RU2785589C1 - Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: multifunctional transport.

SUBSTANCE: modular multifunctional transport and technological complex consists of a vehicle with a cab with a traction coupling device with a main frame, with a hydraulic system with a hydraulic distributor, with free outlets for hydraulic lines, with a towing device installed on the main frame of the vehicle, three driving steering axles, seeding complex hoppers with dispensers and air supply device. Of the three leading steerable axles, two axles are swivel, while at the rear end of the main frame of the vehicle there is a semi-frame with four rods pivotally connected at one end to the main frame of the vehicle. The other ends of the rods are made with the possibility of connection with the hinged removable frame of the seeder from three folding parts with hinged removable working bodies.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to create a more efficient modular multifunctional transport and technological complex with improved maneuverability and enhanced functionality.

7 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, namely to modular multifunctional transport and technological complexes for the agro-industrial complex (AIC) and can be used to reduce costs and increase productivity through the integrated introduction of new technologies for precise coordinated farming.

Sowing grain is the most complex and significant operation in the process of growing crops, on which the yield largely depends. The quality of sowing is characterized by the method of placing fertilizers and seeds in a row, by the area of nutrition and the depth of planting. These indicators depend on the type and design of the coulter, as the final link in the entire system of the working bodies of the sowing machine. A wide variety of sowing machines of domestic and foreign production is presented on the agricultural machinery market, with an even greater variety of coulters. Most sowing machines provide for the application of fertilizers together with the sowing of seeds in the form of a starting dose. The application of fertilizers makes it possible to enhance the mineral nutrition of plants in the initial period from seed germination to the formation of the root system. However, when applying mineral fertilizers directly to the seed row, it entails the risk of a salt effect and toxic effects of the fertilizer (chemical burn) on the sown seeds. The most favorable is the separate local application of fertilizers and seeds, which allows the roots of plants to develop in the direction of the source of nutrition, forming an extensive root system. Based on the foregoing, a working hypothesis was proposed - to develop a combined coulter to ensure two-line sowing of grain, which will allow more even distribution of seeds over the feeding area and planting depth. At the same time, the starting dose of mineral fertilizers applied simultaneously with sowing is applied below the level of seeds of the main crop.

The stable production of grain crops in modern agricultural production requires the development and implementation of resource-saving technologies, including a set of measures to optimize the structure of arable land use, the use of plant protection products, productive sowing units adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the region. Increasing the yield of grain crops largely depends on the intensification of production by improving cultivation technology.

High-quality sowing by intensive technology is characterized by two components:

- uniform distribution of seed over the feeding area and the depth of planting;

- application of mineral fertilizers below or above the level of seeds of the main crop.

Attention to the uniform distribution of seeds over the feeding area is explained by the potential for increasing yields with a decrease in seeding rate. Their germination, development and, as a result, productivity largely depend on the quality of seed placement in the soil. Obviously, the greatest yield is obtained when the number of plants is distributed over the area so that each of them is provided with sufficient water and nutrients, and at the same time there is no unused area.

With the same seeding rate, seeds can be placed differently over the field area, so the same feeding area can have a different geometric shape. Thus, the shape of the feeding area depends on the seeding rate and the sowing method.

In the course of the research, it was found that the rational area for feeding grain crops is a circle, and the rational placement of plants over the field area is triangulation, which is characterized by equal spacing of plants and a row structure between rows.

When these parameters are provided during sowing, the seeds are provided with sufficient nutrients and do not have a depressing effect on each other.

known from the prior art modular seeding complex, containing sowing modules with working bodies and running supports, combined into a rank unit by means of a hitch, including a longitudinal bar and transverse bars pivotally connected to it with attachment points for the sowing modules, extensions connecting the transverse bars with the longitudinal one, and a device for connecting adjacent sowing modules, characterized in that that the seeding module fixing unit includes top and bottom plates rigidly fixed on the transverse bar, at least one of which is made with the sowing module fixing elements located relative to the transverse bar on one side, while on the other side of the transverse bar the plates are connected between each other with an axis that serves to fix the stretch. The axle is equipped with a limiter for the movement of the brace along the axle, made in the form of a short sleeve put on it. The unit for connecting the longitudinal and transverse bars includes upper and lower plates rigidly fixed at the end of the longitudinal bar and connected to each other on both sides of it by axes passed through the holes of the attached transverse bars and forming hinge axes, while at least one plate is equipped with fixing elements of the seeding module. The device for connecting neighboring seeding modules includes a bracket fixed to the frame of one seeding module with a through slotted groove and a bracket fixed to the frame of the neighboring seeding module with a fork with lugs at the ends for fixing the axis installed in the mentioned through groove with the possibility of free vertical and horizontal in the direction of movement of the unit movement. The brackets are fixed from below to the middle transverse bar of the seeding unit frames. The fork is formed by two overhead elements rigidly fixed on the bracket with partial coverage of its faces. The number of sowing modules is 2-6. The transverse bars are made with the possibility of increasing their length by attaching additional links. The sowing module contains a carrier frame on which a hopper with seeding units, coulters and front and rear supports are mounted, kinematically connected with a power element that ensures their movement between working and transport positions (RU 116308, IPC A01C 7/00, publ. 27.05.2012 ).

The disadvantage of analogue is the inability to spread granular mineral fertilizers.

Known multifunctional leading module of a self-propelled seeding complex, consisting of a vehicle with a towing device, with a hydraulic system with an installed hydraulic distributor with free outlets for hydraulic lines, with the following installed on the vehicle frame: a hopper of a seeding complex, an air supply device and a dosing device for seeds and fertilizers with pipelines, loading auger mounted on the bunker. At the rear end of the vehicle frame, a rear three-point hitch is installed, consisting of three rods: one upper and two lower, pivotally connected by the front ends to the vehicle frame and a lifting mechanism of the hitch with lifting hydraulic cylinders (RU 193198, IPC B62D 49/06, A01C 5/08, A01B 49/06).

The disadvantage of the known complex is the unsuitability of the attachment of hinged working bodies.

Known tillage and sowing complex, which consists of coulters and working bodies located in front of them for tillage. Hollow chisel loosening paws with nares are installed in front. The paws are installed with an offset relative to the coulters by half the row spacing. The tips are made of wear-resistant material and are rigidly attached to the toe of the paws with the possibility of removal. The paws are installed at a depth of 10-12 "golden sections" (1.61) from the sowing depth with the possibility of supplying loose fertilizer mixtures to this depth. Behind the paws there are cutter disks for the sowing depth. Next, the coulters are installed. Packers are installed behind the openers. The width of the rollers is equal to one third of the row spacing. The rollers have spikes on the rolling surface, which have a height equal to one third of the specified sowing depth. The spikes are arranged with the same step in parallel rows with a shift of one row relative to the other by half a step. The side rollers of the first row are pivotally fastened by a U-shaped frame, to which the remaining rollers of this row are rigidly attached by rigid leashes on the sides. The U-shaped frame in the middle is rigidly attached by a bar to the frame of the complex (RU 2341049, IPC A01B 49/06, publ. 20.12.2008).

The disadvantage of the known complex is the lack of modular trailers.

Also known from the prior art is a sowing complex with a central dosing system, which contains a centralized hopper with a dispenser, seed distributors with coulters, a frame. To move the seed distributors, the complex has at least two vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicles. Seed distributors are made in the form of containers for seeds, installed with the possibility of movement relative to each other. Coulters are mounted with the ability to move relative to the frame and have vertical takeoff and landing unmanned aerial vehicles type "air-ground" in an amount equal to the number of coulters. Containers for seeds are made with the possibility of interconnection by means of a detachable connection of mechanical action with vertical takeoff and landing unmanned aerial vehicles, a detachable connection of mechanical action with a dispenser and a detachable connection of mechanical action with coulters (RU 2711966, IPC A01C 7/08, B64D 1/16, published on 01/23/2020).

The disadvantage of the known complex is that it has low productivity, and its functionality is significantly limited.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is an energy-saving trailed sowing complex containing a two-section hopper attached to a tractor suspension, located on a frame, on two support wheels. Behind the hopper is a folding coulter frame with adjustable front and rear support press wheels. Dosers are installed under the sections of the bunker. On the side of the bunker, a loading auger folding into the stowed position with a receiving funnel for seeds or fertilizers is fixed. Ahead of the auger is a centrifugal fan with a motor. The coulter frame is equipped with hydraulics, air manifolds-distributors and corrugated pneumatic hoses connected to the pneumatic transport pipe, which, in turn, is connected to the dispensers. Spring-loaded coulters are staggered between the wheels, and three-row spring harrows are behind the coulters. The spiral housing of the fan is attached to the engine from the side of the output end of its crankshaft, on which the fan impeller is directly mounted. The dispensers are rotated using an electric clutch from the supporting wheel according to the scheme: chain drive - electric clutch - chain drive - seeding gearbox - dispensers. The coulters running along the track strips of the support wheels and the front support wheels of the coulter frame, compared with other coulters of the complex, are set lower by Δh=0.020 ... 0.040 m (RU 2535752, IPC A01C 7/00, A01B 49/06, publ. 20.12. 2014).

The disadvantage of the prototype is limited functionality.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to create a more productive modular multifunctional transport and technological complex with improved maneuverability, combining removable and replaceable units (mineral fertilizer spreader, grain seeder, cultivator and hay harvesting equipment), having the ability to reverse, shuttle sowing and other work with a folding frame of the seeder, which is more convenient for transportation and sowing, quick loading due to the presence of a manipulator for loading seeds and fertilizers, and can also work in the fields in a cross way and replaces a caterpillar tractor, three drive axles allow you to work stably and evenly in fields with high soil moisture, according to the principle of shard (cold and / or frozen soil) according to seedlings of crops, in any weather conditions, in addition, the complex allows for accurate dosing and distribution of the application of mineral granular fertilizers across the working width, mineral fertilizers fertilizers from 17 m to 50 m, and complex fertilizers up to 60 m.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a modular multifunctional transport and technological complex consists of a vehicle with a cab with a towing device with a main frame, with a hydraulic system with a hydraulic distributor with free hydraulic line outlets, with a towing device installed on the main frame of the vehicle, three leading controlled bridges, bunkers of the sowing complex with dispensers and an air supply device. Of the three leading steerable axles, two axles are swivel. At the rear end of the main frame of the vehicle there is a semi-frame with four rods, pivotally connected at one end to the main frame of the vehicle, the other ends of the rods being connected to the hinged removable frame of the seeder from three folding parts with hinged removable working bodies. The ends of the rods of the main semi-frame are connected to the hinged removable frame of the seeder with three folding parts, on which the working bodies are fixed in the form of a coulter, consisting of two discs, two seed tubes, two seed guides and a rolling press, with the possibility of two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds and simultaneous introduction of complex or nitrogen fertilizers. The ends of the rods of the main semi-frame are connected to the hinged removable frame of the seeder with three folding parts, on which the working bodies are fixed in the form of a coulter, consisting of an anchor coulter, a cutting disc, two seed ducts, two seed guides and a rolling clamp with the possibility of direct sowing on the stubble of grain and leguminous crops on zero technology No-Till and with the possibility of two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds and simultaneous application of complex and nitrogen fertilizers. A manipulator for loading seeds and fertilizers is installed on the main frame of the vehicle, and the air supply device in the form of a fan, combined for heating the seeds and for moving the seeds and fertilizers to the ground, is located on the main frame in front of the hopper. The hopper with dispensers is divided into three compartments, one of them is used for seeds, the second compartment is for complex fertilizers, the third compartment is for nitrogen fertilizers. The front part of the main frame of the vehicle is made with the possibility of installing and removing a hay mower or forage harvesting equipment or a bulldozer mounted shovel. On a semi-frame with four rods, a hinged pneumatic spreader of mineral fertilizers is installed with the possibility of removal, consisting of a lifting mechanism, three folding parts of the frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a cyclone, a hydraulic motor and spreading plates. In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the modular multifunctional transport and technological complex; in fig. 2 - bottom view of a modular multifunctional transport and technological complex with a hinged removable frame of the seeder; in fig. 3 - view of a coulter of two discs for two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds; in fig. 4 - view of the anchor coulter for two-line sowing; in fig. 5 - modular multifunctional transport and technological complex with a mounted pneumatic spreader of mineral fertilizers from three folding parts; in fig. 6. - rear view of a mounted pneumatic fertilizer spreader.

The modular multifunctional transport and technological complex (Fig. 1) consists of a vehicle with a cab 1 with a towing device with a main frame 2, with a hydraulic system with an installed hydraulic valve 3, with free outlets for hydraulic lines 4, with 2 vehicles installed on the main frame towing device 5 and three leading controlled axles 6, 7, 8, compartments of the hoppers of the sowing complex 9, 10, 11 with dispensers 12, 13, 14, fan 15 with heated seeds. Of the three leading controlled axles 6, 7, 8, two axles 6 and 7 are swivel, on the rear end of the main frame 2 of the vehicle there is a semi-frame 16 with four rods, pivotally connected at one end to the main frame 2 of the vehicle, and at other ends - with removable hinged working bodies 17. On the semi-frame 16 with four rods, removable hinged working bodies of the seeder 18 (Fig. 2) are fixed from three folding parts with a disk coulter 19, consisting of two disks 19 (Fig. 3), two seed tubes 20, two seed guides 21, and a press clamp 22, with the possibility of two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds and simultaneous application of complex and nitrogen fertilizers. Also, on the semi-frame 16 with four rods, a hinged removable frame of the seeder 18 can be fixed from three folding parts with an anchor coulter 23 (Fig. 4), intended for processing using zero No-Till technology, consisting of an anchor coulter 23, a cutting disc 24, two seed ducts 20, two seed guides 21 and a rolling clamp 22 with the possibility of two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds and simultaneous application of complex and nitrogen fertilizers. On the main frame 2 of the vehicle there is a manipulator for loading seeds and fertilizers 25 and, located in front of the compartment 9 of the bunker, a fan 15, combined for heating the seeds and for moving the seeds and fertilizers to the ground. The hopper with dispensers 12, 13, 14 is divided into three compartments 9, 10, 11, one compartment 9 of them is used for seeds, the second compartment 10 is for complex fertilizers, the third compartment 11 is for nitrogen fertilizers. The sowing rate of seeds and fertilizers is regulated separately. In front of the main frame 2 of the vehicle, a hay mower, forage harvesting equipment (not shown in the drawing) and a mounted shovel of a bulldozer 26 are installed. mechanism 27 (Fig. 6), three folding parts of the frame 28, hydraulic cylinder 29, cyclone 30, hydraulic motor 31, spreading plates 32.

The proposed disc coulter 19 operates as follows. Three folding parts of the frame of the seeder 18 are controlled, each section of the frame is turned on and off separately using the remote control from the operator's cab 1, so that there is no overseeding. When deepening, the disc coulter 19 cuts a groove in the soil, into which fertilizers are supplied from the compartments of the hoppers of the sowing complex 9, 10,11 with dispensers 12, 13, 14 through one of the seed tubes 20 above relative to the seed sowing rows, which eliminates their burns and death. Clogging of disc coulters 19 inside with earth is excluded by guides-21 due to the use of rubberized material. Each disc coulter 19 has two inlets of seed pipes 20 for seeds and fertilizers. When sowing cereals and leguminous crops, seeds and fertilizer granules are simultaneously sowed in rows, fertilizer is lower by 2 cm from the seeds. Depth control presses 22 move parallel to the center of the disc coulter 19 and constantly track all the unevenness of the field, so the disc coulter 19 sows all seeds always at the same depth, regardless of the field profile. At the same time, fertilizers are placed deeper than seeds and the maximum growth of the main mass of roots by 2-3 cm, which eliminates the contact of seeds and fertilizers, and ensures an increase in field germination of seeds, grain quality and yield. The use of the developed disc coulter 19 allows, by combining operations, to reduce the number of passes of equipment across the field, reduce soil compaction, consumption of fuel and lubricants (POL) and increase productivity up to 50%. This method makes it possible to enhance the mineral nutrition of plants in the initial period from seed germination to the formation of the root system, when the application of mineral fertilizers directly to the seed row leads to a decrease in seed germination, inhibition or death of seedlings. Each disc coulter 19 is followed by a rolling clamp 22 made of 65G spring steel, fixed to the coulter with two fingers. The rolling clamp 22 closes the row and evenly covers seeds and mineral fertilizers to a given depth, mulches and packs the soil, destroys clods and levels the soil. Between the disc coulters 19 it is quite spacious, the row spacing is 15 cm. The diameter of the disc coulter discs 19 is 450 mm, they are made of high-strength wear-resistant steel. The disc coulter 19 in one pass across the field performs soil cultivation, row sowing of grain crops with a mid-depth introduction of a row of starting dose and a full dose of granular mineral fertilizers. The most promising and effective way of applying fertilizers is the local application of the main dose of mineral fertilizers before sowing deeper, and seeds with a soil layer between them. This allows you to more accurately fix the location of fertilizers relative to seeds, more fully provide plants with the necessary nutrition for the entire growing season from the centers of fertilizers of increased concentration, which ultimately increases the payback of fertilizers.

Disc coulters 19 are installed for prepared soil of spring sowing, and for autumn unprepared soil of direct sowing, only anchor coulters 23 and cutting discs 24 are changed and it is not necessary to purchase a seeding complex with anchor coulters separately. Anchor coulter 23 is designed for direct sowing in autumn on winter stubble using No-Till technology. The cutting disc 24 cuts the grass, and the anchor coulter 23 makes a groove into which seeds and fertilizer granules are simultaneously sown in rows, the fertilizer is lower by 2-4 cm from the seeds. Each anchor coulter 23 is also followed by a rolling clamp 22, which closes the row and evenly embeds seeds and mineral fertilizers to a predetermined depth, rolls the soil, destroys clods, mulches and levels the soil.

The hinged pneumatic spreader for differentiated application of mineral fertilizers consists of a lifting mechanism 27 (Fig. 6), three folding parts of the frame 28, a hydraulic cylinder 29, a cyclone 30, a hydraulic motor 31, spreading plates 32. It is designed for surface application of dry granular mineral fertilizers, loose, crystalline fertilizers and lime, starting from early spring on the snow (on a snow shard) and at the optimum time. It is also used as a sowing machine for rice, barley and other crops. The mounted pneumatic spreader has a reliable anti-corrosion protection, and the removable parts are made of high quality stainless steel. The adjustment takes place by changing the speed of the dispensers 13, 14. Folding parts of the frame 28 of the mounted pneumatic spreader are installed higher than that of the prototype, which gives a uniform distribution over the entire area of the earth.

The lifting mechanism 27 of the mounted pneumatic spreader during operation rises to the desired height up to 4 m from the ground for better distribution of fertilizers, and the folding parts of the frame 28 are laid out in width up to 18 m. Three spreading plates 32 are installed on the folding parts of the frame 28 with distances between them up to 9 m, which gives a uniform distribution over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe land. Fertilizer application is dosed from the cabin control panel 1. Three spreading plates 32 work both together and separately.

Presowing heat treatment of seeds is a procedure for increasing the germination, resistance and yield of crops. The most economical is when sowing seeds, since the farm does not incur any costs and losses. Seeds are poured into the compartment of the seed bin 9 with a dispenser 12. The modular multifunctional transport and technological complex has the ability to heat the seeds at no cost and without losing the temperature of the seed material, immediately after warm seeds get into cold soil, warm seeds form a condensate that increases germination, germination energy, phytosanitary condition. Air-heat treatment in most cases is the most inexpensive and highly effective procedure. Air-heat treatment has a positive effect on the seeds of cereals, rice, buckwheat, sunflower, flax, poppy, hemp, camelina, seeds of cereals and legumes. Heating of seeds during sowing is carried out at a temperature of 40 ° C to 43 ° C, as there is a gentle heating of the seeds so as not to harm the already awakened sprouts. Seeds with a moisture content of up to 18% are poured into the compartment of the hopper 9 and the seeds move by gravity down to the dispenser 12. Pipes with holes from the fan 15 are connected inside the compartment of the hopper 9, directed downwards to the dispenser 12, and under the pressure of warm air from 40 ° C to 43 ° C From the fan 15, the seeds are warmed up in the compartment of the hopper 9 for 20 to 35 minutes while the seeder is moving. It is impossible to overheat the seed material, otherwise the proteins may collapse, the grain will lose its germination. To do this, temperature sensors are installed in the fan 15 (not shown in the figure), which are controlled from the cab 1 and monitor the temperature regime from 40 °C to 43 °C. The seeds of spring wheat warmed before sowing give more friendly seedlings and 3-4 centners per hectare more yield.

The modular multifunctional transport and technological complex has a number of advantages over a trailed sowing complex aggregated with a tractor, in particular, the total mass of the modular multifunctional transport and technological complex is less than the mass of a tractor with a trailed sowing complex, while the mass of the hopper with grain and fertilizers, which is installed on the frame of the vehicle, increases the weight of the leading module of the self-propelled sowing complex, which provides an increase in traction force until the moment of slipping and, accordingly, there is no need to install ballast weights and additional wheels that are placed on the tractor to increase its weight in order to increase traction force. Reducing the total mass and, accordingly, reducing the metal consumption, excluding parts and assemblies from the design, in particular, the hopper frame with the details of the connection with the traction coupling device, the axles with the hopper wheels, which are installed on the trailed sowing complex, reduce the cost of production of the sowing complex. Due to the installation of the bunker on the frame of the vehicle, the length of the self-propelled sowing complex is much less than the total length of the "AGRATOR-ABTO-P" tractor with the trailed sowing complex installed, this provides better maneuverability and reduces the turning radius. Reducing the pressure on the soil by half, while increasing the traction force by 33% compared to other tractors and "AGRATOR-ABTO-P", reducing the cost of agricultural products (crop and livestock) by up to 30%, reducing the pressure on the soil by 33%, increase in productivity, reduction of seed germination time by two and three days due to the introduction of new technologies for preheating seeds in a bunker and an increase in yield by 10-15%, a reduction in the need for the use of pesticides by 50%, a reduction in sowing time to 10 days ha (optimal agronomic periods), reduction of cultivation time with the application of granular fertilizers, reduction of disking time with the application of granular fertilizers, reduction of the time for application of granular fertilizers, reduction of the machinery fleet by 50%, reduction of metal consumption by 3.5 times, reduction in the cost of purchasing equipment by 3.5 times, reducing costs per hectare up to 80%, fuel and lubricants - 30%, fertilizers - 30%, tr costs - 3 times). When using a modular multifunctional transport and technological complex in (agro-industrial complex), it excludes the use of many agricultural machines: in particular, two-axle tractors (KIROVETS, BELORUS, JUNDIR, CASE, T-150), which have a lot of pressure on the soil, corn harvesters, self-propelled mowers, sowing complexes with disc coulters, sowing complexes with anchor coulters, expensive disc harrows, cultivators, trailed fertilizer spreaders and self-propelled fertilizer spreaders, self-propelled loaders.

Claims (7)

1. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex, consisting of a vehicle with a cab with a towing device with a main frame, with a hydraulic system with a hydraulic distributor, with free outlets for hydraulic lines, with a towing device installed on the main frame of the vehicle, three leading controlled axles, bunkers of the sowing complex with dispensers and an air supply device, characterized in that of the three leading controlled axles, two axles are rotary, while at the rear end of the main frame of the vehicle there is a half-frame with four rods pivotally connected at one end to the main frame of the vehicle, and the other ends of the rods are made with the possibility of connection with the hinged removable frame of the seeder from three folding parts with hinged removable working bodies. 2. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the rods of the main semi-frame are connected to the hinged removable frame of the seeder with three folding parts, on which the working bodies are fixed in the form of a coulter, consisting of two disks, two seed tubes, two seed guides and presser, with the possibility of two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds and simultaneous application of complex or nitrogen fertilizers. 3. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the rods of the main semi-frame are connected to the hinged removable frame of the seeder with three folding parts, on which the working bodies are fixed in the form of a coulter, consisting of an anchor coulter, a cutting disc, two seed ducts, two seed guides and a rolling clamp, with the possibility of direct sowing on the stubble of grain and leguminous crops using the No-Till technology and with the possibility of two-line sowing with multi-level sowing of seeds and the simultaneous application of complex and nitrogen fertilizers. 4. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex according to claim 1, characterized in that a manipulator for loading seeds and fertilizers is installed on the main frame of the vehicle, and the air supply device in the form of a fan combined to heat the seeds and move the seeds and fertilizers to the ground , located on the main frame in front of the hopper. 5. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper with dispensers is divided into three compartments, one of them is used for seeds, the second compartment is for complex fertilizers, the third compartment is for nitrogen fertilizers. 6. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the front part of the main frame of the vehicle is configured to install and remove a hay mower, or forage harvesting equipment, or a bulldozer mounted shovel. 7. Modular multifunctional transport and technological complex according to claim 1, characterized in that on a semi-frame with four rods, a hinged pneumatic spreader of mineral fertilizers is installed with the possibility of removal, consisting of a lifting mechanism, three folding parts of the frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a cyclone, a hydraulic motor and spreading plates .

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