130) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the cylindrical section (143) and the rear side surface (141) there is a radius or chamfer (147). 5. Cutting-separating device (100), having a feed screw (130) according to one of claims 1 to 4, and this feed screw (130) is installed for rotation in the pressure housing (111) of the grinding drum (110), on the first the end section (112) of which has an inlet (113), and the second end section (114) of which has an outlet (115), different in that that on the section (116) of the pressure housing (111) there are many cutting holes (120) that penetrate through this section (116) of the pressure housing from the inner wall (117) to the outer wall (118). 6. The cutting-separating device (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the pointed cutting edge (133) is made on the section (134) of the feed screw (130) that is aligned with the cutting holes (120). 7. Cutting-separating device (100) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the cylindrical section (143) of the coil (132) of the screw has a width (b _S ) that corresponds at least to the diameter (∅ _O ) of the cutting holes ( 120) on the inner wall (117). 8. Cutting-separating device (100) according to one of claims 5-7, characterized in that the cutting holes (120) are oriented with the axes (121) of the holes inclined relative to the inner wall (117) at an angle (α _O1 , α _O2 ). 9. The cutting-separating device (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the corner (α _O1 , α _O2 ) includes the first corner (α _O1 ), which is located on the pressure housing (111) facing away from the inlet (113). ) side of the cutting hole (120) between its hole axis (121) and the inner wall (117). 10. The cutting-separating device (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that the first angle (α _O1 ) is from 60° to 88°, particularly preferably 65°-85°, highly preferably 70°-80°. 11. Cutting-separating device (100) according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that each cutting hole (120) has on the inner wall (117) facing the outlet (115) the cutting edge (122a) of the hole and facing to the inlet (113) the retracting edge (122b) of the hole. 12. Cutting-separating device (100) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the angle (α _O1 , α _O2 ) includes a second angle (α _O2 ), which is located in the circumferential direction of the section (116) pressure body between the axis (121) of the hole and the radius (R) of this section (116) of the pressure body. 13. The cutting-separating device (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that the second angle (α _O2 ) is between 2° and 30°, particularly preferably between 5° and 25°, most preferably between 10° and 20°. 14. Cutting-separating device (100) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the second angle (α _O2 ) is oriented against the direction (M) of rotation of the feed screw (130).

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