RU2787606C1 - Flexible container for transportation and storage of bulk cargo - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation and storage of bulk cargoes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of transportation and storage of bulk cargoes in soft containers, namely, soft containers with disposable liners. The soft container for transportation and storage of bulk cargo contains a load-bearing mesh with lifting loops and an insert made of film material located in the mesh. The liner has a blank bottom, the bottom part of the power grid contains an unloading hole to which the unloading sleeve is attached, the container additionally contains a protective casing, which is located between the power grid and the liner, while the protective casing is made of a material stronger than the film material of the liner. The insert, the protective casing and the power grid are interconnected by detachable connections. The invention also relates to a disposable liner for installation in the specified container and a reinforcing element necessary for attaching the specified liner to the power grid or the protective casing of the soft container. A new purpose of the polyethylene film is also announced - for the manufacture of disposable liners for these soft containers.

EFFECT: reducing the number of repair operations throughout the entire period of operation of the container, reducing the time for loading and unloading, the possibility of using less durable and more affordable materials for the manufacture of the container, reducing the complexity of manufacturing the container, ensuring maximum tightness of the container liner, preventing spontaneous unwinding of the unloading sleeve and opening the container in the lower part, preventing spillage of the loaded material, increasing the strength of the entire structure of the flexible container.

19 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of transportation and storage of bulk cargo in soft containers, namely, soft containers with disposable liners with a carrying capacity of up to 15 tons, for transporting such goods as bulk building materials, raw materials for the metallurgical industry, chemical industry products, food and other goods.

State of the art

In the prior art, various designs of soft liners for transporting bulk cargo are known, for example, those described in patents RU2425789 (application 2010133244 dated 08/09/2010) and RU2188785 (application 2001124579 dated 09/05/2001). As a rule, soft containers consist of a power frame mesh in which an insert is placed - a container into which the transported cargo is directly loaded. The liners are usually equipped with loading and unloading arms to ensure the tight loading and unloading of the container and to comply with the required working conditions and protect the environment from pollution. The key point in the known designs of soft containers is the choice of material from which the liner is made. The material of the liner must be strong enough to withstand the impact of various loads on it in different places of the liner: breaking forces when the transported material is loaded into it, the gravity of the load itself on the walls of the liner when the container is moved and loaded into a vehicle. Also, the material of the liner must be sufficiently resistant to various environmental influences during the transportation of cargo in a container to its destination and have characteristics that allow you to reliably connect the parts of the liner to each other using known methods and methods, without additional effort to tighten and fold the sleeves of the liner at different ambient temperatures . Such a large list of criteria for the insert material significantly limits the manufacturer's choice. To date, only expensive rubberized fabrics are a suitable option for such a material. The high cost of container liners leads to the need for their repeated use, which in turn requires their repair during operation. Repair operations of reusable liners require additional operations, time and costs. Thus, in the prior art there is a need for soft containers, the operation of which allows to reduce the number of repair operations or their complete elimination through the use of disposable liners.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a reusable soft container described in patent RU 39579 (application 2004110834 dated 12.04.2004). According to the solution described in this document, the container consists of a load-bearing mesh with a bottom covered with a solid lining and a discharge sleeve fixed in the opening of the lining. The mesh contains an insert, which can be made of any synthetic material or film. The ability to use any less durable than, for example, expensive rubberized material allows the fact that the liner does not have a bottom and the initial loads of bulk cargo are assumed by the bottom of the power grid, equipped on the inside with a continuous lining made of synthetic fabric or film. The tightness of the liner is ensured due to the fact that the height of the side wall of the liner is greater than the height of the frame wall and the weight of the load presses the overlap of the side wall of the liner onto a continuous lining at the bottom of the load-bearing mesh. The proposed design, although it allows the use of less durable materials for the manufacture of the liner, however, has a number of disadvantages. The connection of the liner walls with the lining at the bottom of the frame wall due to their imposition and pressing with a load does not provide complete sealing, and when transporting over long distances at high humidity, part of the material in the lower part of the container will become damp, which can be critical for hygroscopic materials. In addition, during loading, due to the high windage of the film materials, displacement and/or crumpling of the lower edge of the liner may occur, which prevents a reliable continuous connection of the lower edge of the liner with the bottom lining. If, for example, polyethylene is used as the film material of the liner and bottom lining, when transporting a loaded container in the area of the grid cells, under the force of gravity of the load, polyethylene will stretch, squeeze out of the grid and break through during transportation of the container itself or at the slightest external impact, for example, upon contact with some relatively sharp object in the car. Also, the proposed design complicates the manufacturing process of the liner, since it requires the use of non-standard container sewing methods. The connection of the liner with the power grid in this container is made in the form of rubber lugs glued to the outer surface of the liner in its upper part. Ensuring such a connection and its strength poses a number of tasks for the manufacturer: how and with what to reliably glue rubber elements with the film materials of the liner, how to ensure strength and avoid tearing the fragile film material of the liner at the place where the lugs are attached to it. In addition, such fastening of the liner to the power grid is possible only with the help of elastic cords in order to ensure redistribution of the film material of the liner along the height in case of its uneven placement at the bottom of the power grid. Thus, for containers with film material liners that are an order of magnitude weaker than commonly used rubberized fabrics, there is a need to develop a connection between the film material liner and the force mesh, which would have the necessary strength and at the same time be easy to manufacture using standard ways of sewing soft containers.

Based on the prior art, the authors were faced with the task of developing a design of a soft liner for transporting bulk cargo, which would reduce the number of repair operations throughout the entire life of the container, use less durable and more affordable materials for its manufacture, and reduce the time for loading and unloading operations. , reduce the complexity of manufacturing the container, ensure maximum tightness of the container liner, prevent spontaneous unwinding of the discharge sleeve and opening the container in the lower part, prevent spillage of the loaded material, increase the strength of the entire container structure.

The essence of the invention

The tasks are solved due to the fact that the proposed soft container consists of the following detachable elements: a power grid of vertical and horizontal tapes with a bottom formed by annular bottom tapes, a disposable liner made of a film material with a thickness of 110 microns and made with a blank bottom, a protective casing, unloading sleeve attached to the bottom of the frame mesh. The liner made of film material is located inside the frame mesh and can be equipped with a loading sleeve in the upper part, while a protective casing is installed between the liner and the mesh. The material from which the protective casing is made is stronger than the film material of the liner. All of the listed elements are interconnected by detachable connections.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the releasable connection of the liner to the casing may or may not be discontinuous.

According to another variant of the invention, a reinforcing collar is installed in the upper part of the disposable liner, which is a reinforcing tape made of the film material of the disposable liner, one edge of which is attached to the surface of the liner by welding. Elements of a more durable material are sewn to the upper and lower surfaces of the tape, forming a multilayer section of the collar, where the tape of the film material of the liner is located between two layers of a more durable and capable of stitching material, such as polypropylene fabric. Elements of detachable attachment to the protective casing or power grid are attached to the multilayer section of the collar, for example, loops or ties are sewn on, or eyelets are installed.

In one of the preferred embodiments of the invention, the liner is made of polyethylene.

In another preferred embodiment, the protective casing at the bottom has an overlap and the height of the cover, in this case, is longer than the height of the grid by 6% - 9%. The protective cover has no bottom and can be made of polymer-coated materials, such as PVC, rubberized fabric, polypropylene.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the disposable liner in the lower part contains an additional structural element - a skirt for attaching the liner to the protective casing. The skirt is a tunnel formed by soldering two adjacent surfaces of the side wall of the liner along its diameter. Along the entire length, the skirt has transverse cuts, forming loops for a detachable connection of the liner with a frame mesh or a protective cover.

In one of the preferred embodiments of the invention, a protective valve in the form of a triangle is attached to the bottom of the frame mesh.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the power net has an unloading opening, to which, for example, an unloading sleeve made of rubberized material or PVC is attached, for example. The unloading sleeve of the power grid contains a system of loops with rings to close it. The link for locking the sleeve has 3 studs, 2 of which are made for locking the sleeve itself, and the 3rd for the triangular valve. The link is a ribbon with 3 pins sewn on.

In one embodiment of the invention, the container further comprises a protective cover. The lid can be attached to the power grid by means of one-piece ties on top of the liner loaded with material and is made of a material stronger than the liner material, for example, rubberized fabric, PVC fabric or polypropylene.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, a protective pad is attached to the outer side of the bottom of the container, which can be made of rubberized fabric or PVC. The protective pad can be attached to the bottom of the net by sewing it to the bottom-forming annular bands along the outer perimeter of the bottom and the perimeter of the discharge opening.

The proposed container has a carrying capacity of up to 15 tons.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a General view of the claimed soft container with a disposable liner;

Figure 2 shows the design of the bottom of the claimed soft container;

Figure 3 shows the connection of the protective casing with the power grid of the container;

Figure 4 shows the fastening of the container lid to the power grid of the container;

Figure 5 shows a disposable container;

Figure 6 shows the collar of a disposable container;

Figure 7 shows the construction of the skirt of a disposable container.

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to Figures 1-7, a particular example of the implementation of the claimed invention is considered below. However, a person skilled in the art should be clear that the invention is not limited to the illustrative embodiments described in this application.

On FIG. 1 shows a soft container with a disposable liner, consisting of a mesh (1) and a disposable liner (2). The container is designed for transportation of bulk cargo weighing no more than 15 tons by all means of transport, at an ambient temperature of minus 50°C to plus 60°C. The container consists of a bearing part - a shell (mesh) with lifting elements (3), for example, loops-slings, and a disposable insert (2) placed inside it - the cargo part of the container. The mesh (1) is made of polyester tapes, and the insert (2) is made of polyethylene film. A protective cover (4) is installed between the mesh and the disposable insert, which is a protective cover that does not have a bottom and a cover. The length of the protective cover (4) is 8% longer than the length of the mesh side wall. The protective cover (4) is made of polymer-coated fabric, which is stronger than the polyethylene film of the liner. The container in this example also contains an additional protective cover (5). The cover is attached to the power grid (1) using one-piece hinges (6) and is made of fabric with a polymer coating. An unloading sleeve (7) is attached to the bottom of the container with loops (8) located on it to close the unloading sleeve. The disposable liner is equipped with a loading sleeve, also made of polyethylene film.

4 protective mats (not shown in Figure 1) are attached to the side surface of the container by tying to the upper annular mesh tape, the lower part of the mat is tied to the mesh sling between the lower annular ribbons. Protective mats can be made from laminated polypropylene fabric or other fabrics having a smooth surface.

On FIG. 2 a) shows the bottom of the container, which is formed by annular bands (9) of a power grid with different diameters and vertical lines (10) of the grid. The bottom of the grid contains an unloading opening (11). On FIG. 2 b) shows the unloading sleeve (12), which is sewn to the bottom of the load net. The diameter of the sleeve can be equal to or greater than the diameter of the discharge opening (11), while the sleeve (12) is aligned with the discharge opening in such a way that when the bottom of the disposable liner breaks, the cargo can freely pour out of the container. The unloading sleeve (12) is made of rubberized material.

On FIG. 3 shows the scheme of fastening the protective casing (4) to the power grid (1) of the container with a detachable connection using a tape. Position A shows the beginning of the connection, and position B shows the end of the connection.

On FIG. 4 shows the connection of the protective cover (5) with the power grid (1). The connection is carried out due to the presence of loops (12) on the protective cover, which are attached to the corresponding sling of the power grid with the help of ties (13).

On FIG. 5 shows a disposable liner (2) with a blank bottom and a collar (14) in its upper part. The collar (14) is a reinforcing element of the detachable connection between the liner and the protective cover (4) or power grid (1). The collar is attached at the top of the liner along the entire circumference of the liner. In this embodiment, the collar (14) is fixed at a height of 2700 mm with a total insert height of 4700 mm. In this example, the circumference of a disposable polyethylene liner is approximately 8 m. In the manufacture of an liner of this size, several canvases are used, which are welded together. To prevent overlapping of the welding seam of the sheets between themselves with the welding seam of the collar with the wall of the liner, in this example, a part (separate segment) of the collar is attached to each sheet forming the liner, while the length of such a segment of the liner is equal to or less than the width of the web. Thus, the collar (14), attached to the upper part of the liner along its entire circumference, is a separate segments of the collar (not shown in Fig. 5), which are separated from each other by welding seams connecting the sheets from which the liner is made.

On FIG. 6 shows in detail the design of the collar of a disposable liner, which is a reinforcing element of the detachable connection of the liner with a protective casing (4) or power grid (1). The collar (14) is made of a widow-folded polyethylene tape (15), on top of which a polypropylene fabric (16) is sewn in such a way that two layers of polyethylene film are located between two layers of, for example, polypropylene fabric. The two free edges (15) of the double-folded polyethylene film are attached, for example welded, to the outer wall of the liner (17). The other edge of the polyethylene tape, which is formed by its fold, is wrapped with a polypropylene fabric, so that the double-folded polyethylene tape is inside the double-folded polypropylene tape, while all layers of the multilayer structure are interconnected by seams (18). To the collar, which is a multi-layer construction, ties (19) are sewn, with the help of which the insert is attached to the mesh (1).

On FIG. 7 shows the design of the liner skirt, which is a fold of the liner web or a tunnel (21) formed by soldering two adjacent surfaces of the side wall (17) of the liner along its diameter and then making transverse cuts (19) on it to form loops (20) .

The operation of the claimed flexible container includes the following stages: preparing the container for loading, closing the discharge sleeve, folding the container, loading it and then unloading it.

The soft container is prepared for loading as follows. The power grid (1) of the container is laid out. The protective cover (4) is placed inside the grid (1), the central seam of the cover is aligned with the central seams of the annular tapes (9) of the grid so that the vertical seams of the casing are parallel to the vertical tapes (10) of the grid. Connect the casing (4) to the grid (1) in the lower part by tying the loops of the casing to the bottom ring tape of the grid (9). In the upper part of the casing loops, they are connected to the grid loops with a detachable connection. Then a disposable liner (2) is placed inside the casing (4) and the central seams of the casing (4) and the liner (2) are aligned. Then the loops (20) on the "skirt" of the liner are connected with the loops on the inside of the casing with one-piece ties. In the upper part of the tie (19), sewn to the collar (14) of the liner, they are tied to the mesh loops (1).

To close the unloading sleeve (7) of the grid from spontaneous unloading of the container, the following technological operations are performed. The unloading sleeve (7) is pulled together, the loop (8), stitched across the unloading sleeve of the insert (2), is inserted into the metal ring on the opposite side of this loop and the loop is secured with a pin located on the long part of the locking link. Contour the hairpin with a locking tape. The locking link of the unloading sleeve is marked with a distinctive flag. To protect the unloading sleeve (7) from spontaneous unloading when the container is moved during transportation, a triangular valve is attached to the mesh loops to the unloading point. To do this, insert the loops into the rings located at the vertices of the triangle and check the loops with the pins of the checks and fix them with a locking tape. The container is then rolled up.

In order to load the container, it is hung by the cargo loops (3) on the hooks of the traverse, basket, technological frame or other loading device, the loading sleeve of the liner is fixed to the loading device using a tie-down strap. The container is loaded to its full capacity, while the weight of the container with the cargo should not exceed its carrying capacity. After loading, the container is moved to a vehicle or to a storage place, the loading sleeve is folded and tied with a tie, for example, from LTPE 20-110 tape or twine, then the lid is placed on the container and secured with ties, for example, from LTPE 20-110 tape in 2 turn to the second annular mesh tape with two straight knots. Then, to move the container loaded in the technological basket, the hooks of the lifting roll beam are brought under the cargo loops (3), lift the container from the basket and load it into the vehicle or place it at the storage place.

The container is unloaded as follows. The container is unloaded from the vehicle. Detach the container cover (5). Untie and open the loading sleeve, then turn its edges inside out. The loaded container is lifted by the cargo loops (3) from the vehicle or warehouse using a traverse suspended from the hook suspension of the crane, and moved to the place of unloading, setting the bottom of the container at a height of at least 1 meter from the unloading surface. Then the unloading sleeve is unchecked as follows:

- pull the safety valve lock towards itself, tearing it away from the grid (1);

- manually uncheck the valve and the twist of the unloading sleeve. As a result, the unloading sleeve (7) will fall out of the center of the bottom of the container;

- the unloading sleeve (7) is lowered into the unloading area and the unloading sleeve is disengaged. Under the pressure of the load, the bottom of the liner (2) is torn, as a result of which the transported product flows out of the container by gravity. In case of difficulty in unchecking the container and incomplete rupture of the bottom of the liner, it is allowed to use a gaff with a rounded end.

Upon completion of unloading, the container is lowered to the ground, removed from the traverse, the insert (2) is removed from the container, having disconnected it from the protective cover (4) hinges in the upper part. The power grid (1) is folded with the casing (4), putting the cover (5) inside. Attach the locking links to the grid (1) of the container. The used insert (2) is transferred to the storage place for recycling.

The proposed design of a container for the transportation of bulk cargoes makes it possible to reduce the number of repair operations throughout the entire period of operation of the container, reduce the time for loading and unloading operations, use less durable and more accessible materials for the manufacture of the container, reduce the complexity of manufacturing the container, ensure maximum tightness of the container liner, eliminate spontaneous unwinding of the unloading sleeve and opening of the container in the lower part, to prevent spillage of the loaded material, to increase the strength of the entire container structure. In addition, the claimed design of the container allows the use of a polyethylene film for the manufacture of an insert, which was impossible before the proposed solution due to the characteristics of polyethylene, including its insufficient strength.

Claims (19)

1. A soft container for transportation and storage of bulk cargo, containing a power grid with lifting loops and an insert made of film material located in the grid, characterized in that the liner has a blank bottom, the bottom of the power grid contains an unloading opening to which the unloading sleeve is attached, the container additionally contains a protective cover, which is located between the power grid and the insert, while the protective cover is made of a material stronger than the film material of the insert, and the insert, the protective cover and the power grid are interconnected by detachable connections. 2. Soft container according to claim 1, characterized in that the liner contains a loading sleeve in the upper part. 3. Soft container according to claim. 1, characterized in that the container additionally contains a lid made of a stronger material than the liner. 4. Soft container according to claim 1, characterized in that the film material of the liner is polyethylene. 5. The flexible container according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective casing and/or lid is made of a polymer-coated material, preferably polyvinyl chloride, rubberized fabric or polypropylene. 6. Soft container according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective casing has no bottom and has an overlap in the lower part so that the height of the cover is longer than the height of the power grid by 6%, 7%, 8% or 9%. 7. Soft container according to claim 1, characterized in that the detachable connections are discontinuous or inextricable structures of the detachable connection. 8. Soft container according to claim 1, characterized in that a protective valve in the form of a triangle is additionally attached to the power grid in its bottom part. 9. A soft container according to claim 8, characterized in that reinforcing tapes are sewn onto the triangular valve, forming loops with rings at the vertices of the triangle for attaching to the loops on the power grid frame. 10. A disposable liner for use in a soft container according to claim 1, containing a loading sleeve in the upper part and made of a film material, characterized in that the bottom of the liner is made deaf, and in the upper part of the liner along its diameter there is a reinforcing element of the detachable connection of the liner to to a protective cover or to a power grid, while the liner is made of a film material with a thickness of 110 microns. 11. A disposable liner according to claim 10, characterized in that the reinforcing element is a collar located along the entire diameter of the upper part of the liner or in the form of separate segments of the collar, which are located separately from each other along the diameter of the liner. 12. Disposable liner according to claim 10, characterized in that in the lower part it contains an additional element or elements of detachable fastening of the liner with a power grid or a protective cover. 13. Disposable liner according to claim 12, characterized in that the additional element is made of the same material as the liner, and is a tunnel formed by soldering two adjacent surfaces of the side wall of the liner along its diameter and further making transverse cuts on it with the formation of loops. 14. The reinforcing element of the detachable connection of the disposable liner according to claim 10, which is a tape, one edge of which is attached to the outer surface of the liner or is part of the liner wall, while the tape consists of at least one layer of film material and at least two layers of a more durable and crosslinkable material, while the layer of the film material of the liner is located between two layers of a more durable material, forming a multilayer section of the tape, which contains at least one element of the detachable connection of the liner with a protective cover or power grid. 15. Reinforcing element according to claim 14, characterized in that the tape contains two layers of film material, which are located between two layers of a more durable, capable of crosslinking material. 16. A reinforcing element according to claim 14, characterized in that it contains an additional layer of a more durable, crosslinkable material located between two layers of film material. 17. Reinforcing element according to paragraphs. 14-16, characterized in that the film material is a polyethylene film, and a more durable, crosslinkable material is a polypropylene fabric. 18. A reinforcing element according to claim 14, characterized in that the detachable connection elements are loops, eyelets or ties. 19. The use of a polyethylene film for the manufacture of a flexible container liner according to clause 10 for the transportation and storage of bulk cargo.

Images