RU2775296C1 - Supply ventilation unit and air intake unit for it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in a supply ventilation unit for indoor installation. In the supply ventilation unit, which includes an air intake unit, which includes a casing made with the possibility of mounting on the outer surface of the building, pneumatically connected to the air inlet channel and the external environment through the inlet grille and the ability to accommodate a filtration unit, the volume of which is pneumatically connected to the volume of the air inlet channel through the area of ​​static pressure; the cross-sectional area of ​​the static pressure region near the filtration unit by a plane perpendicular to the direction of air movement is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet channel at the junction with the air intake unit; while the casing is made with the possibility of removing at least part of the filtration unit.

EFFECT: simplification of service.

14 cl, 14 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES

The technical solution relates to the field of room ventilation. More specifically, the technical solution relates to the arrangement of an air handling unit intended primarily for placement inside a ventilated space, with mounting on an indoor wall.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In some cases, supply ventilation for a dwelling cannot be installed on the facade of a building, as disclosed in patents RU 154823 (published on 09/10/2015) or RU 186712 (published on 01/30/2019). In these cases, supply ventilation units are used, in which the housing containing the elements of the supply ventilation unit (in particular, the fan and filters) is located inside the room.

From patent publication RU 2708105 dated 04.12.2019 (hereinafter referred to as D1), a ventilation unit is known, containing a housing made with the possibility of mounting indoors, an air inlet channel running through the side of the unit housing, in the installed position located along the wall of the room, and preferably - adjacent to the wall of the room, and the output channel. In this case, the known installation contains a filter configured to purify the air passing through the inlet channel. In this case, the installation includes a centrifugal fan of the "snail" type, the housing inlet of which is pneumatically connected to the air inlet channel. In the known solution, the coarse filter (D1, pos.5) is located inside the inlet air duct (D1, pos.2) connected to the air duct passing through the wall of the installation housing, in the installed position located along the wall of the room.

The solution known from D1 has a number of disadvantages, some of which are presented below:

1. The first disadvantage is the high complexity of maintenance of the installation, while the known method of simplifying it increases the level of noise generated by the installation.

The most frequently replaced part of the installation is the coarse filter (item 5 in D1). It requires replacement every 3-5 months. The charcoal and photocatalytic filters should be replaced every 2 years.

Air supply units for placement inside a ventilated room with mounting on a wall inside the room are usually arranged in such a way that all elements are located one after another along a common axis of air movement (air duct) in the direction from the street to the room perpendicular to the wall. This layout option is optimal for reducing the dimensions of the installation housing located indoors. The installation known from D1 was made in the same way.

The coarse filter (D1, pos.5) is located in the air channel passing through the wall and having an inlet on the facade of the building. That is, in order to replace the coarse filter from inside the room, it is necessary to sequentially remove all elements of the installation: a heating element, a fan, a decorative panel, an electronics unit, a carrier panel with a seat (Fig.2 on D1). This is an extremely time-consuming process, which actually involves the dismantling of the installation.

There are solutions that involve the implementation of the inner body of the installation hinged from the wall. However, this option requires (like solution D1) to install the fan attached to the case inside the case. In this case, the fan, in contact with the case during operation, makes noise indoors. To reduce the level of this noise, it is necessary to provide additional means of sound insulation and sound absorption, and this leads to an increase in the dimensions of the installation case.

There is also an option to replace the coarse filter by removing the inlet grate (D1, pos.19). The grille is connected by means of fasteners (bolts) (pos.28) to the air channel body (pos.2). In this case, for installation, it is necessary, being outside the room (and this is usually a multi-storey building), unscrew the fixing bolts, remove the grille and remove a sufficiently long filter in the direction perpendicular to the wall from it. After that, you need to insert a new filter and screw the grate back. Even when the unit is placed close to the window, these operations are quite difficult and dangerous. Replacing the filter with access from the outside of the room is possible either with the involvement of industrial climbers, or if the air duct passes in close proximity to the window or balcony, since the air filter, due to the need to increase its volume, has significantly increased in length (measured along the axis of the inlet duct).

2. The second disadvantage is that the maximum volume of the coarse filter is limited by the thickness of the wall and the diameter of the air channel (that is, the hole in the wall).

At the same time, with a small wall thickness, it is possible to increase the allowable volume of the filter only by expanding the hole. This negatively affects the appearance of the facade of the building.

3. When placing the coarse filter inside the air channel, it is necessary to make the filter in the form of a cone. This cone is in any case truncated: its smaller base contains an air-tight plug. This plug reduces the minimum cross-section of the air duct, increases the aerodynamic resistance of the duct and, as a result, reduces the performance of the installation and increases the noise generated by it.

The solutions known from D1 were adopted as the closest analogue of the present technical solution.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The task facing the developers of the disclosed technical solution was to improve the ease of maintenance of the supply ventilation unit for indoor placement.

The task in the first aspect of the present technical solution was solved by creating a supply ventilation unit, which includes

case with a fan, made with the possibility of mounting indoors;

air intake unit from the external environment;

an air inlet duct capable of being placed through a building wall while being pneumatically connected to the unit body and to the air intake unit;

characterized in that

the air intake unit includes a casing, made with the possibility of mounting on the outer surface of the building, being pneumatically connected to the inlet channel for air and the external environment through the inlet grille;

wherein

the casing is adapted to contain a filtration unit, the volume of which is pneumatically connected to the volume of the air inlet channel through the static pressure area;

the cross-sectional area of the static pressure region near the filtration unit by a plane perpendicular to the direction of air movement is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel at the junction with the air intake unit;

the casing is made with the possibility of removing at least part of the filtration unit.

The task in the second aspect of the present technical solution was solved by creating an air intake unit from the external environment for the supply ventilation unit, the case of which, containing the fan, is located inside the room,

including

the air intake unit includes a casing, made with the possibility of mounting on the outer surface of the building, being pneumatically connected to the inlet channel for air and the external environment through the inlet grille;

wherein

the casing is adapted to contain a filtration unit, the volume of which is pneumatically connected to the volume of the air inlet channel through the static pressure area;

the cross-sectional area of the static pressure region near the filtration unit by a plane perpendicular to the direction of air movement is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel at the junction with the air intake unit;

the casing is made with the possibility of removing at least part of the filtration unit.

The technical result achieved by the disclosed technical solution is to simplify maintenance. The simplification of maintenance is achieved mainly by reducing the number of operations for dismantling parts of the installation, reducing the requirement for technical means necessary for servicing the installation, and facilitating the operations themselves necessary for regular maintenance of the installation.

The specified technical result is achieved in the disclosed technical solution mainly due to the fact that the elements of the supply ventilation unit are located in it in such a way that for their replacement (unlike the solutions known in the prior art) it is not required to disconnect the fan, heating element, housing parts or other parts of the installation located indoors. Parts that require periodic replacement are located in the outdoor unit in such a way that their replacement is simply carried out by one person and does not require the use of special tools (for example, climbing equipment or a harness).

The description also contains separate embodiments of the disclosed technical solution, in which even the presence of a hand tool (screwdriver or the like) is not required to replace such parts, which further simplifies maintenance of the ventilation unit.

Hereinafter in the present description, the disclosed technical solution will be described in more detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying figures of the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the air intake assembly in one of the embodiments of the technical solution with a folded-down grille, a clamping bracket and a coarse filter.

2 is a perspective view of the air intake assembly in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the closed state.

3 is a front view of the air intake assembly in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the closed state.

4 is a vertical sectional view, along the direction of air movement, of an air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the closed state.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view along the direction of air movement of the air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille is disengaged from the casing and is ready for tilting.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view along the direction of air movement of an air intake assembly in one embodiment of the technical solution in a state where the inlet grille is folded out.

Fig. 7 is a front view of an air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in a state where the inlet grille is folded out.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view along the direction of air movement of the air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille and the clamping bracket are folded out.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille and the clamping bracket are folded out.

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view along the direction of air movement of the air intake unit in one embodiment of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille, clamping bracket and coarse filter are folded out.

Fig. 11 is a front view of the air intake assembly in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille, clamping bracket and coarse filter are folded out.

12 is a vertical sectional view along the direction of air movement of the air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille and clamping bracket, the coarse filter are removed.

Fig.13 is a front view of the air intake unit in one of the embodiments of the technical solution in the state when the inlet grille and clamping bracket, the coarse filter is removed.

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view along the direction of air flow of an air intake unit in an embodiment of the technical solution in which the filtration unit is configured to include a coarse filter, a carbon filter and a photocatalytic filter.

EMBODIMENTS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In accordance with the disclosed technical solution, the supply ventilation unit includes a case with a fan that can be installed indoors. At the same time, the air intake unit 1 from the external environment is designed to be installed outside the room so that it has the possibility of pneumatic communication with the external environment through the inlet grille 2. In some embodiments of the technical solution, the fan is connected to the housing or is made inside the housing in the same way as implemented in the solution known from D1. In some embodiments, the implementation of the fan can be installed on the wall of the room and connected to it, and the housing closes the fan without being connected to it directly, while the housing is connected to the wall. In this case, the case and the fan do not mechanically interact with each other through the connecting elements or directly, due to which the vibration of the operating fan is transmitted to the case to a much lesser extent. In the last embodiment of the technical solution, the installation transmits much less acoustic vibrations into the room.

The pneumatic connection of the supply ventilation unit with the external environment is carried out through the air inlet channel 3, which can be placed passing through the wall of the building, being pneumatically connected to the unit body and to the air intake unit 1. The channel in the preferred embodiments of the technical solution is at least partially formed duct running from the unit through the wall of the building to the outside. In the preferred embodiments of the technical solution, a through hole is made in the wall, in which the air duct is located, and the casing of the ventilation unit closes the hole from the side of the room, while outside the room the air duct is pneumatically connected to the external environment through the inlet grille.

In the figures of the drawings attached to the present description, the inlet channel 3 for air is indicated by a part of a straight circular duct. In various embodiments, the implementation of the channel may have a different cross-sectional shape, such as square or rectangular. In addition, the inlet channel 3 may not be made straight, passing essentially perpendicularly through the wall of the building, but curved. For example, the input channel 3 can be made not only passing directly to the surface of the facade of the building, but curved and facing the slope surface of the window opening.

When interpreting the terms used to express the essence of the disclosed technical solution, it must be understood that the signs "passing through the wall of the building to the outside" must be understood taking into account the meaning of the term "through": "Passing through, right through the inside of something from one edge to the other with access to the outside ”(Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940). In other words, the air inlet channel passes through the wall so that one of its ends is connected to the internal volume of the installation housing, and the other end goes out through the facade of the building or, for example, the slope of the window opening. However, in some embodiments, the implementation of the inlet channel 3 for air can be formed curved, for example in the form of a curved duct. These embodiments can be applied in cases where it is undesirable to install any elements of the ventilation unit on the surface of the facade itself, while it is possible to install them on other surfaces, for example, the surface of the slope of the window opening outside the window.

In accordance with the disclosed technical solution, the installation also includes an air intake unit 1 from the external environment. In this case, the air intake unit 1 includes a casing 4, made with the possibility of mounting on the outer surface of the building, being pneumatically connected to the inlet channel 3 for air and the external environment through the inlet grille 2.

In a preferred embodiment of the technical solution, the casing 4, together with the inlet grille 2, which is hinged on a swivel joint, at least partially delimits the internal volume of the air intake unit 1. At the same time, a hole is made in one of the walls of the casing, which is connected to the air inlet channel 3, due to which the internal volume of the air intake unit 1 is made pneumatically connected to the air inlet channel 3.

In accordance with the disclosed technical solution, the air intake unit 1 includes a casing 4, made with the possibility of mounting on the surface of the outer wall of the building, being pneumatically connected to the external environment through the inlet grille 2. At the same time, the casing 4 is made with the ability to accommodate a filtration unit , the volume (here we mean the working volume through which the filtered air passes) of which is pneumatically connected to the volume of the inlet channel 3 for air through the area 5 of static pressure.

Under the area 5 of static pressure for the purposes of this disclosure, it is necessary to understand the area of space, which is located in the direction of air movement after the filtration unit and which equalizes the air pressure at the outlet of the filtration unit before it enters the air inlet 3. In a preferred embodiment of the disclosed technical solution, the static pressure area interacts with essentially the entire cross-sectional area of the channel 3 at the point where the air exits the filtration unit. To implement this function of the static pressure area 5, the cross-sectional area of the static pressure area near the filtration unit with a plane perpendicular to the direction of air movement is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet duct 3 at the junction with the air intake unit 1. That is, the air duct is expanded from the junction of the air inlet 3 to the filtration unit due to the static pressure area. Thus, the disclosed technical solution allows for an almost unlimited increase in the cross-sectional area of the filtration unit, and, accordingly, its volume. In this case, essentially the entire volume of the filtration unit is effectively used, regardless of its cross-sectional area or the cross-sectional area of the inlet channel 3. By equalizing the pressure inside the static pressure area, the air outlet from the filtration unit is carried out essentially through the entire cross-sectional area of the air channel at the outlet of the unit filtration. At the same time, the filtration unit, unlike the solution known from D1, does not narrow the air channel, and, accordingly, the performance of the installation and the noise level generated by it during operation are less affected.

In some embodiments, the static pressure area is formed due to the fact that the filtration unit, being placed in the casing, is located at some distance from the rear wall of the casing and the junction of the air intake unit 1 with the air inlet 3. The distance between the filter and the junction of the inlet air duct with the casing corresponds to the width of the static pressure area and can be from 5 mm; in more preferred embodiments, this distance is from 15 mm. In the embodiments shown in the figures of the drawings, such a remote location is carried out due to the fact that the filtration unit, presented in the form of a coarse filter 6, is pressed against the shelves 7 in the installed position, remote (in the direction along the air movement) from the junction of the node 1 air intake with air inlet 3. In the embodiments shown, the shelves 7 are formed in the form of a curvature of the housing wall. In other embodiments, the shelves can be made in the form of protrusions inside the casing 4. Also, the static pressure area can be formed by any other means, in particular, by means that provide remote placement of the filtration unit from the junction of the air intake unit 1 with the air inlet channel 3 .

The filtration unit in the disclosed technical solution may include various filters and means for fixing them inside the casing 4. The filtration unit in the preferred embodiments of the technical solution is configured to include a coarse filter 6 (dust filter, classes G1(EU1), G2( EU2), G3(EU3), G4(EU4)). The service life of the coarse filter 6 is usually the smallest, therefore it is preferable to place it in the most accessible place for maintenance, which is the casing 4 of the air intake unit 1. In some embodiments of the disclosed technical solution, the filtration unit is configured to include a fine filter (classes F5(EU5), F6(EU6), F7(EU7), F8(EU8), F9(EU9)), EPA high efficiency filters \HEPA (classes E10(H10), E11(H11), E12(H12), H13(H13), H14(H14)), Ultra high efficiency filters ULPA filters (classes U15, U16, U17, U18), adsorption catalytic filters (charcoal) and photocatalytic filters (PCF) and/or other types of filters. In particular, Fig. 14 shows a schematic representation of the layout of the air intake unit 1, the filtration unit of which is configured to include a carbon filter media 8, an FCO feed 9, and an FCO insert 10. The FCO irradiator 9 is an artificial source of ultraviolet radiation, and the FCO insert 10 is a part on which a decomposition reaction catalyst (for example, titanium oxide) is applied. When all filters are placed in the air intake unit in accordance with this technical solution, the need to open the case of the supply ventilation unit located indoors for maintenance is essentially eliminated. The already purified air enters the housing inside the room, containing at least a fan. The service life of the components of the installation, enclosed in the case, in such conditions increases significantly.

In accordance with the disclosed technical solution, the casing 4 is made with the possibility of removing at least part of the filter unit. In some embodiments of the technical solution, the possibility of extracting at least part of the filtration unit can be carried out due to the fact that the air intake unit 1 includes means for detachable connection of at least part of the filtration unit with the casing 4, in addition, the inlet grille 2 can be made with the possibility of opening and fixing in the closed position of the lattice.

In the embodiments shown in Figures 1-13, the filtration unit is shown including a coarse filter 6 . At the same time, figures 4-13 show the means for tilting and fixing the inlet grille in the closed position, as well as the means for connecting the filtration unit with the air intake unit 1 in the casing 4. In the presented embodiments, the air intake unit 1 includes an inlet grille 2 and a pressure bracket 11 connected to the casing 4 pivotally. The swivel connection in the presented embodiments is made using a bolted connection (or a bolt-nut connection) that forms the axis of the hinged connection of the inlet grate 2 and the clamping bracket 11 with the casing 4. The clamping bracket 11 can be fixed in the closed position by additional fixing means or pressed by the inlet grille 12 in its closed (or closed) position. At the same time, the holes 12 of the inlet grate 2 for bolted connection with the casing 4 are made in such a shape that in the closed position the inlet grate 2 without opening the bolted connection can move from the lower (closed) position upwards (for example, from the lower closed position shown in Fig. 4 to the top open position shown in FIG. 5). At the same time, in the embodiments of the disclosed technical solution shown in the figures of the drawings, the inlet grate 2 contains a protrusion 13, which in the lower (closed) position engages with the casing 4, which prevents the inlet grate 2 from being arbitrarily opened. ) the position of the input grate 2 (Fig.4) in the upper (open) position (Fig.5) the protrusion 13 disengages from the casing 4. From the upper (open) position, the input grate 2 can be tilted to the open position (Fig.6- 7). The clamping bracket 11 in the closed position holds the filter unit (in the form of a coarse filter 6) in the working position inside the casing 4. The clamping bracket 11 can be hingedly connected to the casing 4, for which the mentioned bolted connection can be used. In the pressed position, the clamp 11 can be held both by the outlet grille 2 itself, and with the help of additional means of fixing the clamp 11. .10 and 11, as a result of which at least part of the filter unit is released and can be removed (in particular, for replacement), as shown in Fig.12 and 13. After that, in place of the extracted parts of the filter unit (for example, filter 6 rough cleaning) new ones are installed.

Closing (assembly) of air intake assembly 1 in reverse order. First, the filtration unit is installed in the casing 4. In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the filtration unit is placed in the casing 4 until it stops against the shelves 7. After that, the clamping bracket 11 is closed. and goes down, as a result of which the protrusion 13 engages with the casing 4.

The operations listed above for removing parts that are replaced during regular maintenance can be performed manually and do not require the use of any tool or special means. At the same time, the removal of the filters does not require dismantling of the indoor housing of the installation, nor a significant space outside the building to remove the filters, as required by the solution known from D1.

This technical solution has been described in detail with reference to individual options for its implementation, however, it is obvious that it can be implemented in various versions, without going beyond the declared scope of legal protection defined by the claims.

Claims (41)

1. Supply ventilation unit, which includes case with a fan, made with the possibility of mounting indoors; air intake unit from the external environment; an air inlet duct capable of being placed through the wall of the building, being pneumatically connected to the unit body and to the air intake unit; characterized in that the air intake unit includes a casing, made with the possibility of mounting on the outer surface of the building, being pneumatically connected to the air inlet channel and the external environment through the inlet grille; wherein the casing is configured to contain a filtration unit, the volume of which is pneumatically connected to the volume of the air inlet channel through the static pressure area; the cross-sectional area of the static pressure region near the filtration unit by a plane perpendicular to the direction of air movement is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel at the junction with the air intake unit; the casing is made with the possibility of removing at least part of the filtration unit. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtration unit includes a coarse filter. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtration unit includes a carbon filter. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtration unit includes a photocatalytic filter. 5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the input grate is pivotally connected to the casing with the possibility of tilting the grate to the open position; at the same time, the air intake unit contains a means for fixing the grille in the closed position. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the static pressure area is mainly formed by the space between the filter unit and the casing wall proximate the air inlet. 7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet channel is curved. 8. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the casing is made with the possibility of mounting on the surface of the slope of the window opening outside the building. 9. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet channel is made straight and passes essentially perpendicular to the wall of the room through it. 10. An air intake unit from the external environment for a supply ventilation unit, the case of which, containing the fan, is located indoors, including a casing, made with the possibility of mounting on the outer surface of the building, being pneumatically connected to the inlet channel for air and the external environment through the inlet grille; wherein the casing is configured to contain a filtration unit, the volume of which is pneumatically connected to the volume of the air inlet channel through the static pressure area; the cross-sectional area of the static pressure region near the filtration unit by a plane perpendicular to the direction of air movement is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel at the junction with the air intake unit; the casing is made with the possibility of removing at least part of the filtration unit. 11. Node according to claim 9, characterized in that the filtration unit includes a coarse filter. 12. The node according to claim 9, characterized in that the filtration unit includes a carbon filter. 13. The node according to claim 9, characterized in that the filtration unit includes a photocatalytic filter. 14. Node according to claim 9, characterized in that the input grate is pivotally connected to the casing with the possibility of tilting the grate to the open position; at the same time, the air intake unit contains a means for fixing the grille in the closed position. 15. Node according to claim 9, characterized in that the static pressure area is mainly formed by the space between the filter unit and the casing wall proximate the air inlet.

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