RU2784509C1 - Prefaced spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction, in particular, it can be used in the construction of the foundation of multi-storey buildings or structures with natural ventilation and preservation of permafrost soil by automatically controlling the process of soil cooling. The prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost soil is temperature-controlled, contains interconnected upper and lower slabs, which are connected by diagonal or non-braced reinforced concrete trusses or beams, cross connections are installed between the trusses or beams in the transverse direction, and a ventilated wall is formed between the upper and lower slabs. a ventilated underground with a temperature-controlled function and an air temperature sensor installed in it in all directions, while along the perimeter the foundation platform contains enclosing wooden glued panels that form a closed space with the indicated reinforced concrete slabs, and all wooden glued panels have built-in adjustable louvered grilles with an electric drive for their movement, which is associated with an automatic control system for the cooling of permafrost. Adjustable louvered grilles are made in two rows, respectively, with vertical and horizontal arrangement of their lamellas and with the ability to perceive wind currents and prevent snow transfer. The system for automatic control of the cooling process of permafrost comprises a sensor for the angular position of the vertical plane of the lamellas and a sensor for the angular position of the horizontal plane of the lamellas installed on the respective lamellas. The control unit that generates the control signals is made in the form of a logical fuzzy controller, which contains a phasifier with three inputs, a processing unit and a dephasifier connected in series with each other. The sensor of the angular position of the vertical plane of the lamellas is connected to the first input of the fasifier, the sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the lamellas is connected to the second input of the fasifier, the ambient temperature sensor is connected to the third input of the fasifier, and the fasifier, which is a converter that provides the conversion of the initial data from the mentioned sensors into linguistic values variables, is connected with the processing unit that implements the fuzzy inference procedures on the set of production rules that make up the knowledge base of the control system, and generates output linguistic values for the associated defuzzifier, which ensures the translation of linguistic values into exact values of the calculation results and generates control signals supplied for the impact to an electric drive connected to the lamellas of the vertical and horizontal planes of double-row louvered grilles to reduce current errors to zero.

EFFECT: reducing the duration of the process of freezing permafrost soil in natural conditions and preventing heavy snow transfer into the ventilated underground of the building by increasing the efficiency of the device for automatically controlling platform elements while generating more accurate control signals that provide optimal conditions for the cooling process.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular, it can be used in the construction of the foundation of multi-storey buildings or structures, which has the ability to naturally ventilate and prevent the thawing of permafrost soil by automatically controlling the soil cooling process.

Known temperature-controlled enclosing module ventilated underground, made of prefabricated wooden glued panels in the form of a module of increased industrialization, the design of which contains the front, rear and connecting them along the perimeter of the panel with a system of cross ribs located between them, forming together with the specified panels of the cavity, equipped with airtight elastic hollow elements with inlet channels equipped with a unidirectional valve, and ventilation holes are made in the front and rear panels, in which adjustable louvered grilles are integrated, connected with an electric drive for their movement to prevent heat transfer of heated flows, while the electric drive is connected to an automatic control system for the cooling of permafrost soil, including an air temperature sensor installed in the cavity of the enclosing module, an input device connected to the sensor for converting an analog signal into digital, a reprogrammable software unit permanent storage device (PROM) connected to the specified input device and to the output device for converting a digital signal into an analog one, and the output device is connected to the electric drive of adjustable louvres (RF patent No. 2728004 C1, priority date 02/03/2020, publication date 07/28/2020 , authors: Klimov A.S., Stepanyan A.S., RU).

The disadvantage of the known analogue is its low efficiency, due to the large snow transfer through the adjustable built-in single-row louvered grilles into the ventilated underground of the building, and the duration of the automatic control system for the cooling process of the permafrost, which leads to its thawing.

A spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost soil is known, taken as a prototype, including interconnected upper and lower slabs, which are connected by reinforced concrete trusses, diagonal or diagonal or beams, cross connections are installed between the trusses or beams in the transverse direction, and between the upper and lower slabs an underground ventilated in all directions is formed. At the same time, the platform is made temperature-controlled and contains enclosing wooden glued panels along the perimeter, forming a closed space with the indicated reinforced concrete slabs, and in all wooden glued panels there are built-in adjustable louvered grilles with an electric drive for their movement, which is associated with an automatic control system for the cooling process of permafrost soil, including sensors temperatures set in the soil mass along the perimeter of the platform, an ambient air temperature sensor installed in the ventilated underground, an input device associated with the sensors for converting an analog signal into a digital one, a reprogrammable read-only memory unit (PROM) connected to the input unit and to the output device for converting a digital signal into an analog one, and the output device is connected with an electric drive of adjustable louvered grilles and with thermoelectric modules in the form of a battery of Peltier elements installed around the perimeter on a surface of the lower reinforced concrete slab of the foundation platform (RF patent No. 2706495 C1, priority date 06/18/2019, publication date 11/19/2019, authors: Klimov A.S. and others, RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is its low efficiency due to the duration of the process of freezing permafrost soil in natural conditions, which is due, firstly, to the low efficiency of the system for automatically controlling platform elements due to the imperfect structure of the reprogrammable read-only memory (PROM) block that forms the control signals with a low degree of accuracy to reduce current errors to zero, and secondly, a high probability of snow transfer through single-row built-in adjustable louvres into the ventilated underground of the building.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of the cooling process of permafrost soils by providing an effective device for automatically controlling platform elements by using the structure of a logical fuzzy controller in order to generate more accurate control signals, reduce the duration of the freezing process of permafrost soil in natural conditions and prevent heavy snow transfer. into the ventilated underground of the building.

To solve the technical problem, a prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost soil is proposed, made thermally controlled, containing interconnected upper and lower slabs, which are connected by diagonal or non-braced reinforced concrete trusses or beams, cross connections are installed between the trusses or beams in the transverse direction, and between the upper and the bottom slabs form a ventilated in all directions ventilated underground with a temperature-controlled function and an air temperature sensor installed in it, while along the perimeter the foundation platform contains enclosing glued wooden panels that form a closed space with the indicated reinforced concrete slabs, and adjustable louvres are built into all wooden glued panels grids with an electric drive for their movement, which is associated with an automatic control system for the cooling of permafrost soil. What is new is that the adjustable louvered grilles are made in two rows, respectively, with vertical and horizontal arrangement of their lamellae and with the ability to perceive wind flows and prevent snow transfer, while the system for automatically controlling the cooling process of permafrost contains a sensor of the angular position of the vertical plane of the lamellas installed on the corresponding lamellas and sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the slats. In addition, the control unit that generates the control signals is made in the form of a logical fuzzy controller, which contains a phaser with three inputs connected in series, a processing unit and a dephasifier. Wherein the sensor of the angular position of the vertical plane of the lamellas is connected to the first input of the phasifier, the sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the lamellas is connected to the second input of the fasifier, the ambient temperature sensor is connected to the third input of the fasifier. The fuzzifier, which is a converter that provides the translation of the initial data from the mentioned sensors into the values of linguistic variables, is associated with a processing unit that implements fuzzy inference procedures on the set of production rules that make up the knowledge base of the control system, and generates output linguistic values for the associated defuzzifier that provides translation linguistic values into the exact values of the results of calculations and generating control signals applied to influence the electric drive associated with the slats of the vertical and horizontal planes of the double-row louvered grilles to reduce the current errors to zero.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, section A-A in Fig. one; in fig. Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the automatic control system for platform elements for the process of cooling permafrost soils.

The inventive prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost is made on the basis of the invention according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2706495 C1, including the upper and lower slabs combined with each other, which are connected by reinforced concrete trusses with diagonal or non-diagonal or beams, cross connections are installed between the trusses or beams in the transverse direction, and between the upper and lower plates, a ventilated underground is formed in all directions. Enclosing wooden glued panels are installed along the perimeter of the platform, forming a closed space with reinforced concrete slabs. In all enclosing wooden glued panels installed with the ability to perceive wind currents and prevent snow transfer, adjustable double-row louvered grilles 1 are built-in, made respectively with vertical and horizontal arrangement of their lamellas. At the same time, the spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform contains an automatic control system for the elements of the platform for the process of cooling permafrost soils, including an angular position sensor of the vertical plane of the lamellas 2 installed on the corresponding lamellas, having an error indicator and switches of the stabilized angle setter, and an angular position sensor of the horizontal plane of the lamellas 3, having error indicator and stabilized angle setter switches, ambient temperature sensor 4 installed in the ventilated underground. Each sensor installed in the appropriate place is connected to the phasifier 5, which has three inputs connected to the corresponding sensors 2, 3 and 4. The phasifier 5 and the processing unit 6 and the dephasifier 7 connected in series with it form the structure of a logical fuzzy controller that generates control signals at the output. signals applied to act on the electric drive 8 associated with the slats of the vertical and horizontal planes of the double-row louvered grilles 1.

The following well-known elements and blocks can be used to implement the invention:

- adjustable double-row louvered grilles 1, for example .ru%2Fimages%2Fcompanies%2F 1%2Fuserfiles%2F04_ARDR_KRV(1).jpg&rpt=s image, viewed on 01/06/2022);

- angular position sensor of the vertical plane of the slats 2, for example (https://zetlab.com/product-category/datchiki/datchiki-peremeshheniya/uglovyie-datchiki-polozheniya/, viewed on 01/06/2022), having an error indicator and switches setter of stabilized angle;

- angular position sensor of the horizontal plane of the slats 3, for example (https://zetlab.com/product-category/datchiki/datchiki-peremeshheniya/uglovyie-datchiki-polozheniya/, viewed on 01/06/2022), with an error indicator and switches setter of stabilized angle;

- ambient temperature sensor 4, e.g.

- fasifier 5, for example (https://yandex.ru/images/search?text=block%20fasifier%20photo&lr=62, viewed on 01/06/2022);

- processing unit 6, e.g.

- defuzzifier 7, e.g.

Prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost operates as follows.

During operation of the prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost soil, the sensor of the angular position of the vertical plane of the lamellas 2 generates an error signal proportional to the deviation of the angle of movement of air flows from the specified optimal values. The error signal comes from the output of the sensor of the angular position of the vertical plane of the slats 2 to the first input of the fasifier 5. The sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the slats 3 generates an error signal proportional to the deviation of the angle of movement of air flows from the specified optimal values. The error signal comes from the output of the sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the slats 3 to the second input of the phasifier 5. The ambient temperature sensor 4 generates an error signal proportional to the deviation of the ambient temperature from the specified optimal values. The error signal comes from the output of the ambient temperature sensor 4 to the third input of the phasifier 5. The phasifier 5 translates the initial data from the sensors into the values of linguistic variables for the processing unit 6. The processing unit 6 implements fuzzy inference procedures on a set of production rules that make up the knowledge base of the control system, resulting in the formation of output linguistic values for the defuzzifier 7. The defuzzifier 7 translates the linguistic values into the exact values of the calculation results and generates control signals applied to act on the electric drive 8 associated with the slats of the vertical and horizontal planes of the double-row louvered grilles 1, to reduce the current errors to zero. The duration and frequency of control signals depends on the magnitude of the error.

The technical result achieved by the invention is to reduce the duration of the process of freezing permafrost in natural conditions and to prevent heavy snow transfer into the ventilated underground of the building by increasing the efficiency of the device for automatically controlling platform elements due to the possibility of generating more accurate control signals that provide optimal process conditions. cooling.

Claims (1)

A prefabricated spatial reinforced concrete foundation platform on permafrost, made temperature-controlled, containing interconnected upper and lower slabs, which are connected by diagonal or non-braced reinforced concrete trusses or beams, cross ties are installed between the trusses or beams in the transverse direction, and a ventilated slab is formed between the upper and lower slabs. in all directions, a ventilated underground with a temperature-controlled function and an air temperature sensor installed in it, while along the perimeter the foundation platform contains enclosing wooden glued panels, forming a closed space with the indicated reinforced concrete slabs, and all wooden glued panels have built-in adjustable louvered grilles with an electric drive for their movement , which is associated with an automatic control system for the cooling process of permafrost, characterized in that the adjustable louvered grilles are made in two rows, respectively with vertical and horizontal arrangement of their slats and with the ability to perceive wind flows and prevent snow transfer, while the automatic control system for the cooling of permafrost soil contains an angular position sensor of the vertical plane of the slats and a sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the slats installed on the corresponding slats, in addition, a control unit , which generates control signals, is made in the form of a logical fuzzy controller, which contains a phasifier with three inputs, a processing unit and a dephasifier connected in series with each other, while the sensor of the angular position of the vertical plane of the lamellas is connected to the first input of the phasifier, the sensor of the angular position of the horizontal plane of the lamellas is connected to the second input of the phasifier, the ambient temperature sensor is connected to the third input of the phasifier, and the phasifier, which is a converter that provides the conversion of the initial data from the mentioned sensors into values of linguistic variables is associated with a processing unit that implements fuzzy inference procedures on a set of production rules that make up the knowledge base of the control system, and generates output linguistic values for the associated defuzzifier, which ensures the translation of linguistic values into exact values of the calculation results and generates control signals supplied for influencing the electric drive associated with the lamellas of the vertical and horizontal planes of double-row louvered grilles to reduce the current errors to zero.

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