RU2792314C1 - Airmobile system with helicopter type unmanned aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: airmobile system with a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a manned carrier helicopter, a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, a ground control station, a multifunctional airborne radar station with additional modes of secondary radar and radio communication. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a radar beacon and a high-speed radio terminal.

EFFECT: increased stability of control of a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aviation technology, namely to aircraft systems with unmanned aerial vehicles of the helicopter type.

There are a lot of mobile complexes with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), containing means of delivering them to the place of application and control during operation.

The overwhelming majority of complexes with UAVs are based on ground vehicles that deliver them to the place of application and control the operation of the UAV complex from them.

Known mobile aerial reconnaissance complex "TIPCAK" with UAV aircraft type, based on four vehicles of the type "KAMAZ" (News of the Aerospace Salon MAKS 2005, No. 2 of 17.08.2005, p. 20).

Known unmanned aircraft complex vertical takeoff (RF patent No. 2403182, IPC V64S 27/00, priority 06/18/2009), based on a ground vehicle type platform towed by a tractor.

In the above analogues, the main disadvantages are low mobility and short range when using UAVs at low altitudes, which significantly impairs the capabilities of the complex. Low mobility arises due to the fact that the delivery to the place of application of the complex with the UAV is carried out by a ground vehicle, and the short range is due to the operation of the UAV via a radio channel from the ground control point.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is a technical solution describing the airmobile complex of an unmanned helicopter (UV), contained in the patent of the Russian Federation No.

The specified technical result described in this invention is achieved due to the fact that a technical solution is proposed containing an unmanned helicopter with a trajectory control unit, a manned helicopter with a cockpit equipped with a pilot's workplace with a helicopter flight control panel, an automated operator's workplace with a control panel BV and a BV tracking indicator, a block for receiving / transmitting data from a manned helicopter, coupled by a radio channel with a block for transmitting / receiving data BV and a block for receiving / transmitting data from a ground command post, and a manned helicopter is equipped with a second automated operator’s workstation with a control panel for an optical- an electronic system or a radar station installed on the BV, and an information data display unit from the aforementioned BV equipment, while both automated workplaces of operators are informationally interconnected by means of hardware and software with an onboard pilot important navigational and radio-electronic equipment of a manned helicopter and with a BV interface, as well as a ground command post for controlling the BV airmobile complex.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of control stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle. This drawback is due to the fact that in the technical solution described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2403181, the control of the spatial position of an unmanned helicopter (UU) is carried out by the operator of a manned helicopter using the UU tracking indicator of an automated workplace, to which the data from the onboard navigation system. The obtained data on the spatial position of BV cannot be objective and independent, since in this case, the only source of information is the BV navigation system, which may have failures, errors in determining the spatial position, including as a result of the active influence of interference or false signals of the satellite navigation system. In addition, the control of the BV can be completely intercepted.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the stability of control of an unmanned aerial vehicle of a helicopter type of an airborne aviation complex.

Control stability is understood as the ability of the control loop of an unmanned aerial vehicle, formed by navigation, radar, radio communication, computing and executive equipment of the complex, to maintain the flight path set or corrected by the operator with the necessary accuracy in the event of partial equipment failures or interference, including intentional ones.

The required technical result is achieved due to the inclusion of a multifunctional airborne radar station (BRLS) with additional modes of secondary radar (radar operation with objects emitting a response signal to the request of the radar) and radio communications, and also by equipping the UAV VT with a radar beacon and a high-speed radio terminal. The multifunctional radar installed on board a manned helicopter provides automatic radar tracking of the flight path of the UAV VT, independent of the parameters of the navigation system of the UAV VT, using the coded radar transponder from the UAV VT, in addition to the parameters of the onboard navigation system transmitted to the automated workplace of the operator of the UAV VT flight, radar monitoring of the air and ground situation in order to ensure the flight safety of the VT UAV and prevent collisions with ground objects and other aircraft. The radar also provides general radar monitoring of the situational situation in the work area for subsequent detailed examination using optoelectronic and radar tools from the UAV VT, high-precision determination of the coordinates of the UAV VT, as well as air and ground objects in the interests of monitoring the situational situation. In addition, the radar provides a radio communication mode for a manned helicopter with a UAV VT using narrow radiation patterns of the radar antenna system of a manned helicopter and the antenna system of the communication terminal of the UAV VT, which prevent the interception of transmitted information due to spatial closure. Thereby increasing the stability of control of a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle.

The multifunctional radar of a manned helicopter is implemented using the technology of active phased antenna arrays and allows you to combine operation in different modes due to fast alternate switching of modes and changes in the angles of deflection of the antenna system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an airmobile complex with helicopter-type unmanned vehicles. The block diagram consists of a manned carrier helicopter (PVN) 1, a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV VT) 2 and a ground control station (GCC) 3, which include multifunctional indicators of the workplace of the pilot-operator of a manned carrier helicopter 4, organs pilot-operator workstation controls PVN 5, multifunctional indicators of the automated workplace of the UAV VT 6 flight operator, controls of the automated workplace of the UAV VT 7 flight operator, computing means of the automated workplace of the UAV VT 8 flight operator, multifunctional indicators of the automated workplace of the target load operator UAV VT 9, controls of the automated workplace of the target load operator UAV VT 10, computing means of the automated workplace of the operator of the target loads UAV VT 11, computer system of the manned avionics complex carrier helicopter 12, the flight and navigation system of a manned carrier helicopter 13, a complex of communication facilities for a manned carrier helicopter 14, a command and information radio link for communication between a military personnel and a UAV VT 15, a multifunctional airborne radar system PVN 16, a command and information radio link for a UAV-VT with PVN 17, a radar beacon transponder with a communication terminal UAV VT 18, a computer system for the onboard radio-electronic equipment complex UAV VT 19, a flight and navigation system UAV VT 20, a target load control unit (electronic-optical and radar systems and other systems) 21, block VT 22 UAV trajectory flight control system, VT 23 UAV electronic-optical system, VT 24 UAV radar system, radio communication system of an interacting ground station with a complex of communication facilities of a manned carrier helicopter 25, electronic equipment of an interacting ground control station of a manned carrier helicopter 26.

In FIG. 2 shows the technical solution of the manned carrier helicopter PVN 1 in the option of transporting two UAVs VT 2.

In FIG. 3 shows the location of radar 16, UAV VT 2, crew jobs and equipment in the fuselage of a manned helicopter carrier PVN 1.

In FIG. 4 shows an example of the operation of a manned carrier helicopter PVN 1 with an unmanned aerial vehicle of the helicopter type UAV VT 2.

The airmobile complex with UAV VT contains a manned carrier helicopter 1 (hereinafter referred to as PVN), one or two unmanned aerial vehicles of helicopter type 2 (UAV VT). The NVG cockpit is equipped with a pilot's workplace, a pilot-operator's workplace with 4 multifunctional indicators and 5 multifunctional controls from the complex of airborne radio-electronic equipment of the PVN, an automated workplace for the UAV VT flight operator with 6 multifunctional indicators, 7 controls and 8 computing facilities, an automated workplace for the operator of target loads (for example, electro-optical and radar systems of UAV VT) with multifunctional indicators 9, controls 10 and computing tools 11.

The complex of airborne radio-electronic equipment MPN 1 is built around a computer system 12, which combines, through interfaces of information interaction (for example, Gigabit Ethernet, MKIO, ARINC-825), the functioning of the systems and devices of the complex, including multifunctional indicators 4 and controls 5 of the pilot-operator of MPN, automated workplaces for the flight operator of the UAV VT and the operator of the target loads, the complex of flight and navigation equipment 13, the complex of communications 14, the command and information radio link of the PVN 1 with the UAV VT 2, the multifunctional radar system 16.

The complex of onboard radio-electronic equipment of UAV VT 2 is built around a computer system 19, which combines, through the interfaces of information interaction (for example, Gigabit Ethernet, MKIO, ARINC-825), the functioning of the systems and devices of the complex, including the equipment of the command and information radio link 17, the transponder radar beacon with a high-speed communication terminal 18, a flight and navigation system 20, a control unit 21 for target loads (electronic-optical system 23 and a radar system 24), a trajectory control unit 22.

Pilot-navigation complex 13 PVN includes an inertial system, a signal receiver of the global navigation satellite system, a Doppler speed component meter, a radio altimeter, an automatic radio compass, a magnetometer, an air signal system.

The complex of communication facilities 14 MP includes means of telephone and telecode radio communications for aircraft in the meter, decimeter and decameter radio wave bands and serves to provide radio communication between interacting aircraft and radio communication equipment 25 of an interacting ground control station.

The equipment of the command information radio link 15 NVG, consisting of radio channels, interacts with the equipment of the command information radio link 17 UAV BT.

Multifunctional airborne radar system (hereinafter referred to as radar) 16 PVN has airspace survey modes for detecting aircraft in the control zone, ground surface survey modes with low and high resolution (anterolateral survey with antenna aperture synthesis) to provide situational awareness in the control zone and search for objects , the mode of detection of the radar beacon of the transponder 18 UAV VT by the code signal of the request for discrete tracking of the flight path of the UAV VT, the mode of high-speed packet radio communication with the UAV VT 2.

During the operation of the airmobile complex with UAV VT, radar information about the air and ground situation in the control zone along the flight route of the airmobile complex is displayed on one of the multifunctional indicators 4 of the workplace of the air defense pilot-operator. Based on this information, the pilot-operator searches for objects of interest in accordance with the flight mission. When deciding to inspect a detected object, the VT UAV flight operator changes the VT UAV flight route and directs the VT UAV to this object for a detailed survey using the VT UAV target loads.

Radar beacon transponder 18 UAV VT is by default in the mode of receiving a request signal from the radar 16. To detect the radar beacon transponder 18 UAV VT BRLS 16 performs electronic scanning of space, giving code interrogation signals. The radar, having received a code response signal from the radar beacon of the defendant 18, measures the relative spatial position of the beacon of the defendant (range, azimuth angle and elevation angle) and discrete tracking of the UAV VT.

The obtained coordinates of the transponder beacon are recalculated into geographic coordinates according to the parameters of the flight and navigation complex 13 PVN by the computer system of the onboard radio-electronic equipment 12 PVN and are fed to multifunctional indicators 6 of the automated workplace of the operator of the VT UAV flight for objective control of the flight trajectory and assessment of deviations from the given trajectory.

In addition, on one of the multifunctional indicators 6 of the automated workplace of the UAV VT flight operator, radar information about the air and ground situation is displayed to prevent possible collisions of the UAV VT with other aircraft or ground obstacles along the flight route of the UAV VT. In the event of a threat of collision, the UAV VT flight operator, using the controls 7 of the workstation, takes actions to change the flight path of the UAV VT to avoid a collision.

The equipment of the command and information radio link 15 PVN ensures the transmission of trajectory control commands from the automated workplace (6, 7, 8) of the operator of the flight path of the UAV VT to the equipment of the command and information radio link 17 UAV VT, the computer system of the onboard radio electronic equipment complex 19 UAV VT and the trajectory block control 22 UAVs VT. The equipment of the command and information radio link 15 PNV ensures the reception of information coming through the equipment of the command and information radio line 17 of the UAV VT from the flight and navigation system 20 of the UAV VT about the spatial position of the UAV VT, service information about the state and functioning of the onboard equipment, as well as information from target systems load UAV VT - electron-optical system 23 and radar system 24.

The radar beacon transponder with the high-speed communication terminal 18 together with the radar 16 in the packet radio mode form an additional high-speed radio channel of the MP and UAV VT. Relatively high energy parameters and narrow radiation patterns radar 16 compared with the parameters of the command-information radio link 14 provide high noise immunity and spatial closure of the transmitted information.

The organization of information interaction between the hardware and software of the on-board radio-electronic equipment complexes PVN 1 and UAV VT 2 using high-speed radio communication channels combines them into a single computing system, ensures the correlation of the parameters of the flight and navigation system 20 of the UAV VT with the parameters of a more equipped and high-precision flight and navigation system 13 PVN.

Supplementing the information interaction of the complexes of radio-electronic equipment PVN 1 and UAV VT 2 with high-precision objective radar measurement of the flight trajectory parameters provides independent feedback in the flight control loop of the UAV VT 2, thereby increasing the stability of control and the accuracy of the specified flight path of the UAV VT 2.

The combination of the above information links, together with objective radar monitoring of the situational situation in the control zone, as well as the detection of a dangerous approach of UAV VT with other aircraft and ground obstacles, makes it possible to ensure the use of UAV VT in unified procedures with manned helicopter-type aircraft in solving search tasks.

In accordance with the functional tasks of the airmobile complex with VT UAVs, the technical solution of the PVN 1 cargo compartment can be solved for the transportation and use of one or two VT UAVs. The solution of PVN 1 in the version for transporting two UAVs VT 2 is shown in Fig. 2.

The manned carrier helicopter is made with a transport cabin sufficient to accommodate two UAV-VT 2 with dismantled rotor blades placed on special mounting devices along the side, two additional jobs for the UAV VT 2 flight operator and target load operator, as well as racks with equipment workstations and other necessary equipment from the complex (Fig. 3).

The functioning of the airmobile complex with UAV VT is carried out as follows.

In accordance with the flight task received at the home heliport or by command received from the interacting ground control station 3 PVN 1 with one or two UAVs VT 2 on board, performs a flight, including as part of a helicopter group, to the area of application of the airmobile complex. In the area of application, the crew of the PVN 1 selects a site suitable for landing, performs landing and unloading by the crew of one or two UAVs VT 2. The blades of the helicopter carrier system and other work to prepare the UAV VT for flight are installed on the UAV VT. The flight task parameters are loaded into the computer system of the UAV VT 19. Next, the engine of UAV VT 2 is started, takeoff, fly for a short distance and hover with stabilization in hover at a height of about 50 m. PVN also carries out a flight to the work area at a distance of 20 - 30 km behind the BT UAV. The pilot-operator, according to information from the radar 16, monitors the situational situation by observing the radar information on the multifunctional indicators 4 and controlling its modes of operation using the controls 5 of his workplace. According to the radar information observed on the multifunctional indicators 6 of the workstation, the UAV VT flight operator controls the flight path of the VT UAV according to signals from the defendant's radar beacon, as well as the dangerous approach to other aircraft and ground obstacles.

In the event of a threat of collision UAV VT flight operator UAV VT using the controls 7 of the workstation produces collision avoidance commands, which through the command-information line 15, 17 acts on the trajectory control unit 22 UAV VT. In case of failures in the operation of the command and information radio link 15, 17, the radio communication channel formed by the radar 16 and the transponder radar beacon with the communication terminal 18 is used.

When the pilot-operator detects signs of the object being searched for by radar information observed on the indicator 4, the flight operator of the UAV VT directs the UAV VT 2 to this object. When approaching the object under study, the operator of the payloads, controlling the operating modes of the electro-optical system 23 and the radar system 24 with the help of the controls 10 of the workstation, performs a detailed study of the object, observing the results of the study on the indicators 9 of the workstation. The results of the study of the object can be delivered to the interacting ground control station 3 using a set of communications 14 PVN.

After completing the task, the manned carrier helicopter 1 and the UAV VT 2 return to the selected landing site 1 and land. By the forces of the crew of the PVN 1, the UAV VT 2 is preparing for a re-flight, or loaded into the transport cabin of the PVN 1 and the airmobile complex returns to the base of deployment.

An example of the operation of an airmobile complex with a UAV to search for objects is shown in Fig. 4.

Thus, the operation of a multifunctional radar installed on board a manned helicopter provides automatic radar tracking of the flight path of the UAV VT independent of the parameters of the navigation system of the UAV VT using a coded radar transponder from the composition of the UAV VT, radar control of the air and ground situation in order to ensure flight safety UAV VT and collision avoidance with ground objects and other aircraft. The radar also provides general radar monitoring of the situational situation in the work area for subsequent detailed examination using optoelectronic and radar tools from the UAV VT, high-precision determination of the coordinates of the UAV VT, as well as air and ground objects in the interests of monitoring the situational situation, radio communication of a manned helicopter with UAV VT with narrow radiation patterns of the radar antenna system of a manned helicopter and the antenna system of the communication terminal of UAV VT, which prevent the interception of transmitted information due to spatial closure. Thereby increasing the stability of control of a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle.

Claims (1)

An airmobile complex with a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, consisting of a manned carrier helicopter, a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground control station, characterized in that the airmobile complex with a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle includes a multifunctional airborne radar station with additional modes of secondary radar and radio communications that ensure the interaction of the onboard radar station with objects emitting a response signal to the request of the onboard radar station, while the unmanned aerial vehicle of the helicopter type is equipped with a radar beacon-responder and a high-speed radio communication terminal, which make it possible to provide automatic radar tracking of the flight path of an unmanned aerial vehicle of a helicopter type by code radar radar transponder from a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, radar control of the air and ground situation in order to ensure the flight safety of a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle and prevent collisions with ground objects and other aircraft, while the airborne radar station with additional modes of secondary radar and radio communication provides general radar monitoring of the situational situation in the work area for subsequent detailed examination using optoelectronic and radar tools from the helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, high-precision determination of the coordinates of the helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, as well as air and ground objects in the interests of monitoring the situational situation, with In this case, the airborne radar station with additional modes of secondary radar and radio communication provides radio communication for the manned version. an aircraft with a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle with a narrow radiation pattern of the antenna system of the onboard radar station of a manned helicopter and an antenna system of a communication terminal of a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, preventing the interception of transmitted information due to spatial closure.

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