RU2780480C2 - Explosive compositions for use in reactive soil and related methods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosives.

SUBSTANCE: method for detonation in high-temperature soil, reactive soil, or both types of soil provides for placement of an explosive composition containing an emulsion explosive including a continuous organic fuel phase and a dispersed oxidizing phase in soil to be detonated to provide contact of the explosive composition with soil. The dispersed oxidizing phase contains from 3% to 35% by weight of one or more nitrates of group I or group II. Soil contains reactive soil, high-temperature soil, or both types of soil. The emulsion explosive is left dormant for a period of time from 3 hours to three months. The detonation of the emulsion explosive is carried out in a controlled manner after the specified period of time. The explosive composition intended for use in high-temperature soil, reactive soil, or both types of soil contains an emulsion including a continuous organic phase containing fuel oil, a dispersed oxidizing phase containing carbamide, wherein carbamide is from 0.5% to 35% by weight of the dispersed oxidizing phase, as well as nitrate not belonging to group I or group II and one or more nitrates of group I or group II. Nitrates of group I or group II are from 3% to 35% by weight of the dispersed oxidizing phase, where the weight ratio of ammonium nitrate and one or more nitrates of group I or group II ranges from approximately 6:1 to 9:1. The formation of a mixture for blasting in high-temperature soil, reactive soil, or both types of soil provides for mixing of a suspension containing ammonium nitrate and fuel oil with an emulsion. The emulsion contains a continuous organic phase containing fuel oil and a dispersed oxidizing phase containing carbamide, wherein carbamide is from 0.5% to 35% by weight of the dispersed oxidizing phase, as well as nitrate not belonging to group I or group II; and one or more nitrates of group I or group II, wherein one or more nitrates of group I or group II is from 3% to 35% by weight of the dispersed oxidizing phase.

EFFECT: controlled detonation is provided, i.e., reduction in the risk of undesirable exothermic effects and/or premature detonation.

28 cl, 8 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

[0001] This description relates essentially to explosives. More specifically, some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to explosive compositions for use in high temperature environments and/or in reactive soil.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF GRAPHICS

[0002] The written description of the invention herein discloses illustrative embodiments that are not restrictive and are not exhaustive. Reference is made to some of such exemplary embodiments shown in the figures.

[0003] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the temperature of the first reactive soil sample during an isothermal test of the reactive soil for ammonium nitrate (AN) compared to composition C.

[0004] FIG. 2 is a graph showing the temperature of a second reactive soil sample during an isothermal test of the reactive soil for ammonium nitrate compared to composition C.

[0005] FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature of a third reactive soil sample during an isothermal ammonium nitrate reactive soil test compared to composition C.

[0006] FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature of the first reactive soil sample during an isothermal ammonium nitrate reactive soil test compared to composition B.

[0007] FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temperature of a second reactive soil sample during an isothermal ammonium nitrate reactive soil test compared to composition B.

[0008] FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature of a third reactive soil sample during an isothermal ammonium nitrate reactive soil test compared to composition B.

[0009] FIG. 7 is a graph showing the temperature of a fourth reactive soil sample during separate isothermal reactive soil tests for ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate (CN), and sodium nitrate (SN).

[0010] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature of the fifth reactive soil sample during isothermal testing of the reactive soil for ammonium nitrate and formulations D and E.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] This document describes explosive compositions for use in reactive soil and/or high temperature conditions, as well as related methods. Explosives are widely used for the destruction of rocks and ores in the mining industry, in the development of quarries and pits. As such, a hole is drilled into the surface of the earth, for example in the ground, which is referred to as a "blast hole". The explosive composition can then be placed in the blast hole. The explosive composition can then be detonated.

[0012] In some embodiments, the explosive composition is an emulsion or a mixture including an emulsion. In some embodiments, the implementation of the emulsion contains a fuel oil as a continuous phase and an oxidizer as a dispersed phase. For example, in some embodiments, the implementation of the emulsion contains drops of an aqueous solution of the oxidizer, which are distributed in the continuous phase of the fuel oil (ie, water-in-oil emulsion).

[0013] A potential hazard associated with explosive compositions such as emulsion explosives is premature detonation. Essentially, the explosive material is left in the blast hole for a certain period of time (ie, "sleep time") until it is activated. In other words, the "sleep time" for an explosive material is the time between the placement of the material in the blast hole and the scheduled activation of the explosive. Premature detonation (i.e., detonation during the expected sleep time) poses significant risks.

[0014] One potential cause of premature detonation is elevated ground temperature. An elevated ground temperature can reduce (or provide) the activation energy needed to start the detonation of an explosive. As used herein, the term "high temperature soil" refers to soil with a temperature of 55°C or higher.

[0015] The second potential cause of premature detonation is the placement of the explosive composition in a reactive soil. A "reactive soil" is a soil that undergoes a spontaneous exothermic reaction upon contact with nitrates such as ammonium nitrate. The reaction often involves the chemical oxidation of sulfides (eg iron sulfide or copper sulfide) with nitrates and the release of heat. In other words, when an explosive composition is placed in a reactive soil, the sulfides in the reactive soil can react with nitrates in the explosive composition. The reaction of nitrates with sulphide-bearing soil can lead to an autocatalyzed process which, after a period of induction, can lead to spontaneous exothermic decomposition. In some cases, the resulting increase in temperature (ie, the resulting amount of heat generated) can lead to premature detonation. One example of a reactive soil is a soil containing pyrite.

[0016] In addition, the soil to be blasted can be both a high temperature soil and a reactive soil.

[0017] Several strategies can be used to prevent exotherm and premature detonation. For example, in some embodiments, a physical barrier is placed between the explosive composition and the ground. In other or additional embodiments, the reaction of the explosive composition with the reactive soil may be chemically inhibited. For example, the explosive composition may include an inhibitor additive such as urea, ammonia, soda ash, zinc oxide, organic amines, or combinations thereof (eg, a urea/ammonia inhibitor).

[0018] As described in more detail below, in the embodiments described herein, the explosive composition includes one or more Group I or Group II nitrates. For example, the oxidizing phase of the emulsion explosive may contain one or more Group I or Group II nitrate salts in combination with one or more non-Group I or Group II nitrate salts such as, for example, ammonium nitrate. The use of Group I or Group II nitrate in the oxidizing phase may reduce the reactivity of the emulsion explosive with reactive soil and/or high temperature soil compared to other explosive compositions or emulsions that do not contain Group I or Group II nitrate (or have a relatively lower amount of nitrate of group I or group II) in the oxidizing phase. In another example, all or part of one or more of the Group I or Group II nitrate salts may be included in the explosive composition as dry fractions (eg, granules) mixed with the emulsion explosive. The explosive compositions described herein can reduce the risk of unwanted exothermic effects and/or premature detonation and thus provide controlled detonation.

[0019] Examples of Group I or Group II nitrates include sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and calcium nitrate. In some embodiments, the Group I or Group II nitrates are composed of one or more Group I nitrates.

[0020] This document describes compositions for use in reactive soil and/or at elevated soil temperatures. In some embodiments, the explosive composition is an emulsion. For example, the emulsion may include a continuous organic fuel phase and a dispersed oxidant phase. In some embodiments, the continuous organic fuel phase consists of or contains a fuel oil (eg, diesel fuel). In other or additional embodiments, the continuous organic fuel phase consists of or contains mineral oil. In some embodiments, the continuous organic fuel phase includes some other organic fuel.

[0021] The dispersed oxidizing phase of the emulsion explosive may be an aqueous solution. If the particulate oxidant phase is or contains an aqueous solution, the water in the particulate oxidant phase may comprise from about 3% to about 30% of the particulate aqueous phase by weight. (Unless otherwise noted, all ranges described herein include both endpoints.) In particular embodiments, water in the discontinuous oxidizing phase may be from about 10% to about 30%, or from 12% to about 25%.

[0022] As described above, the explosive composition may include one or more Group I or Group II nitrates in combination with one or more non-Group I or Group II nitrates. For example, in some embodiments, the Group I or Group II nitrate is present in the emulsion in an amount of from about 3% to about 35% by weight. More specifically, in some embodiments, one or more Group I or Group II nitrates comprise from about 3% to about 35%, from about 5% to about 25%, from about 5% to about 18%, from about 10% to about 35% or from about 10% to about 25% of the dispersed oxidizing phase by weight.

[0023] Some embodiments include a nitrate salt that is not a Group I or Group II nitrate. For example, the dispersed oxidizing phase of some emulsion explosives may include ammonium nitrate in addition to one or more Group I or Group II nitrates. For example, in some embodiments, the non-group I or group II nitrate salt is ammonium nitrate and the ratio (by weight) of ammonium nitrate to one or more group I or group II nitrates is from about 2:1 to about 14:1, namely from about 6:1 to 9:1 (for example, the ratio of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate).

[0024] With respect to embodiments that include the same amount of nitrate salts, embodiments that include Group I or Group II nitrate may be less prone to undesirable exothermic reactions with the reactive soil. In other words, the presence of a Group I or Group II nitrate may delay the onset and/or reduce the degree of exothermic reactivity with a sulfide-containing soil.

[0025] In some embodiments, the discontinuous oxidizing phase further comprises one or more inhibitors, such as urea, ammonia, soda ash, zinc oxide, organic amines, or combinations thereof (eg, a urea/ammonia inhibitor). The inhibitor can reduce thermal degradation of the emulsion explosive when the emulsion explosive is in contact with a reactive soil. In other words, when the emulsion explosive is in contact with the sulfide-containing soil, the inhibitor can reduce the rate of reaction between the nitrate salts of the dispersed oxidizing phase and the sulfides in the reactive soil. In some embodiments, the implementation of the inhibitor is dissolved in an aqueous solution of the dispersed oxidizing phase.

[0026] In some embodiments, the implementation of the inhibitor is or contains urea. The urea may be present in any suitable concentration. For example, in some embodiments, the implementation of the urea is from about 0.5% to about 35% of the dispersed oxidative phase by weight. More specifically, in some embodiments, the dispersed oxidizing phase is about 0.5% to about 10%, about 1% to about 10%, about 1% to about 5%, or about 2% to about 5% urea, by mass. For example, in some embodiments, the implementation of the urea can be dissolved in the aqueous oxidizing phase at a concentration of from about 1% to about 5% by weight, namely about 3% by weight.

[0027] As used herein, the term "emulsion" refers to both an unsensitized emulsion matrix and an emulsion that has been sensitized into an emulsion explosive. For example, a non-sensitised emulsion matrix can be shipped as a UN Class 5.1 oxidizer. Emulsion explosives contain enough sensitizer to cause the emulsion to detonate with standard detonators. The emulsion can be sensitized at the blast site or even in the blast hole. It should be understood that the description given herein in relation to "emulsion" or "emulsion explosive" will essentially be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, the implementation of the sensitizer is a chemical blowing agent. In some embodiments, the implementation of the sensitizer contains hollow microspheres or other solids containing gas. In some embodiments, the sensitizer is gas bubbles that have been mechanically introduced into the emulsion. The introduction of gas bubbles into the emulsion can reduce the density of the emulsion fed into the blast hole.

[0028] Essentially explosive emulsions consist of a supersaturated dispersed phase. If the same solution in the dispersed phase was stored in a beaker under standard conditions, it crystallizes easily. However, the structure of emulsions reduces the rate of crystallization of the supersaturated dispersed phase. This is due to the fact that emulsifiers create a curved surface, which leads to an increase in pressure inside the droplet, thereby stabilizing the supersaturated solution. This increase in pressure is called the Laplace pressure. The resulting unsensitised emulsion is produced at a density above the critical density, meaning that it will not be able to detonate completely at that density. As a result, the unsensitized emulsion passes the UN Series 8 tests and is classified as a UN Class 5.1 oxidizer. Reducing the density of the emulsion below the critical density allows you to maintain the detonating characteristics of the product at the proper level.

[0029] Methods for using the explosive compositions described herein are also described. For example, the emulsion explosive described herein may be used for blasting in reactive soil and/or elevated temperature soil.

[0030] For example, one method of blasting in reactive soil includes the step of placing an emulsion explosive in the reactive soil. For example, an emulsion explosive can be loaded into a blast hole drilled in reactive soil.

[0031] The reactive soil may contain any mineral that substantially reacts with one or more nitrate salts to cause an exothermic reaction. For example, in some embodiments, the reactive soil includes one or more sulfides. More specifically, certain reactive soil includes iron sulfide, such as iron pyrite. A soil can be identified as a reactive soil by conducting an isothermal reactive soil test of the Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group Inc., Code of Practice: Elevated Temperature and Reaction Ground, March 2017. .

[0032] When placed in a reactive soil, the temperature of the emulsion explosive may not change significantly (e.g., less than 5°C, less than 3°C, less than 2°C, or less than 1.5°C) compared to the temperature of the reactive soil due to the exothermic reaction(s) with the reactive soil. In other words, an emulsion explosive can be placed in a reactive soil and then allowed to lie dormant for a period of time before detonation. A "reactive exothermic effect" is defined as a temperature increase of at least 2° C. above the background temperature on the temperature/time log for a particular sample, where the temperature increase indicates a return to background temperature after completion of the reaction. Such reactions may be accompanied by visible signs such as the formation of gas bubbles and/or the generation of brown fumes of nitrogen oxides.

[0033] In some embodiments, the implementation of the spontaneous exothermic reaction of the emulsion explosive does not occur during the "sleep time". In other words, the emulsion explosive does not experience significant temperature change due to the exothermic reaction with the reactive soil. In some embodiments, there is no (or essentially no) exothermic effect even when the emulsion explosive remains in reactive soil at elevated temperatures, such as in reactive soil that is at elevated temperatures due to geothermal activity. In some embodiments, the reactive soil into which the emulsion explosive is placed has a temperature of greater than 55°C, greater than 65°C, greater than 75°C, greater than 100°C, greater than 125°C, greater than 150°C, greater than 160°C and/or more than 180°C.

[0034] More specifically, some reactive soil blasting methods include the step of leaving the emulsion explosive dormant for at least one day, at least two days, at least two weeks, at least one month, at least two months or at least three months at an average ground temperature of 55°C or more. Some reactive soil blasting methods may additionally or alternatively include the step of leaving the emulsion explosive dormant for at least 12 hours at an average soil temperature of greater than or equal to 150°C or greater than or equal to 180°C. For example, an emulsion explosive can be dormant for a period of time in a reactive soil at a temperature of 150°C to 200°C without causing a spontaneous exothermic reaction that significantly changes the temperature of the emulsion explosive. Prevention of such a spontaneous exothermic reaction can prevent or reduce the risk of premature detonation.

[0035] Without being limited by any theory, the combination of the nitrate salt of group I or group II and carbamide in the dispersed oxidizing phase can synergistically delay or otherwise slow down the spontaneous exothermic reaction of the nitrate salt(s) in the oxidizing phase with the reactive soil. In other words, in embodiments involving Group I or Group II nitrate and urea, the increase in delay time to develop a significant exotherm may be greater than the combined delay from Group I or Group II nitrate alone and urea alone.

[0036] After the emulsion explosive is placed in the reactive soil, the emulsion explosive can be detonated at the desired time. For example, in some embodiments, the emulsion explosive can be detonated after the emulsion explosive has been allowed to sleep for more than 3 hours, 5 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 2 days, one week, two weeks, at least one month, at least two months, or at least three months.

Examples

[0037] Example 1 - reactivity of reactive soil with compositions containing various amounts of sodium nitrate

[0038] The reactivity of samples from a highly reactive soil obtained from an underground copper/gold mine was tested in accordance with the Australian Explosives and Safety Group's isothermal reactive soil test (see Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group Inc., Code of Practice: Elevated Temperature and Reaction Ground, March 2017) but modified for long term testing. During long-term testing, specimens are dried by exposure to high temperatures for extended periods of time. For this reason, 1 ml of water was added to each sample every 3-4 days. As for the samples, the sulfamide-rich ore samples were first ground into a fine powder. Then each sample was mixed with composition A, composition B, composition C or ammonium nitrate (AN) (see table 1 below). The values shown in Table 1 show the relative amounts of each component based on a ratio by weight.

Table 1 Compositions of formulations A, B and C and ammonium nitrate

Compound A B C ammonium nitrate ammonium nitrate 62 67 76 100 sodium nitrate fourteen 9 0 0 urea 3 3 3 0 sodium thiocyanate 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 water fifteen fifteen fifteen 0 fuel oil no. 2 6 6 6 0

[0039] Each mixture was then heated and held at 55°C while monitoring exothermic reactions using thermocouples continuously recording the temperature. All reactions were monitored for at least 15 days. For example, reactive soil samples tested with composition B were monitored for 19 days, and reactive soil samples tested with composition A were monitored for more than 110 days. Experimental data are shown in FIG. 1-6 and in Table 2. More specifically, in FIG. 1 shows temperature changes for the first reactive soil sample (sample 1) that was treated with ammonium nitrate and formulation C. FIG. 2 and 3 are similar plots for a second sample (sample 2, FIG. 2) and a third sample (sample 3, FIG. 3) that were tested in a similar manner. FIG. 4-6 show the temperature changes for Sample 1 (FIG. 4), Sample 2 (FIG. 5) and Sample 3 (FIG. 6), where each sample was tested using ammonium nitrate and composition B. Tests with composition A (not shown ) did not lead to a significant exothermic effect even after more than 110 days of observation.

Table 2. Results of isothermal testing of reactive soil

Reactive soil composition Product Max. pace. (°C) Time to Peak Exothermic Reaction (D:HH:MM) Average temp. (°C) Temperature change (°C) sample 1 ammonium nitrate 144.4 0:00:32 56.8 87.6 sample 1 Composition C 130.3 5:11:07 56.1 74.2 Sample 1 Composition C 258.7 13:04:17 55.7 203.0 Sample 2 ammonium nitrate 148.5 0:00:40 55.6 92.9 Sample 2 Composition C 105.0 3:07:35 55.6 49.4 Sample 2 Composition C 101.9 4:07:55 55.5 46.4 Sample 3 ammonium nitrate 134.8 0:00:33 56.1 78.7 Sample 3 Composition C 61.4 2:03:54 55.5 5.9 Sample 3 Composition C 62.6 03:03:11 54.8 7.8 Sample 1 ammonium nitrate 137.5 0:00:38 56.7 80.8 Sample 1 Composition B 56.4 55.8 0.6 Sample 1 Composition B 56.3 55.7 0.6 Sample 2 ammonium nitrate 143.5 0:00:39 56.0 87.5 Sample 2 Composition B 56.3 55.9 0.4 Sample 2 Composition B 56.1 55.6 0.5 Sample 3 ammonium nitrate 123.0 0:00:51 56.2 66.8 Sample 3 Composition B 56.8 7:01:26 54.9 1.9 Sample 3 Composition B 56.7 7:03:47 55.0 1.7 sample 1 Composition A ~ 55 ~ 55 < 1.5 Sample 2 Composition A ~ 55 ~ 55 < 1.5

[0040] Without being bound by any theory, it is believed that Group I or Group II nitrates can delay or retard the exothermic reaction of nitrates with reactive rocks (eg, sulfides) in a reactive soil. It is also believed that the use of an inhibitor such as urea in combination with one or more Group I or Group II nitrates synergistically delays and/or reduces such exothermic reaction(s).

[0041] Example 2 - Reactive Soil Reactivity with Various Nitrate Salts

[0042] The reactivity of a known reactive soil sample (sample 4) was tested in accordance with the Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group Inc. isothermal reactive soil test. More specifically, the sample was separately mixed with granules of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate.

[0043] Each mixture was then heated and held at 55° C. and exothermic reactions were monitored using thermocouples continuously recording the temperature. The results are shown in FIG. 7 and in table 3.

Table 3. Results of isothermal testing of reactive soil with various nitrate salts

Reactive soil composition Test material Max. pace. (°C) Time to Peak Exothermic Reaction (D:HH:MM) Average temp. (°C) Temperature change Sample 4 ammonium nitrate 100.3 0:00:27 55.3 45.0 Sample 4 ammonium nitrate 108.8 0:00:29 55.9 52.9 Sample 4 calcium nitrate 80.3 0:00:26 55.8 24.5 Sample 4 calcium nitrate 83.7 0:00:29 55.9 27.8 Sample 4 sodium nitrate 65.0 0:00:42 54.7 10.3 Sample 4 sodium nitrate 65.5 0:00:41 55.2 10.3

[0044] As shown in FIG. 7 and Table 3, a similar time elapsed before the exothermic peak of the mixture of ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate, although the maximum temperature of the mixtures of calcium nitrate was less than for mixtures of ammonium nitrate. Surprisingly, it was found that, in contrast to mixtures of ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate, the time to reach the exothermic peak for mixtures of sodium nitrate was significantly longer than for mixtures of ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate. The temperature change of the sodium nitrate mixtures was also lower than the temperature change of the ammonium nitrate or calcium nitrate mixtures.

[0045] Example 3 - Inhibition of Reactive Soil with Compositions D and E

[0046] The inhibition of the reactive soil sample (sample 5) was tested in accordance with the Australian Explosives Industry and Safety Group Inc. isothermal reactive soil test. More specifically, the reactive soil sample was mixed with ammonium nitrate, formulation D or formulation E (see Table 5 below). The values shown in Table 4 show the relative amounts of each component based on the ratio by weight.

Table 4. Composition of nitrate salt compositions

Material/Composition ammonium nitrate D E ammonium nitrate 100 68.6 59.2 sodium nitrate 0 0 8.5 urea 0 14.1 14.1 water 0 11.3 12.2 fuel oil no. 2 0 6 6

The mixture was then heated and kept at 165°C and the exothermic reactions were monitored using thermocouples continuously recording the temperature. The results are shown in FIG. 8 and in table 5.

Table 5. Comparison of inhibited formulations without sodium nitrate (composition D) and with sodium nitrate (composition E)

Soil composition Test material Max. pace. (°C) Time to Peak Exothermic Reaction (D:HH:MM) Average temp. (°C) Temperature change Sample 5 ammonium nitrate 256.1 0:00:07 164.6 91.5 Sample 5 Composition D 168.3 0:15:20 164.5 3.8 Sample 5 Composition D 168.4 0:15:49 164.9 3.5 Sample 5 Composition E 166.6 165.5 1.1 Sample 5 Composition E 166.3 165.2 1.1

[0047] As shown in Table 5, a composition that includes sodium nitrate is less prone to exothermicity at relatively high temperatures (~165°C).

[0048] Any methods described herein include one or more steps or actions for implementing the described method. The steps and/or steps of the method may be interchangeable with each other. In other words, if a particular order of steps or actions is not required for the proper operation of an embodiment, the order and/or use of certain steps and/or actions can be changed. Moreover, sub-procedures or only part of the method described herein may be a separate method within the scope of the present description. In other words, some methods may include only a subset of the steps described in more detail.

[0049] As used herein, reference to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described with respect to a given embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the expressions given herein, or variations thereof, do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0050] As can be seen from the following claims, inventive aspects are the combination of a lesser number of all the features of any single embodiment described above. Thus, the claims following the present detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into the present detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. The present description includes all combinations of independent claims with dependent claims.

[0051] The inclusion in the claims of the term "first" in relation to any feature or element does not necessarily imply the presence of a second or additional such feature or element. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain aspects of the embodiments described above may be modified without deviating from the basic principles presented herein.

[0052] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term "comprising" has the non-exclusive meaning of the word in the sense of "including at least" and not the exclusive meaning of the word "consisting only of". The same applies to the corresponding grammatical changes in other forms of the word, such as "to contain", "contains" and so on.

[0053] Any discussion of prior art information in this specification should not be construed as any form of endorsement that the information provided in prior art will be considered general knowledge by a person skilled in the art, whether in Australia or any other country.

Claims (43)

1. A method of blasting in high-temperature soil, reactive soil, or both types of soil, including: placing an explosive composition containing an emulsion explosive, including a continuous organic fuel phase and a dispersed oxidizing phase, in the soil to be blasted to ensure contact of the explosive composition with the specified soil, the dispersed oxidizing phase containing from 3% to 35% by weight one or more group I or group II nitrates, wherein the primer comprises a reactive primer, a high temperature primer, or both; and leaving the emulsion explosive dormant for a period of 3 hours to three months, and detonating the emulsion explosive in a controlled manner after said period of time. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining that the soil to be blasted contains a reactive soil. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the reactive soil includes a sulfide mineral. 4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the reactive soil includes iron pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, or combinations thereof. 5. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, wherein one or more Group I or Group II nitrates comprise sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, or combinations thereof. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the one or more Group I or Group II nitrates are composed of one or more Group I nitrates. 7. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, wherein placing the explosive composition in the ground includes loading the blast hole with the explosive composition. 8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-7, further including a determination that the soil to be blasted is a high temperature soil. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the high temperature soil has an average soil temperature t between 100°C and 200°C. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in which one or more nitrates of group I or group II contain from 3% to 35%, from 5% to 25%, from 5% to 18%, from 10% to 35 % or from 10% to 25% of the oxidizing phase by weight. 11. The method according to claim 10, in which the oxidizing phase additionally contains ammonium nitrate, and the ratio of ammonium nitrate to one or more nitrates of group I or group II is from 2:1 to 14:1 or from 6:1 to 9:1 according to mass. 12. The process according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the oxidizing phase further comprises water in an amount of 5% to 30% or 12% to 25% by weight. 13. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-12, further comprising providing a dormant state of the explosive composition for a specified period of time at an average ground temperature of from 150°C to 200°C. 14. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-13, including providing a dormant state of the explosive composition for at least 3 hours at an average ground temperature of from 180°C to 200°C. 15. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-14 further comprising providing the dormant state of the explosive composition in the ground for at least one day longer than allowed for the dormant state in the ground of the emulsion explosive substantially free of Group I or Group II nitrates in the dispersed oxidizing phase. 16. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-15, in which the oxidizing phase further contains an inhibitor. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the inhibitor comprises urea, zinc oxide, ammonia, soda ash, or combinations thereof. 18. The method according to p. 16 or 17, in which the inhibitor contains urea, and the urea is present in a concentration of from 0.5% to 35%, from 0.5% to 10% or from 0.5% to 5% of the oxidizing phase according to mass. 19. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-18, wherein the explosive composition further comprises a sensitizer. 20. An explosive composition intended for use in high temperature soil, reactive soil, or both, containing an emulsion that includes: a continuous organic phase containing fuel oil; dispersed oxidizing phase containing: carbamide, and urea is from 0.5% to 35% of the dispersed oxidizing phase by weight; nitrate not belonging to group I or group II; and one or more nitrates of group I or group II, and nitrates of group I or group II constitute from 3% to 35% of the dispersed oxidizing phase by weight, where the ratio by weight of ammonium nitrate and one or more group I or group II nitrates is from about 6:1 to 9:1, where the emulsion is capable of being in a dormant state for a period of time from 3 hours to three months. 21. An explosive composition according to claim 20 wherein water in the dispersed aqueous phase is present in the range of 10% to 30% by weight of the dispersed aqueous phase. 22. An explosive composition according to claim 20 or 21, wherein urea comprises 1% to 25% or 2% to 5% of the dispersed oxidizing phase by weight. 23. The composition of the explosive according to any one of paragraphs. 20-22, wherein one or more Group I or Group II nitrates comprise 5% to 25%, 5% to 18%, 10% to 35%, or 10% to 25% of the dispersed oxidative phase by weight. 24. The composition of the explosive according to any one of paragraphs. 20-23, in which the emulsion makes up at least 30% of the explosive composition by weight. 25. The composition of the explosive according to any one of paragraphs. 20-24, wherein one or more Group I or Group II nitrates comprise sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, or combinations thereof. 26 . An explosive composition according to any one of paragraphs. 20-25, in which the emulsion additionally contains a sensitizer. 27. A method of forming a mixture for blasting in high-temperature soil, reactive soil, or both types of soil, including: mixing a suspension containing ammonium nitrate and fuel oil with an emulsion, the emulsion comprising: a continuous organic phase containing fuel oil; and dispersed oxidizing phase containing: carbamide, and urea is from 0.5% to 35% of the dispersed oxidizing phase by weight; nitrate not belonging to group I or group II; and one or more nitrates of group I or group II, and one or more nitrates of group I or group II constitute from 3% to 35% of the dispersed oxidizing phase by weight. 28. The method of claim 27 wherein the emulsion makes up at least 30% of the mixture by weight.

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