RU2780833C1 - Method for obtaining products of thermal degradation of rubber crumbs obtained from used car tires - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waste processing.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for obtaining products of thermal destruction of rubber crumbs. The method includes preliminary placement of the rubber crumbs in the cavity of the storage hopper, displacement of ambient air oxygen from the locations of the rubber crumbs, transportation and feeding into the cavity for thermal destruction, thermal destruction, subsequent separation of thermal destruction products. What is new is that a storage hopper, a screw conveyor, a centrifugal impact mill and a group cyclone are used. They are connected to each other in such a way that the output of the storage hopper is connected with the input of the screw conveyor, the output of the screw conveyor is connected with the input of the centrifugal impact mill, and the output of the centrifugal impact mill is connected with the inputs of the group cyclone. Rubber crumbs with a humidity of 9-12% and with dimensions of 2-6 mm are used. The rubber crumbs are heated to 50-80°C when being fed into the hopper cavity by supplying flue gases at an excess pressure of 0.2 bar. The rubber crumbs are heated to 310-340°C and humidity is decreased to 0.9-1.1% in the screw conveyor. Thermal destruction is carried out at a temperature of 800-810°C.

EFFECT: expansion of the arsenal of technical means, as well as the simplification of the method and an increase in the efficiency of heat transfer.

1 cl, 10 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the thermal destruction of hydrocarbon raw materials, which was used in the manufacture of devices that have exhausted their resource, in particular to the thermal destruction of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, the invention can be used in industry, agriculture and other sectors of the economy, where actions are carried out on thermal destruction of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires.

A known method of thermal destruction of worn tires, in which crushed tires are pyrolyzed in a reactor at a temperature of 550-800 ° C in a reducing gas medium obtained in a reducing gas generator by burning gases containing hydrocarbons, and pyrolysis products are separated (RU 2 269 415 C2) .

A known method of thermal destruction of worn tires in the environment of recirculating gases of pyrolysis in the reactor at a temperature of 200-500°C, with the separation of pyrolysis products by separation apparatus (RU 2339510 C1).

A known method of thermal destruction of worn tires, including their loading into the reactor, pyrolysis of the material at a temperature of 550-800°C in a reducing gas environment, followed by separation of the pyrolysis products and unloading of the solid residue (RU 2 139 187 C1).

There is also known a method of thermal destruction of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, including preheating of crushed crumb, its subsequent thermal destruction at a temperature of 380-500°C, separation of thermal degradation products into liquid and solid fractions (RU 2 391 359 C1). The specified technical solution, as the closest, both in terms of the essential features and the achieved technical result, including the purpose, is selected as the closest analogue (prototype) for the claimed invention "Method of obtaining thermal degradation products of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires" . Regarding the chosen generic concept of the claimed invention, the applicant considers it necessary to note that when using the name "Method for obtaining products of thermal destruction of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires" in the title of the claimed invention, the purpose will most fully correspond to its actual content, t.to. it is the use of the specified name that ensures that the claimed object is properly identified and indicates the intended purpose.

Technical problem: the known method for obtaining products of thermal degradation of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires (hereinafter also the method) has a number of significant drawbacks, which are as follows. The method is difficult to implement, because involves the use of a large number of functionally independent devices with complex connections between them. The method does not have the required efficiency in terms of heat transfer of thermal energy from the source to rubber crumb obtained from used car tires (hereinafter also rubber crumb, crumb), both during heating and during thermal destruction of the crumb. The known method does not use the entire arsenal of actions with the crumb, aimed at increasing the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the source to the rubber crumb, which requires more time to heat the crumb and its subsequent thermal destruction.

As a general rule, the more individual devices involved in the process of implementing the method, the more difficult the method, and, therefore, reducing the number of devices used achieves the goal of simplifying the method. The combination of individual actions of the method in one device is a means aimed at simplifying the method, because the number of devices used is decreasing.

As a general rule, the more factors that have a positive effect on the process of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the crumb are involved in the heat transfer process, the more efficient the heat transfer process.

The identified technical problem is significant and requires its resolution. The actual circumstances indicate the existence of a need to expand the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose or to create them for the first time.

The problem to be solved by the claimed method of obtaining products of thermal destruction of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires: expanding the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose or creating them for the first time by creating a new method with a generic feature "Method of obtaining products of thermal destruction of rubber crumb obtained from used tires", as well as simplifying the method and increasing the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the crumb, and, consequently, reducing the time required to heat the crumb and its subsequent thermal destruction.

As a general rule, a technical problem may consist in expanding the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose or creating them for the first time, which is solved by creating a technical solution that is alternative to a known solution (creating a variant of a known solution), or it can consist in creating a tool for a specific purpose for the first time, while as the technical result provided by the invention, the implementation of the specified purpose by the invention should be considered.

The resulting technical result (main) - the implementation of the destination.

The resulting technical result (additional) is a simplification of the method for obtaining products of thermal degradation of rubber crumb (hereinafter also rubber crumb, crumb, product) obtained from used car tires, increasing the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to rubber crumb obtained from used car tires.

The technical result is a characteristic of the technical effect, phenomenon, properties, etc., objectively manifested in the manufacture or use of the device.

As a general rule, if during the creation of an invention the task of expanding the arsenal of technical means for a certain purpose or obtaining such means for the first time is solved, then the technical result consists in the implementation of this purpose.

As a general rule, if an invention provides several technical results, it is recommended to indicate all the technical results known to the applicant.

The technical results are presented by the applicant in such a way as to enable the specialist to understand their semantic content based on the prior art.

The Applicant disclosed the problem to be solved by the claimed invention, indicating the obtained technical results.

The essence of the claimed method lies in the fact that in the method for obtaining products of thermal destruction of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires (hereinafter also the method), including its preliminary placement in the cavity of the storage hopper, the displacement of oxygen from the environment from the locations of the crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, its transportation and supply to the cavity for thermal destruction, thermal destruction, subsequent separation of thermal destruction products into a gaseous mixture and a solid fraction by means of a group cyclone, according to the invention, it produces products of thermal destruction of rubber crumb obtained from used automobile tires, using a storage hopper, a screw conveyor, a centrifugal impact mill and a group cyclone, which communicate with each other in such a way that the output of the storage hopper communicates with the input of the screw conveyor, the output of the screw conveyor hyera communicate with the inlet of the centrifugal impact mill, and the output of the centrifugal impact mill communicate with the inputs of the group cyclone, while using rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, with a moisture content of 9-12% and with dimensions of 2-6 mm., bunker- the accumulator is formed by a hopper, a hopper cavity, a rotary feeder, an outlet pipe, a feed screw conveyor with an adjustable electric drive, a horizontal hollow body with a screw, a pipe for supplying flue gases and a loading neck, the outlet pipe is connected with the upper region of the hopper cavity, a horizontal hollow body is connected with a screw with the lower area of the hopper cavity, the pipe for supplying flue gases communicates with a horizontal hollow body with a screw, the rotary feeder is fixed at the bottom of the hopper and communicates with the hopper cavity, the screw conveyor is formed in the form of an external casing with an outer cavity, upper section, middle section and lower section, place them horizontally, while the average the fence is placed under the upper section and above the lower section, the upper section, the middle section and the lower section are placed in the outer cavity, the outer cavity is connected with the inlet and outlet nozzles for the coolant, the upper section is made with an adjustable upper individual electric drive, the upper tubular casing, the upper longitudinal cavity , the upper screw with the upper pipe, the upper cavity is tubular, the upper spiral with a spiral surface, the upper spiral is fixed to the upper pipe, the upper screw is placed in the upper longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicates it with an adjustable upper individual electric drive, a middle section is made with an adjustable average individual electric drive, water vapor cavity, steam discharge pipeline, middle tubular casing with through holes, middle longitudinal cavity, middle screw with middle tube, middle tubular cavity, middle spiral with spiral surface, with the cavity for water vapor is connected with a pipeline for removing water vapor, the through holes are connected with the cavity for water vapor, the middle spiral is fixed to the middle pipe, the middle screw is placed in the middle longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicates it with an adjustable middle individual electric drive, the lower section is made with an adjustable lower individual electric drive, a lower tubular casing, a lower longitudinal cavity, a lower screw with a lower pipe, a tubular lower cavity, a lower spiral with a spiral surface, fix the lower spiral to the lower pipe, place the lower screw in the lower longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicate with adjustable lower individual electric drive, communicate the upper tubular cavity, the middle tubular cavity and the lower tubular cavity between themselves and with the gaseous coolant supply and removal system, communicate the upper longitudinal cavity, the middle longitudinal cavity and the lower longitudinal cavity between at home and with a source of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, the rubber crumb obtained from used car tires is preheated to 50-80 ° C when it is fed into the hopper cavity by supplying flue gases under an overpressure of 0.2 bar in a horizontal hollow body with an auger through a pipe for supplying flue gases, while displacing the oxygen of the ambient air from the cavity of the bunker and other locations of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires and replacing it with a mixture of flue gases, while moving the crumb rubber obtained from used of automobile tires, into the lower section of the hopper cavity, and then into its upper section to the outlet pipe, heat the steel elements of the screw conveyor, which are designed for direct contact with crumb rubber obtained from used automobile tires, up to 310-340 ° C by continuous supply of smoke gases with a temperature of 340-380°C in an external cavity, a temperature of 800-810 ° C is created in the cavity for thermal destruction and the chamber wall, then the rubber crumb obtained from used car tires is heated by transferring thermal energy to it by means of heat transfer from steel elements of the screw heated to 310-340 ° C conveyor, which are brought into direct contact with rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, and at the same time, with the specified heating, it is mixed and moved by means of the upper screw with the upper pipe and the upper spiral, the middle screw with the middle pipe and the middle spiral, the lower screw with lower pipe and lower spiral, reduce the moisture content of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires to 0.9 - 1.1% at the exit of the screw conveyor, while the diameters of the upper spiral, middle spiral and lower spiral are made and placed relative to each other in such a way so that the diameter of the middle spiral is larger than the diameter of the upper spiral, but less than the diameter of the lower spiral, and the middle screw with the middle pipe and the middle spiral is rotated at a lower speed compared to the rotation speed of the upper screw with the upper pipe and the upper spiral, but at a higher speed compared to the rotation speed of the lower screw with the lower pipe and the lower spiral , and for thermal destruction, a centrifugal impact mill is used, which is made in the form of a unit for receiving and subsequent scattering of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, a chamber with a chamber wall, an annular groove and a cavity for conducting thermal destruction, moreover, the unit for receiving and supply of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is made in the form of an electric drive that spreads a horizontal disk, a vertical drive shaft, one end of which communicates with the electric drive, and the other with a horizontal spreading disk, while the horizontal spreading disk is set relative to of the annular groove in such a way that the supply of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires into the cavity for thermal destruction is carried out from the upper region of the spreading horizontal disk and the upper region of the annular groove, and the removal of thermal degradation products from the cavity for thermal destruction is carried out from under spreading horizontal disk and the lower region of the annular groove, and the spreading of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is carried out by means of centrifugal force, which is formed as a result of rotation of the spreading horizontal disk, while the section of the chamber wall, which is placed opposite the spread rubber crumb obtained from used car tires are made concave, mechanical destruction of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is carried out simultaneously into smaller fragments due to its collision with a heated concave th section of the chamber wall and their heating, as a result of the transfer of thermal energy from the heated concave section of the chamber wall and the heated gaseous mixture placed in the cavity for thermal destruction.

The efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the transported rubber crumb, on the segment of the path from the storage hopper to the centrifugal impact mill, is significantly affected by the following main factors:

- surface area of heat transfer of thermal energy;

- area of contact of the transported rubber crumb with a source of thermal energy;

- constant mixing of the peripheral volume of the moving rubber crumb with its central volume, which has a lower temperature compared to the peripheral volume;

- intensity of mixing of the peripheral volume of crumb rubber with its central volume.

To ensure an increase in the area of heat transfer of thermal energy from the source of thermal energy to the transported rubber crumb, on the segment of the path from the storage hopper to the centrifugal impact mill, a screw conveyor of a unique design is used, which makes it possible to use all of these factors aimed at increasing the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the transported crumb rubber.

The surface area of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the transported rubber crumb, in the used screw conveyor, is formed by the surfaces of heated steel elements located along the perimeter of the moving rubber crumb flow. It is this circumstance that makes it possible to indicate that the surface area of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the transported rubber crumb has the maximum allowable value.

The area of direct contact of the transported rubber crumb with the source of thermal energy is determined by the outer surface of the flow of the transported rubber crumb, which in cross section has the shape of a trapezoid, which ensures maximum contact with the surfaces of the heated steel elements of the screw conveyor, enveloping the moving flow of crumb rubber.

Constant mixing of the peripheral volume of the moving rubber crumb with its central volume, which has a lower temperature compared to the peripheral volume, is aimed at increasing the efficiency of heat transfer from the source of thermal energy to the transported crumb, and at increasing the efficiency of heat transfer between the elements of the transported rubber crumb flow.

The intensity of mixing of the peripheral volume of rubber crumb, with its central volume, is provided by an increase in the number of revolutions of the screw conveyor screw at a constant performance. This condition is provided by a screw conveyor, which is made in the form of three sections with different design dimensions and different speeds of rotation of the screws, but having equal productivity, which is achieved due to the fact that the diameter of the middle spiral is greater than the diameter of the upper spiral, but less than the diameter of the lower spiral, and rotate the middle screw with the middle tube and the middle scroll at a slower speed than the top screw with the top pipe and top scroll, but at a higher speed compared to the speed of the bottom screw with the bottom pipe and bottom scroll.

The efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the transported rubber crumb, on the segment of the path from the screw conveyor to the group cyclone, is significantly affected by the following main factors:

- a significant increase in the area of rubber crumb by its mechanical destruction into small fragments directly in the cavity for thermal destruction;

- repeated collision of small fragments of rubber crumb with heated steel surfaces of the elements of a centrifugal impact mill, as well as small fragments among themselves directly in the cavity for thermal destruction.

These factors are implemented due to the fact that the section of the chamber wall, which is placed opposite the scattered rubber crumb, is made concave. It is this circumstance that simultaneously provides mechanical destruction of rubber crumb into smaller fragments due to its collision with a heated concave section of the chamber wall, rebound of small fragments from the concave section of the chamber wall and subsequent repeated impact on the latter, as well as collisions of small fragments against each other. As a result of these collisions, the outer area of the rubber crumb increases by 20–50 times, which inevitably leads to an increase in the efficiency of heat transfer.

The essence of the invention as a technical solution is expressed by the applicant in the totality of essential features sufficient to solve the technical problem and achieve the specified technical results. It is the claimed set of features of the invention that is necessary for the invention to realize the purpose indicated in the generic concept, as well as to obtain an additional technical result - simplifying the method for obtaining thermal degradation products of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, increasing the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to rubber crumb, obtained from used car tires.

The claimed invention is a technical solution related to the method, because the claims contain a set of essential features related to the method, sufficient to solve the specified technical problem and achieve the specified technical results.

The claimed invention does not contradict the known laws of nature and the knowledge of modern science about them. The applicant below provides a justification for achieving the technical results provided by the invention.

The claimed features of the invention, which are expressed in the independent claim, are essential, because they affect the possibility of obtaining the specified technical results, i.e. are in a direct causal relationship with the technical results.

A comparative analysis of the claimed invention with the prototype shows that the claimed invention has common features with the prototype:

- pre-placed in the cavity of the storage hopper rubber crumb obtained from used car tires;

- displace the oxygen of the air of the environment from the locations of the rubber crumb obtained from used car tires;

- crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is transported and fed into the cavity for thermal destruction;

- carry out thermal destruction;

- carry out the subsequent separation of the thermal degradation products into a gaseous mixture and a solid fraction by means of a group cyclone.

The claimed invention differs from the prototype in new features:

- products of thermal destruction of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires are obtained using a storage hopper, a twin screw conveyor, a centrifugal impact mill and a group cyclone that communicate with each other in such a way that the output of the storage hopper communicates with the input of the screw conveyor, the output of the screw conveyor is connected to the input of the centrifugal impact mill, and the output of the centrifugal impact mill is connected to the inputs of the group cyclone;

- rubber crumb is used, obtained from used car tires, with a moisture content of 9-12% and with dimensions of 2-6 mm;

- the storage hopper is formed by a hopper, a hopper cavity, a rotary feeder, an outlet pipe, a feed screw conveyor with an adjustable electric drive, a horizontal hollow body with a screw, a pipe for supplying flue gases and a loading neck;

- report the discharge pipe with the upper region of the cavity of the hopper;

- report a horizontal hollow body with auger with the lower region of the cavity of the hopper;

- a branch pipe for supplying flue gases communicate with a horizontal hollow body with a screw;

- fix the rotary feeder from the bottom of the hopper and communicate with the cavity of the hopper;

- the screw conveyor is formed in the form of an outer casing with a cavity of the outer, upper section, middle section and lower section, they are placed horizontally;

- the middle section is placed under the upper section and above the lower section;

- place the upper section, the middle section and the lower section in the outer cavity;

- communicate the external cavity with the inlet and outlet pipes for the coolant;

- the upper section is made with an adjustable upper individual electric drive, an upper tubular casing, an upper longitudinal cavity, an upper screw with an upper tube, an upper tubular cavity, an upper spiral with a spiral surface;

- fix the upper spiral to the upper tube;

- place the upper screw in the upper longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicate it with an adjustable upper individual electric drive;

- a middle section is made with an adjustable average individual electric drive, a cavity for water vapor, a pipeline for removing water vapor, an average tubular casing with through holes, an average longitudinal cavity, an average screw with an average pipe, an average tubular cavity, an average spiral with a spiral surface;

- inform the cavity for water vapor with a pipeline for the removal of water vapor;

- communicate through holes with a cavity for water vapor;

- fix the middle spiral to the middle pipe;

- place the middle screw in the middle longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicate it with an adjustable average individual electric drive;

- a lower section is made with an adjustable lower individual electric drive, a lower tubular casing, a lower longitudinal cavity, a lower screw with a lower tube, a lower tubular cavity, a lower spiral with a spiral surface;

- fix the lower spiral to the lower pipe;

- place the lower screw in the lower longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicate with an adjustable lower individual electric drive;

- communicate the upper tubular cavity, the middle tubular cavity and the lower tubular cavity to each other and to the gaseous coolant supply and removal system;

communicating the upper longitudinal cavity, the middle longitudinal cavity and the lower longitudinal cavity with each other and with a source of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires;

- carry out pre-heating of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires to 50-80°C when it is fed into the hopper cavity by supplying flue gases under an overpressure of 0.2 bar into a horizontal hollow body with an auger through a pipe for supplying flue gases;

- displace oxygen from the ambient air from the cavity of the bunker and other locations of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires and replace it with a mixture of flue gases;

moving crumb rubber obtained from used car tires into the lower section of the hopper cavity, and then into its upper section to the outlet pipe;

- heating the steel elements of the screw conveyor, which are intended for direct contact with crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, to 310-340°C by continuously supplying flue gases with a temperature of 340-380°C into the outer cavity;

- create a temperature of 800-810°C in the cavity for thermal destruction and the chamber wall;

- then, crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is heated by transferring thermal energy to it by means of heat transfer from steel elements of the screw conveyor heated to 310-340 ° C, which are brought into direct contact with crumb rubber obtained from used car tires;

- simultaneously, with the specified heating, it is mixed and moved by means of the upper screw with the upper pipe and the upper spiral, the middle screw with the middle pipe and the middle spiral, the lower screw with the lower pipe and the lower spiral;

- reduce the moisture content of crumb rubber, obtained from used car tires, to 0.9 - 1.1% at the outlet of the screw conveyor;

- the diameters of the upper spiral, the middle spiral and the lower spiral are made and placed relative to each other in such a way that the diameter of the middle spiral is greater than the diameter of the upper spiral, but less than the diameter of the lower spiral;

- rotate the middle screw with the middle pipe and the middle spiral at a lower speed compared to the rotation speed of the upper screw with the upper pipe and the upper spiral, but at a higher speed compared to the rotation speed of the lower screw with the lower pipe and the lower spiral;

- for thermal destruction, a centrifugal impact mill is used, which is made in the form of a unit for receiving and subsequent scattering of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, a chamber with a chamber wall, an annular groove and a cavity for thermal destruction;

- a unit for receiving and supplying rubber crumb obtained from used car tires is made in the form of an electric drive that spreads a horizontal disk, a vertical drive shaft, one end of which communicates with an electric drive, and the other with a spreading horizontal disk;

- the spreading horizontal disc is installed relative to the annular groove in such a way that the supply of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires into the cavity for thermal destruction is carried out from the upper region of the horizontal spreading disc and the upper region of the annular groove, and the removal of thermal degradation products from the cavity for thermal destruction carrying out thermal destruction is carried out from under the spreading horizontal disk and the lower region of the annular groove;

- spreading of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires is carried out by means of centrifugal force, which is formed as a result of rotation of the spreading horizontal disk;

- a section of the chamber wall, which is placed opposite the scattered rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, is made concave;

- simultaneous mechanical destruction of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires is carried out into smaller fragments due to its collision with a heated concave section of the chamber wall and their heating, as a result of the transfer of thermal energy from the heated concave section of the chamber wall and the heated gaseous mixture placed in cavities for thermal destruction.

The essence of the invention as a technical solution is expressed by the applicant in the totality of essential features sufficient to achieve the specified technical results and solve the technical problem. It is the claimed set of features of the invention that is necessary to solve a technical problem, to realize the purpose of the invention (achieving the main technical result) indicated in the generic concept, as well as to obtain additional technical results - simplifying the method for obtaining thermal degradation products of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, increasing the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the rubber crumb obtained from used car tires.

In FIG. 1 shows a method for obtaining products of thermal degradation of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires (hereinafter also the method); in fig. 2 - shows a general view of the storage hopper used to perform individual steps of the method; in fig. 3 shows a general view of the screw conveyor used to perform the individual steps of the method; in fig. 4 - shows a general view of the upper element of the screw conveyor used to perform individual steps of the method; in fig. 5 shows a general view of the middle element of the screw conveyor used to perform the individual steps of the method; in fig. 6 shows a general view of the lower element of the screw conveyor used to perform the individual steps of the method; in fig. 7 shows a cross-section of the flow of rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, formed during transportation in a screw conveyor; in fig. 8 shows a general view of the centrifugal impact mill used to perform the individual steps of the method; in fig. 9 shows a general view of the concave section of the chamber wall; in fig. 10 - shows a general view of the group cyclone used to perform individual steps of the method.

Taking into account that functionally independent devices communicated with each other are used to perform the actions of the method, in order to disclose the essence of the method, it is necessary to disclose the main design features of the devices used that affect the implementation of the method and the achievement of the claimed technical results. A number of elements of the devices used, for the effectiveness of the description, the applicant does not indicate positions in the drawing, because their presence, as well as their placement relative to other elements of the devices, are illustrated by the presented drawings.

Bunker - drive 1 (see Fig. 1) contains: hopper 5 (see Fig. 2), the cavity of the hopper 6, the rotary feeder 7, the horizontal hollow body with the auger 8, the branch pipe for supplying flue gases 9, the adjustable electric drive 10, the boot neck 11, outlet pipe 12. Rotary feeder 7 consists of a fixed body, a drive and a working body in the form of a rotating rotor located inside the fixed body, the drive is fixed to the fixed body and communicates with the working body. The functional purpose of the rotary feeder 7: ensuring the supply of crumbs from the cavity of the hopper 6 to the next device, namely to the screw conveyor. The cavity of the hopper 6 is designed to accommodate crumbs in it. A horizontal hollow body with an auger 8, a pipe for supplying flue gases 9, an adjustable electric drive 10 and a loading neck 11 form a feed screw conveyor that provides crumb supply to the cavity of the bin 6. The horizontal hollow body with the auger 8 is fixed to the lower region of the hopper 5 and communicates with the cavity hopper 6 to ensure the supply of crumbs to the latter, while filling the cavity of the hopper 6 is carried out from the lower region of the hopper 5 towards the upper region of the hopper 5, which ensures the movement of crumbs from the bottom up and is aimed at displacing the ambient air from the cavity of the hopper 6 through the outlet pipe 12. The adjustable electric drive 10 is fixed to the horizontal hollow body with the screw 8. The loading neck 11 is fixed to the horizontal hollow body with the screw 8 and provides crumb supply to the horizontal hollow body with the screw 8. The flue gas supply pipe 9 is fixed to the horizontal hollow body with the screw 8 and provides smoke supply exhaust gases, under an overpressure of 0.2 bar, into a horizontal hollow body with an auger 8, into the cavity of the hopper 6, as well as into other places of other devices where the crumb will be located. The outlet pipe 12 is connected with the cavity of the hopper 6 and ensures the removal of ambient air from the cavity of the hopper 6.

Bunker - drive 1 is used as follows. Before crumbs are fed into the cavity of the hopper 6, the cavity of the hopper 6 and all four devices (see Fig. 1) are purged with flue gases, under an overpressure of 0.2 bar, which are supplied through the pipe for supplying flue gases 9, which is necessary to remove air environment from the places where the baby will be located. The removal of ambient air is associated with the presence of oxygen in the ambient air, which is necessary to prevent oxidation and ignition of the crumbs when interacting with oxygen. The removal of ambient air from the cavity of the bin 6 is carried out through the outlet pipe 12. The supply of flue gases is carried out through the pipe for supplying flue gases 9 throughout the entire time of the method.

Overpressure is understood as the pressure measured from the current atmospheric pressure upwards, and, therefore, overpressure indicates how much pressure inside is greater than atmospheric pressure.

Flue gases are understood as gases that are obtained from the combustion of natural gas and are carriers of thermal energy.

About the selected overpressure of 0.2 bar.

The choice of the optimal flue gas overpressure is influenced by two factors: the amount of overpressure must be sufficient to displace the ambient air from all places of the four used devices where the crumb will be located; the amount of excess pressure should not blow out the crumb from the places where the crumb will be located.

The experiments performed showed that at an overpressure of 0.1 bar, there was no complete displacement of ambient air from all places of the four used devices (see Fig. 1), where there was a crumb.

The experiments performed showed that at an overpressure of 0.15 bar, there was no complete displacement of ambient air from all places of the four devices used.

The experiments performed showed that at an overpressure of 0.2 bar, the environmental air was completely expelled from all places of the four used devices where there was a crumb.

The experiments performed showed that at an overpressure of 0.21 bar, the crumb was partially blown out of the places where the crumb was located in the four used devices, while the thermal destruction of the crumb was not carried out.

The experiments performed showed that at an overpressure of 0.22 bar, the crumb was partially blown out of the places where the crumb was located in the four used devices, while the thermal destruction of the crumb was not carried out.

The experiments performed showed that at an overpressure of 0.23 bar, the crumb was partially blown out of the places where the crumb was located in the four used devices, while the thermal destruction of the crumb was not carried out.

From the information presented, it follows that an overpressure of 0.2 bar is optimal, and, therefore, should be used in the method.

The screw conveyor 2 (see Fig. 2) is formed by the following elements: the outer casing 13 (see Fig. 3), the upper inlet pipe for the coolant 14, the upper connecting pipe 15, the outlet pipe for the coolant lower 16, the lower tubular casing 17, adjustable lower individual electric drive 18, lower connecting pipe 19, middle tubular casing 20, adjustable middle individual electric drive 21, upper tubular casing 22, adjustable upper individual electric drive 23, loading pipe 24, upper spiral 25 with a spiral surface (hereinafter also upper spiral) (see Fig. 4) and diameter D1, upper pipe 26, upper tubular cavity 27, upper longitudinal cavity 28, outer cavity 29, pipeline for removing water vapor 30 (see Fig. 5), casing 31, middle spiral 32 with a spiral surface (hereinafter also the middle spiral) and diameter D2, middle pipe 33, middle tubular cavity 34, middle longitudinal cavity 35, through holes 36, floor awn for water vapor 37, lower longitudinal cavity 38 (see Fig. fig. 6), the lower spiral 39 with a spiral surface (hereinafter also the lower spiral) and diameter D3, the lower pipe 40, the lower tubular cavity 41. The screw conveyor 2 is placed between the storage hopper 1 and the centrifugal impact mill 3. The functional purpose of the screw conveyor 2 is - ensuring the transportation of crumbs from the storage hopper 1 to the centrifugal impact mill 3, heating the crumbs and dehumidifying water from the latter.

On the site of the middle tubular casing 20, through holes 36 are made, through which the middle longitudinal cavity 35 is connected to the cavity for water vapor 37, which communicates with the pipeline for removing water vapor 30. The boundary of the cavity for water vapor 37 is formed by the section of the middle tubular casing 20 and the casing 31 The water vapor is transferred from the middle longitudinal cavity 35 to the water vapor cavity 37, through the through holes 36, and then removed through the pipeline for removing water vapor 30 due to the formation of a pressure difference.

The outer casing 13 is the boundary of the outer cavity 29, communicated with the upper 14 coolant inlet pipe and the lower 16 coolant outlet pipe. The upper tubular casing 22, the middle tubular casing 20 and the lower tubular casing 17 are placed in the outer cavity 29 in such a way that their end sections partially protrude beyond the outer casing 13. As a result of this placement, thermal energy is transferred by convention from the coolant to the upper tubular casing 22, middle casing 20 and bottom casing 17, which are made of stainless steel. The upper longitudinal cavity 28, the middle longitudinal cavity 35 and the lower longitudinal cavity 38 are communicated with each other.

The upper tubular cavity 27, the middle tubular cavity 34 and the lower tubular cavity 41 are interconnected. The gaseous coolant is supplied through radial holes (conventionally not shown in the drawings) made in the lower pipe 40, which are connected with a coaxial cavity (conventionally not shown in the drawings), into which the gaseous coolant is supplied, which ensures heat transfer to the upper spiral 25 with a spiral surface and the top tube 26, to the middle spiral 32 with a spiral surface and the middle tube 33, to the bottom spiral with a spiral surface 39 and the down tube 40.

Technical solutions aimed at ensuring the supply of a coolant into a rotating cavity are widely known, which is confirmed by the source of patent information RU 2754048 C1 (published on August 25, 2021).

The loading pipe 24 is fixed to the upper tubular casing 22 and provides communication between the crumb source and the upper longitudinal cavity 28.

The upper connecting pipe 15 provides communication of the upper longitudinal cavity 28 with the middle longitudinal cavity 35. The lower connecting pipe 19 provides communication of the middle longitudinal cavity 35 with the lower longitudinal cavity 38. The crumb moves along the upper longitudinal cavity 28 in the direction from left to right. The crumb moves along the middle longitudinal cavity 35 from right to left. The crumb moves along the lower longitudinal cavity 38 in the direction from left to right.

Heated steel structural elements are formed on the screw conveyor, which are in direct contact with the moving crumb. When transporting crumbs in a screw conveyor, a stream is formed from it, the cross section of which is shown in Fig. 7, with surfaces D, D, E, B. The surface D communicates with the upper tubular casing 22, the middle tubular casing 20 and the lower tubular casing 17. Surfaces D and B communicate with the upper spiral 25, the middle spiral 32 and the lower spiral 39, which have spiral surfaces. Surface E communicates with the top tube 26, the middle tube 33 and the bottom tube 40. The crumb stream being transported is in direct contact with said heated steel elements of the screw conveyor. Thermal energy is transferred from the peripheral region of the transported crumb stream to its central region, i.e. from warmer areas to cooler ones. In the process of transporting the crumb stream, its peripheral region is constantly updated and mixed with the central regions of the crumb stream, which has a significant impact on improving the efficiency of heat transfer to the transported crumb stream throughout its volume.

The centrifugal impact mill 3 (see Fig. 8) is formed by the following elements: an electric drive 42, a supply pipeline 43, a vertical drive shaft 44, a chamber wall 45, an outer casing 46, an external cavity of the centrifugal impact mill 47, inlet pipes for the coolant 48, 55, cavity for thermal destruction 49, spreading horizontal disk 50, outlet nozzles for coolant 51.53, central outlet nozzle 52, support 54, annular groove 56. Functional purpose of the centrifugal impact mill 3: creation in the cavity for thermal destruction 49 required temperature; mechanical destruction of rubber crumb directly in the cavity for thermal destruction 49 into small fragments and thereby a significant increase in the area of rubber crumb; output of thermal destruction products outside the centrifugal impact mill 3.

The electric drive 42 communicates with the vertical drive shaft 44. By means of the supply pipeline 43, crumb rubber is fed to the spreading horizontal disk 50, which is installed relative to the annular groove 56 in such a way that crumb rubber is fed into the cavity for thermal destruction 49 exclusively through the upper section of the annular groove 56, and the products of thermal destruction are removed exclusively through the lower section of the annular groove 56 and the central outlet pipe 52. The temperature is formed in the cavity for thermal destruction 49 and the wall of the chamber 45, by feeding, through the inlet pipes for the coolant 48.55, into the external cavity by centrifugal shock mill 47 gaseous coolant, which is removed from it by means of outlet pipes for the coolant 51.53. The support 54 is formed by vertical posts and is fixed to the outer casing 46.

Centrifugal impact mill 3 is used as follows. Formed in the cavity for thermal destruction 49 and the wall of the chamber 45 required for thermal destruction of rubber crumb temperature, which is maintained throughout the process. After that, the electric drive 42 is turned on, the spreading horizontal disk 50 is rotated, and then crumb rubber is fed to it. Under the influence of centrifugal force, the rubber crumb moves into the cavity for thermal destruction 49, hits the concave section of the chamber wall 45, heats up and mechanically breaks into numerous fragments, which leads to a significant increase in the area of the rubber crumb by 20-50 times. The presence of a concave section of the wall of the chamber 45 provides numerous collisions of fragments of crumb rubber against the concave section of the wall of the chamber 45, which leads to their additional heating and grinding. The rotating spreading horizontal disc 50 forms a vortex flow that ensures the supply of rubber crumb into the cavity for thermal destruction 49 and subsequent removal from the latter through the central outlet pipe 52.

Cyclone group 4 (see Fig. 10) is formed from several cyclones, which communicate with each other to form a group of two or more cyclones, mainly four cyclones. Group cyclone 4 is formed by the following elements: pipes for the output of a gaseous mixture 57.58, inlet pipes for thermal destruction products 59.60, cyclone bodies 61.62, storage bin 63. Gaseous and solid fraction in a single flow into the cavity of the housings 61,62, where a vortex flow is formed, while the solid fraction is separated from the gaseous fraction, the solid fraction is transferred to the accumulator bin 63, and the gaseous fraction is discharged through pipes for the output of the gaseous mixture 57,58.

Implementation of the invention.

Example 1

Practical experiments were carried out with crumb rubber in the amount of 100 kg.

Initial parameters of crumb rubber: humidity 9-12 wt%; crumb size 2-6 mm. The moisture content of rubber crumb is influenced by the storage conditions of used car tires, storage time, methods of transporting crumb rubber to the place of its processing, and other factors. Rubber crumb comes for processing with sizes of 2-6 mm. The indicated parameters of crumb rubber are a given and must be specified for the proposed method.

The four devices indicated in FIG. one.

The screw conveyor 2 was manufactured with the following design features.

An upper helix 25 was made with a helical surface (see Fig. 4) and a diameter D1 of 155 mm.

A middle helix 32 was made with a helical surface (see FIG. 5) and a diameter D2 of 195 mm.

A lower helix 39 was produced with a helical surface (see Fig. 6) and a diameter D3 of 242 mm.

To ensure synchronization of performance between the three sections of the screw conveyor screw, they were rotated at the following speeds, rpm:

- upper screw (consists of the upper pipe 26 and the upper spiral 25 with a spiral surface) - 90;

- the middle screw (consists of the middle pipe 33 and the middle spiral 32 with a spiral surface) - 45;

- the lower screw (consists of the lower pipe 40 and the lower spiral 39 with a spiral surface) - 22.

Each individual screw, of the three used, had a length of 2750 mm.

In the centrifugal impact mill 3, an electric drive 42 (see Fig. 8) was used in the form of an asynchronous motor with a rated power of 7.5 kW, a speed of 3000 min ^-1 .

Diameter of the rotating horizontal spreading disc 50: 580 mm.

The method was carried out as follows.

The Applicant, guided by the principle of effectiveness of the description of the invention, considers it possible not to indicate in detail some elements of the devices that provide the required actions of the method, because The devices used, their elements, their functional purpose and the principle of their operation are described in detail above.

The general condition for the implementation of the method is that the process of direct thermal destruction is preceded by actions to remove oxygen from the environment from the location of the rubber crumb and heating the steel surfaces that are in direct contact with the transported rubber crumb.

The ambient air oxygen was displaced from the locations of rubber crumb by supplying flue gases with a temperature of 50-80°C and an overpressure of 0.2 bar through the flue gas supply pipe 9 (see Fig. 2). Oxygen from the ambient air was removed from the cavity of the hopper 6 through the outlet pipe 12 and elements of other devices. Immediately before the thermal destruction, the steel surfaces of the screw conveyor 2 and the centrifugal impact mill 3 were preheated, which are in direct contact with the transported crumb rubber.

The steel surfaces of the elements of the screw conveyor 2 were heated to 310-340°C by supplying a gaseous coolant with a temperature of 340-380°C to the outer cavity 29 (see Fig. 4), the upper tubular cavity 27, the middle tubular cavity 34 (see Fig. 5) and the lower tubular cavity 41 (see Fig. 6). Placed the upper section, the middle section and the lower section of the screw conveyor in the outer cavity 29. The middle section was placed under the upper section and above the lower section.

A temperature of 800-810°C was created in the cavity for thermal destruction 49 (see Fig. 8) and the wall of the chamber 45 by supplying a gaseous coolant with a temperature of 830-840°C to the outer cavity 47 through the inlet pipes for the coolant 48, 55 and outlet coolant through the outlet nozzles for the coolant 51, 53.

Rubber crumb obtained from used car tires was subjected to thermal destruction using a storage hopper, a screw conveyor, a centrifugal impact mill and a group cyclone, which communicated with each other in such a way that the output of the storage hopper communicated with the input of the screw conveyor, the output of the screw the conveyor was connected with the inlet of the centrifugal impact mill, and the output of the centrifugal impact mill was connected with the inputs of the group cyclone (see Fig. 1).

Pre-rubber crumb with a moisture content of 9-12% of the mass, and dimensions of 2-6 mm. placed in the cavity of the bin 6 (see Fig. 2) using a horizontal hollow body with an auger 8, an adjustable electric drive 10 and a loading neck 11.

Then the rubber crumb was heated by transferring thermal energy to it by means of heat transfer from the steel elements of the screw conveyor heated to 310-340 ° C, which were brought into direct contact with the rubber crumb, and at the same time, with the specified heating, it was mixed and moved by means of the upper screw from the upper pipe and top spiral, middle screw with middle pipe and middle spiral, bottom screw with bottom pipe and bottom spiral, reduced the moisture content of crumb rubber to 0.9 - 1.1% of the mass at the exit of the screw conveyor. When moving rubber crumbs, a flow was formed from it, having a trapezoid shape in cross section (see Fig. 7), which is provided by the indicated structural elements of the screw conveyor. Then filed crumb rubber with a temperature of 310-340°C and a moisture content of 0.9-1.1 wt%, in a centrifugal impact mill.

For thermal destruction, a centrifugal impact mill 3 was used (see Fig. 1, 8). The required temperature was maintained in the wall of the chamber 45 and the cavity for thermal destruction 49 by supplying the gaseous coolant into the outer cavity of the centrifugal-impact mill 47 through the inlet pipes for the coolant 48.55 and removing it through the outlet pipes for the coolant 51, 53. , into the cavity for thermal destruction, was carried out from the upper region of the spreading horizontal disk 50 and the upper region of the annular groove 56. The removal of thermal destruction products from the cavity for thermal destruction 49 was carried out from under the spreading horizontal disk 50 and the lower region of the annular groove 56 output 52. Scattering of crumb rubber was carried out by means of centrifugal force, which was formed as a result of the rotation of the spreading horizontal disk 50. The section of the wall of the chamber 45, which was placed opposite the scattered rubber crumb, was made or concave, which simultaneously provided mechanical destruction of crumb rubber into smaller fragments due to its collision with a heated concave section of the chamber wall 45 (see Fig. fig. 9) and heating, as a result of the transfer of thermal energy from the heated concave section of the chamber wall 45 and the heated gaseous mixture placed in the cavity for thermal destruction 49. The products of thermal destruction were taken out of the centrifugal-impact mill 3, through the central outlet pipe 52, and were fed, through the inlet pipes for thermal destruction products 59, 60, into the hollow bodies of the cyclone 61.62 of the group cyclone 4. The group cyclone 4 ensured the separation of the thermal destruction products into a dispersed fraction and a gaseous mixture, the dispersed fraction moved to the storage bin 63, and the gaseous the mixture was removed, by means of pipes for removing the gaseous mixture 57.58, outside the group cyclone 4.

The inventive method provides a simplification of the method for obtaining products of thermal degradation of crumb rubber in comparison with the known technical solution, because the method uses four functionally independent devices that communicate with each other in a certain way, and in the known solution there are more than four.

The inventive method provides an increase in the efficiency of heat transfer of thermal energy from the coolant to the rubber crumb, which is explained by the following circumstances.

The inventive method implements smooth heating of rubber crumb from room temperature to the temperature of thermal degradation and reduces the moisture content of rubber crumb from 9-12 wt% to 0.9-1.1 wt% under the following conditions, namely:

- heating from 20°C to 50-80°C in storage hopper 1;

- heating from 50-80°C to 310-340°C in the screw conveyor 2;

- heating from 310-340°C to 800-810°C in a centrifugal impact mill 3.

The process of heating rubber crumb is directly related to the process of removing water (moisture) from the latter, i.e. These two processes run in parallel and influence each other, which is explained by the following circumstances.

When the rubber crumb is heated, its surface (peripheral) region heats up faster than its central region, while the temperature gradient is directed from the surface (peripheral) region to the central region of the crumb rubber, i.e. from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature.

As a result of the fact that the surface (peripheral) region of the rubber crumb communicates directly with the environment and has a higher temperature compared to its central region, water evaporates from the surface of the rubber crumb and its humidity decreases compared to the humidity of the central region, this circumstance generates the appearance of a moisture gradient, which is directed away from the central region to the surface of the crumb rubber.

These circumstances give rise to the emergence of two vectors that are directed towards each other, and, therefore, compete with each other.

In the claimed method, it was possible to achieve a balance, both in terms of increasing the efficiency of heat transfer when heating crumb rubber, and in terms of removing water from crumb rubber.

The amount of carbon black obtained in the composition of the dispersed fraction was 39 kg, which indicates the high-quality conduct of thermal destruction.

Example 2

The actions indicated in example 1 were performed, but with the difference that the smooth heating of the rubber crumb from room temperature to the temperature of thermal destruction and the reduction of the moisture content of the rubber crumb from 9-12% of the mass to 1.3 - 1.5% of the mass were performed subject to the following conditions, namely:

- heating from 20°C to 50-80°C in storage hopper 1;

- heating from 50-80°C to 280-310°C in the screw conveyor 2;

- heating from 280-310°C to 770-780°C in a centrifugal impact mill 3.

The amount of carbon black obtained in the composition of the dispersed fraction was 32 kg, which indicates poor thermal degradation.

Studies were also carried out with the selection of other intervals of the indicated values of the process parameters, but in all other cases, the yield of carbon black was lower than the value indicated in example 1.

The invention is a technical solution related to the method, because the claims contain a set of essential features related to the method, sufficient to solve the technical problem indicated by the applicant and achieve the technical result provided by the invention.

From the above list of features of the claimed invention and the solution of the problem, it is clearly seen that the solution is a new set of essential features, as a combination of known and new features that provide a new technical result, unknown at the date of filing this application.

The claimed invention provides a solution to the problem and obtaining a new technical result, which can actually be obtained by using it. There is a direct causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed invention and the achieved technical result, because each of the features of the independent claim of the invention is necessary, and together they are sufficient to provide a new technical result. Each essential feature of the invention, which is expressed in an independent claim, affects the achievement of the above technical result.

Each feature of the invention individually is essential, and their combination forms a set of essential features of the invention that affect the achievement of the technical result.

The claimed invention is industrially applicable, because can be used in industry, agriculture, healthcare and other sectors of the economy or in the social sphere, where the claimed method is used.

The claimed invention can be reproduced in the form as it is described in an independent claim using known and available materials, technologies, technological equipment and available skills of workers. In the case of the invention, it is indeed possible to implement the above purpose and obtain the claimed technical result. To perform the actions of the method and the order of their execution, known types of equipment are used to ensure the implementation of the features of the method.

The claimed invention is new, because it is unknown in the prior art. Not known from the prior art set of essential features of the claimed invention and their impact on obtaining the claimed technical result.

The invention has an inventive step, because it does not explicitly follow from the prior art for a specialist.

As a result of the analysis, the applicant came to the conclusion that the invention does not follow for a specialist explicitly from the prior art, because during the audit, no solutions were identified that have signs that coincide with its distinctive features; the knowledge of the influence of the distinctive features on the technical result indicated by the applicant was not confirmed.

The essential features of the invention are technical in nature, identifiable and characterized in terms that are known in the art.

The applicant sufficiently disclosed the essence of the claimed invention in the application documents provided for in subparagraphs 1-4 of paragraph 2 of Article 1375 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the invention by a specialist in this field of technology, in particular, the application documents contain information about the purpose of the invention, about the technical result provided by the invention discloses a set of essential features necessary to achieve the technical result indicated by the applicant, and also complies with the established requirements for application documents used when disclosing the essence of the invention and disclosing information about the possibility of carrying out the invention.

The set of essential features of the claimed invention is necessary and sufficient to obtain the claimed technical result. The claimed set of features of the invention provides an unexpected, unusual supertotal technical result, which exceeds the technical result obtained from each essential feature separately, in relation to the objects of the specified purpose.

Thus, the claimed invention is a method that meets the required conditions for the patentability of the invention, provides a new technical result and solves the problem.

Claims (1)

A method for obtaining products of thermal degradation of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, including its preliminary placement in the cavity of a storage hopper, displacement of ambient air oxygen from the locations of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, its transportation and supply to the cavity for thermal treatment. destruction, thermal destruction, subsequent separation of the products of thermal destruction into a gaseous mixture and a solid fraction by means of a group cyclone, characterized in that the products of thermal destruction of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires are obtained using a storage hopper, a screw conveyor, a centrifugal impact mill and a group cyclone that communicate with each other in such a way that the output of the storage hopper communicates with the input of the screw conveyor, the output of the screw conveyor communicates with the input of the centrifugal-impact mill, and the output of the centrifugal-impact The liners communicate with the inlets of the group cyclone, while using crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, with a moisture content of 9-12% and with a size of 2-6 mm, the storage hopper is formed by a hopper, a hopper cavity, a rotary feeder, an outlet pipe, a screw feeder a conveyor with an adjustable electric drive, a horizontal hollow body with an auger, a pipe for supplying flue gases and a loading neck, the discharge pipe communicates with the upper region of the bunker cavity, the horizontal hollow body with a screw communicates with the lower region of the hopper cavity, the pipe for flue gases is connected with a horizontal hollow housing with a screw, the rotary feeder is fixed at the bottom of the hopper and communicates with the cavity of the hopper, the screw conveyor is formed in the form of an external housing with a cavity of the outer upper section, middle section and lower section, they are placed horizontally, while the middle section is placed under the upper section and above the lower section , place the upper section, with the middle section and the lower section in the external cavity, communicate the external cavity with the inlet and outlet pipes for the coolant, the upper section is made with an adjustable upper individual electric drive, an upper tubular casing, an upper longitudinal cavity, an upper auger with an upper pipe, an upper tubular cavity, an upper spiral with spiral surface, fix the upper spiral to the upper pipe, place the upper screw in the upper longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicate it with an adjustable upper individual electric drive, make a middle section with an adjustable average individual electric drive, a cavity for water vapor, a pipeline for removing water vapor, an average a tubular casing with through holes, a middle longitudinal cavity, a middle screw with a middle pipe, a middle tubular cavity, a middle spiral with a spiral surface, communicate the cavity for water vapor with a pipeline for removing steam, communicate through holes with a cavity for water vapor, fix the middle spiral to the middle pipe, place the middle screw in the middle longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicate it with an adjustable average individual electric drive, make a lower section with an adjustable lower individual electric drive, a lower tubular casing, a lower longitudinal cavity , the lower screw with the lower pipe, the lower cavity is tubular, the lower spiral with a spiral surface, the lower spiral is fixed to the lower pipe, the lower screw is placed in the lower longitudinal cavity with the possibility of rotation and communicates with the adjustable lower individual electric drive, the upper cavity is tubular, the middle cavity is tubular and a lower tubular cavity between themselves and with a gaseous coolant supply and removal system, communicate the upper longitudinal cavity, the middle longitudinal cavity and the lower longitudinal cavity with each other and with a source of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, the rubber crumb obtained from used car tires is preheated to 50-80°C when it is fed into the hopper cavity by supplying flue gases under an overpressure of 0.2 bar into a horizontal hollow body with an auger through a pipe for supplying flue gases, while displace oxygen from the ambient air from the cavity of the bunker and other locations of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, and replace it with a mixture of flue gases, while moving the crumb rubber obtained from used car tires to the lower part of the bunker cavity, and then to the upper its section to the outlet pipe, heat the steel elements of the screw conveyor, which are intended for direct contact with rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, to 310-340 ° C by continuous supply of flue gases with a temperature of 340-380 ° C into the external cavity, create in the cavity for thermal destruction and the wall of the chambers s temperature of 800-810 ° C, then the crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is heated by transferring thermal energy to it by means of heat transfer from the steel elements of the screw conveyor heated to 310-340 ° C, which are brought into direct contact with the crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, and at the same time, with the specified heating, it is mixed and moved by means of the upper screw with the upper pipe and the upper spiral, the middle screw with the middle pipe and the middle spiral, the lower screw with the lower pipe and the lower spiral, reduce the moisture content of the rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, up to 0.9-1.1% at the exit of the screw conveyor, while the diameters of the upper spiral, middle spiral and lower spiral are made and placed relative to each other in such a way that the diameter of the middle spiral is larger than the diameter of the upper spiral, but less than the diameter of the lower spiral, but rotate the middle screw with the middle pipe and the middle spiral ral with a lower speed compared to the rotation speed of the upper screw with the upper pipe and the upper spiral, but at a higher speed compared to the rotation speed of the lower screw with the lower pipe and the lower spiral, and for thermal destruction, a centrifugal impact mill is used, which is manufactured in in the form of a unit for receiving and subsequent spreading of crumb rubber obtained from used car tires, a chamber with a chamber wall, an annular groove and a cavity for thermal destruction, and the unit for receiving and supplying crumb rubber obtained from used car tires is made in the form of an electric drive, a horizontal spreading disk, a vertical drive shaft, one end of which is connected with an electric drive, and the other with a horizontal spreading disk, while the horizontal spreading disk is installed relative to the annular groove in such a way that the supply of crumb rubber obtained from used a of automobile tires, into the cavity for thermal destruction, is carried out from the upper region of the horizontal spreading disk and the upper region of the annular groove, and the removal of thermal destruction products from the cavity for thermal destruction is carried out from under the horizontal scattering disk and the lower region of the annular groove, and the spreading of the rubber the crumb obtained from used car tires is carried out by means of centrifugal force, which is formed as a result of the rotation of the spreading horizontal disk, while the section of the chamber wall, which is placed opposite the scattered rubber crumb obtained from used car tires, is made concave, mechanical destruction of the crumb rubber is carried out simultaneously , obtained from used car tires, into smaller fragments due to their collision with the heated concave section of the chamber wall and their heating, as a result of the transfer of thermal energy from the heated a concave section of the chamber wall and a heated gaseous mixture placed in the cavity for thermal destruction.

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