RU2783459C1 - Hard hat - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: headwear.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to personal protective equipment for people in the field of occupational health and safety, namely, for protection against small particles and dust directly entering the visual and respiratory organs, being hit with objects, and small objects falling in the area of the head. Hard hat comprises a body, a protective shield, a fixation unit on the head in the form of a cap band with a rim secured thereon, and a filter element, wherein the visor of the protective shield has holes, with fans installed coaxially with said holes, and a removable panel equipped with an inclined side, secured whereon is a filtering element made in the form of a cover, ensuring a balanced load on the hard hat of the wearer, as well as reliable and fast installation/replacement of the filtering element.

EFFECT: ensured protection from trauma and ingress of small particles.

8 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means of individual protection of the population in the field of occupational health and safety, namely, from the direct ingress of small particles and dust into the organs of vision and respiration, impacts on objects, falling of small objects into the head area.

Known is the invention RU 2708896 C1 "Protective helmet", IPC A42V 3/00, containing a body and internal equipment for attaching a helmet to the user's head.

The disadvantage of the above technical solution is the absence of a protective screen, as well as the inability to install fans and a panel with a filter element, due to the small area of the visor.

Known is the invention RU 2664264 C1 "Helmet", IPC A42V 3/00, containing a body with a protective screen installed on it by means of adapters with a movement mechanism and internal equipment for attaching a helmet to the user's head.

The disadvantage of the above technical solution is also the inability to install fans and a panel with a filter element, due to the small area of the visor.

Of the well-known technical solutions close in purpose and technical essence to the claimed object is the invention SU 1227203 A1 "Insulating device", IPC A62V 7/00, containing a helmet with a viewing screen attached to its front part, having an outlet with a slide gate, a balaclava, a branch pipe for connecting the helmet to the pressure line, an elastic diaphragm attached to the inner surface of the helmet from the outer side of the balaclava to form a cavity, and the helmet has openings for communicating said cavity with the atmosphere.

In addition, the device contains an air supply channel formed by the inner surface of the helmet and the balaclava, ending with a slot, and the viewing screen is attached to the edge of the helmet by means of trunnions. The side edges of the viewing screen are equipped with a seal and a belt, and with the help of fasteners, the viewing screen fits snugly against the edge of the helmet, and the nozzle has a reflector.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inconvenience in operation due to low mobility, since it is necessary to permanently connect the flexible sleeve to the air supply fitting on the helmet body.

Another well-known technical solution closest in purpose and technical essence to the claimed object is the invention SU 1195969 A1 "Dust protection device", IPC A42V 1/18, containing a helmet, inside of which a head support is mounted, a vertically mounted screen and a protective cape associated with the helmet and connected to a source of compressed air and located on the helmet tube for supplying air to the surface of the screen. The device has an air-accumulating container with a vertical baffle connected to the tube, and the screen is connected to the lower edge of the baffle. The air storage tank consists of two parts in height, the upper of which is made in the form of a diffuser, and the lower one is in the form of a confuser.

The air storage tank has a regulator of the amount of air supply to the surface of the screen, containing L-shaped guides mounted in the diffuser and perforated plates installed one above the other, and the top of which is installed with the possibility of axial movement and fixation relative to the bottom. The plate has additional holes at one end for fixing the limit stop.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is also inconvenience in operation due to low mobility, since it is necessary to permanently connect the flexible sleeve to the air supply fitting on the helmet body. Also, the absence of a hinged connection of the screen with the helmet body implies the complete removal of the helmet in case of a short-term need, instead of folding the screen into a non-working position.

The technical task for solving the above disadvantages is to develop a helmet with a protective screen, fans and a filter element, which will provide: reliable and quick installation / replacement of the filter element, balanced distribution of the load on the head, the ability to filter almost the entire volume of incoming air, preventing polluted air from entering from below into the space between the protective screen and the face, as well as protecting the head area from hitting objects and falling relatively heavy objects on the head.

The essence of the invention

The technical problem posed is solved by the fact that the design of the helmet provides for the presence of a protective screen and fans located on the visor of the housing (1) of Fig. 1 helmets. A filter element (6) of FIG. 3 located on the visor (1.1) of FIG. 1 above the fans (4) of FIG. 1. To install the filter element (6) of FIG. 3, on the visor (1.1) of fig. 1 provides for the installation of the panel (5) of FIG. 3 with sloping rim (5.1) of fig. 3.

The design of a protective helmet consists of the following main elements: the helmet body (1) of Fig. 1 of the protective screen (2) of FIG. 1, the fixation unit (3) of FIG. 2, fans (4) of FIG. one.

The helmet body (1) of Fig. 1 is the basis of the structure, on which all hinged elements are fixed. The helmet body (1) of Fig. 1 is made of lightweight durable materials such as polypropylene. The helmet body (1) of Fig. 1 has the shape of a semi-ellipsoid and completely covers the entire upper region of the head. To ensure strength, the design is equipped with stiffeners, cast integrally with the surface of the body. Outside the housing, on the sides, brackets are provided for attaching the hinged joints of the protective screen (2) of Fig. 1. From the inside, along the perimeter of the lower part of the helmet body, brackets are provided for mounting the fixation unit (3) of Fig. 2 helmets on the head.

A visor (1.1) of Fig. 1 arc-shaped, cast integrally with the helmet body. Holes are made in the visor (1.1) coaxially with which the fans (4) of Fig. one.

Protective screen (2) fig. 1 covering the user's face, for example, can be made of transparent plastic and can have any shape, including arcuate, rectangular, repeating the curves of the user's face. The protective screen is attached to the rim of the screen (2.1) of Fig. 1 by means of, for example, steel/plastic screw connections or snap buttons. Screen rim (2.1) fig. 1 is equipped with articulations to the body (1) of FIG. 1 helmets, which makes it possible to rotate the screen (2) from the working position to the non-working position and vice versa.

Fixation unit (3) of Fig. 2 consists of the band (3.1) of fig. 2 wrapping around the user's head in the horizontal plane and the rim of the fixation unit (3.2) wrapping around the user's head from above. The band (3.1) and the rim of the fixation unit (3.2), for example, can be made of soft plastic and, in a particular case, are equipped with length adjustment mechanisms. Length adjustment mechanisms can be made of plastic or steel buckle, toothed clamp, ratchet, etc.

Fans (4) of fig. 1 are located on the visor evenly relative to the plane of symmetry, which ensures the distribution of the load on the visor (2) of FIG. 1 and on the safety helmet as a whole. Axial fans can be used, which are bladed impellers installed in casings. The impellers are mounted directly on the axis of the electric motors.

Fans (4) of fig. 1 are installed in such a way that the axes of rotation of the impellers are located vertically, which in turn ensures the forced flow of air from top to bottom. This technology makes it possible to avoid the entry of polluted air from below the protective screen (2) of Fig. one.

In a particular case of execution, in order to provide the possibility of adjusting the air flow rate, the fans (4) of FIG. 1 are connected to a frequency converter, which makes it possible to reduce or increase the rotational speed of the fan motors (4) of FIG. one.

To provide the fans (4) of FIG. 1 with electricity, in the interior of the helmet shell (1) of FIG. 1, a power supply is installed (not shown in the figure).

In a particular case of a protective helmet, the power supply can be installed on the user's belt. This type of power supply arrangement allows you to install a model with a larger capacity to ensure longer operation. The fans in this case are connected to the power source by a wire attached to the band (3.1) of Fig. 2 protective helmets.

In a particular case of the protective helmet, the fan (4) of Fig. 1 can be powered from the mains 220 V via a step-down portable power supply. The power supply, for example, can be installed in the interior of the helmet shell (1) of FIG. 1. The connection of the fans is also provided by a wire attached to the band (3.1) of fig. 2.

In order to filter the incoming breathing air and, accordingly, to install the filter element (6) of FIG. 3, the design of the helmet provides for the installation of a removable panel (5) fig. 3 with sloping rim (5.1) of fig. 3. Panel (5) of FIG. 3 can be made of light material, such as plastic, has an arcuate shape and is installed between the visor (1.1) of fig. 1 and fans (4) of FIG. 1. Rear panel (5) of FIG. 3 follows the contour of the helmet shell (1) of FIG. 1. The front part of the panel (5) of FIG. 3 repeats the contour of the rim of the protective screen (2.1) of fig. 1 and has a small "overhang" in overall size so that in the working position the rim of the protective screen (2.1) of Fig. 1 overlapped the panel (5) of FIG. 3 preventing the penetration of polluted air into the space of the protective screen (2) of FIG. 1 in addition to the fans (4) of FIG. 1. To ensure tight contact between the panel (5) of FIG. 3 and the protective screen rim (2.1) of fig. 1 on the front edge of the panel (5) of FIG. 3 the sealing material is glued.

To ensure the installation and fixing of the filter element (6) of Fig. 3 on panel (5) of FIG. 3 has an inclined rim (5.1) of fig. 3, installed along the perimeter of the panel for mounting the filter element (6). The collar (5.1) has a shape based on an inverted rectangular truncated pyramid with rounded corners and edges to prevent tearing of the material of the filter element (6) during its donning/removal, as well as during the operation of the protective helmet. The plane of the side is located at an angle of 5 to 15° outwards. Any of the specified range of slope of the rim is able to hold the filter element. This design feature of the rim (5.1) is due to the need to prevent the filter element (6) from slipping during the operation of the protective helmet.

The filter element (6) has a design and fastening that ensures its tight fit to the side (5.1) of Fig. 3 to prevent unfiltered air from entering the space of the protective screen (2) of FIG. 1. Thus, the filter element is made in the form of a cover capable of covering the inclined edge (5.1) of Fig. 3 on top and going over the side from the outside, while snugly adhering to it.

The fit of the filter element (6) to the side (5.1), in a particular case of execution, is carried out by making the entire web or the edge of the filter element web elastic.

In another particular case, the filter element (6) is attached to the side (5.1) due to the fact that the filter element (6) has a tightening element along the edge, for example, a channel with a textile cord or elastic band.

In a particular case of the execution of the filter element (6) according to any of the above options, the edge of the filter on the inside may have a silicone strip.

The filter element (6) of FIG. 3 is made of woven cotton and/or non-woven synthetic fabrics. The material of manufacture of the filter element (6) provides the possibility of giving the required shape without loss of filtering properties.

The constructive solution for the location of the fans (4) of Fig. 1 and the filter element (6) of FIG. 3 provides purification of the entire volume of air due to the forced pulling of the air flow through the filter element (6).

Filter element fastening (6) fig. 3 is made removable, which allows it to be dismantled and replaced with a new one, or a cleaned previously used one. No tools are required to dismantle the filter element (6), all replacement work is carried out manually by the user directly at the place of operation and requires a minimum of time.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to provide the possibility of cleaning the air entering the space of the protective screen for the user to breathe. Filtration is carried out by means of a filter element installed in the air intake area. The flow of polluted air from below into the space under the mask is blocked by a downward air flow, organized forcibly by means of fans installed on the visor. Also, the result of the solution is to ensure a balanced load on the helmet and, accordingly, on the user due to evenly spaced fans. Ensuring reliable and quick installation / replacement of the filter element.

Brief description of drawings:

in fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a protective helmet with a screen and fans (isometric view);

in fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the fixation unit.

in fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a panel with a filter element.

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - helmet body;

1.1 - visor;

2 - protective screen;

2.1 - protective screen rim;

3 - fixation unit;

3.1 - band;

3.2 - rim of the fixation unit;

4 - fans;

5 - panel for installing fans;

5.1 - inclined side;

6 - filter element.

Implementation of the stated solution:

Before using the protective helmet, the user installs the filter element (6) by stretching its edges and putting it over the side (5.1), leading the edges of the filter element (6) over its walls. After putting on the filter element (6), it will automatically be fixed with an elastic band on the side (5.1). In a particular case, the user independently fixes the filter element (6) by pulling and further tying the textile cord into a knot to be untied.

Next, the user puts on a protective helmet, positioning it in such a way that the protective screen (2) is opposite the face, the band (3.1) covers the head in a horizontal plane, the rim (3.2), in turn, transversely from above. Next, the user removes the helmet, adjusts the band (3.1) and the rim (3.2) by means of the length adjustment mechanism, if necessary, and puts on the helmet again.

Next, the user, after adjusting and putting on the helmet, turns on the fans (4) connected to the power source located in the helmet body (1).

In a particular case of execution, after turning on the fans (4), the user lowers the protective screen (2) into the working position, so that the screen completely covers the face.

Depending on the degree of contamination of the air in the working environment, the user has the ability to adjust the speed of the fans (4), thereby changing the intensity of the air flow taken through the filter element (6).

In case of critical contamination of the filter element (6), the user has the opportunity to replace it with a new one, or clean the used one and then install it back into place. In order to replace the filter element (6) it is necessary to detach it from the inclined side (5.1). To do this, stretch the edges of the filter element (6) and pull it towards you until the filter element is completely removed from the side (5.1). In a particular case, to remove the filter element (6) from the side (5.1), it is necessary to untie the knot of the textile cord and then, by stretching the edges of the filter element (6), remove it.

The design of the protective helmet fully ensures air filtration from solid volatile impurities, flue gases, etc. The helmet significantly reduces their harmful effects on the human body. Allows you to quickly install and replace the filter element. It also provides protection to the head from falling relatively heavy particles and impacts against objects. The above effects are achieved due to the design features of the location of the fans (4), the use of the filter element (6) of its design and the design of its fixation, as well as due to the relatively large area of its surface.

Claims (8)

1. A protective helmet containing a body, a protective screen, a fixation unit on the head in the form of a band with a rim fixed on it and a filter element, characterized in that the protective screen contains a visor with holes, on which a removable panel for fans is placed, which are coaxially connected to openings of the visor, while the removable panel is equipped with an inclined side, on which a filter element is fixed, made in the form of a cover. 2. Helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective screen has a hinged connection with the helmet body. 3. Helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the fans are evenly spaced relative to the plane of symmetry with the axes of the impellers vertical. 4. Helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the fans are connected to a frequency converter with the ability to adjust the speed of rotation of the fan motors. 5. Helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made of woven cotton or non-woven synthetic fabrics. 6. A helmet according to claim 5, characterized in that the edge of the filter element web has a tightening element. 7. Helmet according to claim 5, characterized in that the edge of the filter element web has a silicone strip on the inside. 8. Helmet according to claim 5, characterized in that the web or the edges of the web of the filter element are elastic.

Images