RU2783765C1 - Inflatable combined boat and method for its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicles on water, in particular to inflatable combined boats and a method for their manufacture, intended for operation, including in shallow water conditions. The combined inflatable boat includes a U-shaped hull in plan, formed by an open contour of the inflatable sides and bow, as well as a bottom attached to the hull, while at least part of the bottom is made rigid. The inflatable sides and the bottom are located so that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sides and the bottom plane of more than 0 degrees does not exceed 10 degrees from the midship to the stern. The bottom has a water tunnel in the aft part, in the profile of which at least two walls are flat surfaces located at an obtuse angle to the upper wall.

EFFECT: ensuring easy and reliable passage of the boat both in water and in low-water and waterless areas of reservoirs, while maintaining the reliability of the boat design.

21 cl, 13 dwg

Description

Technical field

[one] The present invention relates to vehicles on water, in particular to inflatable combined boats designed for operation, including in shallow water conditions.

State of the art

[2] The existing boats used for boating and outdoor activities such as rafting have a significant limitation. The outboard motor (engine) installed on existing boats is a water propeller. The normal operation of such a propeller is ensured by its location below the bottom of the boat, which limits its use in shallow water conditions and in waterless areas of reservoirs.

[3] Often, boats with a water tunnel are made to eliminate this limitation. Its presence allows you to install the outboard above the bottom of the boat, which, in turn, makes it possible to operate the boat in shallow water. However, operation of boats in shallow waters and waterless areas of water bodies can still damage the structure of the boat, which is why such boats should also be made more durable and adapted to extreme conditions.

[four] Known patent RU 2711524 C1 (publ. 01/17/2020; IPC: B63B 7/082), which discloses an inflatable motor boat, in which the hull consists of a U-shaped inflatable balloon and a bottom connecting the opposite sides of the specified inflatable balloon. The inflatable balloon and the bottom are made of elastic material. A fastening element is located on the lower outer surface of the inflatable balloon, which makes it possible to install a removable hard bottom on the specified boat. A removable rigid bottom for an inflatable motor boat contains a one-piece body, the side edges of which, at least for part of its length, are located at an angle to the outer surface of the bottom body adjacent to them and are made with the possibility of removable placement in a fastener located on the lower outer surface of the inflatable cylinder of the specified boat. The first disadvantage of the analogue is that the bottom of the boat is made of inflatable elastic material, and fasteners are located on the inflatable sides for additional fastening of the rigid bottom. This increases the complexity of the production of the boat, because. it is necessary to provide for the manufacture of two types of bottom, as well as special fasteners. Also, during the operation of the boat in extreme conditions, the fasteners can be damaged or broken due to their location in the lower part of the boat. Also in the analogue, the lower part of the bottom is much lower in height than the lower part of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. It also increases the draft of the stern both in dynamics and in statics. Another disadvantage of the analogue is that it does not provide additional protection for inflatable balloons. It also significantly reduces the reliability of the boat when operating in shallow or waterless areas. Also, the lack of a water tunnel complicates the passage of dry sections of rivers.

[5] Also known is the invention according to the application WO 2013184027 A1 (publ. 12.12.2013; IPC: B63B 7/00; B63B 3/08), which discloses a combined rigid inflatable motor boat. It includes a U-shaped inflatable balloon, glued along the perimeter of the boat to the sections of the rigid hull and to the fastening strips between the sections and forming a sealed structure, where the rigid sectional hull is the power element. Coupling device dampers ensure the removal of critical loads on the docking unit between sections that occur when the boat moves due to multidirectional wave loads. The first disadvantage of the analogue is that the bottom consists of several sections, i.e. done sectional. This significantly reduces the reliability of the boat when operating in extreme conditions, such as in shallow water or waterless areas. Also in the analogue for fastening the bottom sections to each other, strips of elastic waterproof material and tie-down devices equipped with dampers are used. This greatly increases the complexity of boat production. Another disadvantage of the analogue is that the boat does not provide additional protection for inflatable balloons. It also greatly reduces the boat's reliability when operating in shallow or waterless areas. Also, the lack of a water tunnel complicates the passage of dry sections of rivers.

[6] Patent RU 87139 U1 (publ. 27.09.2009; IPC: B63B 7/08) discloses a rigid inflatable motor boat containing a rigid hull and a U-shaped inflatable balloon enclosing it, characterized in that the inflatable balloon in the middle part of the hull the boat is made with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the rest of the balloon, while the parts of the inflatable balloon with a smaller diameter are connected with the rest of the balloon by means of transitional sections, in addition, the parts of the inflatable balloon with a reduced diameter are located so that the centers of symmetry of their cross sections are displaced in plan relative to the centers of symmetry of the cross-sections of the adjacent parts of the balloon towards the working surfaces of the boat, and the boat is equipped with removable or permanent overhead parts of the board in the areas of the parts of the inflatable balloon with a reduced diameter. The first disadvantage of the analog is that the inflatable boards are made with a variable section, which complicates their production. Also in the analogue, the lower part of the bottom is much lower in height than the lower part of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. Another disadvantage of the analogue is that it does not provide additional protection for inflatable balloons. It also greatly reduces the boat's reliability when operating in shallow or waterless areas. Also, the lack of a water tunnel complicates the passage of dry sections of rivers.

[7] Patent RU 2762214 C1 (published on 12/16/2021; IPC: B63B 7/085; B63B 5/24) describes an invention related to shipbuilding, namely to the technology of manufacturing a rigid bottom for small boats with inflatable sides. For the manufacture of a rigid bottom for a motor boat with inflatable sides, molding on a matrix of a rigid bottom body from layers of a composite material interconnected by layers of a plastic base (compound) is used. The outer part of the bottom of the boat made of layers of composite material is protected by an additional armored plastic shell. The armored plastic shell is made from several fragments of low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE) sheet, repeating the shape of the bottom of the boat from layers of composite material, which are first fixed with fasteners on the composite bottom, and then welded together along the lines of the fragments. EFFECT: reduction in the cost of operating costs and increase in the life of the boat. The first disadvantage is that the entire bottom of the boat is lower in height than the bottom of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. It also increases the draft of the stern both in dynamics and in statics. The second disadvantage is that the analogue does not provide additional protection for inflatable balloons. It also greatly reduces the boat's reliability when operating in shallow or waterless areas. Another drawback is that in the manufacture of the bottom of the boat, molding on the matrix of the rigid bottom body from layers of composite materials is used. Molding creates stretching of the polymer, which induces stresses in the structure. This, in turn, reduces the strength of the entire body.

[eight] Known patent RU 2715248 C1 (published on February 26, 2020; IPC: B63B 5/24; B63B 59/00; B63B 7/08), which describes a method for manufacturing a composite rigid bottom for a motor boat with inflatable sides, including molding on rigid bottom body matrix made of layers of composite material interconnected by layers of a plastic base (compound), wherein the outer part of the molded body is completely or partially covered with an armoring layer of monolithic polycarbonate. The technical result consists in improving the operational characteristics of the boat, increasing the manufacturability of the manufacture of the bottom of the boat. The first disadvantage of the analogue is that the bottom of the boat in cross section is made in the form of an angular broken line in the lower part. This makes the bottom of the boat less slippery and, as a result, makes it more difficult for the spoon to pass through shallow water and waterless areas. Another disadvantage is that in the manufacture of the bottom of the boat, molding on the matrix of the rigid bottom body from layers of composite materials is used. Molding creates stretching of the polymer, which induces stresses in the structure. This, in turn, reduces the strength of the entire body.

[9] Also known is patent RU 196948 U1 (publ. 03/23/2020; IPC: B63B 7/082), which discloses a device for protecting the bottom and sides of an inflatable boat. It contains protective sheets connected to each other, formed in the form of a bottom, having a continuation by bends for a part of the height of the side boards and the bow bend of the inflatable boat, without forming a stern part, having means of fastening to the sides of the inflatable boat, characterized in that the protective sheets form several layers, among which there is a layer of elastic non-wetting material in the form of a deformation gasket located between the layers of sheets and clamped between them by a threaded connection at several points, while the protective sheets of the outer layer are made of polyethylene, there are stiffening ribs for shaping the layers of protective sheets. The first disadvantage is that the protective layer is made in the form of a bottom and does not go around the inflatable balloons, i. does not adhere to them over their entire surface. Because of this, the boat becomes angular at the bottom, which makes it difficult to navigate through shallow water and waterless areas. Also, the disadvantage of such a device is that the protective layer is made of a plurality of folded sheets of different materials. This significantly increases the weight of the boat and the cost of its production.

[ten] Known boat, described in the application US 5228407 A (publ. 20.07.1993, IPC: B63B 7/08). The ridged inflatable boat is provided with cavities formed on the outer side of the hull between the hull and the surrounding air tube, while fasteners designed either to hold the air tube or above-deck fasteners can pass through the hull, deck or gunkit without puncturing the air tube. Firstly, the high deadrise of the boat significantly reduces its suitability for operation in shallow water or in waterless sections of rivers. Due to the deadrise, the lower part of the bottom is also much lower in height than the lower part of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. It also increases the draft of the stern both in dynamics and in statics. Moreover, the implementation of a water tunnel with a pentagonal section, closed from below, also reduces the operational properties of the boat in shallow water and waterless sections of rivers. Another disadvantage is the lack of a protective layer on the cylinders of the boat, which reduces the reliability of the boat when operating in extreme conditions.

[eleven] A boat is known according to patent EP 3160835 B1 (published on May 3, 2017; IPC: B63B 7/08). A semi-rigid inflatable boat contains an inflatable gunwale, a flexible fore part of the hull and a rigid part of the hull, which can be located behind the flexible fore part of the hull, permanently interconnected. The semi-rigid inflatable boat may further comprise a flexible hull portion positioned behind the rigid hull portion. The flexible body portions may be inflatable and in some embodiments comprise an air cell design, but in preferred embodiments they comprise a cut stitch structure which makes them substantially rigid when inflated. Firstly, the high deadrise of the boat significantly reduces its suitability for operation in shallow water or in waterless sections of rivers. Due to the deadrise, the lower part of the bottom is also much lower in height than the lower part of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. It also increases the draft of the stern both in dynamics and in statics. Another disadvantage is the lack of a protective layer on the cylinders of the boat, which reduces the reliability of the boat when operating in extreme conditions. Also, the absence of a water tunnel reduces the operational properties of the boat in shallow water and waterless sections of rivers. The fact that the bottom in the bow of the boat is not made of rigid material and is not reinforced reduces the reliability of the boat in shallow water and in waterless sections of rivers.

[12] A boat is known according to the application US 20210323638 A1 (published 10/21/2021; IPC: B63B 7/08; B63B 34/22). A rigid inflatable boat (RIB) includes a strong hull and an inflatable tube, which is part of the gunwale. The boat comprises a tubular air filling system with an air duct connected to the air exhaust system, and a pipe, the air duct extending along at least a part of the pipe. The strong body includes a gunwale part forming a gunwale part, where the air duct is enclosed in a gunwale part. One of the disadvantages of the analogue is that the lower part of the bottom is much lower in height than the lower part of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. It also increases the draft of the stern both in dynamics and in statics. Also, the absence of a water tunnel reduces the operational properties of the boat in shallow water and waterless sections of rivers. Another disadvantage is the lack of a protective layer on the cylinders of the boat, which reduces the reliability of the boat when operating in extreme conditions.

[13] A boat is also known under patent US 7305931 B1 (publ. 12/11/2007; IPC: B63B 7/06). The first disadvantage is that the lower part of the bottom is much lower in height than the lower part of the cylinders. Because of this, the cylinders do not participate in the operation of the entire hull while the boat is moving through shallow water or waterless areas, and therefore, the bottom is overloaded, which reduces its reliability in extreme conditions. Also, the lack of a water tunnel complicates the passage of dry sections of rivers. Another disadvantage is that the cylinders are attached to the hull of the boat using a system of fasteners. When operating the boat in extreme conditions, such a mount may be unreliable.

The essence of the invention

[fourteen] The objective of the present invention is to develop an inflatable combined boat, as well as a method for its manufacture, providing easy and reliable passage of the boat both in water and in shallow and waterless areas of water bodies, while maintaining the reliability of the boat design.

[fifteen] This task is achieved due to such a technical result as an increase in the mechanical strength of the boat, as well as providing the ability to operate the boat both in water and in shallow and waterless areas of reservoirs, i.e. both at large and shallow depths, at different speeds, while maintaining the reliability of the boat design. The specified technical result is achieved including, but not limited to, due to:

• low deadrise or deadrise of the boat;

• a combination of inflatable sides and bottom, at least part of which is rigid;

• the geometry of the water tunnel, which is expressed, among other things, in a small angle of inclination of the upper wall of the water tunnel, not exceeding 10 degrees;

• the possibility of attaching the bottom to the inflatable boards along two lines located on the surface of the inflatable boards;

• the presence of a protective layer on the bottom surface of the boat;

• implementation of a protective layer in the form of the lower surface of the sides and the bottom of the boat;

• such a mutual arrangement of the inflatable sides and the bottom that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sides and the bottom plane does not exceed 10 degrees from the midship to the stern.

[16] More fully, the technical result is achieved by an inflatable combined boat, including a U-shaped hull in plan, formed by an open contour of inflatable sides and a bow, a bottom attached to the hull. Moreover, at least part of the bottom is made rigid. The inflatable sides and the bottom are located so that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sides and the bottom plane of more than 0 degrees does not exceed 10 degrees from the midship to the stern. At the same time, the bottom has a water tunnel in the aft part, in the profile of which at least two walls are flat surfaces located at an obtuse angle to the upper wall.

[17] The U-shaped hull in plan, formed by an open contour of the inflatable sides and the bow, provides a sufficiently high degree of hydro- and aerodynamics of the hull. The fact that the bottom of the hull has at least one rigid part ensures greater mechanical strength of the bottom, as well as the reliability of the boat as a whole, especially when operating in shallow and waterless areas of reservoirs. The described mutual arrangement of the inflatable sides and the bottom allows the sides to actively participate in the work of the entire hull during movement, and also reduces the load on the bottom. Also, this arrangement allows you to significantly reduce the draft of the stern, not only in dynamics, but also in statics, which is important, for example, when rafting. The presence of a water tunnel allows you to install a jet engine on a boat above the level of the bottom of the boat. Thanks to this, the boat can pass through shallow water areas. The described geometry of the water tunnel improves the hydrodynamic properties of the tunnel, which makes it possible to effectively direct the flow of water into the tunnel.

[eighteen] The bottom of the boat can be made semi-rigid. This allows you to make the bottom of the boat more durable in certain areas that are most damaged during operation, while maintaining the lightness of the entire structure. Also, the bottom can be made completely rigid. This makes the boat heavier overall, but significantly increases the strength of the bottom.

[19] The bottom can be made of polymeric materials. Polymeric materials have high rigidity and, at the same time, are light enough for operation on water.

[twenty] The bottom may have a small keel or no keel at all. This allows the boat to effectively pass through shallow water and waterless areas of reservoirs.

[21] The waterway tunnel may have a trapezoidal cross-section. It also allows the boat to navigate efficiently through shallow water and waterless areas of water bodies. In this case, the upper wall of the water tunnel can be made curved.

[22] The inflatables and/or the bottom may additionally include a protective layer. The protective layer can be made in the form of the lower surface of the inflatable boards and attached to it. Also, the protective layer can be made in the form of a bottom and attached to it. This allows you to additionally protect the bottom surface of the boat, which is especially important when operating the boat in shallow water conditions and in waterless areas of reservoirs.

[23] The water tunnel can be made in such a way that its upper wall is inclined at a small angle not exceeding 10 degrees. This allows you to increase the stability of the boat when moving. In addition, it allows water to flow into the water tunnel evenly. The fact that the angle of inclination does not exceed 10 degrees also makes it possible to achieve the most uniform movement of water inside the water tunnel.

[24] The bottom may additionally include rigid sides. They can serve for additional fastening of the bottom to the inflatable sides, which increases the strength of the structure. The bottom can be attached to the inflatable sides along the outer contour, and additionally be attached to the inflatable sides with its rigid sides, if any.

[25] The water tunnel can be made in such a way that the ratio of its length to width is from 1/2 to 9/2, while its width to height ratio is 3.5 to 5. This allows you to achieve the most uniform movement of water in the tunnel without losing directional stability of the boat. It also allows the most uniform movement of water in the tunnel without loss of directional stability of the boat.

[26] Also, the technical result is achieved by the method of manufacturing an inflatable combined boat. According to the method, first a bottom is formed having at least one rigid part. Moreover, the bottom is formed in such a way that it has a water tunnel in the aft part, in the profile of which at least two walls are flat surfaces located at an obtuse angle to the upper wall. After that, the formed bottom is attached along the outer contour to the U-shaped inflatable sides in plan. Moreover, they are attached so that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of inflatable sides and the bottom plane does not exceed 10 degrees from the midship to the stern.

[27] The fact that when forming the bottom, it is formed in such a way that it has at least one rigid part is necessary to ensure greater mechanical strength of the bottom, as well as the reliability of the boat as a whole, especially when operating in shallow and waterless areas of water bodies. The formation of a water tunnel in the bottom allows you to install a jet engine on a boat above the level of the bottom of the boat. Thanks to this, the boat can pass through shallow water areas. The formation of a water tunnel with the described geometry makes it possible to effectively direct the flow of water into the tunnel. The connection of the formed bottom to the U-shaped inflatable sides provides a sufficiently high degree of hydro- and aerodynamics of the hull. And the fact that they are attached in such a way that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of inflatable sides and the plane of the bottom does not exceed 10 degrees from the midship to the stern, allows the sides to actively participate in the work of the entire hull during movement, and also allows to reduce bottom load. Also, this arrangement allows you to significantly reduce the draft of the stern both during movement and in static.

[28] At the stage of forming the bottom, it can be formed in such a way that it includes rigid sides. At the same time, at the stage of attaching the bottom to the inflatable sides, the rigid sides of the bottom can be additionally attached to the inflatable sides by attaching the lippaz-lyktros.

[29] The bottom can be formed from polymeric materials. Polymeric materials have high rigidity and, at the same time, are light enough for operation on water, as well as sliding, which contributes to the sliding of the boat in shallow water and waterless areas of reservoirs. The bottom can be formed by hot air welding. Due to this, the strength of bottom materials does not decrease during their processing, which significantly increases the strength of the boat hull as a whole.

[thirty] After the step of attaching the inflatable sides to the bottom, the protective layer can be attached to the bottom and/or to the inflatable sides. At the same time, before the stage of attaching the protective layer to the inflatable sides, a protective layer can be formed in the form of the lower surface of the inflatable sides. And before the stage of attaching the protective layer to the bottom, a protective layer can be formed in the bottoms. This allows you to further protect the bottom surface of the boat, while maintaining its shape.

Description of drawings

[31] On FIG. 1 is a side view of an inflatable combination boat according to the present invention.

[32] On FIG. 2 is a rear view of an inflatable combination boat according to the present invention.

[33] On FIG. 3 is a plan view of an inflatable combination boat according to the present invention.

[34] On FIG. 4 is a schematic rear view of an inflatable combination boat illustrating the relationship between the bottom of the boat and the inflatable sides.

[35] On FIG. 5 shows the bottom of the boat in an embodiment without rigid sides (view from below).

[36] On FIG. 6 shows the bottom of a boat in an embodiment with rigid sides.

[37] On FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the water tunnel (top view).

[38] On FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the water tunnel (side view).

[39] On FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of the water tunnel (view from the stern).

[40] On FIG. 10 shows an inflatable combination boat with a protective layer attached to the inflatable sides of the boat.

[41] On FIG. 11 shows an inflatable combination boat with a protective layer attached to the bottom of the boat.

[42] On FIG. 12 shows an inflatable combination boat with a protective layer attached to both the bottom of the boat and the inflatable sides.

[43] On FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of the fastening of the rigid sides of the bottom to the inflatable sides.

Detailed description

[44] In the following detailed description of the implementation of the invention, numerous implementation details are provided to provide a clear understanding of the present invention. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate how the present invention can be used, both with and without these implementation details. In other cases, well-known methods, procedures and components are not described in detail so as not to obscure the features of the present invention.

[45] In addition, from the foregoing it is clear that the invention is not limited to the above implementation. Numerous possible modifications, alterations, variations and substitutions that retain the spirit and form of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[46] On FIG. 1-3 are side, rear and top views of an inflatable combination boat, respectively, according to the present invention. The boat includes a U-shaped hull in plan, formed by an open contour of inflatable sidesone and the bow, as well as the bottom attached to the hull2. At the same time, at least part of the bottom2 made rigid. At the same time, inflatable boardsone and bottom2 located in such a way that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of inflatable boardsone, and the plane of the bottom2 does not exceed 10 degrees from midship to stern. Bottom2 has a water tunnel in the stern3. In the profile of the tunnel3 at least two walls31 are flat surfaces located at an obtuse angle to the top wall32.

[47] The boat also includes an outboard engine, not shown in the figures for convenience), which is mounted on a transom (also not shown in the figures) located on the aft end 4. Due to this configuration of the boat, it is possible to move the boat in shallow water and waterless areas of reservoirs, since the rowing the propeller of the outboard engine (motor) is located above the bottom surface of the bottom2. It is worth noting that in Fig. 2 aft endfour shown only schematically. When implementing the present invention, itfour can fully adhere to the inner surface of the inflatable boardsone.

[48] That the bottom2 made with at least one rigid part implies that the bottom2 may be rigid or semi-rigid. Under the hard bottom2 understood not inflatable bottom2made of a hard material (not elastic or with a low degree of elasticity). Under the semi-rigid bottom2 bottom implementation option is understood2when half of the bottom2, for example from the nose to the midsection, is made of an elastic material (for example, an inflatable bottom), and the second is made of a rigid one, or vice versa. In the case of a semi-rigid bottom2 it is preferable that the rigid part of the bottom2 was located amidships to the stern. However, it is preferable that the bottom2 was made completely rigid, because this significantly increases the strength of the structure. In particular, the bottom2 can be made of polymeric materials, such as low-density polyethylene. Polymeric materials have high wear resistance, strength and slip, in particular when sliding on wet stones. This significantly increases the reliability of the boat when operating in shallow water or in waterless areas of reservoirs.

[49] It is also preferred that the bottom2 had a small keel or no keel. This will allow the boat not to get stuck in shallow water and waterless areas of reservoirs, as well as reduce the likelihood of collision with pitfalls that can damage the bottom2 boats, which cannot be achieved with a large keel.

[fifty] For inflatable boardsone boats, a bulwark can be additionally installed.

[51] Fig. 4 explains the relative position of the inflatable boardsone and bottoms2 boats according to the present invention. As previously described, inflatable boardsone and bottom2 located in such a way that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of inflatable boardsone, and the plane of the bottom2 does not exceed 10 degrees from midship to stern. On FIG. 4, the dotted line indicates the plane of the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sidesone (from midship to stern), and the dash-dotted line is the plane of the bottom2. In the proposed version, the angle between them is 7.5 degrees, however, it can be any, not exceeding 10 degrees. Due to this, the body of inflatable boardsone actively participates in the work of the entire hull during movement, including helping to absorb shocks, smooth out irregularities encountered (for example, in shallow water or in waterless areas of reservoirs), and also reduces the load on the bottom2. So the bottom2 less damage during operation in extreme conditions. It also allows you to significantly reduce the draft of the stern, not only when moving, but also in static. In this case, the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of inflatable boardsone, and the plane of the bottom2 may not exceed 10 degrees also from bow to stern. However, it is important that the described geometry is respected at least amidships to the stern.

[52] On FIG. 5 shows the bottom2 boats in embodiment without hard sides5 with a view from below. Bottom2 is a rigid or semi-rigid structure, made so that it almost or completely repeats the shape of the hull. At the same time, the water tunnel3 is part of the bottom2. Bottom2 connects with inflatable boardsonealong its outer contour. Fastening can be done using lippaz-lyktros technology or any other mechanical method, for example, screws, screws, etc. On FIG. 5 it can be seen that the water tunnel3 may have a pentagonal shape in longitudinal section. Pentagonal longitudinal section of the water tunnel3 improves the hydrodynamic properties of the tunnel3, i.e. allows you to effectively direct the flow of water inside the tunnel3. It also shows that the tunnel3 located in the middle segment of the bottom2, which, in turn, ensures the stability of the boat when moving. In the case of the location of the water tunnel3 in another segment of the bottom2, in the process of movement, the boat may roll over due to the inequality of forces acting on it from both sides.

[53] Execution of the tunnel3 longitudinal allows water to fill the free volume of the tunnel3 while the boat is moving with minimal resistance from the water. This is achieved by the fact that the vertical plane of symmetry of the tunnel3 coincides with the vertical plane of symmetry of the hull (inflatable sidesone), which, in turn, will coincide with the velocity vector of the inflatable boat as it moves. That the vertical planes of symmetry of the tunnel3 and the hulls are the same, also ensures the stability of the boat when moving. If they do not match, an imbalance of forces acting on the boat during movement may occur, as a result of which the boat may roll over during operation.

[54] Also the bottom2 can be made with rigid sides5. On FIG. 6 shows the bottom2 boats in embodiment with rigid sides5. Rigid sides5 designed to be located inside the hull of the boat. They can both go around the bottom2 completely along the contour (external or indented from it), and be performed only on part of the contour. Height of rigid boards5 should not be higher in level than the height of the inflatable sidesone. In this case, it is preferable that the height of the rigid sides5 reached only the middle of the inflatable sidesone, i.e. their widest part. In this place, they are most closely adjacent to each other, which is why the fastening of the sidesone,5 will be more durable. Otherwise, bottom2 can be attached to the sidesone only along one line, which is a less durable method of fastening.

[55] On FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the water tunnel (top view). As mentioned earlier, the water tunnel3 may have a pentagonal shape in longitudinal section. His3 side walls31 can expand from an inlet having an inlet width to an area with a maximum width. After reaching the maximum width of the water tunnel3 walls31 may narrow towards the center of the water tunnel3until they meet each other. The ratio of the length to the entrance width of the tunnel3 can be from 1/2 to 9/2. Preferably, the length of the tunnel3 ranged from 5 to 90 cm, and the width was from 10 to 70 cm (inlet and maximum width). This width of the water tunnel3 allows to achieve greater uniformity of water movement in the absence of losses in the lateral stability of the inflatable combined boat. Uniformity of water movement inside the tunnel3 also depends on its width, a larger width ensures greater uniformity of movement. However, it must be borne in mind that the execution of the tunnel3 width exceeding 40% of the total width of the boat leads to a decrease in its lateral stability, therefore, in the manufacture of boats up to 6 m long, it is desirable that the width of the tunnel3 did not exceed 60 cm. The length of the water tunnel3 it is not recommended to do more than 50% of the total length of the boat. In this case, the directional stability of the boat is reduced.

[56] On FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of the water tunnel3 in side view. It can be seen that the angle of inclination of the upper wall32 water tunnel3 to the surface of the water in the above implementation is 7 degrees. However, the angle of inclination may be different, but it is preferable that it does not exceed 10 degrees. This allows you to achieve the most uniform movement of water inside the water tunnel.3 when combined with the pentagonal shape of the longitudinal section of the tunnel3 and trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. In this case, the distance from the upper point of the inlet of the water tunnel3 to the aft endfour is from 80 to 140 mm. This distance allows you to most effectively position the engine (motor). While the top wall32 tunnel3 can be made curved, i.e. the angle of inclination may be uneven along the entire length of the tunnel3. At the same time, it is still important that the angle of inclination at any point does not exceed 10 degrees. If the angle of inclination is more than 10 degrees, the boat will lose its operational properties in shallow water. Because described geometry of the water tunnel3 designed for operation in shallow water, with an increase in the angle, the water flow in shallow water may not reach the upper wall32 water tunnel3. This, in turn, can lead to the fact that the water from the water tunnel3 will not hit the outboard propeller. As a result, the boat may get stuck in a shallow area of water. Thus, it is the combination of the described design of the boat and its water tunnel3 allows you to achieve the most effective operation of the boat in shallow water and waterless areas.

[57] It is important to note that in Fig. 8 aft endfour located at an angle of 90 degrees to the surface of the water. However, hefour can be located at an acute angle to the surface of the water and the lower surface of the bottom2 respectively. At the aft endfoura transom can be located on which the outboard engine with a propeller is mounted. That the stern buttfour can be located at an angle of not more than 90 degrees to the surface of the water and the lower surface of the bottom2 accordingly allows the outboard propeller to be positioned so that the boat's velocity vector coincides with the outboard's propulsive force vector, and the propeller axis of rotation, respectively, and is directed toward the boat's center of gravity. This leads to a smooth movement of the boat and eliminates the effect of oscillation of the boat in the vertical plane during movement, for example, at the time of entering the gliding. It follows that this configuration is optimal for the location of the outboard propeller, which eliminates the risk of propeller damage and improves boat performance in shallow water conditions.

[58] On FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of the water tunnel (view from the stern). It can be seen from the figure that the water tunnel3 may have a trapezoidal shape in cross section and, at the same time, a pentagonal shape in longitudinal section. Side walls31 at the same time, they should be made inclined, namely, located at an obtuse angle to the upper wall32. Tunnel width to height ratio3 can be from 3.5 to 5. In this case, the height can be selected in the range from 2 to 20 cm. This allows you to achieve the most uniform movement of water inside the water tunnel3. Side walls31 can be made convex in the direction of the free volume. This makes it possible to raise the flow of water inside the tunnel.3 and provide the necessary water flow for trouble-free operation of the outboard. However, it is important that the side walls31 were located at an obtuse angle to the upper wall32. This improves hydrodynamics, namely, it provides a smooth direction of water movement inside the water tunnel.3. In the event that the side walls31 were located at an acute angle to the upper wall32, sharp corners would cut the incoming water flow, creating turbulence inside the water tunnel3which in turn could damage the outboard. Also, exactly, like the angle of inclination of the upper wall32, high height of the water tunnel3can also adversely affect the performance of the boat in shallow water. Because described geometry of the water tunnel3 designed for operation in shallow water, with an increase in the height of the water tunnel3, including the ratio of height to width, the flow of water in shallow water may not reach the upper wall32 water tunnel3. This, in turn, can lead to the fact that the water from the water tunnel3 will not hit the outboard propeller. As a result, the boat may get stuck in a shallow area of water. Thus, it is the combination of the described design of the boat and its water tunnel3 allows you to achieve the most effective operation of the boat in shallow water and waterless areas.

[59] On FIG. 10 shows an inflatable combination boat with a protective layerelevenattached to inflatable sidesone boats. protective layereleven made in the form of the lower surface of the inflatable boardsone and attached to it. This allows you to strengthen the sidesone, which is especially important in shallow water and waterless areas of reservoirs, where the sidesone may be damaged by sharp stones. Also, the implementation of the protective layereleven in the form of the bottom surface of the sidesone allows you to maintain the hydrodynamics and glide of the boat. protective layereleven can be made of plastic polymeric materials, films, such as polyurethane films, or rubberized fabrics. Layer thicknesseleven can be from 0.5 to 1.0 mm. If the protective layereleven will not be made in the form of boardsone, but it will be, for example, angular, high turbulence of the water flow will be created around the boat and under it, which can lead to both emergency situations with passengers and damage to the boat itself.

[60] On FIG. 11 shows an inflatable combination boat with a protective layer21attached to the bottom2 boats. Similar to sidesone, bottom2 boats can also be armored with a protective layer21. protective layer21 can be made in the form of a bottom2 and attached to it2. It also allows you to strengthen the bottom2, which will make it more reliable when operating in shallow water and waterless areas of reservoirs. If the protective layer21 will not be made in the form of a bottom2, but it will be, for example, angular, high turbulence of the water flow will be created around the boat and under it, which can lead to both emergency situations with passengers and damage to the boat itself.

[61] On FIG. 12 shows an inflatable combined boat with a protective layer (eleven,21), attached to the bottom2 boats, and to inflatable boardsone. To achieve greater security and strength of the entire lower surface of the boat, the protective layereleven,21 can be installed both on boardone, and on the bottom2 boats at the same time. However, it can be as separate layerseleven,21shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, respectively, and one integral protective layer, made in the form of the entire lower surface of the boat. In general, protective layerseleven,21 can also be made without bending around the bottom surface, but it is preferable to make them not angular to maintain a high level of slip of the boat.

[62] On FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of the fastening of rigid boards5 bottoms2 to inflatable sidesone. As previously described, the bottom2 can be attached to the sidesone along its outer contour. However, in the case of rigid boards5 at the bottom2, these boards5 can be additionally attached to the surface of inflatable boardsone. This can be realized, for example, by means of an effective adhesive providing a strong bond, as well as by means of cables, strong clamps, etc. However, the most effective connection will be the lippase-lyktros connection shown in FIG. 13. In general, fixing the bottom2 to the sidesone along two lines (along the outer contour and along the rigid sides5) significantly increases the strength and reliability of the structure.

[63] For the manufacture of an inflatable combination boat, according to the present invention, the bottom is first formed2. At the same time, the bottom2 must be formed in such a way that there is a water tunnel in its aft part3, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5. In the profile of the water tunnel3 at least two walls31 must be flat surfaces at an obtuse angle to the top wall32, as shown in FIG. 9. After that, the formed bottom is attached2 along the outer contour to the inflatable sidesone U-shaped in plan, as shown in FIG. 3. Moreover, they are attached so that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sidesone, and the plane of the bottom2 does not exceed 10 degrees amidships to stern, as shown in Fig. four.

[64] At the same time, at the stage of bottom formation2 can additionally form the bottom2 with hard sides5. This will allow you to create an additional place for attaching the bottom2 to inflatable sidesone, which will strengthen the structure as a whole. At the same time, fix the bottom2 to the sidesone can by means of likpaz-lyktros technology. Also hard edges5can be formed separately and attached to the bottom2 already after.

[65] hard bottom2 can be made from various materials. For example, there are wooden bottoms, plywood bottoms, aluminium, marine plywood and other materials. It is preferable to form the bottom2 polymeric materials, such as low-density polyethylene. Polymeric materials have high wear resistance, strength and slip, in particular when sliding on wet stones. This significantly increases the reliability of the boat when operating in shallow water or in waterless areas of reservoirs. Giving the polymer material the shape of the bottom2, described earlier, can be produced by hot air welding. This allows you to make the bottom2 completely or almost integral, which also increases the strength of the bottom2. Also due to this, the strength of the materials of the bottom2 does not decrease during their processing, which significantly increases the strength of the boat as a whole. bottom thickness2 can vary from 5 to 20 mm. When doing the bottom2thicker also increases the weight of the boat, resulting in reduced ease of use.

[66] After attaching to the bottom2 inflatable boardsone attach a protective layereleven,21 to inflatable sidesone and/or bottom2. When attaching a protective layereleven to the sidesone, first form a protective layereleven in the form of the lower surface of the inflatable boardsoneand then fasten iteleven to the bottom surface of the sidesone. They can be fastened with an effective adhesive material that provides strong bonding. In addition, fastening can occur along the outer contour of the protective layer.eleven. Similarly, when attaching the protective layer21 to the bottom2, first form a protective layer21 bottom shaped. After that, a protective layer is attached21 to the bottom2. In the case of the bottom2, fastening by means of screws, screws, rivets and other known fastening methods is possible. Can attach a protective layereleven,21 at the same time to the sidesone, and to the bottom2. In this case, they can be used as separate protective layers.eleven,21, and form an integral protective layer in the form of the bottom surface of the boat.

[67] In general, as described above and shown in FIG. 4 mutual arrangement of the bottom2 and inflatable boardsone boats lets boardsone actively participate in the work of the entire hull during movement, and also allows you to reduce the load on the bottom. Also, this arrangement allows you to significantly reduce the draft of the stern, not only in dynamics, but also in statics, which is important, for example, when rafting. Combination of inflatable boardsone, low-keeled or keelless rigid bottom2 and water tunnel3 trapezoidal shape ensures the effective passage of the boat through shallow and dry areas of water bodies. Execution of the protective layereleven so that it is adjacent to the lower surface of the sidesone and goes around it (i.e. made in the form of the lower surface of the sidesone), allows you to protect the sidesone under extreme operating conditions, while maintaining the shape of the boat as it would be without a protective layereleven. And, in turn, the manufacture of the bottom2 cases made of polymeric materials by hot air welding allows avoiding the decrease in material strength during processing and significantly increasing the strength of the case as a whole. In addition, polymeric materials have high wear resistance and slip, which is extremely important when operating a boat in shallow water conditions and in waterless areas of reservoirs.

[68] The present application materials provide a preferred disclosure of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, which should not be used as limiting other, private embodiments of its implementation that do not go beyond the requested scope of legal protection and are obvious to specialists in the relevant field of technology.

Claims (27)

1. Inflatable combination boat, including: U-shaped hull in plan, formed by an open contour of inflatable sides and bow, bottom attached to the body, at least part of which is made rigid, moreover, the inflatable sides and the bottom are located so that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sides and the bottom plane is greater than 0 degrees and does not exceed 10 degrees, at least from the midship to the stern, at the same time, the bottom has a water tunnel in the aft part, in the profile of which at least two walls are flat surfaces located at an obtuse angle to the upper wall. 2. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom is made rigid or semi-rigid. 3. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom is made of polymeric materials. 4. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom has a small keel. 5. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tunnel has a cross section in the form of a trapezoid. 6. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper wall of the water tunnel is curved. 7. Inflatable combined boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom and/or inflatable balloons additionally include a protective layer. 8. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 7, characterized in that the protective layer is made in the form of the lower surface of the inflatable boards and is attached to it. 9. Inflatable combined boat according to claim 7, characterized in that the protective layer is made in the form of a bottom and attached to it. 10. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tunnel is made in such a way that its upper wall is inclined at a small angle not exceeding 10 degrees relative to the water surface. 11. Inflatable combined boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom includes rigid sides. 12. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom is attached to the inflatable sides along the outer contour. 13. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 11, characterized in that the rigid sides of the bottom are additionally attached to the inflatable sides. 14. Combined inflatable boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tunnel is made in such a way that the ratio of its length to width is from 1/2 to 9/2, while its width to height ratio is from 3.5 to 5. 15. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combined boat, according to which: • form the bottom, having at least one rigid part, so that the bottom has a water tunnel in the aft part, in the profile of which at least two walls are straight surfaces located at an obtuse angle to the top wall; • the formed bottom is attached along the outer contour to the U-shaped inflatable sides in plan so that the angle between the surface formed by the lower open line of the inflatable sides and the bottom plane is greater than 0 degrees and does not exceed 10 degrees from the midship to the stern. 16. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combined boat according to claim 15, characterized in that at the stage of forming the bottom, it is formed in such a way that it includes rigid sides. 17. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combined boat according to claim 16, characterized in that at the stage of attaching the bottom to the inflatable sides, the rigid sides of the bottom are additionally attached to the inflatable sides by attaching the lippaz-lyktros. 18. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combined boat according to claim 17, characterized in that the bottom is formed from polymeric materials by hot air welding. 19. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combined boat according to claim 17, characterized in that after the step of attaching the inflatable sides to the bottom, a protective layer is attached to the bottom and / or to the inflatable sides. 20. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combination boat according to claim 19, characterized in that before the step of attaching the protective layer to the bottom, a protective layer is formed in the form of a bottom. 21. A method for manufacturing an inflatable combined boat according to claim 19, characterized in that before the step of attaching the protective layer to the inflatable sides, a protective layer is formed in the form of the lower surface of the inflatable sides.

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