RU2784278C1 - Device for cutting a slot on the walls of mine workings for the slot discharge method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: geomechanics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to geomechanics and is intended for cutting a relief gap in the concrete lining of mine workings and unloading a rock mass for the method for slot unloading. The device contains a template made of a metal channel, at the two ends of the lintel of which there are holes for connecting it with anchors. Holes are made in the shelves of the template in the order in which, when drilling a hole, the next hole should go into the previous one by 1/3 of its diameter, in addition, the device includes a guide platform, also made of a metal channel, to the shelves of which scarves are welded on both sides, in which holes are made for articulating it by means of studs with a template. Plates with half-holes are welded to the ends of the guide platform on both sides, which ensure the straightness of drilling the hole.

EFFECT: proposed design of the device for cutting the unloading gap on the walls of the mine working and on the surface of the rock mass for the method for slot unloading is reliable in operation, allows to work in rocks with a rock hardness coefficient according to M.M. Protodyakonov f=19 and obtain reliable results of field observations.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to geomechanics and is intended for cutting a relief gap in the concrete lining of mine workings and unloading the rock mass by slot discharge, followed by measuring linear deformations that occur in the rock mass as a result of natural static dynamic loads, as well as mechanical loading, blasting in the process of conducting mining operations.

A device for measuring deformations on the walls of a mine working by the method of slot discharge (Vloh N.P. Management of rock pressure in underground mines. The method of slot discharge. - M., 1994, - p. 27-28), including a template for drilling slots with holes for the benchmark, the benchmark is removable collet type, having a polished dial indicator socket on the lateral outer part.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for measuring deformations on the walls of a mine working by the method of slot unloading (RU No. 2311534, published on November 27, 2007), containing a template with holes for drilling a slot, spacer-supporting wedges and a crossbar with two holes placed in the extreme holes of the template , in which two removable benchmarks are placed, each of which is made in the form of two detachable metal wedges, and one of them has a polished socket for the dial indicator rod on the side. A longitudinal track of concave segments is applied on the inner side of the metal wedge with a polished socket on the lateral outer part, and a ball stopper is installed on the inner side of the second metal wedge, made in the form of a ball, a spring and a threaded plug.

The disadvantage of the device lies in the fact that when using such a template with holes leads to the appearance of partitions in the unloading gap after cutting, and also does not take into account the geometry of the surface of the array. This template can only be used on conditionally smooth surfaces of the rock mass and walls of the mine working, which is reflected in the inaccuracy of measurements of linear deformations on the wall of the mine working and in the rock mass.

The objective of the invention is to expand the arsenal of devices for cutting the discharge gap on the walls of a mine working for the method of slot discharge, which allows obtaining the correct geometric shape of the discharge gap, reliable in operation and allowing to improve the accuracy of measurements.

The technical result of the invention consists in creating a device for cutting an unloading gap on the walls of a mine working for the slot unloading method, which makes it possible to obtain the correct geometric shape of the unloading gap with the exception of partitions in it, thereby increasing the accuracy of deformation measurements, as well as reliable and easy to operate.

The problem is solved with the help of the proposed device for cutting an unloading slot on the walls of a mine working for the method of slot unloading, containing a template with holes for drilling a slot, moreover, the template is made of a metal channel, at the two ends of the jumper of which there are holes for connecting it with anchors, and holes are made in the shelves of the template, in the order in which, when drilling a hole, the next hole should go into the previous one by 1/3 of its diameter, in addition, the device includes a guide pad, also made of a metal channel, to the shelves of which kerchiefs are welded on both sides. holes for articulating it by means of studs with a template, in addition, plates with semi-holes are welded to the ends of the guide platform on both sides, ensuring the straightness of drilling the hole.

The device allows you to get both vertical and horizontal unloading gap.

The proposed device for cutting the unloading gap on the walls of mine workings for the method of slot unloading has the following new features:

- the template is made of a metal channel, at the two ends of the jumper of which there are holes for connecting it with anchors, which makes the structure rigid;

- holes are made in the shelves of the template, in the order in which, when drilling a hole, the next hole should go into the previous one by 1/3 of its diameter, which makes it possible to obtain the correct geometric shape of the unloading gap without partitions;

- a guide platform, also made of a metal channel, to the shelves of which kerchiefs are welded on both sides, in which holes are made for articulating it by means of studs with a template, and plates with floor holes are welded to the ends of the guide platform on both sides, ensuring the perpendicularity of drilling the hole.

The listed new distinguishing features of the device significantly improve its rigidity, reliability, ensure the stability of the position of the template in the horizontal and vertical plane, which is important for cutting the unloading gap on the walls of mine workings for the slot unloading method.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

Fig. 1 - general view of the device;

Fig. 2 - a) front view of the device, c) side view of the device section A-A;

Fig. 3, 4, 5 - the sequence of application of the device.

The device contains (Figure 1) anchor 1, sleeve 2, washer 3, nut 4, locknut 5, template 6 with holes 7, guide pad 8 with scarves 9 with holes in them, plates 10 with half holes, fixing pins, 11, 12, 13,14.

The device works as follows.

When cutting the unloading gap on the walls of mine workings for the method of slot unloading, before starting work on the wall of the mine working, mark the axis of the unloading gap and set three pairs of benchmarks, symmetrically with respect to the gap being drilled on each side, three benchmarks and make initial measurements between the three pairs of benchmarks with a dial indicator (Fig. 3).

Then, two holes are drilled perpendicular to the plane of the support or rock mass, with a depth and diameter, depending on the standard size of the drilling mining equipment used, and anchors 1, pointed at the front, are inserted into the holes and wedged at the mouth of the holes with metal wedges.

After the anchors 1 are wedged in the boreholes, bushings 2 are inserted onto the anchors 1 and a template 6 is hung on them through the holes in the jumpers (Fig. 4), while the template 6 faces the shelves to the array and exposes it strictly in a vertical or horizontal plane using a cylindrical level which allows drilling on any uneven surface. Template 6 through anchor 1 and bushings 2 is rigidly fixed with washer 3, nut 4 and locknut 5. After fixing template 6 on the wall of the mine working, it is articulated with the guide platform 8 through gussets 9, rigidly fixing it with two pins 11.13. On the guide pad 8 through the two half-holes of the plates 10, a drilling device rod is installed and fixed with pins 12 and 14, which ensures the perpendicularity of the hole drilling.

After that, the device is ready to work. They start drilling holes with a mine perforator. After drilling the first hole, the guide pad 8 is moved to the next one hole 7 in the template shelf 6. Further, all operations continue until the last hole 7 located in the template shelf 6.

After cutting the discharge slot on the walls of the mine workings, the device for cutting the discharge slot (Fig. 1) is removed and the second measurements are made between three pairs of benchmarks with a dial indicator (Fig. 5).

Example (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5).

Before starting work, the axis of the vertical unloading gap was marked on the wall of the mine working and three pairs of benchmarks were installed, symmetrically relative to the vertical axis of the slot being drilled, three benchmarks on each side, and initial measurements were made between the three pairs of benchmarks with a dial indicator.

Then, the upper and lower points (the distance between the holes at the ends of the template jumper) were marked on the axis for drilling two holes with a depth of 1.0 m and a diameter of 34-42 mm. Anchors 1 were inserted into the boreholes, pointed at the front and wedged at the mouth of the boreholes with metal wedges.

After wedging the anchors 1 in the boreholes, bushings 2 were inserted on them and then a template 6 was hung through the holes in the lower and upper parts of the lintel. Template 6 was installed with shelves facing the wall of the mine working. Template 6 through anchor 1 and bushings 2 was rigidly fixed with washer 3, nut 4 and locknut 5 on the wall of the mine working and the guide pad 8 was articulated with it through gussets 9, rigidly fixing it from above and below with two studs 11.13. A drill rod was installed on the guide pad 8 through two half-holes of the plates 10 and fixed in the vertical plane with pins 12 and 14, which ensured the perpendicularity of the hole drilling. Further, holes were drilled with a mine perforator from the bottom up. After drilling the first hole, the guide pad 8 was moved up by one hole 7 in the template shelf 6 and drilling continued by moving the guide platform 8 to the top hole 7 in the template shelf 6.

The resulting unloading gap using the proposed device is a geometrically regular shape without partitions, which increases the accuracy of measurements of deformations in the rock mass.

The proposed design of the device for cutting the unloading gap on the walls of the mine working and on the surface of the rock mass for the method of slot unloading is reliable in operation, allows you to work not only in soft rocks, but also in rocks with a hardness coefficient of rocks according to M.M. Protodyakonov f=19 and obtain reliable results of field observations.

Claims (1)

A device for cutting an unloading slot on the walls of a mine working for the method of slot unloading, containing a template with holes for drilling a slot, characterized in that the template is made of a metal channel, at the two ends of the jumper of which there are holes for connecting it with anchors, and in the shelves of the template holes in the order in which, when drilling a hole, the next hole should go into the previous one by 1/3 of its diameter, in addition, the device includes a guide platform, also made of a metal channel, to the shelves of which scarves are welded on both sides, in which holes are made for its articulation by means of studs with a template, in addition, plates with half-holes are welded to the ends of the guide platform on both sides, ensuring the straightness of drilling the hole.

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