SU938791A1

SU938791A1 - Pneumatic sower

Info

Publication number: SU938791A1
Application number: SU813239713A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Сергей Александрович Кузнецов; Владимир Петрович Иванов
Original assignee: Кубанский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Сельскохозяйственный Институт
Priority date: 1981-01-23
Filing date: 1981-01-23
Publication date: 1982-06-30

Description

(54) ПНЕВМАТИЧЕСКАЯ СЕЯЛКА(54) PNEUMATIC SEALER

1one

Изобретение относитс к сельскохоз йственному машиностроению, а именно к пневматическим се лкам.FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to pneumatic seals.

Известна пневматическа се лка включающа бункер с питателем, воздуходувку , распределительный трубопровод с высевными отверсти ми, возвратный трубопровод и отделитель материала с выгрузным окном (1.A pneumatic plant comprising a hopper with a feeder, a blower, a distribution pipeline with sowing holes, a return pipeline and a material separator with an unloading window (1.

Недостатками пневматической се лки вл ютс повреждение высеваемого материала , обусловленное большим количеством соударений при многократной циркул ции его по системе распределени аэросмеси за счет механического воздействи в отделителе материала, а также неравномерность высева из-за переменной величины сопротивлени по длине распределительных трубопроводов .The disadvantages of pneumatic seeding are damage to the material being sown due to a large number of collisions during its multiple circulation through the aerosol distribution system due to mechanical impact in the material separator, as well as irregularity of seeding due to the variable resistance value along the length of the distribution pipelines.

Наиболее близкой по технической сущности к предлагаемой вл етс пневматическа се лка, содержаща бункер дл сем н , воздухораспределительную систему, включающую стабилизатор давлени , коммуникационный канал, соединенный через синхронизатор с источником сжатого воздуха и сообщенный через проточные каналы с дозаторами в виде вихревых камер, кажда из которых имеет высевной патрубок и два сопла 2.The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a pneumatic splitter comprising a seed hopper, an air distribution system including a pressure stabilizer, a communication channel connected through a synchronizer to a source of compressed air and communicated through flow channels to metering devices in the form of vortex chambers, each of which has a seeding pipe and two nozzles 2.

Недостатками известной се лки вл ютс неравномерность высева между отдель5 ными аппаратами, так как количество высеваемого материала зависит от соотношени мощности аэродинамических потоков, истекающих из сопел питани и управлени , а объединение одноименных 10 сопел при их незначительном размерном отличии через проточные камеры не позвол ет получить подобие этих соотношений в разных аппаратах. Кроме этого, конструкци се лки сложна, так как дозирующие элементы требуют две отдельных коммуникационных ветви дл воздушных потоков к соплам питани и управлени .The disadvantages of the well-known crop are the unevenness of seeding between separate devices, since the amount of material sown depends on the ratio of the power of aerodynamic flows emanating from the power and control nozzles, and the combination of the same 10 nozzles does not allow to obtain similarity through the flow chambers these ratios in different devices. In addition, the construction of the cutter is complicated, since the metering elements require two separate communication branches for air flow to the power and control nozzles.

Цель изобретени - повышение равномерности высева и упрощение конструкции се лки.The purpose of the invention is to improve the uniformity of seeding and simplify the construction of the crop.

20Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что20 The goal is achieved by the fact that

Claims

A pressure stabilizer is connected between the seed flow synchronizer and the compressed air source, and in the upper part of the end wall of each metering unit there is an outlet opening opposite which an additional nozzle is installed, with the outlet opening of each metering unit communicating with the seed pipe, and the nozzles of each metering unit are located opposite each other and are directed tangentially to the bottom of the vortex chamber. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic seeding; in fig. 2 - metering unit with seed bin, longitudinal section; The pneumatic seeds contain a bunker 1, for seeds, an air distribution system including a source 2 of compressed air, which through a stabilizer 3 of pressure and a synchronizer 4 of seed flow connected to the drive wheel of the seed (not shown), communicates with the communication channel 5, communicated through the flow channels 6 with dispensers 7 in the form of vortex chambers 8 with a seeding pipe 9 and nozzles 10-12. In the end wall of the dispenser, an outlet opening 13 is provided, opposite which the nozzle 12 is installed. The outlet opening 13 communicates with the seed pipe 9, and the nozzles 10 and 11 of each of the dispensers are located opposite to each other and directed tangentially to the bottom of the vortex chamber. Selka works as follows. Seeds from the hopper 1 by gravity flow into the vortex chamber 8 of the dispenser 7, to the nozzles 10, 11 and 12, to which air from the compressed air source 2 is supplied through a pressure stabilizer 3, a pneumatic synchronizer 4 of the seed flow, a communication channel 5 and a flow channel 6. When the aerodynamic flow emanating from the seed nozzles interacts, the latter are set in motion, rising in the central part of the vortex chamber and descending along the peripheral walls, forming two vortex flows in the vortex chamber. The aerodynamic flow, which flows from the upper metering nozzle 12, ejects air from the vortex chamber, while pulling some of the seeds through the outlet 13 into the seed pipe 9, preventing the accumulation of seeds in the upper part of the vortex chamber and the formation of a dome in the outlet i.e. contribute to the sustainability of the flow of the seeding process, which makes it possible to obtain a uniform seeding between the dosing units. The change in the performance of the dispensers is made by changing the air flow flowing out of the nozzles 10-12 using a pneumatic synchronizer 4 of the seed flow connected to the drive wheel of the seed. The proposed crop significantly improves the uniformity of seeding and simplifies the design. This ultimately improves the reliability of the seeding process. The simplification of the air distribution system leads to a decrease in the material consumption of the seed as a whole. The increase in the uniform distribution of seeds leads to an increase in yield by increasing the feeding area of each plant. Claims of Pneumatic Seed, containing a seed hopper, an air distribution system including a pressure stabilizer, a communication channel connected via a seed flow synchronizer to a compressed air source and communicated through flow channels with dispensers in the form of vortex chambers, each of which has a seeding port and two nozzles, characterized in that, in order to improve the seeding uniformity and simplify the design, a pressure stabilizer is connected between the seed flow synchronizer and the source is compressed air, and in the upper part of the end wall of each of the dispensers, there is an outlet opening opposite which an additional nozzle is installed, with the outlet of each of the dispensers communicating with the sowing nozzle, and the nozzles of each of the dispensers are facing one another and directed tangentially to the lower part of the vortex cameras. Sources of information taken into account in the examination of 1, USSR Copyright Certificate № 668639, cl. A 01 C 7/04, 1979.

2. USSR author's certificate for application number 2773717, cl. And OG S 7/04, 1979, (prototype) ..