RU2781181C2 - Device for supplying solid particles upon request, used in agricultural equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for supplying solid particles, which can be used in agricultural equipment. The device contains compressed air source 12, distributor 11 of solid particles “S”, hopper 10, a bottom of which supplies solid particles “S” into the distributor, and air-permeable plate 31, on which S-particles settle. Inside distributor 11, there is upper channel 28 and lower channel 29, located vertically and separated from each other. The upper channel ends with vertical wall 30, which, in the lower part of the distributor, rests against the edge of plate 31 and crosses it, forming prong or free edge 32, which, in turn, together with second wall 10, 10a, forms a chamber. Second wall 10a continues downwards, is strictly parallel and remote from first vertical wall 30, forms vertical chamber 33. Outlet 26 of nozzles 24 forms second channel 29 communicating at point 26 with specified vertical chamber 33. Outlet 26 of nozzles of first row 24 of second channel 29 faces nozzles of second row 35, aligned along axis 24, and inlet 34 of nozzle 35 coincides with second vertical wall 10a. An airflow “C” entering distributor 11 is divided into two airflows: upper Cs and lower Ci, entering the above-mentioned upper channel Cs, while the airflow Ci is directed to nozzle of first row 24. First channel 28 has flap 37, which regulates the intake of the airflow Cs passing further through a shielded plate. Seeds “S” are advanced by the flow “Cs” over prong 32, fall into vertical chamber 33, are picked up and carried by the increasing air flow Ci.

EFFECT: device provides recombination of flows, which prevents blocking of seeds and reduction in a flow of seeds, when blocked.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

[0001] The scope of this invention:

[0002] This invention is applied to devices that regulate the supply of solid particles to the receiving device on demand.

[0003] Especially this invention guards the supply of seeds "on demand", or granular fertilizer or any other agricultural material. It is applicable to agricultural machinery, such as a seed drill, and is applied in the field of technology for transporting solid granular materials by air flow, as it happens, although it is not an exclusive solution, in an agricultural machine when air flow is used to transport seeds or granular fertilizers at least at least from one central hopper to the dispensers located on the sowing unit.

[0004] List of terms used in this invention:

[0005] In the course of this patent documentation, it is to be understood that the following terms have the following meanings:

[0006] The term "feed" refers to the ability of these devices to feed solids from the main hopper to the end point in any part of the passage.

[0007] "Particulate matter" means material in modest amounts such as seeds, or any other granular material such as fertilizer, etc. For the purposes of this claim, the word "seeds" and also "solids" will be used with the same meaning.

[0008] The term "on demand" is used in airflow seed supply systems. These systems are so named because the solids (eg seeds) transported by this airflow from the main hopper to the metering units are transported depending on the level of solids present in each metering unit. When air flow is used in the supply circuit, solids are moved from the main hopper to the additional hoppers of each meter, and when the additional hopper is filled with an overload of solids (e.g. seeds) there is a blockage in the air transport pipe, resulting in a decrease in air velocity. Bearing in mind that the ability to transport solid particles is proportional to the air flow rate for transport, blockages limit or stop the supply of these particles. As the dispenser unloads accumulated material, e.g. seeds, their level is reduced, the blockage in the pipe is released and the transport of particles by the air flow is restored until the loading level of the additional hoppers is again filled. There is a dynamic balance between the main bin and the secondary bins, the balance is controlled by the feed rate of each batcher, and this dynamic transport balance is called "on demand", a request imposed by the batcher (usually "by the piece").

[0009] Predecessors of the present invention and state of the art:

[0010] Planters and other agricultural machines designed to operate at scale typically include at least one main hopper, with a relatively large volume, and a number of additional, individual hoppers attached to metering units. For example, during sowing, each additional hopper contains seeds that the seeder brings into the soil through the metering device, the metering devices feed the seeds into the soil. As the planter moves across the surface of the seeding area, it is important that the metering units distribute the seed evenly and at the correct time interval to achieve the required row spacing. For such an achievement, it is important that the supply of seeds to the dispensers is constant and uninterrupted.

[0011] Modern planters have individual metering devices attached to each of the above additional hoppers located along the entire length of the planter, and require individual filling of each additional hopper. Each additional hopper is connected via hoses to a distributor that acts as a multiple air distributor with seed movement. There are various types of devices that create an air flow to convey solids from a central hopper to individual dispensers.

[0012] These airflow generating devices typically consist of a single sealed hopper with a drop device at the lower end for controlled supply of granular material from the hopper, by airflow from a fan, compressor, or other means capable of supplying airflow from a main pipe extending from this fan to the primary distribution header directly below and connected to the main hopper. Withdrawal lines run from the falling medium to additional hoppers and then to associated metering units which in turn feed the seed with coulters and other accessories known in the art. The pneumatic pressure of the fan creates an air flow that transports the granular material through a network of flexible hoses.

[0013] For purposes of merely illustrative purposes, FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a traditional agricultural machine that uses all of the above resources. In this drawing, schematically and generally, there is one main hopper (10) that feeds seeds (or other solids) by gravity into a falling or distributing device (11). The latter is connected to an air source (fan 12) which provides an air flow that causes the necessary push to transport the seeds, and this air flow moves them through the pipe (13) and enters (11). This falling device distributes the seeds falling by gravity from (10) to (11) and from there are transported through a number of individual outlets to an equal number of hoses (14) connected to each of these outlets, they convey the solid particles moved by the air flow to an additional hopper (15) of its own, that is, one hopper for each pipe or hose (14). Each additional hopper (15) stores a certain amount of granular material and the granular material falls by gravity into the piece dispenser (16), and when already dosed, the granular material is introduced into the soil through devices (17) and methods known in the art. This use of resources can be seen, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,685,843; US 5.879.343; 6.845.724; US 7.182.029; US 7.213.525, among others, and which we simply refer to as a reference.

[0014] The use of "unit" dispensers, i.e., those that individualize and dispense seeds one by one for maximum accuracy in distribution, is mainly associated with increasing the efficiency of large-scale agricultural machines. Single dosers are, as seen, on the corresponding part of the seeder.

[0015] As already mentioned, with "on-demand" systems known in the art, seeds or solids are moved by air flow from the distributor to additional hoppers, but when they are overloaded, a blockage occurs in the conveying hose (14) with a corresponding decrease in speed air flow, and since the seed (or granule) conveying capacity is proportional to the air flow rate, the seed conveying is reduced and even stopped. As the dispensers continue to operate, removing seeds one at a time from the additional bins, the level of seeds in these bins decreases, so the blockage disappears, and the supply of seeds or granules is restored “on request” of the additional bin. These switchgears consist of long boxes arranged transversely and connected to a fan, and on the other side, with many outlets. In the prior art, these known distributors can be seen, in different designs, in US patents 2005/0247806; 5.161.473; US 2017/0318737; US 8.800.4558; US 5.979.343; US 7.182.029; US 7.213.525, among others, and which we simply refer to as a reference.

[0016] Problems found in prior art developments:

[0017] In the state of the art, (see Fig. 1) one of the preferred design options is that the air received from the fan (12) in the switchgear (11) is divided, using the first part of such an air flow to activate seeds held at the bottom of the hopper (10) which feeds the seeds to the distributor (11) causing the airflow to pass through the perforated floor or porous floor, "lifting" the seeds while the second part of the airflow goes to the pipes distributions connecting with hoses (14) leading to additional hoppers (15).

[0018] Although the current state of the art uses this scheme of movement and supply of seeds or granular material, it exhibits a number of limitations.

[0019] One of the difficulties in known designs is the variation in size and specific gravity between different kinds of seeds, and between different kinds of granules (e.g. fertilizers, insecticides, etc.), which causes these known devices to have serious problems. regulation, both in the “activation” air stream and in the transport air stream, because these parameter changes require different intensity for the first and for the second stream. That is, the known devices have as a solution the general control of the speed of the supplied air flow, but it is not possible to control the speed of the first part of this air flow, i. e. air "activation" separately from the second part of the air flow, i.e. air "movement" of seeds. In the known devices, if the first air flow is to be reduced, the second "travel" air flow is necessarily also reduced, which means the respective ability to convey granules or seeds. This is the difficulty that manifests itself with seeds of various characteristics and leads to poor performance of agricultural machines using these systems.

[0020] The second difficulty occurs when, under the "on demand" system, the accumulation of seeds in parts of the supply pipe (14) produces the already mentioned blockage. In such cases, in known devices, the air flow in the metering unit is reduced. This progressive reduction in travel ability causes, at certain points in the feed cycle, that seeds "activated" by the passage of the first stream through the porous floor of the feeder are moved by an increase in the speed of the first stream (since the flow of the second stream or travel stream is reduced) to the appropriate pipe or hose ( 14), with the inconvenience that this first flow does not have the necessary mobility, and this causes a whole series of additional blockages in different parts of the pipe, leading to blockage.

[0021] There are several attempts to solve these above problems, and in particular we can refer to the following documents:

[0022] US Patent 5,379,706 protects a seed distributor. The following references are owned by this US Pat. No. 5,379,706. In it, the seed distributor includes a cylindrical adjustable support (46) in a telescopic relation to the chamber wall (28) connected to the bottom of the main hopper (16), to the bottom wall (50) and one seed support plate (52) located in the spatial relation to the bottom (50). The seed support plate (52), the bottom wall (50) and the outer wall (48) create a chamber (54) whose dome (52) is a plate with holes. Air is supplied to the passage hole (58), thereby air is supplied to the injection chamber (54) in the tubular piece (30) through the hole (60) on the base plate (52) substantially concentric with the longitudinal axis (32). In addition, there is a screen (62) on the hole (60) that prevents seeds from entering the chamber (54). While this patent mentions having a shielded or porous plate on which to rest the seeds subjected to through airflow through the plate, there is no indication that the primary airflow (from the fan) is split into two separate streams: one to "lighten" the seeds on the plate, and another flow that moves the seeds, while the function of the first air flow is independent of the second.

[0023] In the published application US 2017/00318737 A1, additional to the previous US 2017/0318737 A1, a metering device for controlling the amount of seeds supplied is protected. The numerical references mentioned here refer to the claims US 2017/00318737 A1. Using an adjustable flow control part, there is an easy way to control the intake and transport of granular material in the air stream. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the consumption of material like rapeseed and sorghum, and increase for material that is more difficult to absorb, like corn and soybeans. The feeder in Fig. 4a-4d encompasses the receiving area (102) which has a base (1021), a roof (1022) and a pair of side walls (1023). The receiving point is located in the longitudinal direction, generally straight between the region of the air inlet (102a) and the air outlet (102b), and so parallel to the air flow. The receiving point has a material inlet (102 s), it is open in the horizontal direction. The material inlet may extend between the base and the bottom (1023') of the side wall (1023). The roof (1022) extends along the entire reception area and the height can be adjusted. When the roof is in the top position (fig. 4c), the flow will show the lowest value, at a certain flow and pressure from the air source. When the roof is in the down position (fig. 4d), the flow rate will be higher than shown in fig. 4c, which makes it possible to move larger or heavier granules. The roof (1022) can be permanently adjusted. In this case, the division of the air flow into the two above-mentioned flows is also not shown.

[0024] US Patent 8,800,458 (the references herein refer only to this patent) protects one hopper (10) falling into a longitudinal plate, under it there are many holes, inside which the seeds are moved by air flow and sent to individual dosing devices. The air distributor (12) includes one single air inlet that enters inside (500) and then to the grid (124), where it lifts and moves the seeds to the outlet (22). Grids (14) - fixed. Although this patent also uses a perforated floor through which air passes, the airflow is not divided and there is only one airflow which "lightens" the seeds and transports them.

[0025] US Pat. No. 5,979,343 (references cited here apply only to this patent) shows a design of a seed distributor chamber located between the blower (60) and the distributor, which includes a damping plate (95) having several holes (100) on a fixed plate, aligned with the primary pipes. The damping plate (95) can move vertically with respect to the fixed plate, varying the air flow, which is very evenly distributed over the entire row of outlets (100). According to FIG. 3, there is a counter plate with triangular holes (137) and an opposing plate (100), to accelerate the restriction of the passage of air going changed due to the presence of a damping plate (95) when moving from the other (137). In this patent we see a regulator for air acceleration which does not foresee the separation of the primary flow into two independent flows, and this flow acceleration is a function of the position of the relative plates, and does not constitute the Venturi effect in the proper sense.

[0026] Looking at the patent US 8.800.458, in which references belong to the specified document, we see that in it compressed air enters the manifold (500) from (12A). Each base (121A) includes a perforated (124) breathable surface. Seeds fall on the perforated surface (124). Air passes through the perforated surface (124) in the direction of the arrow (132) (FIG. 7), producing agitation of the seeds. This agitation causes the seeds to be mixed and lifted by the air flow passing through the air mover 12A to be discharged through the discharge opening (22). The air movement device (12) includes an air channel (130). Air enters the air outlet duct (130). There is a division (138) inside the air mover which divides the air into two streams. The first flow goes up through the perforated surface (124) and pushes the seeds up inside the mixing chamber (505) and the second flow goes through the hole (134) and recombines with the first air at the outlet (22). The second air stream without seeds will have more power and/or speed than the first air stream. Therefore, when the streams are recombined, the second stream assists the first one in discharging the seeds through the outlet (22). This airflow feature is especially useful for releasing seeds, preventing blockage, and reducing seed flow when blocked. However, despite the fact that with this design a division of the air flow coming from the fan is obtained, there is no means of individually accelerating the air flow of movement in the exit pipes to the hoses, nor is there a regulator of the air flow passing through the screened or porous plates, thereby achieving stable relationship between two separate streams, without the possibility of regulating one of them.

[0026] Objects of the present invention:

[0027] The object of this invention is a device for transporting and distributing solid particles on demand. This device receives solid particles from the main hopper and deposits on the porous floor per air passage, this refers to the distribution device, which is influenced from the bottom up by the first air flow, and the seeds are moved by the second air flow, independent of the first flow.

[0028] It is also an object of this invention to provide a source of compressed air under pressure capable of creating an air flow entering the distributor of solid particles, such as seeds or granules. This air stream is divided into two streams; one of them passes over the porous floor, activating the seeds, directing them to the distribution manifold channel. And the second flow is accelerated, crossing, at the moment of maximum acceleration, the distribution channel, opposite which, this second air flow, in turn, is divided into many flows, individually accelerated by the Venturi effect and entering the same number of pipes or hoses that move solid particles and lead them to additional hoppers and from there to dispensers.

[0029] It is also an object of the invention that the first flow passing through the breathable floor has a selectively adjustable air volume controller that affects it, which allows you to adjust the second air flow.

[0030] Brief description of the invention:

[0031] A PARTICULATE ON-DEMAND SUPPLY DEVICE USED IN AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY, such as an agricultural machine, which includes a compressed air source capable of generating an airflow to the particulate distributor. The specified distributor consists of a body formed by side walls, a bottom and an arch, consists of a front part through which the air flow from the air source penetrates and a rear end wall, from which at least one outlet leads for air outlet and transportation of solid particles . This agricultural machinery includes at least one main hopper, from the bottom of which solid particles are fed into the said distribution area, which in turn has an air-permeable plate, on which solid particles settle and are exposed to at least a part of the previously mentioned air flow from distributor. After the distributor, the particles guided by the previously mentioned air flow enter at least one hose connected to at least one outlet for air outlet from the distributor, characterized in that the inside of this distributor is adjacent to the opposite side of the air intake. The distributor has an upper and lower channels, both open towards the inlet of the distributor, with one located vertically above the other, and both separated from each other.

The upper channel is formed between two strictly horizontal walls located at a distance from each other, and ending at a strictly vertical wall, which goes from the bottom of the distributor, abuts against the lower edge of the air-permeable plate, crosses it and then continues to an average height between the said air-permeable plate and the walls hopper, forming a tooth or free edge. At least part of the upper wall of the distributor, which is part of the upper channel mentioned above, is defined by an air-permeable plate communicating with the bottom of the hopper, on which the solid particles coming from the main hopper are deposited. The aforementioned prong, or free edge, protrudes towards the chamber formed by the second wall, remote from the first, and terminating at the bottom of the main hopper, forming a channel between the aforementioned second wall and the prong. Positioned strictly parallel and distant from the first vertical wall, the second wall continues down until it reaches the bottom of the distributor and forms a vertical chamber in communication with at least the first nozzle of the second row, which is also in turn in communication with the aforementioned vertical chamber. The outlet of at least one nozzle of the second channel faces the channel of the second row, aligned along the axis with the first, the inlet of which coincides with the second vertical wall, and the opposite end of the specified channel of the second row is connected to at least one hose for dispensing solid particles. The air stream that enters the distributor is divided into two air streams: upper and lower. Moreover, the upper air flow enters the corresponding upper channel, and the lower air flow enters at least the nozzle of the first row, forming the lower channel, which passes into the vertical chamber through the said first vertical wall. Through the first channel, which is an air lock, the initially incoming air flow passes through the shielded plate. The initial flow sets the direction of the upward impulse acting on the solid particles, which settle on the air-permeable plate and then flow upward to the edge of the tooth of the first vertical wall, after which they fall into the vertical chamber and then enter the next flow formed by the first nozzle of the second channel.

[0032] Detailed description of the accompanying drawings:

[0033] To illustrate an example of a preferred use of the invention, the following illustrative drawings are attached, supported by the description below. Whereas this example of the use of the invention should be considered as one of the many possible designs, it should not be limited only to it, including recommendations within the scope of the patentability of the invention illustrated in the pictures; a detailed description of the construction of this invention is provided in the first paragraph of the claims contained in the relevant chapter of the Claims.

[0034] Throughout these drawings, the same references refer to the same and/or equivalent details of the invention.

[0035] FIG. 1, as noted, is a known and typical prior art diagram showing schematically the location of the blower, the main hopper, the location of the distributor, and the drive hoses for supplying solids to additional hoppers and proportioners.

[0036] FIG. 2 shows in perspective with a partial section of the switchgear structure

devices of this invention;

[0037] FIG. 3 shows section AA of FIG. 2.

[0038] FIG. 4 shows a section of the BB of FIG. 3, and

[0039] FIG. 5 shows the construction of the present invention to scale.

[0040] FIG. 1 has already been described in previous paragraphs [0012] and [0017] to which we refer. The purpose of this drawing is to provide one of the many possible uses of a distributor (11) installed in an agricultural machine, the distributor that is the reason for this invention.

[0041] In FIG. 2, in perspective with a partial section, one of the possible designs of the distributor (11) of the present invention is shown, according to which the air flow inlet through (12, 13) is indicated by (18), and in accordance with already known technology, enters a closed internal part (space) (19) of the distributor, which ideally is a divergent structure, but not strictly necessary. This design has the shape of an expanding rectangular cross-section (see Fig. 2 and 4). The inner space (19) has side walls (20), a bottom (21), a roof or vault (22). These planes, in turn, should preferably be even so as not to introduce turbulence amplifying factors into the air flow that enters (19) from (18). Inside the inlet (18), the interior of the distributor is partially closed by a vertical partition (23) from which leads at least one nozzle (24), ideally a plurality of parallel and predominantly horizontal nozzles (24), the inlets (25) of which communicate with the inner space (19) through the aforementioned partition (23) (see Fig. 4 and 5).

[0042] These nozzles (24) are parallel to each other, and each of them has an outlet (26). Above these nozzles there is an inclined-horizontal surface (27), located separately and under a plate, which is a continuation of the arch or roof (22). Between these segments a first channel is formed, predominantly horizontal (28), open towards the inner space (19), into which the first air flow (Cs) enters (FIGS. 2 and 5). The first channel is located separately and isolated from the second channels (29) formed as a result of a series of nozzles (24) through which the second air flow (Ci) enters. In fact, the air stream (C) entering (11) through (18) in the present invention is divided into two streams inside the distributor: the first upper air stream (Cs) and the second lower air stream (Ci).

[0043] The first channel (28) ends at a strictly vertical wall (30), which is connected to a shielded plate (31) or a breathable surface for the passage of air. The shielded plate (31), strictly horizontal and connected to the first channel of the distributor, is the base for receiving granular particles (seeds) (S) under the action of gravity, which come from the main hopper (10), and below, in the direction of air flow , as will be explained later, forms a continuation of a strictly vertical partition with a tooth (32), which, protruding above the breathable plate (31), forms a vertical space or chamber (33) between said partition with a tooth (32) and the opposite wall (10a). This wall (10a) is a continuation of the hopper (10) and is located strictly vertically and also perpendicular to the surface of the bottom (19) of the distributor (11).

[0044] In the aforementioned wall (10a), as well as in the axially aligned axes of the respective second channels (29) formed as a result of a series of nozzles (24), there are the same number of holes (34) belonging to the nozzles of the second row (35), which serve by extending the nozzles (24) so that the ducts (36) formed are separated and aligned with respect to (29).

[0045] The first channel (28), predominantly horizontal, is an air lock.

The specified airlock may be standard. What is necessary is to place the device in such a way that the flow (Cs) passing through the first channel (28) can be adjusted as desired. As an illustrative, but not the only example, this gateway is controlled by a plate (37) actuated by a lever (38). You can also use a butterfly valve (version not shown). As shown in FIG. 5, the position of the plate (37), depending on the change in the angle "r", determines the change in the flow rate (Cs).

[0046] FIG. 5 it can be seen that in the preferred design of the invention, but not the only one, each channel (29) decreases in diameter, gradually narrowing from its inlet (23) to the outlet (26), where it enters the vertical chamber (33) and beyond passes into the corresponding, axially aligned, air ducts of the second row (36), which in turn gradually increase in diameter from the inlet (34) to the outlet (39) and form a Venturi effect for each pair of nozzles (24, 35).

[0047] The principle of operation of this invention:

[0048] With the help of the above drawings, the air driven by the fan (12) enters through (18) into the space (19) of the distributor (11). There it collides with the entrance to the upper channel (28) and the lower channel (29) and is divided into two streams: upper (Cs) and lower (Ci).

[0049] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top airflow (Cs) enters through (18) and passes through the breather plate (31), which can be achieved by a shielded or perforated plate, which in turn is an extension of the distributor housing ( eleven).

[0050] Solid particles (seeds) "S" fall by gravity, as shown by the arrow "Q", on the plate (31) mentioned earlier, where they receive an upward movement "a" under the influence of the air flow (Ci), which in in turn directs the seeds "S" to the upper edge or tooth (32) of the first vertical wall (30). Overcoming (32) the seeds fall at point "b" into the space of the vertical chamber (33).

Having reached the bottom of the specified vertical chamber (33), the seeds are affected by the lower air flow (Ci). The air flow is accelerated due to the Venturi effect, as well as due to the above-mentioned air flow, displaced by the outlet (26) of the nozzle (24) of the second channel and enters the inlet of the second row nozzle (35).

The airflow damper (37) allows the flows (Cs) and (Ci) to be changed, whereby the same distributor (11) can be used for a wide range of solid particles "S" depending on their granulometry, relative humidity and specific weight.

Claims (17)

1. On-demand solids feeder applied in agricultural machinery, such as agricultural machine, which includes - a source of compressed air capable of creating an air flow entering the solids distributor, consisting of - a housing formed by the side walls, the bottom and the arch of the front part, through which the air flow from the air source penetrates and the rear end wall, from which at least one outlet leads to the exit of air and transportation of solid particles; - at least one main hopper, from the bottom of which the solid particles are supplied to the said distribution area, which in turn has an air-permeable plate, on which the solid particles settle and are exposed to at least part of the previously mentioned air flow from the distributor, and after the distributor, the particles guided by the previously mentioned air flow enter at least one hose connected to at least one outlet for air outlet from the distributor, characterized in that the inside of this distributor is adjacent to the opposite side of the air intake, and the distributor itself has upper and lower channels, both open towards the inlet of the distributor, with one located vertically above the other, and both separated from each other, and the upper channel is formed between two strictly horizontal walls located at a distance from each other and ending at a strictly vertical wall, which goes from the bottom of the distributor, abuts against the lower edge of the breathable plate, crosses it and then continues to the average height between the said breathable plate and the walls hopper, forming a tooth or free edge, while at least part of the upper wall of the distributor, which is part of the upper channel mentioned above, is defined by an air-permeable plate communicating with the bottom of the hopper, on which solid particles coming from the main hopper settle, and the aforementioned prong, or free edge, protrudes towards the chamber formed by the second wall remote from the first and ending at the bottom of the main hopper, forming a channel between the aforementioned second wall and the prong, while located strictly parallel and distant from the first vertical wall, the second wall continues down until it reaches the bottom of the distributor and forms a vertical chamber communicated with at least the first nozzle of the second row, which, in turn, communicates with the aforementioned vertical chamber; the outlet of at least one nozzle of the second channel faces the channel of the second row, aligned along the axis with the first, the inlet of which coincides with the second vertical wall, and the opposite end of the specified channel of the second row is connected to at least one hose for dosing solid particles, and the air flow that enters the distributor is divided into two air flows: upper and lower, and the upper air flow enters the corresponding upper channel, and the lower air flow enters at least the first row nozzle, forming the lower channel, which passes into the vertical chamber through the said first vertical wall, while through the first channel, which is an air lock, the initially incoming air flow passes through the shielded plate, and at the same time, the initial flow sets the direction of the upward impulse acting on the solid particles that settle on the air-permeable plate and then flow upward to the edge of the tooth of the first vertical wall, after which they fall into a vertical chamber and then enter the next stream formed by the first nozzle of the second channel. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower wall of the first channel is an upwardly diverging inclined wall, made to allow the first air flow to enter through it, and the air-permeable plate is located strictly horizontally and is a continuation of the distributor arch. 3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the breathable plate is a screened or perforated plate. 4. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the second channel is formed by a plurality of nozzles parallel to each other with a decreasing circular cross section, each of which forms a Venturi effect. 5. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the first channel is an air lock, the air flow in which is controlled by a rotary damper or butterfly damper.

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