RU2776000C1 - Method and system for energy conversion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: energy converting.

SUBSTANCE: method for converting energy, including the steps of: using the working medium of the first heat pump (I) to absorb heat from the discharged gaseous pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor (J), which leads to the condensation of the discharged gaseous pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor (J) to form a pressurized working fluid, and supplying the pressurized working fluid as an input pressure working fluid of the air motor (J); by means of the first heat pump (I), the working medium is compressed after heat absorption to increase the temperature of the working medium to release heat to the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor (J) to enable it to be heated and converted into steam with the formation of a pressure gaseous working medium, while the pressure gaseous the working fluid is used to drive the air motor (J) and then exit the air motor (J) as the exhaust pressure gaseous working fluid of the air motor (J); and supplying the working medium of the first heat pump (1), the temperature of which has dropped due to the release of heat to the supplied pressure working medium, to reabsorb heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor (J), as a result of which the working medium of the first heat pump (1) cycles through the processes of heat absorption, temperature increase and temperature decrease.

EFFECT: improvement of method for converting energy.

20 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention relates

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of energy conversion and storage technologies and, in particular, to a power conversion method and system that can provide amplified input power to drive an external device, such as a power generator, to generate electricity. In particular, the present disclosure also relates to a distributed power conversion method and system that can provide the ability to store and amplify input power to drive an external device, such as a power generator, to generate electricity.

State of the art

[0002] Known in China and other countries, energy storage methods (for example, electric power storage methods) include methods based on pumping water and filling reservoirs with it, using flywheels, chemical batteries, compressed air, etc., however, these methods have disadvantages due to significant investment and low KP (performance ratio) - usually not higher than 0.8. In addition, in systems based on such methods, some of the recyclable thermal energy and cold energy is removed from the systems as waste heat, which leads to energy loss and a decrease in COP.

[0003] In addition, some known energy storage methods involve the use of certain physical features of the terrain, for example, mountains or the sea coast, which geographically limits the possible places for their implementation and, thereby, their popularization and use in practice.

[0004] In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a distributed energy conversion method and system that can significantly increase the efficiency of energy storage and return compared to the prototypes. There is also a need for a power conversion method and system capable of utilizing waste cold and heat energy from known power conversion systems and enhancing power recovery by taking advantage of the high COP of a heat pump.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

[0005] In view of the foregoing, the present invention proposes a distributed power conversion method and system to solve the above problems, overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, such as low power conversion efficiency, significant capital investment, and the influence of factors such as physical terrain or geographical location on the actual implementation , wherein the proposed system and method enables off-peak electricity to be easily converted and stored as power during a period of low grid energy consumption, with the ability to use the stored energy for auxiliary power generation during a period of high grid energy consumption, thereby realizing highly efficient storage and delayed energy recovery. , and a significant increase in the overall CP.

[0006] According to one aspect of the invention, a distributed power conversion method is provided, including the steps of:

[0007] carry out the absorption of heat from the first fluid circulating in the first circulation circuit, by means of the working medium of the heat pump, as a result of which the first fluid is cooled,

[0008] compressing the working medium with absorbed heat by means of a heat pump to further increase the temperature of the working medium, and heating the second fluid circulating in the second circulation circuit by means of said working medium with increased temperature;

[0009] displacing the heated second fluid to heat and vaporize the pressure working medium supplied to the pneumatic motor to form a pressure gaseous working medium to drive the pneumatic motor, reheat the second fluid, the temperature of which has dropped due to heating of the supplied pressure working medium substances, by means of the working medium of the heat pump and again heat the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor by means of the newly heated second fluid, resulting in repeated heating and cooling of the second fluid; and

[0010] displacing the cooled first fluid to condense the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor and again absorbing heat from and thereby cooling the first fluid, the temperature of which has increased due to condensation by means of the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor, by means of the heat pump working medium, in order to again condense the exhaust pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor by means of the newly heated first fluid, resulting in repeated cooling and heating of the first fluid.

[0011] According to one of the embodiments, at the stage at which heat is absorbed from the first fluid circulating in the first circulation circuit, by means of the working medium of the heat pump, as a result of which the first fluid is cooled: heat is absorbed from and, thereby thereby cooling the first fluid from the first fluid storage medium by the heat pump working medium and moving the cooled first fluid into the second fluid storage medium;

[0012] in the step of compressing the working medium with absorbed heat by means of a heat pump to further increase the temperature of the working medium and heating the second fluid circulating in the second circulation circuit by means of the working medium: compressing the working medium with absorbed heat by means of a heat pump to additionally raising the temperature of the working substance to heat the second fluid from the third fluid reservoir and moving the heated second fluid to the fourth fluid reservoir;

[0013] at the step of displacing the heated second fluid to heat and vaporize the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor to form a pressure gaseous working medium for driving the pneumatic motor: displacing the heated second fluid from the fourth accumulator of the fluid medium for heating and converting the input pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor into steam with the formation of a pressure gaseous working substance for driving the pneumatic motor and moving the second fluid after heating the input pressure working substance back to the third fluid reservoir; and

[0014] in the step of displacing the cooled first fluid to condense the discharged pressure gaseous working substance of the air motor: moving the cooled first fluid from the second fluid accumulator to condense the discharged pressure gaseous working substance of the pneumatic motor and returning the first fluid after said condensation into the first fluid reservoir.

[0015] According to one of the embodiments, at the stage at which the cooled first fluid medium is transferred from the second fluid storage medium to condense the discharged pressure gaseous working substance of the pneumatic motor: the cooled first fluid medium is transferred from the second fluid storage medium through the first condenser to condense the discharged pressurized gaseous working fluid of the air motor flowing into the first condenser to form a liquid pressure working fluid, which is returned to the steam generator as an input pressure working fluid of the air motor; and

[0016] By means of the heated second fluid from the fourth fluid accumulator, as it flows through the steam generator, the pressure working medium supplied to the pneumatic motor in the steam generator is heated and converted into steam to form a pressure gaseous working medium for driving the pneumatic motor.

[0017] According to one embodiment, in the step of absorbing heat from and thereby cooling the first fluid from the first fluid store by the heat pump fluid: causing the heat pump fluid to flow through the evaporator and absorb heat from a first fluid flowing into the evaporator from the first fluid reservoir, thereby vaporizing the heat pump fluid and cooling the first fluid;

[0018] The pressurized heat pump fluid flows into the second condenser to heat the second fluid flowing into the second condenser from the third fluid reservoir, causing the heat pump fluid to condense and then move back to the evaporator.

[0019] According to one embodiment, before transferring the pressurized liquid working medium resulting from said condensation back to the steam generator as an air motor pressure working medium supplied, the method further includes the steps of:

[0020] fluidly connecting the first condenser to the liquid working medium storage, while leaving the liquid working medium storage fluidly disconnected from the steam generator, to pass the stream resulting from said condensation of the liquid pressure working medium into the liquid working medium storage, and

[0021] When the liquid level in the fluid storage tank rises above a predetermined first threshold, the fluid storage tank is fluidly disconnected from the first condenser and the fluid storage tank is fluidly connected to the steam generator to allow return of the liquid pressure working fluid located in the accumulator of the liquid working substance, in the steam generator.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of:

[0023] when the liquid level in the liquid working substance accumulator falls below a predetermined second threshold, the liquid working substance accumulator is fluidly disconnected from the steam generator and the liquid working substance accumulator is connected in fluid medium to the first condenser to pass the flow of liquid pressure obtained as a result of said condensation. of the working substance into the accumulator of the liquid working substance, wherein the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the method may further include the steps of: when the reservoir of working fluid is re-connected in fluid with the first capacitor, actuating a pneumatic power generator to generate electricity due to the pressure difference inside the reservoir of liquid working fluid and inside the first capacitor, and the generated electricity is preferably used to assist in heating the second fluid in the fourth fluid store.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the heat pump includes an electric motor and a compressor driven by said motor, wherein the method further includes the steps of: water cooling the motor with at least a portion of the second fluid from the third storage fluid and move the specified at least part of the second fluid after the specified water cooling in the fourth accumulator of the fluid,

[0026] and/or

[0027] the air motor is connected to and drives a power generator (SG), the method further comprising the steps of: water cooling the power generator with at least a portion of the second fluid from the third fluid reservoir and displacing said at least a portion of the second fluid after said water cooling into the fourth fluid reservoir.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the first, second, third, and fourth fluid storage, fluid storage, evaporator, steam generator, first condenser, and/or second condenser are thermally insulated. In addition, other components of the overall system, such as piping and valves, are preferably thermally insulated.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the first fluid is salt water, wherein the first fluid, heated by condensation of the air motor's vented pressure gas, preferably has a temperature of 0°C to 20°C, more preferably - 0°C to 12°C, or more preferably 12°C; wherein the first fluid cooled by heat transfer to the heat pump working medium preferably has a temperature of -20°C to 0°C, more preferably -12°C to 0°C, or more preferably -12°C ; and/or

[0030] the second fluid is fresh water, while the second fluid, cooled by heating the input pressure working medium, preferably has a temperature of from 30°C to 50°C, more preferably from 35°C to 45°C , or more preferably component 40°C; wherein the second fluid heated by the heat pump working medium (I) preferably has a temperature of 90°C to 60°C, more preferably 80°C to 65°C, or more preferably 75°C; and/or

[0031] the working medium of the heat pump is CO ₂ , while the pressure working medium of the air motor is ammonia.

[0032] According to another aspect, a distributed power conversion system is provided, comprising: a heat pump, an air motor, a first circulation circuit through which a first fluid circulates, and a second circulation circuit through which a second fluid circulates, wherein:

[0033] The heat pump is configured to absorb, through its working medium, heat from the first fluid, resulting in cooling of the first fluid, and to compress the working medium with the heat thus absorbed to further increase the temperature of the working medium to heat the second fluid through the working substance;

[0034] the heated second fluid is used to heat and vaporize the pressure working medium supplied to the air motor to form a pressure gaseous working medium for driving the pneumatic motor, wherein the second fluid, the temperature of which has dropped due to its heating of the supplied pressure working medium the substances are reheated by the heat pump working medium in order to reheat the supplied pressure working medium of the air motor, resulting in repeated heating and cooling of the second fluid; and

[0035] The cooled first fluid is used to condense the exhaust pressure gaseous working fluid of the air motor, while the heat pump working fluid is used to again absorb heat from and thereby cool the first fluid whose temperature has risen due to condensing through it the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor, in order to again condense the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor by means of the newly heated first fluid, resulting in repeated cooling and heating of the first fluid.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the system may further comprise a first fluid reservoir, a second fluid reservoir, a third fluid reservoir, and a fourth fluid reservoir, wherein the first and second fluid reservoirs are located downstream of the first circulation loop and configured to accumulation of the first fluid, while the third and fourth accumulators of the fluid are located along the second circulation circuit and are configured to accumulate the second fluid, while

[0037] the first fluid accumulator is configured to store the first fluid heated by condensation of the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor, and the heat pump is also configured to absorb, through its working medium, heat from and thereby cool the first fluid from the first fluid reservoir, wherein the second fluid reservoir is configured to store the thus cooled first fluid; wherein

[0038] the third fluid storage medium is configured to store the second fluid cooled by heating the pressure working medium supplied to the air motor, wherein the heat pump is also configured to heat, through its working medium, the second fluid from the third fluid storage medium, when wherein the fourth fluid storage medium is configured to store the thus heated second fluid medium.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the system may further comprise a first condenser and a steam generator, wherein

[0040] The first condenser is configured to use the cooled first fluid flowing through it from the second fluid reservoir to condense the bleed air motor pressure gas flowing into the first condenser to form a liquid pressure working fluid that is returned to the steam generator in as an input pressure working substance of a pneumatic motor; wherein the steam generator is configured to use the heated second fluid flowing through it from the fourth fluid storage medium to heat and vaporize the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor in the steam generator to form a pressure gaseous working medium for driving the pneumatic motor.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the system may further comprise an evaporator and a second condenser, wherein:

[0042] The evaporator is adapted to use the heat pump working medium (I) flowing through it to absorb heat from the first fluid flowing into the evaporator from the first fluid storage medium, resulting in the conversion of the heat pump working medium into vapor and cooling of the first fluid. environment; wherein the second condenser is configured to use the compressed heat pump fluid flowing through it to heat the second fluid flowing into the second condenser from the third fluid storage medium, which results in the heat pump working fluid condensing and then moving back to the evaporator.

[0043] According to one of the embodiments, the system may further comprise a reservoir of liquid working substance located below the first condenser, connected in fluid medium to the first condenser through the first valve and connected in fluid medium to the steam generator through the second valve,

[0044] when the first valve is open, the second valve is closed, whereby the first condenser is connected to the reservoir 14 of the working fluid, while fluidly disconnected from the steam generator, to pass the flow obtained by condensing the pressurized liquid working fluid into the reservoir of the liquid working fluid, wherein

[0045] When the liquid level in the fluid storage tank rises above a predetermined first threshold, the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened to disconnect the fluid storage tank from the first condenser and connect the fluid storage tank to the steam generator to enabling the return of the pressurized liquid working medium collected in the liquid working medium accumulator to the steam generator.

[0046] In one embodiment, when the liquid level in the fluid storage tank falls below a predetermined second threshold, the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed to disconnect the fluid storage tank from the steam generator and reconnect the fluid storage tank. through a fluid medium with a condenser for passing the flow of pressure liquid working substance obtained by condensation in the first condenser into the storage of liquid working substance, wherein the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold.

[0047] In this case, the first and second valves may be electric valves.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the fluid storage medium is also fluidly connected to the first condenser through a third conduit, different from the first conduit, where the first valve is located, while the third valve and the pneumatic power generator, connected in series, are located along the third pipeline,

[0049] The fluid storage medium is also fluidly connected to the steam generator through a fourth pipeline, different from the second pipeline, where the second valve is located, while the fourth valve and the gas storage connected in series are located along the fourth pipeline, and the gas storage is connected between steam generator and the fourth valve and is configured to accumulate pressure gaseous working substance obtained as a result of conversion into steam,

[0050] when the fluid level in the fluid reservoir rises above a predetermined first threshold, the third valve is moved from open to closed and the fourth valve is moved from closed to open to disconnect the fluid reservoir from the first capacitor and connect a fluid working fluid storage tank with a steam generator, considering that the first valve is moved to a closed state and the second valve is moved to an open state, thereby allowing the pressurized working fluid storage medium to return to the steam generator; wherein, when the liquid level in the fluid storage medium falls below a predetermined second threshold, the third valve is moved from closed to open, and the fourth valve is moved from open to closed, resulting in a pressure difference inside the storage fluid working medium and inside the first the condenser drives a pneumatic electric generator to generate electricity, the generated electricity being preferably used to assist in heating the second fluid in the fourth fluid storage tank, and when the pressure in the fluid storage tank comes into equilibrium with the pressure in the first condenser, the first valve is transferred from the closed to the open state.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the first valve and the second valve are check valves, and the third valve and the fourth valve are electric valves.

[0052] According to one of the embodiments, the heat pump may include an electric motor and a compressor driven by this motor (NKM, English CMP), while at least part of the second fluid from the third fluid reservoir is used for water cooling and/or the pneumatic motor is connected to and drives the power generator, wherein at least a portion of the second fluid from the third fluid reservoir is used to cool the power generator with water and then returned to the fourth fluid accumulator.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the first, second, third, and fourth fluid storage, fluid storage, evaporator, steam generator, first condenser, and/or second condenser are thermally insulated. Other components of the overall system, such as piping and valves, are preferably thermally insulated.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the first fluid is salt water, wherein the first fluid heated by condensation of the exhaust pressure gaseous working fluid of the air motor, or the first fluid accumulated in the first fluid reservoir, preferably has a temperature 0°C to 20°C, more preferably 0°C to 12°C, or more preferably 12°C; wherein the first fluid cooled by the heat transfer to the working medium of the heat pump (I), or the first fluid accumulated in the second fluid accumulator, preferably has a temperature of from -20°C to 0°C, more preferably from -12 °C to 0°C, or more preferably -12°C; and/or

[0055] the second fluid is fresh water, wherein the second fluid cooled by heating the input pressure working medium, or the second fluid accumulated in the third fluid reservoir, preferably has a temperature of from 30°C to 50°C , more preferably from 35°C to 45°C, or more preferably 40°C; wherein the second fluid heated by the heat pump working medium (I) or the second fluid stored in the fourth fluid reservoir preferably has a temperature of 90°C to 60°C, more preferably 80°C to 65°C , or more preferably component 75°C; and/or

[0056] The heat pump fluid may be CO ₂ and the pressure air motor fluid may be ammonia.

[0057] In the proposed method and distributed power conversion system, the heat pump heats the second fluid and cools the first fluid, and by means of the cooled first fluid, the discharged pressure gaseous working substance of the air motor is condensed, thereby reducing the pressure at the outlet of the air motor, while by means of a heated second fluid, heating and conversion into steam of the supplied pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor is carried out to increase the pressure of the supplied pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor, which significantly increases the pressure difference at the inlet of the working substance and the outlet of the working substance of the pneumatic motor and, as a result, increases the power of the pneumatic motor and power generation. In this case, the first fluid circulates in one circulating circuit and the second fluid circulates in another circulating circuit, without discharging energy outside the power conversion system as a whole, thus avoiding energy losses and increasing the efficiency of the system as a whole. In addition, the process of carrying out the condensation of the exhaust pressure gaseous working fluid of the pneumatic motor using the first fluid is a process of absorbing and accumulating heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working fluid by the first fluid, while the accumulated heat can be absorbed by the working fluid of the heat pump, which avoids energy losses in the system.

[0058] Thus, when using the distributed power conversion method and system, there is no conventional "waste heat", as the "waste heat" is used as useful energy in other parts of the system. For example, in the case of a heat pump, when the heat pump is used to heat a second fluid so that the second fluid can subsequently be used to heat and vaporize an air motor pressure input, the heat pump cools the first fluid, which can then be be used to condense the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor, that is, the heat pump uses both the sensible heat of the second fluid and the latent heat of the first fluid. In another example, in the case of a pneumatic motor, the residual heat contained in the exhaust gases of the pneumatic motor after the work of its pressure working medium is returned to circulation by the cooled first fluid, due to which the working medium of the heat pump can subsequently absorb heat from the first fluid, then there is a "waste heat" of the air motor is also involved. Even the waste heat generated by the heat pump electric motor and the air motor driven power generator can be recycled by the water cooling process with the second fluid from the third fluid store entering the fourth fluid store for later use.

[0059] The proposed method and system for distributed energy conversion provide the ability to drive an external device, for example, a power generator to generate electricity and, thus, represent a method and system for distributed energy storage and generation with a significantly increased efficiency and, as a result, increased energy efficiency. In addition, the use of a plurality of energy storage fluid storage devices allows off-peak electricity to be stored in the form of energy, and the energy stored at night can be used to generate greatly increased electricity during the daytime with large power consumption.

[0060] In variations of the embodiments disclosed above, if the first and second circulation loops are excluded from the distributed power conversion method and system, resulting in heat exchange directly between the heat pump working medium and the air motor working medium, a different method and system will be obtained. energy conversion with the possibility of instant return of the enhanced input energy.

[0061] In one variation of the embodiment, a power conversion method is provided, including the steps of:

[0062] absorbing heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working fluid of the air motor by means of the working fluid of the first heat pump, which leads to the condensation of the discharged pressure gaseous working fluid of the air motor to form a pressure liquid working fluid, which is transported as an input pressure working fluid of the air motor;

[0063] By means of the first heat pump, its working medium is compressed with absorbed heat to further increase the temperature of its working medium, in order to heat and turn into steam the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor with the formation of a pressure gaseous working medium, which is used for driving the air motor, and then exiting the air motor as an exhaust pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor; and

[0064] move the working medium of the first heat pump with a temperature reduced due to the heating of the supplied pressure working medium in order to again absorb heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor, as a result of which the working medium of the first heat pump repeatedly undergoes heat absorption processes , increasing its temperature and decreasing its temperature.

[0065] In another variation of the embodiment, a power conversion system is provided, comprising a heat pump, an air motor, a first evaporative condenser, and a second evaporative condenser, wherein the heat pump is fluidly connected to both the first and second evaporative condensers via conduits, wherein the first and the second evaporative condensers are fluidly connected through the first pipeline, whereby the heat pump fluid can be circulated through the first evaporative condenser, the first pipeline and the second evaporative condenser; wherein the air motor is fluidly connected to both the first and second evaporative condensers via conduits, wherein the first and second evaporative condensers are in turn fluidly connected via a second conduit, whereby the pressure working medium of the air motor can be circulated through the first evaporative condenser, the second pipeline and the second evaporative condenser,

[0066] The heat pump fluid can be used to absorb heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working fluid of the air motor, which leads to the condensation of the latter with the formation of a pressure liquid working fluid transported as an input pressure fluid of the air motor,

[0067] The heat pump is configured to compress its working fluid after absorbing heat to raise the temperature of the working fluid, which is then used to heat and steam the pressure working fluid of the pneumatic motor in the second evaporative condenser as the pressure gaseous working fluid driving the pneumatic a motor with subsequent exit from the pneumatic motor as a discharged pressure gaseous working medium,

[0068] The heat pump fluid at a temperature lowered due to its heating of the air motor pressure fluid input in the second evaporative condenser can be transferred to the first evaporative condenser to re-absorb heat from the air motor pressure fluid outlet gas, in as a result, the working substance of the heat pump can repeatedly undergo the processes of heat absorption, increase in its temperature and decrease in its temperature.

[0069] The above disclosed the essence of the solutions according to the invention to create a clear understanding of these solutions and their implementation as described. Embodiments of the invention are disclosed below for a better understanding of the above and other objects, features and advantages.

Brief description of the drawings

[0070] The various advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention. The drawings are provided to illustrate some preferred embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Like reference numbers refer to like parts throughout the drawings, where:

[0071] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed power conversion system according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0072] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of part of a distributed power conversion system according to this embodiment of the invention;

[0073] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distributed power conversion method according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0074] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion system according to a modified embodiment of the invention;

[0075] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion method according to another modified embodiment of the invention; and

[0076] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion system according to another modified embodiment of the invention.

Implementation of the invention

[0077] Some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that, in addition to the illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure depicted in the drawings, various forms of implementation of the present disclosure are possible, not limited to the described embodiments. Rather, these embodiments are presented to provide a clearer understanding of the present disclosure and to fully bring the scope of the present disclosure to the attention of those skilled in the art.

[0078] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed power conversion system according to one embodiment of the invention. The distributed power conversion system in FIG. 1 of this embodiment includes a heat pump I, an air motor J, a circulation circuit through which salt water circulates, and a circulation circuit through which fresh water circulates.

[0079] In this case, the heat pump I is configured to absorb, through its working medium, the heat from the salt water circulating in the circulation circuit, resulting in cooling of the salt water, and then compressing the working medium with the heat thus absorbed for additional raising the temperature of the working medium to heat fresh water in another circulation circuit by means of the working medium. The heat pump I in FIG. 1 includes, for example, an electric motor 8 and a compressor connected to the electric motor 8, as well as working media pipelines associated with the compressor and the medium in the pipelines.

[0080] The fresh water heated by the heat pump working fluid is used to heat and vaporise the pressure working fluid input of the air motor J to form a pressure working fluid gas for driving the air motor J, after which the fresh water at a temperature lowered from - for heating the pressure working medium supplied by it, is reheated by means of the heat pump working medium I and subsequently used to reheat the pressure working medium supplied to the pneumatic motor J, resulting in repeated heating and cooling of fresh water in another circulation circuit.

[0081] The salt water cooled by the heat pump working medium is used to carry out the condensation of the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor J, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the salt water, after which the salt water thus elevated in temperature is again cooled by the working medium of the thermal pump I with the absorption of heat from salt water and is used to re-condense the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor J, resulting in repeated cooling and heating of salt water in the corresponding circulation circuit.

[0082] According to the invention, the circulation circuits are designed to unidirectionally circulate the salt water and fresh water contained therein, respectively, resulting in repeated cooling and heating of salt water during its circulation in the corresponding circulation circuit and repeated heating and cooling of fresh water during its circulation in the corresponding circulation circuit. The design of the circulation circuits can be any and include a variety of pipelines, valves, pumping devices, evaporators, condensers, steam generators, etc., while fluid storage for short-term accumulation of salt water and fresh water, respectively, can be arbitrarily located in the circulation circuits . Thus, the present invention does not limit the implementation of circulation loops, except that it must be possible to circulate salt water and fresh water in the loops and repeatedly cool and heat them.

[0083] The condenser C in the distributed power conversion system is configured to, by means of chilled salt water from the fluid storage tank E, condense the vented pressurized working fluid (i.e., ammonia gas) of the pneumatic motor J flowing into the channel of the condenser casing C, with the formation of a pressure liquid working medium (i.e. liquid ammonia) when flowing through the channel of the pipe part of the condenser C, while the pressure liquid working substance again enters the steam generator D as an input pressure working medium (i.e. liquid ammonia) of a pneumatic motor J. The steam generator D is configured to use heated fresh water from the fluid reservoir F flowing through the channel of the tubular part of the steam generator D to heat and convert into steam the pressure working medium supplied by the pneumatic motor J in the channel of the casing of the steam generator D with the formation of a pressure gaseous working medium for etc actuation of the air motor J.

[0084] The distributed power conversion system may further include an evaporator A and a condenser B. The evaporator A is configured to use the heat pump fluid I flowing through the channel of the evaporator A casing to absorb heat from salt water from the fluid storage tank G flowing into the channel of the pipe part of the evaporator A, as a result of which the working medium of the heat pump I is converted into steam. The condenser B is configured to use the compressed working medium of the heat pump I flowing through the channel of the condenser casing B, to heat fresh water from the accumulator H of the fluid medium, flowing into the channel of the pipe part of the condenser B, which leads to the condensation of the working medium of the heat pump I with subsequent return to the evaporator A.

[0085] In the distributed power conversion system of the present disclosure, the heat pump I is configured to both cool salt water and heat fresh water, whereby the chilled salt water is used to condense the discharge pressure gaseous working fluid of the pneumatic motor J to reduce the pressure at the outlet of the pneumatic motor J; wherein the heated fresh water is used to heat and vaporize the input pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J to increase the pressure of the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J, resulting in a significant increase in the pressure difference at the inlet of the working medium and at the outlet of the working medium of the pneumatic motor J , i.e. of the inlet pressurized working medium and the outgoing pressurized working medium of the air motor J, and as a result, an increase in the power output of the air motor J and an increase in the amount of electricity that can be generated by the air motor J. In this case, the circulation of salt water occurs in one corresponding circulating circuit, and the circulation of fresh water in another circulation circuit, without discharging energy outside the energy conversion system, which avoids the loss of energy from the energy conversion system and improves the efficiency of the energy conversion system. In addition, the salt water energy storage in practice occurs when the salt water absorbs heat from the discharged pressure gas of the air motor J to condense the discharged pressure gas of the working medium, while the heat absorbed by the salt water can be absorbed by the heat pump, thus avoiding energy loss from the system. In addition, the "waste heat" generated by the heat pump I cooling the salt water is used by the heat pump I to heat the fresh water, i.e. there is virtually no generation of waste heat in the system as a whole.

[0086] In the above embodiment, the salt water circulation loop may be formed by evaporator A, fluid storage E, condenser C, and fluid storage G connected in series by pipelines, fluid storage G also being connected to evaporator A through a pipeline, thereby thereby creating a closed circulation loop, whereby pumping devices, for example water pumps 4, serving to induce salt water to circulate in the circulation loop, can be placed at desired positions along the pipelines. For example, a water pump 4 may be placed downstream between evaporator A and fluid storage E to move chilled salt water from evaporator A to storage fluid storage E; a water pump 4 may be placed downstream between fluid storage E and condenser C to move salt water from fluid storage E to condenser C; and the water pump 4 may be placed downstream of the pipeline between the fluid storage tank G and the evaporator A to move salt water from the fluid storage tank G to the evaporator A. from actual needs.

[0087] Similarly, the fresh water circulation loop may be formed by a condenser B, a fluid store F, a steam generator D, and a fluid store H connected in series by pipelines, wherein the fluid store H is also connected to the condenser B through a pipeline, thereby creating a closed circulation loop, while pumping devices, for example, water pumps 4, causing fresh water to circulate through the circulation loop, can be placed in desired positions along the pipelines. For example, a water pump 4 may be placed downstream between condenser B and fluid storage F to move heated fresh water from condenser B to storage fluid storage F; a water pump 4 may be placed downstream between the fluid storage F and the steam generator D to move fresh water from the fluid storage F to the steam generator D; and the water pump 4 can be placed along the pipeline between the storage H of the fluid and the condenser B with the possibility of moving fresh water from the storage H of the fluid to the condenser B. The invention is not limited to the above, while water pumps can be placed along specific pipelines, depending from actual needs.

[0088] According to the present disclosure, salt water is used as the circulating fluid for one of the circulating circuits, and fresh water (i.e., plain water) is used as the circulating fluid for the other of the circulating circuits, however, the present invention is not limited to them. and allows the use of other fluids (e.g. other types of liquids or even gas) without any conflict, provided that these fluids are able to remain fluid at the desired operating temperature for circulation in the circuits and heat exchange with the heat pump fluid and pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor at the specified temperature. Those skilled in the art will readily be able to determine the fluid suitable for circulation in the above circulation circuits depending on the type, pressure, and operating temperature of the heat pump fluid and the type, pressure, and operating temperature of the pressurized air motor fluid in the system. The disclosed embodiments with salt water and fresh water as circulating fluids are illustrative. Salt water is accepted as the first fluid because of its ability to remain fluid at temperatures below 0°C, as well as easy availability and low cost. Whereas "fresh water" means plain water with a freezing point of 0°C.

[0089] Fluid accumulators G and E in FIG. 1 are respectively configured to store salt water of different temperatures in a salt water circulation circuit, and fluid accumulators H and F are respectively configured to store fresh water of different temperatures in another fresh water circulation circuit.

[0090] The fluid reservoir G is configured to store salt water heated by condensation of the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor J, in which case the salt water is usually heated to a temperature above 0°C, for example, from 0°C to 20°C, or from 0°C to 12°C, preferably 12°C, or any other desired temperature. By means of its working medium, the heat pump I absorbs heat from the salt water from the salt water cooled fluid store G, while the chilled salt water is stored in the fluid store E, in this case the salt water is usually cooled to a temperature below 0°C. , for example, from -20°C to 0°C, or from -12°C to 0°C, preferably -12°C, or any other desired temperature.

[0091] The accumulator H of the fluid medium is configured to store fresh water cooled due to its heating of the pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor J, while in this case, fresh water usually has a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, for example, from 30°C to 50°C, and from 35°C to 45°C, and preferably 40°C, or any other desired temperature. By means of its working medium, the heat pump I heats fresh water from the fluid storage tank H, while the heated fresh water is stored in the fluid storage tank F, the heated fresh water typically having a temperature of between 90° C. and 60° C., for example between 80° C to 65°C, and preferably 75°C, or any other desired temperature.

[0092] In this case, the heat pump fluid I is, for example, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and the pressure fluid of the air motor J is, for example, ammonia. These examples are illustrative, while other substances can be taken as the working medium of the heat pump I and the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J, provided that they are capable of turning into steam and condensing at predetermined temperatures for heat exchange with the external fluid, e.g. salt water or fresh water. For example, freon can also be taken as the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J.

[0093] If CO ₂ is adopted as the working medium (i.e., refrigerant) of the heat pump I, it is preferable for the evaporator A that the salt water be cooled to a temperature of about -12 ° C, in order to achieve a high refrigeration COP of the evaporator A, for example, refrigeration gearbox is about 2 in this case. Heat pump I can use other types of substances, provided that with them heat pump I can absorb heat from salt water in evaporator A and transfer heat to fresh water in condenser B.

[0094] In order to achieve a high efficiency of the heat pump for heating the fresh water in the condenser B, the fresh water in the fluid storage tank H preferably has a temperature of 40°C, and the fresh water in the fluid storage tank F may preferably have a temperature of 75°C. In the above temperature conditions, the heat pump COP I for heating fresh water can be about 3.

[0095] If liquid ammonia is used as the pressurized working medium of the pneumatic motor J (for example, an environmentally friendly refrigerant based on liquid ammonia), then at a fresh water temperature of 75 ° C at the inlet of the channel of the pipe part of the steam generator D and a fresh water temperature of 40 ° C at at the outlet of the channel of the pipe part, the pressure of the vapors formed as a result of the conversion of liquid ammonia into steam in the steam generator D will be 16.7 KG. In this case, if the salt water at the inlet of the channel of the condenser tube part C is -12°C, and the salt water at the outlet of the channel of the tube part is at a temperature of 12°C, the resulting back pressure of the air motor J is about 6.7 KG, and a net pressure drop of about 10 KG is achieved - significantly higher than in the prior art - for the pneumatic motor J of the proposed system, which significantly increases the power output of the pneumatic motor J and, as a result, the efficiency of power generation, if the pneumatic motor J is used to drive a power generator . In practice, depending on the temperature of the fresh water flowing into the steam generator D, the temperature of the salt water flowing into the condenser C, etc., those skilled in the art will be able to select another suitable working medium as the pressure working medium of the air motor J, when this invention is not limited to the above.

[0096] Components such as fluid accumulators, evaporators, condensers, steam generators, piping, and valves in embodiments of the proposed system are preferably thermally insulated to avoid unintended heat exchange with the environment.

[0097] Next, an example of a process in which the discharged gaseous pressure fluid of the air motor J is condensed in the condenser C and then re-enters the steam generator D as the input pressure fluid of the air motor J will be described in detail.

[0098] The power conversion system in the embodiment of FIG. 1 and 2 may further include a fluid storage tank 14 located below the first condenser C, fluidly connected to the first condenser C through valve 13, and fluidly connected to the steam generator D through valve 18. In this case, when the valve 13 is open, the valve 18 is closed, whereby the condenser C is connected to the reservoir 14 of the liquid working medium, while the reservoir 14 is fluidly disconnected from the steam generator D, as a result of which the pressurized liquid working medium obtained by condensation in the condenser C can flow into the accumulator 14 by gravity (or under the action of a pumping device). Here, when the liquid level in storage tank 14 rises above a predetermined upper threshold liquid level 19, valve 13 is closed and valve 18 is opened to disconnect fluid storage tank 14 from condenser C and connect storage tank 14 to steam generator D, thereby allowing return of pressure the liquid working medium collected in the accumulator 14 into the steam generator D and its subsequent conversion into steam as the supplied pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor J.

[0099] In addition, when the liquid level in the accumulator 14 falls below a predetermined lower liquid threshold 20, the valve 13 is opened and the valve 18 is closed to disconnect the fluid accumulator 14 from the steam generator D and reconnect the fluid accumulator 14 to the condenser C, whereby the pressurized working fluid resulting from the condensation in the condenser C can flow into the accumulator 14. The predetermined lower liquid threshold level 20 is lower than the predetermined upper liquid threshold level 19. In this case, valves 13 and 18 may be electric valves, the opening and closing of which, as described above, is controlled by a sensor 15 configured to detect the liquid level in the accumulator 14, when the sensor 15 determines that the liquid level is above a predetermined level. upper threshold liquid level 19 or below a predetermined lower liquid threshold level 20 .

[00100] In another embodiment, valves 13 and 18 are check valves. When the valve 13 is open, the pressurized working fluid can flow in the direction from the condenser C to the fluid storage tank 14; and when the valve 18 is open, the pressurized liquid working medium can flow in the direction from the store 14 to the steam generator D. In this case, the store 14 can also be connected in fluid with the condenser C through another pipeline, different from the pipeline where the valve 13 is located, and the valve 12 and the pneumatic electric generator 11, connected in series, are located along this other pipeline with the possibility of directing the flow of the pressure gaseous working substance over the pressure liquid working substance in the accumulator 14 into the condenser C. The accumulator 14 can also be connected in fluid medium with the steam generator D through another pipeline, different from the pipeline where the valve 18 is located, while the valve 16 and the accumulator 17 of the gas, connected in series, are located along this other pipeline, and the accumulator 17 of the gas is connected between the steam generator D and the valve 16 and is configured to separate the pressure gaseous working substances p of the pneumatic motor coming from the steam generator D, from the pressurized liquid working medium of the pneumatic motor contained in the pressurized gaseous working medium, and with the possibility of temporarily accumulating the pressurized gaseous working medium, if necessary. The valve 16 is configured to direct the flow of the pressurized gaseous working substance formed in the steam generator D into the accumulator 14. In this case, the valves 12 and 16 may be electric valves controlled by the detected signal of the liquid level sensor 15, and instead of the gas accumulator 17, it is possible use of any other device with the function of separating liquid from gas.

[00101] Next, together with the enlarged schematic view of part of the distributed power conversion system in FIG. 2, the operation of the fluid reservoir 14 and associated valves will be disclosed according to the embodiment disclosed above. When the liquid level in the accumulator 14 rises above the predetermined upper liquid threshold 19, the liquid level sensor 15 detects that the liquid level has risen above the predetermined upper liquid threshold 19 and generates an electrical signal causing the electric valve 12 to change from open to closed. and causing the electric valve 16 to change from closed to open, thereby moving the high-pressure gas (i.e., pressurized gaseous working medium resulting from the conversion to steam in the steam generator D) located in the gas accumulator 17 into the accumulator 14 through the valve 16, as a result of which the pressure in the accumulator 14 increases and, as a result, the check valve 13 closes, and then the check valve 18 opens under the action of gravity of the pressure working substance in the accumulator 14, as a result of which the accumulator 14 becomes connected with steam generator D, and pressure the liquid working medium will be able to flow back to the steam generator D from the store 14. When the liquid level in the store 14 falls below the predetermined lower liquid threshold 20, the liquid level sensor 15 detects that the liquid level has fallen below the predetermined lower liquid threshold 20 and generates an electrical a signal that causes the electric valve 12 to go from closed to open and that causes the electric valve 16 to go from open to closed, while at the moment the pressure in the accumulator 14 is higher than in the channel of the condenser casing C (through which the pressure gaseous and liquid working substance of the pneumatic motor J), while the pressure difference between them can be used to drive the pneumatic electric generator 11 to generate electricity, while the generated electricity preferably flows through the wire 23 to heat the heating tube 22, in turn heating fresh water in the storage F of the fluid, resulting in the accumulation of additional heat in the storage F of the fluid. When the pressure in the accumulator 14 drops, the check valve 13 changes from closed to open by gravity of the pressurized liquid working medium in the condenser C, and at this time, since the pressure in the channel of the steam generator casing D (through which the pressurized liquid and gaseous working medium flows the fluid of the air motor J) is higher than in the storage tank 14, the check valve 18 changes from open to closed to disconnect the storage tank 14 in fluid from the steam generator D. This solution provides significant energy savings compared to the traditional method of returning the working medium using an electric pump , as well as high pressure resistance, no leakage and high efficiency.

[00102] In the distributed power conversion system of this embodiment, the heat pump I includes an electric motor 8 and a compressor driven by the electric motor, wherein at least a portion of the fresh water from the fluid storage tank H is used to cool the electric motor with water. 8, fresh water, after said water cooling, re-enters the fluid reservoir F; and/or, the air motor J is connected to and drives the power generator, wherein at least a portion of the fresh water from the fluid reservoir H is used to cool the power generator with water, the fresh water after said water cooling being re-entered into the reservoir F fluid. Thus, the heat released during the mechanical movements of devices in the system (including the electric motor, power generator, etc.) can also be accumulated and used to avoid the occurrence of waste heat.

[00103] Further, in conjunction with FIG. 1-3, a distributed power conversion method according to one embodiment of the invention will be disclosed. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distributed power conversion method according to this embodiment of the invention. The method in Fig. 3 may include steps where:

[00104] absorbing heat from the salt water circulating in the circulation circuit by means of the working medium of the heat pump I, as a result of which the salt water is cooled, and then compressing the working medium with the absorbed heat by means of the heat pump I to further increase the temperature of the working medium for heating fresh water circulating in another circulation circuit, by means of a working substance;

[00105] displacing the heated fresh water to heat and vaporise the pressure fluid input of the air motor J to form a pressurized gaseous working medium to drive the air motor J, and reheat the fresh water whose temperature has dropped due to its heating of the input pressurized air motor fluid through the heat pump fluid I to reheat the input air motor pressurized fluid J through the newly heated fresh water, thereby repeatedly heating and cooling the fresh water in said other circulation circuit; and

[00106] displacing the salt water cooled by the heat pump working medium to carry out the condensation of the discharged pressurized working medium of the air motor J, and again absorbing heat from and thereby cooling the salt water whose temperature has risen due to the condensation by means of it of the discharged gaseous pressure medium of the air motor J, by means of the heat pump medium I, so that the newly cooled salt water can be used again to condense the discharged gaseous pressure medium of the air motor J, resulting in repeated cooling and heating of the salt water in the corresponding circulation circuit.

[00107] In this embodiment of the present invention, the circulation loops, which are the same as in the previous embodiments, are used for unidirectional circulation of salt water and fresh water contained therein.

[00108] The heat pump fluid I can absorb heat from the salt water from the fluid storage tank G, thereby cooling it, and the cooled salt water is transferred to the fluid storage tank E. The heat pump I can also compress its working medium, which contains the heat thus absorbed, to further increase the temperature of its working medium, which makes it possible to heat fresh water from the fluid reservoir H by means of the working medium of the heat pump I, while the heated fresh water is transferred to the reservoir F fluid. The heated fresh water from the fluid reservoir F can be transferred to heat and vaporise the pressure working medium input of the pneumatic motor J to form a pressure gaseous working medium for driving the pneumatic motor J, wherein the fresh water after heating the supplied pressure working medium is returned to accumulator H of the fluid. The cooled salt water from the fluid reservoir E is conveyed to condense the discharged pressurized working gas of the air motor J, and then returned to the fluid reservoir G.

[00109] Cooling and heating according to the power conversion method of an embodiment of the present invention can be performed by a condenser and an evaporator. On FIG. 1 shows that the cooled first fluid from the fluid reservoir E flows through the channel of the tubular part of the condenser C to effect the condensation of the discharged pressure gaseous working medium (for example, ammonia gas) of the pneumatic motor J flowing into the channel of the condenser casing C, forming a pressure liquid working substance (i.e. liquid ammonia), then returned to the steam generator D as an input pressure working medium (i.e. liquid ammonia) of the pneumatic motor J. Heated fresh water from the accumulator F of the fluid flowing through the channel of the pipe part of the steam generator D, used for heating and converting into steam the supplied pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor J in the channel of the casing of the steam generator D with the formation of a pressure gaseous working substance for driving the pneumatic motor J.

[00110] In an embodiment of the proposed energy conversion method, the heat pump working medium I can flow through the channel of the evaporator shell A and absorb heat from salt water flowing into the channel of the tubular part of the evaporator A from the fluid storage tank G, resulting in the conversion into steam of the working heat pump substances I and salt water cooling. The compressed working medium of the heat pump I can flow into the channel of the condenser shell B to heat the fresh water flowing into the channel of the pipe part of the condenser B from the reservoir H of the fluid, which leads to the condensation of the working medium of the heat pump I, and then return back to the evaporator A. B In the context of this disclosure, the terms “casing bore” and “tube bore” are used interchangeably, if necessary, without conflict.

[00111] In this embodiment, the design of the salt water and fresh water circulation loops may be the same as in the embodiments disclosed above. According to the present disclosure, salt water is adopted as the circulating fluid in one of the circulation circuits, and plain fresh water is adopted as the circulating fluid in the other circulation circuit, and the circulating fluid of the present disclosure is not limited to salt water or fresh water, and it is possible to use, without any contradiction, any other fluids, for example other types of liquids or even gases, provided that they are able to remain in a fluid state at the desired operating temperature for circulation in said circuits and heat exchange with the heat pump working medium and pressure working substance of a pneumatic motor at a specified temperature. Those skilled in the art will readily be able to determine the appropriate fluid to circulate in the above circulation circuits depending on the type, pressure, and operating temperature of the heat pump fluid and the type, pressure, and operating temperature of the pressurized air motor fluid in the system. The disclosed embodiments with salt water and fresh water as circulating fluids are illustrative. Salt water is accepted as the first fluid because of its ability to keep fluid at temperatures below 0°C, easy availability and low cost. In this case, "fresh water" means plain water with a freezing point of 0°C.

[00112] Fluid storage G is configured to store salt water heated by condensation of the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor J, in this case, salt water is usually heated to a temperature above 0°C, for example from 0°C to 20 °C or from 0°C to 12°C, preferably 12°C, or any other desired temperature. By means of its working medium, the heat pump I absorbs heat from the salt water from the salt water cooled fluid store G, while the chilled salt water is stored in the fluid store E, in this case the salt water is usually cooled to a temperature below 0°C. , for example -20°C to 0°C or -12°C to 0°C, preferably -12°C, or any other desired temperature.

[00113] The accumulator H of the fluid medium is configured to store fresh water cooled due to its heating of the pressure working substance of the pneumatic motor J, while in this case, fresh water usually has a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, for example from 30 °C to 50°C or from 35°C to 45°C, preferably 40°C, or any other desired temperature. By means of its working medium, the heat pump I heats fresh water from the fluid storage tank H, while the heated fresh water is stored in the fluid storage tank F, the heated fresh water typically having a temperature of between 90° C. and 60° C., for example between 80° C to 65°C, preferably 75°C, or any other desired temperature.

[00114] In this case, the heat pump fluid I is, for example, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and the pressure fluid of the air motor J is, for example, ammonia. These examples are illustrative, while other media can be taken as the working medium of the heat pump I and the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J, provided that they are capable of turning into steam and condensing at predetermined temperatures for heat exchange with the external fluid, e.g. salt water or fresh water. For example, freon can also be taken as the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J.

[00115] If CO ₂ is adopted as the working medium (i.e., refrigerant) of the heat pump I, it is preferable for the evaporator A that the salt water be cooled to a temperature of about -12 ° C, in order to achieve a high refrigeration COP of the evaporator A, for example, refrigeration gearbox is about 2 in this case. Heat pump I can use other types of substances, provided that with them heat pump I can absorb heat from salt water in evaporator A and transfer heat to fresh water in condenser B.

[00116] In order to achieve a high efficiency of the heat pump for heating fresh water in condenser B, fresh water in fluid storage tank H is preferably at a temperature of 40°C, and fresh water in fluid storage tank F may preferably be at a temperature of 75°C. In the above temperature conditions, the heat pump COP I for heating fresh water can be about 3.

[00117] If liquid ammonia is used as the pressurized working medium of air motor J (for example, an environmentally friendly refrigerant based on liquid ammonia), then at a fresh water temperature of 75 ° C at the inlet of the channel of the tubular part of the steam generator D and a fresh water temperature of 40 ° C at at the outlet of the channel of the pipe part, the pressure of the vapors formed as a result of the conversion of liquid ammonia into steam in the steam generator D will be 16.7 KG. In this case, if the salt water at the inlet of the channel of the condenser tube part C is -12°C, and the salt water at the outlet of the channel of the tube part is at a temperature of 12°C, the resulting back pressure of the air motor J is about 6.7 KG, and a net pressure drop of about 10KG is achieved - significantly higher than in the prototypes - for the pneumatic motor J of the proposed system, which significantly increases the power output of the pneumatic motor J and, as a result, the efficiency of power generation, if the pneumatic motor J is used to drive a power generator, this can achieve a power generator CP of 5. In practice, depending on the temperature of the fresh water flowing into the steam generator D, the temperature of the salt water flowing into the condenser C, etc., those skilled in the art will be able to select another suitable operating temperature. substance as a pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J, while the present and the invention is not limited to the above.

[00118] Next, an example of a process according to the power conversion method of this embodiment of the invention will be described in which the discharged gaseous pressure fluid of the pneumatic motor J is condensed to form a pressure liquid working fluid, which is returned to the steam generator D as the input pressure fluid of the pneumatic J motor.

[00119] In particular, before transferring the pressurized liquid working medium obtained as a result of said condensation back to the steam generator D as the input pressure working medium of the air motor J, the method may further include the steps of:

[00120] fluidly connect condenser C to fluid storage tank 14 while leaving storage tank 14 fluidly disconnected from steam generator D, whereby the pressurized liquid working fluid resulting from said condensation flows into storage tank 14, whereby when the liquid level in the accumulator 14 becomes higher than the predetermined upper threshold level 19 of the liquid, the accumulator 14 is fluidly disconnected from the condenser C and the accumulator 14 is connected by fluid to the steam generator D to enable the return of the pressurized liquid working substance from the accumulator 14 to the steam generator D.

[00121] Here, when the liquid level in storage tank 14 falls below a predetermined lower liquid threshold 20, storage tank 14 is fluidly disconnected from steam generator D while being reconnected in fluid communication with condenser C to pass the flow resulting from said condensing the liquid pressurized working medium into the accumulator 14. In this case, the predetermined lower threshold liquid level 20 is below the predetermined upper threshold liquid level.

[00122] When storage tank 14 is again fluidly connected to condenser C, the pressure difference within storage tank 14 and inside condenser casing channel C can drive pneumatic power generator 11 to generate electricity, with the generated electricity preferably used to assist in heating fresh water in the reservoir F of the fluid.

[00123] If the heat pump I includes an electric motor (EM) 8 and a compressor 8 driven by said motor, and the air motor J is connected to a power generator to generate electricity, to utilize any heat generated by mechanical movements in the system, the method the power conversion of this embodiment of the invention may further include the steps of water cooling the motor 8 with at least a portion of the fresh water from the fluid storage H, and moving this fresh water portion after said water cooling to the fluid storage F, and performing water-cooling the power generator with at least another part of the fresh water from the fluid storage H and moving said other fresh water after said water cooling to the fluid storage F.

[00124] As in the energy conversion system disclosed above, fluid storage tanks G, E, H, and F, fluid storage tank 14, evaporator A, steam generator D, condenser C, and/or condenser D may be thermally insulated.

[00125] According to the power conversion method of this embodiment, the circulation circuits, fluids such as salt water and fresh water, heat pump fluid, and pressure air motor fluid are the same as in the power conversion system, so they the description will not be repeated.

[00126] The present invention will now be disclosed on the example of a particular case of using the system and method of energy conversion according to embodiments of the invention in the field of power generation.

[00127] The idea of this particular use case is based on a nighttime energy storage mode and a daytime power generation mode. In the night storage mode, by consuming off-peak electricity, the heat pump stores heat (including sensible heat and latent heat) in fluid storage tanks E and F using ice water and hot water as carriers until the end of off-peak electricity time. In the daily power generation mode, the cold energy and the heat energy stored in the fluid storages E and F are combined for power generation. The night energy storage mode and the daytime power generation mode repeatedly replace each other.

[00128] 1. Information about the night power storage mode

[00129] The occurrence of waste heat is considered a widespread phenomenon, while in some cases it is not utilized. For example, in the case of air conditioner cooling, when there is a demand for space cooling in summer, the outdoor units of the air conditioners dissipate a lot of heat as allowable waste heat. In contrast, according to the present invention, heat is not discarded, but is stored by means of a heat pump in a large fluid reservoir F using water as a carrier, and then - during the daytime - is used to heat a pressurized working medium (for example, liquid ammonia or freon) of the steam generator D to generate high-pressure steam, which, in turn, drives the pneumatic motor, due to which the waste heat is utilized and the heating efficiency is reached up to 3 inclusive.

[00130] On the other hand, for example, in the case of heating by an air conditioner, when there is a need for space heating in winter, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner generates a large amount of cold energy, which is considered to be an allowable waste energy. According to the present invention, the cold energy is not discharged, but stored in a large fluid storage E using salt water as a carrier, and then, in the daytime, is used to carry out the condensation of the exhaust steam of the air motor J, while the cold energy storage CV is 2 .

[00131] Thus, it is common to use either thermal energy or cold energy instead of using both thermal energy and cold energy. The present invention is characterized by the combined use of both heat and cold to achieve a high CP.

[00132] 2. Details of the daily power generation mode

[00133] In conventional thermal power generation, there is a need to condense the exhaust steam resulting from the expansion work of high temperature and high pressure steam into a liquid, which dissipates a large amount of condensation heat equivalent to the heat of vaporization (i.e. latent heat) of the corresponding amount of water, without further disposal in the power generation system, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the power generation system as a whole, for example, the efficiency of a supercritical power generator set is no more than 45%. At the same time, according to the present invention, after the high-pressure gaseous working substance (for example, gaseous ammonia or freon) of the pneumatic motor performs expansion work in the pneumatic motor, the generated exhaust steam is transferred to the condenser C, while, unlike the prototypes, absorption is carried out a large amount of dissipated heat of condensation, its accumulation by means of ice water from the reservoir E of the fluid without discharge, as well as its absorption in the evaporator A and disposal at night. Thus, the present invention provides for the accumulation and utilization of the heat of condensation of the working substance of the pneumatic motor. In addition, the pressure at the outlet of the air motor is greatly reduced by the ice water from the liquid storage tank E, resulting in an increase in the pressure difference between the working medium inlet and the working medium outlet of the air motor, and, as a result, the power of the air motor and power generation.

[00134] In the exemplary implementation, when the heat pump I is operating on off-peak electricity, the working medium (i.e., the refrigerant) in the channel of the casing of the shell-and-tube evaporator A boils and turns into steam, while its temperature drops, and absorbs heat from warm water 1 in the channel of the tube part of the evaporator A, thereby transferring the generated cold energy to the warm water 1 and converting the warm water 1 back into -12°C ice water stored in the fluid storage tank E. Heat pump compressor I compresses the vapor refrigerant from evaporator A to condenser B, where it condenses to form a liquid refrigerant and dissipates heat, and re-enters evaporator A through line 2, thus completing one refrigeration cycle. The condensation heat dissipated in the condenser B is transferred to the low-temperature water 3 in the channel of the condenser B pipe part, as a result of which the temperature of the low-temperature water 3 rises to 75°C, after which it is accumulated in the fluid storage F for later use, thereby realizing the mode night energy storage.

[00135] For example, after 8:00 a.m., water pump 4 starts to move high temperature water from fluid reservoir F to steam generator D, where the high temperature water heats liquid ammonia in the casing passage of steam generator D to form high-pressure ammonia vapor entering air motor J through conduit 5 to perform expansion work and thereby enable the air motor to drive a power generator to generate electricity.

[00136] The resulting exhaust steam from air motor J flows to condenser C through conduit 6, where it condenses to dissipate heat and simultaneously heats -12°C low temperature salt water from fluid storage E to 0°C to 12°C. °C, after which the heated salt water is stored in the fluid reservoir G for use at night, and the pressure at the outlet of the air motor J drops, thereby increasing the pressure difference between the working medium inlet and the working medium outlet of the air motor, and increasing the power generation. In this case, the liquid ammonia in the condenser C is transferred back to the steam generator D, thereby completing one working cycle and realizing the daily power generation mode.

[00137] The proposed distributed power conversion system may find use in, for example, wind and solar energy storage, off-peak electricity storage, and thermal energy generation, but the present invention is not limited to these.

[00138] In the embodiments of the distributed energy conversion method and system disclosed above, the heat pump working substance exchanges heat with the pneumatic motor working substance indirectly, i.e. through the first circulation circuit and the carrier contained therein, as well as the second circulation circuit and the carrier contained therein. However, the inventor of the present invention has found that in some situations this energy carrier may not be used, and therefore the distributed power conversion method and system disclosed above in conjunction with FIG. 1 to 3 may not contain energy storage areas, i. e. the first circulation circuit and/or the second circulation circuit, wherein the heat pump working medium directly exchanges heat with the pneumatic motor working medium, thereby forming a modified energy conversion method and system with the possibility of real-time amplification of the input energy and its output, which will be described in detail below together with Fig. 4 and 5, in which position numbers similar to those in FIG. 1 and 2 designate parts with functions similar to those of the parts in FIG. 1 and 2, which will not be re-disclosed in detail below.

[00139] In Fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a power conversion system according to a modified embodiment of the invention, shows that the power conversion system may include a heat pump I, an air motor J, evaporative condensers K and L, wherein the heat pump I is fluidly connected to both evaporative condensers K and L through pipelines, while the evaporative condensers K and L are fluidly connected through the pipeline 30, whereby the heat pump fluid I can circulate through the evaporative condensers K and L and the pipeline 30. In addition, the air motor J is fluidly connected environment with both evaporative condensers K and L through pipelines, while the evaporative condensers K and L, in turn, are connected in fluid through the pipeline 40, so that the pressurized working medium of the air motor J can circulate through the evaporative condensers K and L and the pipeline 40 .

[00140] The heat pump fluid I is used to absorb heat from the discharged pressurized gaseous working fluid of the air motor J, which causes the latter to condense to form a pressurized liquid working fluid, which is transferred as the input pressure fluid of the air motor J.

[00141] The heat pump I is configured to compress its working medium after absorbing heat to further increase the temperature of the working medium, which is then used to heat and vaporize the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J in the evaporative condenser L as a pressure working gaseous working medium, resulting in actuation of the air motor J, followed by the exit of the air motor J as the discharge pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor J.

[00142] The heat pump fluid I, at a temperature reduced due to its heating of the pressure fluid of the air motor J in the evaporative condenser L, is transferred to the evaporator condenser K to again absorb heat from the discharged pressure fluid of the air motor J, as a result, the working substance of the heat pump I repeatedly undergoes the above processes of heat absorption, increase in its temperature and decrease in its temperature.

[00143] For example, the heat pump fluid I can flow through the channel of the tube part of the evaporative condenser K and turn into steam after absorbing heat from the pressure working fluid of the pneumatic motor J flowing through the channel of the evaporative condenser casing K, while simultaneously condensing the discharged gaseous pressure working fluid of the air motor J flowing through the channel of the evaporative condenser casing K after dissipating heat.

[00144] For example, the condensation of the compressed working medium of the heat pump I occurs after the heat is dissipated by flowing through the channel of the pipe part of the evaporative condenser L, and the supplied pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J passes into steam after absorbing heat in the channel of the evaporative condenser casing L.

[00145] The power conversion system of the above modified embodiment may further include a fluid storage tank 14 located lower than the evaporative condenser K, fluidly connected to the evaporative condenser K through a valve 13, and fluidly connected to the evaporative condenser L through valve 18.

[00146] Fluid reservoir 14 and associated valves operate in the same manner as the embodiments disclosed above. For example, during operation of the system, if the valve 13 is in the open state and the valve 18 is in the closed state, the evaporative condenser K is connected to the accumulator 14, at that time fluidly disconnected from the evaporative condenser L, as a result of which the pressurized liquid working medium , obtained as a result of condensation in the evaporative condenser K, flows into the accumulator 14 and causes the liquid level of the pressurized liquid working medium in the accumulator 14 to rise. , and the valve 18 is moved to the open state to disconnect the fluid accumulator 14 from the evaporative condenser K and connect the fluid accumulator 14 to the evaporative condenser L to pass the pressurized liquid working substance obtained as a result of condensation and accumulated in the accumulator 14 back into the evaporative conde nsator L.

[00147] In this case, when the liquid level in the accumulator 14 falls below a predetermined second threshold, the valve 13 is moved to the open state, and the valve 18 is transferred to the closed state to disconnect the fluid accumulator 14 from the evaporative condenser L and reconnect the accumulator 14 through fluid with the evaporative condenser K to pass the flow of pressurized working fluid resulting from condensation in the evaporative condenser K into the accumulator 14. In this case, the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold.

[00148] To further utilize the energy in the system, the storage fluid 14 may also be fluidly connected to the evaporative condenser K through a different pipeline than the pipeline where the valve 13 is located, the valve 12 and the additional air motor 11', connected in series are located along this other pipeline. In this case, the accumulator 14 can also be fluidly connected to the evaporative condenser L through another pipeline, different from the pipeline where the valve 18 is located, while the valve 16 and the gas accumulator 17, connected in series, are located along this other pipeline, and the accumulator 17 gas is connected between the evaporative condenser L and the valve 16 and is configured to separate the pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor J coming from the evaporative condenser L from the pressure liquid working medium of the pneumatic motor J contained in the pressure gaseous working medium, and with the possibility of temporarily accumulating the pressure gaseous working medium, if necessary. Instead of the gas accumulator 17, it is possible to use any other device with the function of separating liquid from gas. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the necessary liquid-gas separation device may be located along the conduit 5 to separate the pressurized gaseous working medium of the air motor J coming from the evaporative condenser L from the pressurized liquid working medium coming from the evaporative condenser L , before the pressurized working fluid is transferred to the air motor J. It should be understood that, instead of the conduit 5, a conduit leading from the gas accumulator 17 can be connected to the pressure working fluid inlet of the air motor J, in order to allow sharing a gas accumulator 17 for separating liquid from gas without an additional device for separating liquid from gas.

[00149] If, during operation of the system, the liquid level in the reservoir 14 of the liquid working substance becomes higher than a predetermined first threshold, the valve 12 is moved from open to closed, and the valve 16 is transferred from the closed to the open state, while if the liquid level in the reservoir 14 falls below a predetermined second threshold, valve 12 is moved from closed to open, and valve 16 is moved from open to closed, whereby the pressure difference between storage tank 14 and that inside evaporative condenser K can drive an additional air motor 11'. When the pressure in the accumulator 14 comes into equilibrium with the pressure inside the evaporative condenser K, the valve 13 is moved from closed to open.

[00150] In the above modified embodiment, valves 13 and 18 may be check valves, and valves 12 and 16 may be electric valves.

[00151] In FIG. 6 shows that the system of the above modified embodiment may further include an additional heat pump 26 driven by an additional air motor 11', wherein the heat pump 26 extracts and compresses at least a portion of the heat pump fluid I from the evaporative condenser K for increase in temperature of said part of the working medium, wherein said part of the working medium, thus elevated in temperature, in connection with the working medium compressed and heated by the heat pump I, flows into the evaporative condenser L. When the additional pneumatic motor 11' drives the additional heat pump 26, the energy given off by the additional air motor 11' can be fully utilized; in addition, the extraction of a certain amount of the working medium of the heat pump I from the evaporative condenser K by the additional heat pump 26 makes it possible to further reduce the temperature of the discharged gaseous pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J flowing into the evaporative condenser K, while the additional heat pump 26 compresses the extracted working medium, thereby thereby raising its temperature and, as a result, further increasing the heat transfer to the evaporative condenser L, which means an additional increase in the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor J and, thereby, an additional increase in the power of the air motor J, due to the use additional heat pump 26 and evaporative condensers K and L.

[00152] In yet another variation of the embodiment, the system may further comprise a fluid reservoir 27 as shown in FIG. 6 showing a schematic diagram of a power conversion system according to another modified embodiment of the invention. In this case, the fluid storage tank 14 is a shell-and-tube fluid storage tank with the possibility of heat exchange between two working fluids, while the pressurized liquid and gaseous working fluid of the pneumatic motor J can flow through the channel of the casing of the shell-and-tube fluid storage tank. The working medium withdrawn from the additional heat pump 26 and/or heat pump I heats the liquid (for example, water) in the liquid storage tank 27, and the heated liquid from the liquid storage tank 27 is transferred to the channel of the tubular part of the shell-and-tube liquid storage tank to heat the pressurized liquid working medium in channel of the casing of the shell-and-tube liquid accumulator before moving the pressure liquid working substance into the evaporative condenser L.

[00153] If the temperature of the pressure liquid working fluid in the fluid storage tank 14 is different from the temperature of the pressure liquid and/or gaseous working fluid in the evaporative condenser L, moving the pressure liquid working fluid from storage tank 14 to the evaporative condenser L may affect the pressure stability of the pressure gaseous working fluid transferred from the evaporative condenser L to the air motor J and, as a result, the stability of the power output of the air motor J. Therefore, the present inventor came to mind the solution disclosed above, which involves preheating the pressurized liquid working medium in the accumulator 14 in order to reduce or eliminate the influence of the pressurized liquid working medium flowing into the evaporative condenser L on the temperature of the pressurized working medium in the evaporative condenser L and thereby improve the pressure stability of the supplied pressurized gaseous working medium air motor J.

[00154] The above solutions are detailed below as examples. For example, when the liquid level of the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor in the accumulator 14 of the liquid working medium (in this example, which is a shell-and-tube fluid accumulator or any other device with the possibility of heat exchange between different media) becomes higher than a predetermined upper threshold liquid level 19, before the storage tank 14 is in fluid communication with the evaporative condenser L, the pump 24, which is in fluid communication with the liquid storage tank 27, is started to move the heated liquid from the liquid storage tank 27 into the channel of the tubular part of the storage tank 14 to heat the pressurized liquid working medium (for example, liquid CO ₂ at a temperature of 0°C) of the pneumatic motor in the channel of the accumulator housing 14, for example, up to a temperature of 30°C and a pressure of 72 kg/cm ² . When the predetermined temperature or pressure (determined by the temperature or pressure sensor 25) of the pressurized liquid working medium in the accumulator 14 is reached, the pump 24 is stopped and the flow of the pressurized liquid working substance is passed from the accumulator 14 to the evaporative condenser L, while the valves 16 and 18 open, and valves 12 and 13 are closed to disconnect the fluid accumulator 14 from the evaporative condenser K and the fluid connection to the evaporative condenser L, whereby the heated pressurized liquid working medium (i.e. liquid CO ₂ ) from the accumulator 14 automatically flows into the evaporative capacitor L by gravity. Thus, the similarity or homogeneity of the temperatures of the pressurized liquid working medium in the accumulator 14 and the evaporative condenser L provides the advantage of being able to maintain a stable vapor pressure generated by the evaporative condenser L without small fluctuations, and thereby maintain a stable speed of the air motor and, as a consequence, the output voltage and current of the power generator driven by the pneumatic motor. When the liquid level of the pressurized working medium in the accumulator 14 falls below the predetermined lower liquid threshold 20, the valves 16 and 18 are closed, at which time the pressure in the accumulator 14 is equal to the pressure in the evaporative condenser L and is significantly higher than the pressure in the evaporative condenser K. Therefore, when valve 12 is opened, pressurized working fluid gas (for example, high-pressure gaseous CO ₂ ) remaining in accumulator 14 flows into and rotates auxiliary air motor 11', starting operation of auxiliary heat pump 26 extracting the working gas of the heat pump I from the channel of the tube part of the evaporative condenser K for additional cooling of the pressurized working medium of the pneumatic motor J in the channel of the casing of the evaporative condenser K.

[00155] In another variation of the embodiment of the invention, the power conversion method shown in FIG. 5 and consisting of the following.

[00156] The heat pump fluid I absorbs heat from the discharged gaseous pressure fluid of the air motor J, whereby it is condensed to form a pressure liquid fluid, which is transferred as the input pressure fluid of the air motor J. In this case, the absorption The heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor J by means of the working medium of the heat pump I can be realized by direct heat exchange between the two said working substances in the heat exchanger, or indirectly, when the working medium of the heat pump I absorbs heat from another substance through the heat exchanger, and the specified the other substance absorbs heat from the exhaust pressure gaseous working medium of the air motor J through another heat exchanger, and the invention is not limited to this method.

[00157] The heat-absorbed working fluid is compressed by the heat pump I, thereby raising its temperature, and then used to heat and vaporize the input pressure working fluid of the air motor J as the pressure gaseous working fluid driving the air motor J and coming out of the air motor J as the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor J. Similarly, the heating of the input pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J by said working medium at an increased temperature of the heat pump I can be realized by direct heat exchange between the two said working mediums in a heat exchanger, or indirectly, when the working medium with an increased temperature of the heat pump I heats another medium through one heat exchanger, and the specified other medium heats the supplied pressure working medium n eumatic motor J through another heat exchanger, and the invention is not limited to this method.

[00158] The working medium of the heat pump I, cooled by heating the supplied pressure working medium, is moved to again absorb heat from the discharged pressure gaseous working medium of the pneumatic motor J, as a result of which the working medium of the heat pump I repeatedly undergoes heat absorption processes, rise and fall of its temperature.

[00159] According to the above method, the heat pump fluid I repeatedly goes through the processes of absorbing heat, raising and lowering its temperature, while the pressure fluid of the air motor J repeatedly goes through the processes of dissipating heat and condensing, absorbing heat and turning into steam, and reducing it temperature by doing work.

[00160] In Fig. 4 shows that the absorption of heat from the discharged gaseous pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J and its condensation by means of the working medium of the heat pump I can be realized in the evaporative condenser K. condenser K, while heat dissipation and condensation of the outgoing gaseous pressure medium of the air motor J can occur by flowing in the duct of the evaporative condenser K shell. take place in the evaporative condenser L, and the heat dissipation and condensation of the compressed working medium of the heat pump I occurs when the pipe part of the evaporative condenser L flows through the channel, while the supplied n the compressed working medium of the pneumatic motor J absorbs heat and turns into steam in the channel of the evaporative condenser shell L. Of course, the invention is not limited to the above and each of the substances can flow in another way from the channel of the tube part and the channel of the evaporative condenser shell K, respectively, provided that heat exchange is possible between these substances.

[00161] The process for moving the pressure fluid as the pressure fluid input of the air motor J is similar to that disclosed with FIG. 1 - 3 and henceforth will be described only in general terms.

[00162] Before conveying the pressure fluid as the input pressure fluid of the air motor J, the power conversion method may further include:

[00163] fluidly connect the evaporative condenser K to the liquid working fluid storage tank 14 while leaving the storage tank 14 fluidly disconnected from the evaporating condenser L, to pass the flow of pressurized liquid working fluid resulting from condensation in the evaporative condenser K to the storage tank 14 ;

[00164] When the liquid level in the liquid working fluid reservoir 14 rises above a predetermined first threshold, the reservoir 14 is fluidly disconnected from the evaporative condenser K and the reservoir 14 is fluidly connected to the evaporative condenser L to pass the pressure fluid resulting from said condensation. substances from the accumulator 14 back to the second evaporative condenser L; and

[00165] When the liquid level in the liquid working medium accumulator 14 falls below a predetermined second threshold, the accumulator 14 is fluidly disconnected from the evaporative condenser L and the accumulator 14 is reconnected in fluid medium to the evaporative condenser K to pass the flow resulting from said condensation of the pressure head liquid working substance from the evaporative condenser K to the accumulator 14, and the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold.

[00166] To further utilize the energy in the system, the energy conversion method may further include the steps of: when the storage fluid 14 is re-connected in fluid with the evaporative condenser K, due to the pressure difference within the storage fluid 14 and inside the evaporative condenser K, an additional air motor 11' is driven.

[00167] In order to further recycle the waste heat generated during the power generation process of the air motor, in the above two modified embodiments of the power conversion system and method, the air motor J is connected to the power generator and drives it, while at least part of the working The reduced temperature heat pump fluid I coming from the evaporative condenser L is used to cool the power generator connected to the pneumatic motor J, and then transfer this part of the working fluid back to the evaporative condenser K, thus recirculating the heat generated as a result of movement power generator.

[00168] In the method, as in the system disclosed above in conjunction with FIG. 6, it is also possible to use the pressure difference between the working medium inlet and the working medium outlet of the air motor J, and preheat the pressurized liquid working medium of the air motor stored in the liquid working medium accumulator 14 . A brief description is given below in conjunction with FIG. 6.

[00169] According to the method of FIG. 6, an additional heat pump 26 is introduced, driven by an additional pneumatic motor 11', to extract from the evaporative condenser K at least part of the working medium of the heat pump I and compress it to raise its temperature, after which the said part of the working medium, with the thus elevated temperature, in connection with the working medium, compressed and heated by the heat pump I, flows into the evaporative condenser L.

[00170] In yet another modified embodiment, the method shown in FIG. 6 may also include a liquid reservoir 27. In this case, the fluid storage tank 14 is a shell-and-tube fluid storage tank capable of heat exchange between the two working fluids, while the pressurized liquid and gaseous working fluid of the air motor J can flow through the channel of the casing of the shell-and-tube fluid storage tank. The working medium exiting the additional heat pump 26 and/or heat pump I heats the liquid in the liquid storage tank 27, and the heated liquid from the liquid storage tank 27 is transferred to the channel of the tubular part of the shell-and-tube liquid storage tank to heat the pressurized liquid working medium in the channel of the casing of the shell-and-tube liquid storage tank before transferring the pressurized liquid working medium to the evaporative condenser L.

[00171] In particular, when the fluid level of the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor in the accumulator 14 becomes higher than the predetermined upper threshold liquid level 19, before the accumulator 14 is in fluid communication with the evaporative condenser L, the fluidized pump 24 is started. medium with a fluid reservoir 27, to move the heated fluid from the fluid reservoir 27 into the channel of the tubular part of the reservoir 14 to heat the pressurized liquid working medium (for example, liquid CO ₂ at a temperature of 0°C) of the pneumatic motor in the channel of the reservoir housing 14, for example, to a temperature of 30 ° C and pressure 72 kg / cm ² . When the predetermined temperature or pressure (determined by the temperature or pressure sensor 25) of the pressurized liquid working medium in the accumulator 14 is reached, the pump 24 is stopped and the flow of the pressurized liquid working substance from the accumulator 14 to the evaporative condenser L is passed, i.e. valves 16 and 18 open, and valves 12 and 13 are closed to disconnect the fluid accumulator 14 from the evaporative condenser K and connect the fluid accumulator 14 to the evaporative condenser L, whereby the heated pressurized liquid working medium (i.e. liquid CO ₂ ) from the accumulator 14 automatically flows into the evaporative condenser L by gravity. Thus, the similarity or homogeneity of the temperatures of the pressurized liquid working medium in the accumulator 14 and the evaporative condenser L provides the advantage of being able to maintain a stable vapor pressure generated by the evaporative condenser L without small fluctuations, and thereby maintain a stable speed of the air motor and, as a consequence, the output voltage and current of the power generator driven by the pneumatic motor. When the liquid level of the pressurized working medium in the accumulator 14 falls below the predetermined lower liquid threshold 20, the valves 16 and 18 are closed, at which time the pressure in the accumulator 14 is equal to the pressure in the evaporative condenser L and is significantly higher than the pressure in the evaporative condenser K. Therefore, when valve 12 is opened, pressurized working fluid gas (for example, high-pressure gaseous CO ₂ ) remaining in accumulator 14 flows into and rotates auxiliary air motor 11', starting operation of auxiliary heat pump 26 extracting the working gas of the heat pump I from the channel of the tube part of the evaporative condenser K for additional cooling of the pressurized working medium of the pneumatic motor J in the channel of the casing of the evaporative condenser K.

[00172] In the above two modified embodiments of the power conversion system and method, the evaporative condensers K and L and/or the fluid storage tank 14 may be thermally insulated. Various components and piping of the system as a whole are thermally insulated according to actual needs. In addition, ammonia NH ₃ can be taken as the working medium of the heat pump I, and carbon dioxide CO ₂ as the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J.

[00173] For example, in the above modified embodiments of the energy conversion system and method, the temperature and pressure can be controlled so that the temperature and pressure of the ammonia at the inlet of the working medium of the heat pump I are, for example, 0° C. and 3.38 kg/cm ² , respectively , and/or the temperature and pressure of ammonia at the outlet of the working medium of the heat pump I were 40°C and 14.8 kg/cm ² respectively, and/or the temperature and pressure of CO ₂ at the inlet of the pressure working medium of the pneumatic motor J were 40°C and 96 kg/cm ² , respectively, and/or the temperature and pressure of the CO ₂ at the outlet of the compressed air motor J were 0° C. to 35 kg/cm ² , respectively. The above values are given by way of example only, and those skilled in the art will understand that the temperature and pressure of the working medium at different locations can be adjusted depending on various parameters of parts of the system, for example, the heat pump CP I (including the CP for cooling and heating), heat pump fluid I, air motor gearbox J, pressure air motor fluid J and evaporative condenser heat exchange efficiency, to enable overall stable and stable operation of the energy conversion system. Under conditions with the above media temperatures and pressures, the heat pump I COP can be as high as 5.76, for example when its heating COP is 3.36 and its cooling COP is 2.4.

[00174] For example, when a heat pump I receiving mains input drives a connected compressor, liquid ammonia is withdrawn from the duct of the evaporative condenser tube K and converted to vapor, thereby achieving a refrigeration CP of 2.4, while due to the generated cold energy, gaseous CO ₂ is condensed in the channel of the casing of the evaporative condenser K, while the heat dissipated during condensation of CO ₂ is absorbed by ammonia, which makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the evaporative condenser K as a whole in a stable range and maintain a balanced absorption of heat (NH ₃ ) and balanced heat dissipation (CO ₂ ).

[00175] During cooling by the compressor of heat pump I, the ammonia gas of the compressor is compressed, after which the ammonia flows into the channel of the tube part of the evaporative condenser L and dissipates heat, allowing a COP of 3.36 to be reached in heating, while the dissipated heat is used to heat liquid CO ₂ in the channel of the evaporative condenser casing L, that is, the liquefaction of ammonia occurs simultaneously with the transition to steam and the expansion of CO ₂ , and the high-pressure gaseous CO ₂ thus obtained enters the pneumatic motor J, where it is expanded to perform work that drives the power generator, connected to the air motor J, to generate electricity. If the overall efficiency of the pneumatic motor in terms of power generation is 35%, then the achieved CP is (3.36+2.4)*35%=2, that is, the efficiency of the system as a whole in terms of power generation can be significantly improved compared to the prototypes.

[00176] It follows from the foregoing that the modified embodiments of the power conversion system and method disclosed above provide the following advantages.

[00177] 1. The heat pump working fluid closed circulation system directly exchanges heat with the pneumatic motor closed circulation system, while the thermal energy and cold energy generated in the system are combined to maintain the temperature equilibrium between the evaporative condensers K and L; in addition, increasing the pressure at the inlet of the working medium of the air motor and reducing the pressure at the outlet of the working medium of the air motor can increase the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, and thereby increase the power of the air motor and, as a result, the efficiency of power generation.

[00178] 2. All devices, pipelines and valves in the system as a whole can be thermally insulated, so that the operation of the system will not be affected by the temperature of the external environment.

[00179] 3. Due to the small number of electrical devices other than electric valves (eg, solenoid valves) 12 and 16 in the system, energy consumption is reduced compared to a thermal power plant consuming 10-20% of the generated energy.

[00180] 4. The additional heat pump 26 further increases the pressure difference between the working medium inlet and the working medium outlet of the air motor J.

[00181] 5. The preheating of the pressurized fluid fluid of the air motor stored in the fluid reservoir 14 contributes to the stability of the power output of the air motor J.

[00182] In the present description, many characteristics are given. It should be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without them. Some embodiments do not contain a detailed description of well-known solutions, structures and techniques, so as not to obscure the understanding of the present description.

[00183] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that device modules in any embodiment may be suitably modified and placed in one or more of the devices in this embodiment. Several modules in an embodiment may be combined into one module, or block, or component, while any module may be divided into several modules, or blocks, or components. All features, and therefore any method, process, or apparatus unit disclosed herein, may be combined in any manner provided that there is no conflict between at least some of the features and/or processes or modules. Unless specifically stated otherwise, each of the features disclosed in the present description (including the appended claims, abstract and drawings) can be replaced by a feature of the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[00184] It is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed above are illustrative but not limiting of the present invention, and alternative embodiments may be contemplated by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (72)

1. The method of energy conversion, which includes the steps in which: heat is absorbed from the first fluid circulating in the first circulation circuit by means of the working medium of the heat pump (I), as a result of which the first fluid is cooled, compressing the working substance with the absorbed heat by means of the heat pump (I) to further increase the temperature of the working substance and heating the second fluid medium circulating in the second circulation circuit by said working substance with an increased temperature; displacing the heated second fluid to heat and vaporize the pressure working medium of the steam engine (J) to form a pressure steam of the working substance to drive the steam engine (J), reheat the second fluid, the temperature of which has dropped due to its heating the inlet steam motor pressure fluid by means of the heat pump fluid (I), and reheating the incoming steam motor pressure fluid (J) by the newly heated second fluid, resulting in repeated heating and cooling of the second fluid; and displacing the cooled first fluid to condense the discharged pressure steam of the steam engine working medium (J) and again absorbing heat from and thereby cooling the first fluid, the temperature of which has increased due to condensation by means of the discharged pressure vapor of the working substance of the steam engine (J) , by means of the working medium of the heat pump (I), in order to again condense the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J) by means of the newly heated first fluid, resulting in repeated cooling and heating of the first fluid. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which: at the stage in which heat is absorbed from the first fluid circulating in the first circulation circuit by means of the working medium of the heat pump (I), as a result of which the first fluid is cooled: heat is absorbed from and thereby the first fluid is cooled from the first a fluid accumulator (G) by means of the heat pump working medium (I) and move the cooled first fluid into the second fluid accumulator (E); at the stage at which the working medium with absorbed heat is compressed by means of a heat pump (I) to further increase the temperature of the working medium and the second fluid medium circulating in the second circulation circuit is heated by means of the working medium: the working medium is compressed with absorbed heat by means of a heat pump ( I) to further increase the temperature of the working substance to heat the second fluid from the third store (H) fluid and move the heated second fluid to the fourth store (F) fluid; at the stage at which the heated second fluid is moved to heat and convert the input pressure working substance of the steam engine (J) into steam with the formation of pressure steam of the working substance to drive the steam engine (J): the heated second fluid is moved from the fourth accumulator ( F) a fluid for heating and steaming the steam engine pressure input (J) to form steam for driving the steam engine (J) and moving the second fluid after heating the steam engine pressure input back to the third accumulator (H) fluid; and at the stage at which the cooled first fluid is transferred to condense the discharged pressure steam of the working substance of the steam engine (J): the cooled first fluid is transferred from the second accumulator (E) of the fluid to condense the discharged pressure vapor of the working substance of the steam engine (J) and returned a first fluid after said condensation into a first fluid reservoir (G). 3. The method according to claim 2, in which: at the stage at which the cooled first fluid is moved from the second fluid storage (E) to condense the discharged pressure steam of the working substance of the steam engine (J): the cooled first fluid is transferred from the second fluid storage (E) through the first condenser (C) for condensing the discharged pressure steam of the steam engine working medium (J) flowing into the first condenser (C) to form a liquid pressure steam engine working medium, which is returned to the steam generator (D) as an input pressure working medium of the steam engine (J); and the heated second fluid from the fourth fluid reservoir (F), while flowing through the steam generator (D), is used to heat and vaporize the pressure working medium input of the steam motor (J) in the steam generator (D) to form working medium pressure steam for driving in action of the steam engine (J); at the stage in which heat is absorbed from and thereby cooled the first fluid from the first fluid storage medium (G) by means of the heat pump working medium (I): cause the heat pump working medium (I) to flow through the evaporator (A) and absorb heat from the first fluid flowing into the evaporator (A) from the first accumulator (G) of the fluid, resulting in the conversion of the working medium of the heat pump (I) into steam and cooling of the first fluid; and wherein the compressed heat pump fluid (I) flows into the second condenser (B) to heat the second fluid flowing into the second condenser (B) from the third fluid reservoir (H), whereby the heat pump fluid (I) condenses followed by transfer back to the evaporator (A). 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein before transferring the resulting steam motor pressure liquid working fluid from said condensation back to the steam generator (D) as an input steam motor pressure fluid (J), the method further includes the steps of, where: the first condenser (C) is fluidly connected to the storage tank (14) of the liquid working substance of the steam engine, while leaving the storage tank (14) of the liquid working substance separated by fluid from the steam generator (D), to pass the flow of the liquid pressure working fluid obtained as a result of said condensation steam engine substance into the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, and when the liquid level in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance becomes higher than the predetermined first threshold, the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is separated by fluid from the first condenser (C) and the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is connected by fluid to the steam generator ( D) to enable the return of the pressurized liquid working substance of the steam engine from the storage tank (14) of the liquid working substance to the steam generator (D). 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising the steps of: when the liquid level in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance becomes lower than the predetermined second threshold, the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is separated by fluid from the steam generator (D) and the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is connected by fluid to the first condenser ( C) for passing the flow of the liquid pressure working substance of the steam engine obtained as a result of said condensation into the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, and the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold. 6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of: when the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is again connected in fluid medium with the first capacitor (C), the steam generator (11) is driven to generate electricity due to pressure differences within the fluid storage tank (14) and inside the first condenser (C), the generated electricity being preferably used to assist in heating the second fluid in the fourth fluid storage tank (F). 7. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2-6, in which: the heat pump (I) includes an electric motor and a compressor driven by said motor, the method further comprising the steps of: water-cooling the motor with at least a portion of the second fluid from the third fluid accumulator (H) and moving said at least part of the second fluid after the said water cooling into the fourth accumulator (F) of the fluid, and/or the steam motor (J) is connected to and driven by the power generator, the method further comprising: water cooling the power generator with at least a portion of the second fluid from the third fluid storage (H) and displacing said at least a portion of the second fluid after said water cooling into a fourth fluid reservoir (F). 8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-7, in which: the first fluid is salt water, wherein the first fluid, heated by condensation of the exhaust pressure steam of the working fluid of the steam engine (J), preferably has a temperature of from 0°C to 20°C, more preferably from 0°C to 12° With or more preferably component 12°C; wherein the first fluid cooled by heat transfer to the working medium of the heat pump (I) preferably has a temperature of -20°C to 0°C, more preferably from -12°C to 0°C, or more preferably a component of -12° FROM; and/or the second fluid is fresh water, and the second fluid, cooled by heating the input pressure working medium of the steam engine, preferably has a temperature of from 30°C to 50°C, more preferably from 35°C to 45°C or more preferably component 40°C; wherein the second fluid heated by the heat pump working medium (I) preferably has a temperature of 90°C to 60°C, more preferably 80°C to 65°C, or more preferably 75°C; and/or the heat pump fluid (I) is CO ₂ and the steam engine pressurized fluid (J) is ammonia. 9. An energy conversion system comprising: a heat pump (I), a steam engine (J), a first circulation circuit through which a first fluid can circulate, and a second circulation circuit through which a second fluid can circulate, in which: the heat pump (I) is configured to absorb, through its working medium, heat from the first fluid so that the first fluid is cooled, and to compress the working medium with the heat thus absorbed to further increase the temperature of the working medium to heat the second fluid through the working substances; the heated second fluid can be used to heat and vaporise the steam engine pressure input (J) to form the steam engine drive pressure steam (J), wherein the second fluid whose temperature has dropped due to heating the steam motor pressure fluid input by it can be reheated by the heat pump fluid (I) to reheat the steam motor pressure fluid input (J), resulting in repeated heating and cooling of the second fluid; and the cooled first fluid can be used to condense the exhaust pressure steam of the steam engine working medium (J) and the heat pump working medium (I) can be used to reabsorb heat from the first fluid and thereby cool the first the fluid whose temperature has risen due to the condensation of the steam engine working medium (J) discharged by it, in order to condense again the steam engine working medium (J) discharged pressure vapor (J) by means of the newly heated first fluid, whereby repeated cooling and heating of the first fluid occurs. 10. The system of claim 9, further comprising a first fluid reservoir (G), a second fluid reservoir (E), a third fluid reservoir (H), and a fourth fluid reservoir (F), wherein the first and second reservoirs (G, E) the fluid medium is located along the first circulation circuit and is configured to accumulate the first fluid medium, and the third and fourth accumulators (H, F) of the fluid medium are located along the second circulation circuit and are configured to accumulate the second fluid medium, and: the first fluid accumulator (G) is configured to store the first fluid heated by condensation of the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J), wherein the heat pump (I) is also configured to absorb, through its working medium, heat from and thereby cooling the first fluid from the first fluid reservoir (G), and the second fluid reservoir (E) is configured to store the thus cooled first fluid; and the third fluid accumulator (H) is configured to store the second fluid cooled by heating the supplied pressure working medium of the steam engine (J), and the heat pump (I) is also configured to heat, by means of its working medium, the second fluid medium from a third fluid reservoir (H), wherein the fourth fluid reservoir (F) is configured to store the thus heated second fluid. 11. The system according to claim 10, further comprising a first condenser (C) and a steam generator (D), in which: the first condenser (C) is configured to use the cooled first fluid flowing through it from the second fluid accumulator (E) to condense the discharged pressurized steam of the working substance of the steam engine (J) flowing into the first condenser (C) to form a liquid a steam engine pressurized working medium returned to the steam generator (D) as an input steam motor pressurized working medium (J); and the steam generator (D) is configured to use the heated second fluid flowing through it from the fourth fluid storage tank (F) to heat and vaporize the steam motor (J) pressure working medium input in the steam generator (D) to form working pressure steam substances to drive the steam engine (J). 12. The system according to claim 10 or 11, further comprising an evaporator (A) and a second condenser (B), in which: the evaporator (A) is configured to use the heat pump working medium (I) flowing through it to absorb heat from the first fluid flowing into the evaporator (A) from the first fluid storage (G) so that the heat pump working medium (I) is converted ) into steam and cooling the first fluid; and the second condenser (B) is configured to use the compressed heat pump fluid (I) flowing through it to heat the second fluid flowing into the second condenser (B) from the third fluid reservoir (H) so that the heat pump fluid (I) was condensed and then moved back to the evaporator (A). 13. The system according to claim. 11 or 12, additionally containing the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, located lower than the first condenser (C), connected in fluid with the first condenser (C) through the first valve (13) and connected in fluid medium with steam generator (D) through the second valve (18), moreover, when the first valve (13) is open, the second valve (18) is closed, whereby the first condenser (C) is connected to the accumulator 14 of the liquid working substance, at this time fluidly disconnected from the steam generator (D), to pass the flow obtained by condensation of the pressurized liquid working substance of the steam engine into the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, and when the liquid level in the fluid reservoir (14) rises above a predetermined first threshold, the first valve (13) may be closed and the second valve (18) may be opened to disconnect the fluid reservoir (14) from the first a condenser (C) and connecting the storage fluid (14) with the steam generator (D) to enable the return of the pressurized liquid working fluid of the steam engine collected in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working agent to the steam generator (D). 14. The system according to claim 13, in which: when the liquid level in the liquid working medium accumulator (14) falls below a predetermined second threshold, the first valve (13) may be opened and the second valve (18) may be closed to disconnect the liquid working medium accumulator (14) from the steam generator (D) and reconnecting the accumulator (14) for fluid with the condenser (C) for passing the flow obtained by condensing the pressure liquid working substance of the vapor stream into the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, and the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold. 15. The system according to claim 14, in which: the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is also connected in fluid medium with the first condenser (C) through the third pipeline, different from the first pipeline, where the first valve (13) is located, while the third valve (12) and the steam generator (11) are connected in series, located along the third pipeline, the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is also connected in fluid medium with the steam generator (D) through the fourth pipeline, different from the second pipeline, where the second valve (18) is located, while the fourth valve (16) and the accumulator (17) of the steam are connected in series , are located along the fourth pipeline, and the steam accumulator (17) is connected between the steam generator (D) and the fourth valve (16) and is configured to accumulate pressure steam of the working substance obtained as a result of conversion into steam, when the liquid level in the reservoir (14) of the liquid working substance becomes higher than the predetermined first threshold, the third valve (12) can be switched from open to closed state, and the fourth valve (16) can be switched from closed to open state; at the same time, when the liquid level in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance becomes lower than the predetermined second threshold, the third valve (12) can be transferred from the closed to the open state, and the fourth valve (16) can be transferred from the open to the closed state, so that the pressure difference inside the storage tank (14) of the liquid working medium and inside the first condenser (C) drives the steam electric generator (11) to generate electricity, and the generated electricity can be preferably used to assist in heating the second fluid in the fourth storage tank (F) fluid medium, and when the pressure in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance comes into equilibrium with the pressure in the first condenser (C), the first valve (13) can be transferred from a closed to an open state. 16. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 10-15, in which: the heat pump (I) includes an electric motor and a compressor driven by said motor, wherein at least a portion of the second fluid from the third fluid reservoir (H) can be used to cool the motor with water and then return to the fourth reservoir (F ) fluid medium, and/or the steam motor (J) is connected to the power generator and can drive it, while at least part of the second fluid from the third fluid store (H) can be used to cool the power generator with water and then return to the fourth store (F) fluid. 17. The method of energy conversion, which includes the steps in which: heat is absorbed from the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J) by means of the working medium of the first heat pump (I), which leads to the condensation of the discharged vapor of the pressure working medium of the steam engine (J) with the formation of a pressure liquid working medium of the steam engine, which is transferred to as the supplied pressure working substance of the steam engine (J); by means of the first heat pump (I), its working medium is compressed with the absorbed heat to further increase the temperature of its working medium, in order to heat and turn into steam the supplied pressure working medium of the steam engine (J) with the formation of pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine a motor that is used to drive the steam engine (J) and then exit the steam engine (J) as a bleed pressure steam for the working medium of the steam engine (J); and moving the working medium of the first heat pump (I) with a temperature reduced due to the heating of the input pressure working medium of the steam engine in order to again absorb heat from the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam motor (J), as a result of which the working medium of the first heat pump (I) repeatedly goes through the processes of absorbing heat, raising its temperature, and decreasing its temperature. 18. The method according to claim 17, in which: the absorption of heat from the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J) by means of the working medium of the first heat pump (I), which leads to the condensation of the discharged pressure vapor of the working medium of the steam engine (J) with the formation of a pressure liquid working medium of the steam engine, is carried out in the first evaporator condenser (K), while the working medium of the first heat pump (I) preferably absorbs heat and passes into steam when flowing through the channel of the pipe part of the first evaporative condenser (K), while dissipating heat and condensing the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J ) occur when flowing through the channel of the casing of the first evaporative condenser (K); and/or the heating of the pressurized working medium of the steam engine (J) supplied by said working medium with an elevated temperature of the first heat pump (I) is carried out in the second evaporative condenser (L), while the dissipation of heat and the condensation of the compressed working medium of the first heat pump (I) preferably take place at flow through the channel of the pipe part of the second evaporative condenser (L), while the supplied pressure working substance of the steam engine (J) absorbs heat in the channel of the casing of the second evaporative condenser (L). 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, before transferring the steam engine pressure fluid as the steam engine pressure fluid input (J), the method further includes the steps of: the first evaporative condenser (K) is fluidly connected to the liquid working medium accumulator (14), while the accumulator (14) is fluidly disconnected from the second evaporative condenser (L), as a result of which the pressure liquid working substance obtained as a result of condensation in the first evaporative condenser (K), flows into the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, and when the liquid level in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance becomes higher than the predetermined first threshold, the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is separated by fluid from the first evaporative condenser (K) and the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is connected by fluid to the second an evaporative condenser (L) for passing the pressurized liquid working substance of the steam engine, obtained as a result of condensation and accumulated in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, back to the second evaporative condenser (L), when the liquid level in the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance becomes lower than the predetermined second threshold, the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is disconnected in fluid medium from the second evaporative condenser (L) and the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is again connected in fluid medium to by the first evaporative condenser (K) for passing the flow of pressurized liquid working substance of the steam engine, obtained as a result of condensation in the first evaporative condenser (K), into the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance, and the predetermined second threshold is lower than the predetermined first threshold, actuate the additional steam motor (11') due to the pressure difference inside the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance and inside the first evaporative condenser (K), when the accumulator (14) of the liquid working substance is again connected in fluid medium with the first evaporative condenser ( K). 20. An energy conversion system comprising: a heat pump (I), a steam motor (J), a first evaporative condenser (K) and a second evaporative condenser (L), wherein the heat pump (I) is fluidly connected to both the first and second evaporative condensers (K, L) through pipelines, wherein the first and second evaporative condensers (K, L) are fluidly connected through the first pipeline, whereby the operating the heat pump substance (I) can circulate through the first evaporative condenser (K), the first pipeline (30) and the second evaporative condenser (L); wherein the steam motor (J) is fluidly connected to both the first and second evaporative condensers (K, L) through pipelines, while the first and second evaporative condensers (K, L), in turn, are fluidly connected through a second conduit, whereby the pressure working medium of the steam engine (J) can circulate through the first evaporative condenser (K), the second conduit and the second evaporative condenser (L), moreover, the working medium of the heat pump (I) can be used to absorb heat from the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J), which leads to the condensation of the latter with the formation of a pressure liquid working medium of the steam engine, which is moved as the input pressure working medium of the steam engine ( J), the heat pump (I) is configured to compress its working medium after absorbing heat to increase the temperature of the working medium, which is then used to heat and convert the pressure working medium of the steam motor (J) supplied to steam in the second evaporative condenser (L) as the working pressure steam the substance that drives the steam engine (J), followed by the exit from the steam engine (J) as a discharge pressure steam of the working substance of the steam engine, wherein the heat pump working medium (I) with the temperature lowered due to its heating of the pressure working medium supplied to the steam engine (J) in the second evaporative condenser (L) can be transferred to the first evaporative condenser (K) in order to again carry out heat absorption from the discharged pressure steam of the working medium of the steam engine (J), as a result of which the working medium of the heat pump (I) can repeatedly undergo the processes of heat absorption, increase in its temperature and decrease in its temperature.

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