US1645611A - Sanatorium - Google Patents

Description

oct. 18 1927 16456 M. MEDERR 11 SANATORIUM Filed sept. 2a, 1926 s sheets-sheet 2 l25121.96 Mederef. A

E f lfloizumq m E m ,A H@ H .lwllmu Q Emwmtl MH Uil Oct, 1 A 1,645,611 18 927' M.. MEDERER g SANATORIUM Filed sept. 28. v192e; 5 sheets-sheet s g1/mento@ l Z attorneys' Patented Oct. 18, 1927.

UNITED STATES v1,645,61i PATENT OFFICE.

MAX MEDERER, OF BLOEMFONTEIN, SOUTH AFRICA.

SANATORUM.

Application filed September 28, 1926, Serial No. 138,294, and in Germany January 19, 1825.

The object of this invention is to provide a building` of such construction that sick or disabled persons may obtain relief therein from climatic conditions and by sojourning for a suliicient period recover their health.

The invent-ion seeks to provide a structure whereby all natural light will be excluded and high temperatures result-ing` from dir ect sunlight will be rendered harmless. Theunveiition is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be hereinafter fully set forth.

ln the drawings: I

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a building embodying my invention Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line QHQ of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 4 is a detail section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3, and t i Figs. 5 and 6 are diagrammatic plan views of modifications.

In carrying out the invention, there is first provided a foundation of -concrete or other permanent material which is carried a sintable distance above the ground level, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 8. Upon this foundation, there is erected an inner wall 24 0 which, in Figs. 1 and 3, .defines .a singlerectangular room. A fiat roof 24 is carried by the wall 24, and this roof is preferably con` structed of reinforced concrete, while the wall is of brick or other preferred material. The inner wall Q4 is spaced from the sides and ends of the foundation and around the said inner wall is erected an outer wall 4 which is spaced from the inner wall rthroughout its extent, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and this outer wall may be constructed with a wing 3 cooperating with an inner wing 16 to define an entrance lobby 1. The-.walls 3 and 1G are spaced apart and parallel, )ust the same as the walls 4 and 24, and at the fiont of the building they are connected by walls 2O and 21 defining a hall 19, a door 6 being located in and normally extending across said hall. Cross walls 26 and 27 connect the walls 4 and 24 at the back of the lobby 1 to define a hall connecting the lobby with the inner room 2, and in which is a door 5 normally extending thereacross. it will be seen that the space 17, between the walls 3 and 16, and the space 25, between the walls 4 and 24 are closed at the bottom and all vertical sides so that they provide heat insulasection on the line 3 3 tion for the structure. rlhrough the outer wall at the juncture of the same with the foundation, l form openings 8O which are relatively small and extend in a horizontal` seri-es entirely around the building, louveis 8 being' provided in the openings. Upon the entire area of the foundation which is bordered by the outer wall, I place bricks l0 in rows and in spaced relation to the wall and to each other, the bricks in adjacent rows being staggered and a central space being left clear, as indicated atll. A reinforced concrete fioor 13 is laid upon the bricks or blocks l0 so that there results a multiplicity of covered channels extending from the openings to the spacesll, under the lobby and the inner room :2 respectively. Set in the floor are gratings 14 andl through which the air is permitted to pass into` the build ing.

liiin'iediately below the roof 24a, openings 280 are formed through the inner wall and louversQS are located in .said openings, siniilar openings equipped with louvers 9 being formed throughthe outer wall at the top thereof. lt will be noted that theouter wall extends some distance above the inner wall and an outer roof 4 of reinforced concrete is carried by the outer wall, an air space being thus formed over the entire inner roof. A gutter 4b to carry oif rain water is provided at the edges of the outer roof, and at the center of said roof is a draft flue 4 whereby a positive vent is provided and the desired air circulation .set up within the building. Battles 4d within the draft flue prevent choking thereof by birds without interfering with the outflow of foul air.

The two structures may, of course, be

built of brick or reinforced concrete orV other material which is suliiciently durable and weather-resisting and the walls will be of such thickness as to eifectually resist the transmission of heat or cold so that an even comfortable temperature will be maintained within the inner structure.

Inasinuch as heated air naturally rises, there is generally a layer of cool air iininediately at the ground surface in all localities and under all conditions. This air stratum will flow through the inlet openings 80 of the outer wall and circulate through the passages between the bricks or blocks 10 to the spaces 11 and gratings 14 and 15, and thence enter the rooms. The air will escape through the openings 280 and 90 and the flue Llc. ,and .thus a -constant circulation of air will be automatically .established through Y the building so that the rooms will be thoroughly ventilated, but inasmuch as the structure is devoid of Windows or other openings, except the minimum number of doors needed to afford access to the rooms, .anda very substantial airspace is provided by and between the inner and outer Walls, the temperature 4inthe rooms of the inner building will be even and mainained .at such degree as may Vbe desired to nieetfthevneeds of any patient. The several openings or passages providing for a circulation of air may be `equipped With any approved form of cut-oft' `devices or temperature measuringand controlling linstrumentalities so that the desired temperature may be easily attained. The particular form or floor plan of the buildings may b'evaried at will but in all casesithe Walls-and partitions should be suihciently thick to be sound-proof and to prevent the transmission of heat so that a patient occupying any room will 4be assured of suchquiet .and freedom from disturbances as are conducive to recovery. The buil-ding may be advantageously utilized in all climates and vis especially eilicient in tropical climates.

ln Figs. l. 2 .and 3, I have shown a building` having a single room in addition to the lobby vor office. In Fig. 5, .there is shown an arrangement in whichthere is a room 3l at the rear of thelobbyQQ .zandrooms and Vat the respect-ivesidesfof the lobby. lnner Walls 33 and outer Wallsldefine ani-air space 35 ,surrounding each AIand all :of Athe rooms, and define narrow7 halls leading from the outside into the lobby and from the lobby to the several rooms. Doors 36, 37, 38 and 39 control theY several halls. A grating 4() is located in the floor of each room at the center thereof.

ln Fig. 6, the lobby 411' is located at one end of along' corridor 4-2 and-rooms la are located along vboth sides of the corridor, separate doors controlling the entrance to the rooms.v Entrance to the lobbyis had through a door Ll5 and a door le controls the passage from the lobby to the corridor. A grating"el?V is provided at the center of each room.

Having thus described the invention, l claim:

A structure for the purpose set forth comprising an outer building 'having air inletV openings through its Wall immediately adjacent the bottom thereof, and airoutlet openings .through its Wall .immediately adjacent the roof, an inner building spaced throughout from the outer building` and containing rooms, the Wall of the inner building being provided With outlet openings immediately `adjaceint its roof, a floor common to the tivo buildings having openings therethrough into the centers of the respective rooms in the inner building, and elements below the floor defining' passages leading from the air inlets of the outer building to said openings in the floor.

yln testimony whereof l aflix my signature.

MAX MEDERER. [L s]

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