RU2790890C1 - System for automatic lowering of the hydraulic lifting mechanism of the vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vehicle lifting mechanisms.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a system for automatically lowering a vehicle lifting mechanism. The system includes a pressure sensor for the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism; vehicle speed sensor; an actuator installed with the possibility of pressure relief in the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism, and the controller. The controller is connected to a pressure sensor, a speed sensor and an actuator with the possibility of supplying a control signal to the actuator to relieve pressure in the hydraulic system while simultaneously exceeding the pressure and speed parameters of the specified threshold values.

EFFECT: increased reliability of system operation.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

[01] Field of technology

[02] The invention relates to the field of transport, namely, a system for automatically reducing the upper dimensions of the vehicle (V) while it is moving and can be used in the construction of dump trucks and other equipment with hydraulic lifting mechanisms, in particular truck cranes, mobile lifts, aerial platforms and bunker vehicles .

[03] State of the art

[04] A recurring problem in dump trucks and other vehicles that increase headroom with additional hydraulic systems is driver error and system failure. Often, when driving with a raised body, the driver’s inattention or technical problems lead to serious consequences: breaks in power lines, communication lines, collapses (damages) of transport infrastructure facilities, including pedestrian crossings, and even death of people. In order to prevent accidents and damage associated with the peculiarities of the operation of such vehicles, it is advisable to introduce systems that prevent uncontrolled increase in the upper dimension during the movement of vehicles by automatically unloading the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism.

[05] In the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model RU 161071, 04/10/2016, a system for automatically lowering the body of a dump truck with an unacceptable roll angle of the vehicle is disclosed. This system prevents the vehicle from tipping over, but does not ensure its safe movement with the body raised.

[06] In the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention RU 2049690, 07/18/1990 (the closest analogue), a dump truck hydraulic drive control system is proposed. The system includes a platform position sensor with a controlled key that connects the platform lowering electromagnet with the vehicle electric drive control switch via diodes. The hydraulic actuator is equipped with a relay, through normally closed contacts of which the platform lifting electromagnet is switched on, and the relay coil is connected to the platform lowering electromagnet.

[07] This solution ensures that the platform is lowered while the truck is moving in the event of a malfunction of the combined hydraulic drive that caused the platform to spontaneously rise. However, the system does not exclude the influence of the human factor on the operation of the dump truck. In some cases, the vehicle needs to move with the body raised, for example, when feeding asphalt into the paver and spreading loose soil over the surface. At the same time, the proposed design cannot protect the vehicle from driving with a raised body at excessive speed.

[08] Thus, the technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to ensure the safety of operation of vehicles with lifting elements during their movement.

[09] Disclosure of the Invention

[010] The technical result of the claimed invention is the ability to control the traffic safety of a vehicle with a raised mechanism that increases the upper clearance, increase the reliability of the system, and also eliminate the influence of the human factor and mechanism malfunctions on the operation of the system. An additional technical result is the simplification of the installation of the system in an existing vehicle.

[011] The above technical problem is solved, and the technical results are achieved due to the fact that the system for automatically lowering the lifting mechanism of the vehicle includes a pressure sensor of the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism of the vehicle, a vehicle speed sensor, an actuator installed with the possibility of relieving pressure in the hydraulic lifting mechanism system, and a controller connected to a pressure sensor, a speed sensor and an actuator with the possibility of supplying a control signal to the actuator to relieve pressure in the hydraulic system while simultaneously exceeding both pressure and speed controlled parameters of specified threshold values.

[012] According to particular embodiments of the invention:

[013] - the actuator is configured to relieve pressure in the hydraulic system by opening the valve of the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder or flushing the hydraulic lock of the hydraulic cylinder;

[014] - the actuator is equipped with an adjustable throttle with the possibility of controlled pressure relief in the hydraulic system;

[015] - the pressure sensor is connected to the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system;

[016] - the system additionally contains an indicator signaling that the pressure in the hydraulic system exceeds the threshold value,

[017] - the vehicle is selected from the group including a dump truck, a truck crane, a mobile lift, an aerial platform, a bunker vehicle.

[018] The claimed system provides forced lowering of the lifting mechanism of the vehicle when it is moving at an excessively high speed through the joint use of a vehicle speed sensor and a pressure sensor in the hydraulic system. The system is triggered by depressurizing the hydraulic system while simultaneously meeting two conditions - speeding and increasing pressure above threshold values. This, on the one hand, allows the vehicle to move with the mechanism raised, and on the other hand, it increases the safety of such movement, since the speed of the vehicle is controlled. This eliminates the influence of the human factor, since the lowering of the mechanism is realized automatically, as well as the influence of technical problems, since pressure relief can be carried out even if the hydraulic system malfunctions.

[019] Compared with systems that use electrical means to forcefully limit the lifting of a mechanism or the speed of a vehicle, the claimed system is more reliable, simple to design and install, does not require large investments, and does not introduce significant changes in the design of vehicles. Thus, a speed control device (speedometer, tachograph) is already provided on any vehicle, and additional installation of a pressure sensor, controller and actuator does not require complex work.

[020] Brief Description of the Drawings

[021] The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the claimed system, and figure 2 - a diagram of the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism of the vehicle.

[022] The structural elements are indicated in the figures by the following positions:

1 - pressure sensor,

2 - speed sensor,

3 - controller,

4 - actuator,

5 - hydraulic tank,

6 - hydraulic pump,

7 - control lever,

8 - regular distributor,

9 - hydraulic cylinder,

10 - pressure indicator,

11 - hydraulic filter.

[023] the Implementation of the invention

[024] The claimed system includes the following components: a pressure sensor (1) of the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism, a speed sensor (2) of the vehicle, a controller (3) connected to the sensors, and an actuator (4) associated with the controller (3). To prevent false alarms, the pressure sensor (1) and the actuator are connected, as a rule, to the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (9) of the hydraulic system. In this case, the controller (3) is connected to the existing regular electrical system of the vehicle.

[025] The system can also be provided with an indicator (10), which is connected to the controller (3) and, being in the operator's cab, signals an excess of pressure in the hydraulic system.

[026] The system operates as follows.

[027] In the hydraulic system of the vehicle (see Fig. 2), the working fluid from the hydraulic tank (5), pumped by the hydraulic pump (6), enters the regular distributor (8). The control lever (7) regulates the flow of working fluid into the hydraulic cylinder (9) for raising and lowering the body or other element of the mechanism.

[028] The pressure sensor (1) transmits real-time data to the controller (3) about the pressure in the hydraulic system. At the same time, the speed sensor (2) continuously transmits information about the speed of the vehicle to the controller (3).

[029] When both parameters of pressure and speed are simultaneously reached above the threshold values, the controller (3) is triggered, which sends a control signal (command) to the actuator (4) to relieve pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (9) through the hydraulic filter (11) in hydraulic tank (5). This leads to a decrease in the upper dimension of the lifting mechanism. The pressure relief in the hydraulic cylinder (9), depending on the design of the vehicle, is achieved by well-known methods, in particular, by directly opening the valve (pneumatic or electric) of the cylinder cavity or by flushing the hydraulic lock of the cylinder (if any). In this case, the lowering of the body or other lifting element is carried out automatically. If the actuating mechanism (4) contains an adjustable throttle (not shown in the figures), it is possible to control the body lowering speed in order to avoid hitting the hopper against the chassis.

[03 0] The value of the speed and pressure thresholds depends on the type of vehicle and on the conditions of its operation. These values can be easily determined by a person skilled in the art based on the condition of safe operation.

[031] In addition to the advantages described above, the introduction of this system will remove the effect of thermal expansion of the working fluid of the system on the frame and units of the vehicle at the attachment points, which will increase the resource of the vehicle as a whole and will bring the weight distribution along the axes of the vehicle in accordance with the declared by the vehicle manufacturer, according to the passport data to reduce damage to the roadway.

Claims (10)

1. System for automatic lowering of the lifting mechanism of the vehicle, including: - pressure sensor (1) of the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism of the vehicle, - vehicle speed sensor (2), - an actuator (4) installed with the possibility of relieving pressure in the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism, and - a controller (3) connected to a pressure sensor (1), a speed sensor (2) and an actuator (4) with the possibility of supplying a control signal to the actuator (4) to relieve pressure in the hydraulic system while simultaneously exceeding both controlled parameters: pressure and speed, given threshold values. 2. The system according to claim 1, in which the actuator (4) is configured to relieve pressure in the hydraulic system by opening the valve of the cylinder chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (9) or flushing the hydraulic lock of the hydraulic cylinder. 3. The system according to claim. 1, in which the actuator (4) is equipped with an adjustable throttle with the possibility of controlled pressure relief in the hydraulic system. 4. The system according to claim 1, in which the pressure sensor (1) is connected to the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (9) of the hydraulic system. 5. The system according to claim 1, which additionally contains an indicator (10) signaling that the pressure in the hydraulic system exceeds the threshold value. 6. The system according to claim. 1, in which the vehicle is selected from the group including a dump truck, a truck crane, a mobile lift, an aerial platform, a bunker vehicle.

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