RU2785063C1 - Pneumatic construction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mobile prefabricated structures construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction of mobile prefabricated structures, and in particular to pneumatic building structures used in various sectors of the economy. The pneumatic structure contains an elastic shell equipped with valves, an air supply unit with a supply pipe. The elastic shell is made in the form of a set of separate air chambers, and each air chamber is equipped with a check valve, and the pneumatic structure is configured to control and adjust, as well as to maintain the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber of the shell. To control and adjust the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber, a control pressure sensor is installed on the manifold with the ability to turn the air supply unit on or off, and a check valve is installed on its surface to maintain and maintain the working pressure inside the air chamber.

EFFECT: invention provides the ability to control and adjust, as well as maintaining and maintaining the working pressure not only in the collector, but also inside the air chamber of the shell of the supporting structure, which not only equalizes the internal pressure in the collector and in the air chamber, keeps the shape of the structure in working order and provides reliable support pressure, but also significantly reduces the cost of maintaining and operating temporary structures, and also ensures the construction of reliable pneumatic building structures for temporary accommodation of people, various industries and public institutions.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction of mobile prefabricated structures with full factory readiness at the manufacturing stage, in particular to temporary technological and domestic structures for the temporary accommodation of people, various industries and public institutions, namely, to pneumatic building structures used in various sectors of the national economy as hangars, warehouses and production facilities, exhibition pavilions and sports halls, pre-fabricated dolphinariums and repair bases in the north, which require low-pressure air supply from the pumping station and maintenance of the structure in working order at no additional cost.

Known air support structure according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 1293303, class. E04G 11/04, E04H 15/20, 1987, containing a flexible longitudinal shell, consisting of arch-forming and end parts with partitions with holes located at the closure points, an air and heat supply system, the end parts of the shell are made airtight, and the partitions are hermetically connected with arch-forming and end parts of the shell, and the holes in the partitions are equipped with check valves for bypassing pressure between the parts of the shell.

The structure is equipped with check valves installed in such a way that air passes through them in only one direction - from the cavity formed by the arch-forming part of the shell and the partition into the cavity formed by the end part of the shell and the partition, and designed to equalize the pressure in these cavities.

The air-supported structure refers mainly to pneumatic formwork, which contains an elastic shell attached to the foundation, and intended for the erection of monolithic structures such as shells for various purposes by spraying concrete and similar mixtures. The structure, due to its design, does not have the ability to support and maintain pressure inside the shell, which causes significant air leakage leading to high costs.

Known air support structure according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 667649, class. Е04В 1/345, 1979, including a soft shell with holes along its perimeter, wind catchers equipped with check valves are installed in the holes of the shell. The windcatchers are made in the form of confusers with air ducts and are installed on rigid supports with inlets outside the horizontal dimension of the shell.

Air is injected under the soft shell through holes in which wind catchers are installed in the form of confusers with check valves. Having accelerated in the confuser of the pre-block windcatcher, the wind, having opened the check valve, penetrates into the structure and increases the pressure in it until it affects the shell from the outside.

The shell is a single-layer structure, under which air is injected, and not with the help of an air supply unit, but with the help of wind. And they try to keep the pumped air due to the tightness of the shell, which is not possible without forced actions, and the check valves of the wind catchers keep the air out only through the confusers. In this case, there is no control over the internal pressure in the shell, and there is no adjustment of the pressure inside the shell.

Known pneumatic air support structure according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 316820, class. E04B 1/345, 1971, adopted by the applicant as a prototype. It includes a multilayer shell made of elastic material, the layers of which are separated by air layers, and an air supply unit. The inner layers of the shell are made with calibrated holes, and bypass valves are installed in the calibrated holes.

Air is supplied to the layers between the layers of the shell from the main room through calibrated holes in the layers. Air is supplied by the unit only to the main room. The creation of a given pressure drop from the inner layer of the shell to the outer layer is carried out by appropriate adjustment of the bypass valves.

In addition, the structure lacks control over the change in pressure inside each layer of the shell and constant support and retention of the working pressure inside the shell.

The technical problem of creating a pneumatic structure is, in addition to maintaining the tightness of the shell of the supporting structure, there is also the need to maintain a relatively excessive constant operating pressure that neutralizes the maximum external air pressure on the shell, the compensation of which is impossible by automatically connecting, for example, additional fans due to the inertia of the latter.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the proposed solution, a pneumatic structure containing an elastic shell equipped with valves, an air supply unit with a supply pipe, the elastic shell is made in the form of a set of separate air chambers, and each air chamber is equipped with a check shut-off valve, the air supply pipe from the air supply unit is made in the form of a manifold and an air duct for forcing air directly into the air chamber, which is connected to the manifold and connected to each air chamber, moreover, the pneumatic structure is made with the ability to control and adjust, as well as to maintain the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber of the shell .

In addition, to control and adjust the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber, a control pressure sensor is installed on the manifold with the ability to turn the air supply unit on or off, and a check valve is installed on its surface to maintain and maintain the working pressure inside the air chamber.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention lies in the fact that due to the implementation of the elastic shell in the form of a set of separate air chambers and the use of a non-return shut-off valve and a control pressure sensor in the design of the pneumatic structure, control and adjustment were carried out, as well as support and retention of the working pressure not only in collector, but also inside the air chamber of the shell of the supporting structure, which not only equalizes the internal pressure in the collector and in the air chamber, keeps the shape of the structure in working order and provides reliable pressure support, but also significantly reduces the cost of maintenance and operation of temporary structures, as well as provides the construction of reliable pneumatic building structures for the temporary accommodation of people, various industries and public institutions.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the pneumatic structure, front view and top view;

in fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig. 1, which shows an air supply unit with a supply pipe made in the form of a manifold and an air duct for forcing air directly into the air chamber, check valves on each air chamber, a manifold check valve and a control pressure sensor.

The pneumatic structure contains an elastic shell of the supporting structure, made in the form of a set of individual air chambers 1 and an air supply unit 2 with a supply pipe, which is made in the form of a manifold 3 and an air duct 4 for pumping air directly into the air chamber 1. The air duct 4 is connected to the manifold 3 and is connected to each air chamber 1. And each air chamber 1 is equipped with a check valve 5, which is connected to the air duct 4 for blowing air directly into the air chamber 1.

Moreover, each check valve 5 is installed hermetically and rigidly on the surface of the air chamber 1 and is hermetically and rigidly connected to the air duct 4 for injecting air directly into the air chamber 1 and is designed to prevent air from escaping from the air chamber 1 and maintain internal working air pressure in it.

And the pneumatic structure is made with the ability to control and adjust, as well as to keep the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber 1 of the shell of the supporting structure.

To control and adjust the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber 1, a control pressure sensor 6 is installed on the manifold 3 with the ability to turn on / off the air supply unit 2. Using the control pressure sensor 6, set the calculated set air pressure inside the manifold 3. And for support and keeping the working pressure inside each air chamber 1, a check valve 5 is installed on its surface. Using the control pressure sensor 6, the internal working pressure in the manifold 3 and in the air chamber 1 is equalized, thereby keeping the shape of the structure. In this case, the working pressure is the pressure at which the shell is kept in a working, normal, inflated state.

In addition, at the outlet of the air supply unit 2 and at the inlet to the manifold 3, a check valve 7 of the manifold 3 is rigidly and hermetically installed to prevent air from escaping from the manifold 3 and maintain the working air pressure in it without pumping until it drops to a minimum.

Pneumatic construction works as follows.

A mobile prefabricated pneumatic structure is placed at a location selected on the ground, its base is fixed, and, after that, it is connected to an air supply unit 2 for pumping air chambers 1 of the shell of the supporting structure.

To do this, the air duct 4 for blowing air directly into the air chamber 1 is hermetically and rigidly connected to the check valve 5 installed on its surface. Thus, each air chamber 1 is connected to its air duct 4 for air injection through the air supply manifold 3 from the air supply unit 2.

Having connected the air supply system to the air chambers 1 of the shell, the air supply unit 2 is turned on, which pumps air into the manifold 3 and air ducts 4 to supply air to the air chambers 1.

The supplied air freely passes through the check valve 7 of the collector 3, filling it, and further into the air ducts 4 and through the check valves 5 of each air duct 4 into each air chamber 1, forcing the necessary internal working air pressure in it, maintaining the pneumatic structure in working condition. Having achieved the required pressure in the air chambers 1 necessary to keep the shell of the supporting structure in working condition and controlled by the control pressure sensor 6, which automatically turns off the air supply unit 2.

At the same time, the check shut-off valves 5 of each air chamber 1 reliably retain air in it and prevent its leakage from the chamber, maintaining a constant internal working pressure, and the check valve 7 of the collector 3 retains air in the collector 3 and maintains the working pressure in it.

Check valves 5 allow you to maintain the working air pressure in the air chambers 1 and at the same time save energy when the air supply unit 2 is turned off for a long time and do not allow air to return to the air duct 4, and the check valve 7 of the manifold 3 does not allow air to return to the air supply unit 2.

At the same time, the control pressure sensor 6 controls the achievement of the desired pressure in the manifold 3 and in the air chambers 1. Automatically switches on the air supply unit 2 to supply air if there is not enough pressure in the air chambers 1, and the check valve 5 holds it.

The use of the proposed technical solution due to the implementation of an elastic shell in the form of a set of separate air chambers and the use of a non-return shut-off valve and a control pressure sensor in the design of the pneumatic structure makes it possible to control and adjust, as well as maintain and maintain the working pressure not only in the manifold, but also inside the air chamber. shell chamber of the supporting structure, which not only equalizes the internal pressure in the manifold and in the air chamber, keeps the shape of the structure in working condition and provides reliable pressure support, but also significantly reduces the cost of operating temporary structures, and also ensures the construction of reliable pneumatic building structures for temporary placement of people, various industries and public institutions that do not require a large consumption of electrical energy and fuels and lubricants for the generator to operate under operating conditions, for example, in remote areas.

Claims (2)

1. A pneumatic structure containing an elastic shell equipped with valves, an air supply unit with a supply pipe, characterized in that the shell is made in the form of a set of separate air chambers, and each air chamber is equipped with a check valve, the air supply pipe from the air supply unit is made in the form of a manifold and an air duct for forcing air directly into the air chamber, which is connected to the manifold and connected to each air chamber, moreover, the pneumatic structure is configured to control and adjust, as well as to maintain the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber of the shell. 2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that to control and adjust the working pressure inside the manifold and in each air chamber, a control pressure sensor is installed on the manifold with the ability to turn the air supply unit on and off, and to keep the working pressure inside the air chamber on its check valve is installed on the surface.

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