RU2774693C1 - Collapsible cantilever crane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction of bridges.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of bridges and can be used in assembling collapsible railway bridges, namely, metal flyovers, by the "head first" method on land and in a water stream. The collapsible cantilever crane consists of a base part, a main beam, flexible rods, an undercarriage, a counterweight platform, a counterweight, block and tackle systems, winches, electrical equipment, a power unit, beams, a winch control panel. Spacers are installed between the flanges of the shoes and the base part of the main beam, process equipment is placed on the main beam and the base part, including a support frame, a mobile beam, a crane for installing capstans and pile sections, an additional second block and tackle system, a traverse for rigging the crossbar of the support, a retractable bracket, mounting winches, and cassettes for pile sections.

EFFECT: productivity of the crane is increased.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to bridge building and can be used in the installation of collapsible railway bridges, namely, metal overpasses by the method "from the head" on land and on a watercourse.

Known collapsible jib crane SRK-50, designed for installation in the bridge span of metal superstructures (collapsible and fully transportable) with a gross weight of up to 34.4 m with a laid bridge deck with a total weight of up to 55 tons and reinforced concrete spans weighing up to 70 tons up to 23 m long and weighing up to 85 t, up to 19 m long for removing spans from railway platforms and bogies, as well as for installing support blocks at a reach of up to 18 m.

The collapsible jib crane SRK-50, assembled according to the first assembly, consists of a base part, a main beam, flexible rods, a running gear, a platform for a counterweight, a counterweight, chain hoists, three winches of the UL-5M type, three winches of the UL-1 type, 5, electrical equipment and power plants of the AD-30T-400 type. The crane has a set of mounting devices, a set of couplings, a set of slinging devices and safety devices [1].

The disadvantage of this crane is the impossibility of joint installation of the superstructure with the support of metal racks, frame-screw support.

Known jib crane for installation of a flat support metal trestle, consisting of the base part, the main beam, flexible rods, undercarriage, platform for counterweight, counterweight, chain hoists, three winches, electrical equipment and power plants. To the main beam of the jib crane at certain distances from above, electric winches are installed in pairs through the beams for installing winches, the control of which is reduced to a separate control panel [2].

The disadvantage of this crane is the impossibility of joint installation of the superstructure with the support of metal racks, frame-screw support.

There is a known method of mounting a flyover on screw piles, in which an installation site is arranged on the shore in close proximity to the axis of the bridge for assembling frame-screw supports and transferring superstructures from a transport position to a working position, floodplain supports are mounted by a truck crane, superstructures are installed in the axis of the bridge with a cantilever crane. On the water, it is collected by steam for the installation of channel supports, the frame-screw supports of the channel part are assembled on the shore, delivered to the installation site by a jib crane and suspended on the ferry to install the channel supports, the jib crane returns to the shore and slings the superstructure, the steam for the installation of the channel supports frame-screw support to its place of installation, an automobile crane with universal equipment for driving screw piles mounted on its boom is delivered to the edge of the bridge, is transferred to the working position and screws the piles of the frame-screw support suspended on the ferry for installation of channel supports, automobile crane with universal equipment for driving screw piles, it is transferred to the transport position and returned to the shore, the next span is installed in the axis of the bridge by a cantilever crane, the frame-screw support is disconnected from the ferry to install channel supports [3].

The disadvantage of this method of installation of the overpass is the low rate of installation of frame-screw supports on the water, the involvement of a large amount of equipment in the technological process, as well as the impossibility of joint installation of the superstructure with the support of metal flyovers, the frame-screw support.

As a prototype, a jib crane was adopted for installing a flat support of a metal overpass, consisting of a base part, a main beam, flexible rods, a running gear, a platform for a counterweight, a counterweight, chain hoists, three winches, electrical equipment and a power plant. To the main beam of the jib crane at certain distances from above, electric winches are installed in pairs through the beams for installing winches, the control of which is reduced to a separate control panel [2].

The invention is based on the task of improving the design by joint installation on straight sections of the superstructure with the support of metal trestles, frame-screw support, increasing the rate of installation of metal trestles by placing technological equipment on the cantilever part of the main beam of the crane.

The technical result of the claimed invention is an increase in the performance of the crane.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a collapsible jib crane, consisting of a base part, a main beam, flexible rods, a running gear, a platform for a counterweight, a counterweight, chain hoists, winches, electrical equipment, a power plant, beams, a winch control panel, between the flanges of the support shoes and the base part of the main beam, spacers are installed, technological equipment is placed on the main beam and the base part, including a support frame, a mobile beam, a crane for installing capstans and pile sections, an additional pulley block, a traverse for slinging the support crossbar, a retractable console, mounting winches and cassettes for pile sections.

A support frame with a fence, consisting of sections docked together, is laid and fixed along the cantilever part of the main beam.

On the support frame there are winches for lifting and lowering the support posts, winches for installing capstans and pile sections, outlet blocks for mounting the front end of the superstructure, a crane for installing capstans and pile sections, retractable consoles for slinging the mounting spacers, a movable beam for slinging the support posts , platforms for transportation of capstans, cassettes for sections of piles.

At the ends of the movable beam there are block clips forming pulley blocks, stocked from winches installed on the support frame.

The mobile beam is equipped with rollers for rolling along the path laid on the support frame, the movement is carried out with the help of a winch.

The movable beam is U-shaped in its middle part for passage over the flexible rods of a collapsible jib crane.

The crane for installation of capstans and sections of piles is located along the axis of the main beam on a spatial truss, installed in the head part of the support frame, consists of a turning part, turning and lifting mechanisms.

To install mounting spacers on the frame under the equipment of the base part, mounting winches are installed, made with the possibility of rotation. The winch rope is stocked on a retractable console block.

Cassettes for sections of screw piles are made in the form of inclined bases.

Thus, the claimed implementation of a collapsible jib crane provides an improvement in the design, as well as an increase in the rate of installation of metal racks.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows a collapsible jib crane, Fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig. one.

A collapsible jib crane consists of a base part 1, a main beam 2, flexible rods 3, a running gear 4, a platform for a counterweight 5, a counterweight 6, chain hoists 7, winches 8, electrical equipment (not indicated in the drawing), a power plant 9, beams ( not indicated on the drawing), control panel for winches (not indicated on the drawing). Spacers 10 are installed between the flanges (not indicated in the drawing) of the support shoes (not indicated in the drawing) and the base part 1 of the main beam 2. The power plant 9 is installed in the body of the car 11, provides power to power and lighting installations (not indicated in the drawing) and the operation of capstans 12.

On the main beam 2 and the base part 1 there is technological equipment (not indicated on the drawing), including a support frame 13, a mobile beam 14, a crane 15 for installing capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not indicated on the drawing), a second additional hoist 17, a traverse (not indicated on the drawing) for slinging the crossbar (not indicated on the drawing) supports 18, retractable console (not indicated on the drawing), mounting winches 8 and cassettes (not indicated on the drawing) for sections 16 piles (not indicated on the drawing).

The support frame 13 with a fence 19, consisting of stacked sections 16 of piles (not shown in the drawing), is laid and fixed along the cantilever part of the main beam 2.

On the support frame 13 there are winches 20 for raising and lowering the racks (not indicated in the drawing) supports 18, winches (not indicated in the drawing) for installing capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not indicated in the drawing), outlet blocks 21 for mounting the front end (not indicated in the drawing) of the superstructure 22, a crane 15 for installing capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not indicated in the drawing), retractable consoles (not indicated in the drawing) for slinging mounting struts 23, a movable beam 14 for slinging racks (in the drawing not indicated) supports 18, platforms 24 for transportation of capstans 12, cassettes (not indicated in the drawing) for sections 16 of piles (not indicated in the drawing).

At the ends (not indicated in the drawing) of the movable beam 14 there are block clips (not indicated in the drawing) forming pulleys (not indicated in the drawing), stocked from winches 20 mounted on the support frame 13.

The movable beam 14 is equipped with rollers (not indicated in the drawing) for rolling along the path (not indicated in the drawing) laid on the support frame 13, the movement is performed using a winch (not indicated in the drawing).

The mobile beam 14 is U-shaped (not indicated in the drawing) in its middle part (not indicated in the drawing) for passage over flexible rods 3 of a collapsible jib crane (not indicated in the drawing).

Crane 15 for the installation of capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not indicated in the drawing) is located along the axis (not indicated in the drawing) of the main beam 2 on a spatial farm (not indicated in the drawing) installed in the head part (not indicated in the drawing) of the support frame 13, consists of a rotary part (not indicated in the drawing), rotation mechanisms (not indicated in the drawing) and lifting (not indicated in the drawing).

To install mounting struts 23 on the frame (not indicated on the drawing) under the equipment (not indicated on the drawing) of the base part 1, mounting winches 8 are installed, made with the possibility of rotation (not indicated on the drawing). The rope (not shown in the drawing) of the winch 8 is stored on the block (not shown in the drawing) of the retractable console (not shown in the drawing).

Cassettes (not shown in the drawing) for sections of 16 screw piles (not shown in the drawing) are made in the form of inclined bases (not shown in the drawing).

Collapsible jib crane works as follows.

When installing metal overpasses (not indicated in the drawing) “from the head”, mounting sites (not indicated in the drawing) for assembling supports 18 are arranged at zero places (not indicated in the drawing) of the railway embankment (not indicated in the drawing) near the overpass (not indicated in the drawing). marked).

Installation of a flyover with a collapsible jib crane SRK-50 (not indicated on the drawing) “from the head” is used in the following cases: if there are approaches (railways) (not indicated on the drawing) to the flyover (not indicated on the drawing), with a large length flyovers (with a large amount of work), with heavily swamped or overgrown with shrubs (not indicated in the drawing), with weak soils that do not allow the use of truck cranes (not indicated in the drawing).

The value of the counterweight 6 is determined based on the loading of the cargo console (not indicated on the drawing) with technological equipment (not indicated on the drawing), span 22, mounted support 18 in a vertical position (not indicated on the drawing), two capstans 12 and sections 16 of screw piles ( not marked on the drawing). The weight of the crane weight 6 (not marked on the drawing) is assumed to be at least 25 tons.

When installing the overpass with a collapsible jib crane (not indicated in the drawing), the support 18 and the superstructure 22 are fed under the crane (not indicated in the drawing) using truck cranes (not indicated in the drawing). Performed slinging and lifting with the help of winches 8 support 18 and superstructure 22 to the cantilever crane (not marked in the drawing).

The lifting of the crane personnel (not indicated in the drawing) on the support frame 13 is carried out along the steps (not indicated in the drawing) located on the support posts (not indicated in the drawing).

For slinging the front end (not indicated in the drawing) of the span 22, a second additional chain hoist 17 and a winch 8 from the crane (not indicated in the drawing) are used, while the main (not indicated in the drawing) chain hoist 7 is stocked from the winch 8 in accordance with the third working position (not shown in the drawing).

Two capstans 12 are installed on the prepared sites 24 on a crane (not indicated in the drawing), sections 16 of piles (not indicated in the drawing) are placed and fixed in cassettes (not indicated in the drawing).

A collapsible jib crane (not indicated on the drawing) assembled according to the first assembly scheme (not indicated on the drawing) (first working position) with additional equipment (not indicated on the drawing) is being moved into the span (not indicated on the drawing).

The support 18 is installed in a vertical position (not indicated in the drawing) using a movable beam 14, at the ends of which block clips (not indicated in the drawing) are located, forming four-fold chain hoists (not indicated in the drawing), stocked from winches 20 with a lifting capacity of 1.5 t installed on the support frame 13. The movement of the mobile beam 14 is carried out by a manual winch (not indicated in the drawing) with a lifting capacity of 1.0 tons.

The ropes are disconnected from the gussets (not indicated in the drawing) on the racks (not indicated in the drawing) of the support 18. The support 18 is lowered onto the shoes (not indicated in the drawing) using the main (not indicated in the drawing) cargo chain hoist 7.

Mounting struts 23 are installed using retractable consoles (not indicated on the drawing) and assembly manual winches 8 with a lifting capacity of 1.0 tons, installed with the possibility of rotation (not indicated on the drawing) on the frame for equipment (not indicated on the drawing) of the base part 1.

Capstans 12 are lowered to the ends of the piles (not shown in the drawing) using a crane 15 to install capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not shown in the drawing). Preliminary screwing is carried out with capstans 12, powered by a power plant 9 with a power of at least 50 kW. The screwing of piles (not indicated in the drawing) is carried out up to a given torque. Crane 15 serves additional (not shown in the drawing) sections 16 of piles (not shown in the drawing) for building (not shown in the drawing). After screwing is completed, capstans 12 are removed by crane 15.

In the case of installation for screwing piles (not indicated on the drawing) on a car chassis (not indicated on the drawing), for example, UZS-85, the use of capstans 12 is excluded.

Crane lifting mechanism 15 for installation of capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not indicated on the drawing) - rope (not indicated on the drawing), driven by a manual winch (not indicated on the drawing) with a lifting capacity of 1.0 t. Boom (not indicated on the drawing ) crane 15 is equipped with a mobile electric hoist (not marked in the drawing) with a lifting capacity of 2.0 tons.

Next, the crane 15 moves to install capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles (not indicated in the drawing) to install the superstructure 22. The superstructure 22 is lowered using the second pulley block (not indicated in the drawing) and the second additional pulley block 17 with a traverse (not shown in the drawing). marked). If necessary, the superstructure 22 is transferred from the transport to the working position (not indicated in the drawing). The ropes are disconnected (not indicated in the drawing) from the superstructure 22. Upon completion of the technological processes, the crane (not indicated in the drawing) is moved for loading (not indicated in the drawing).

The formation of tower supports of the bridge (not indicated in the drawing) is carried out by installing connections (not indicated in the drawing) between flat (not indicated in the drawing) supports 18.

Preparing a crane (not indicated in the drawing) for loading by shifting a manual winch (not indicated in the drawing) of a sliding beam (not indicated in the drawing) to the corresponding next support 18 position (not indicated in the drawing). Fixing the beam with fingers (not indicated in the drawing). Moving the auxiliary console (not indicated in the drawing) in order to skip the sliding beam (not indicated in the drawing). Reloading the crane (not shown in the drawing).

In the proposed design of a collapsible jib crane, the effect of expanding the scope of the collapsible jib crane SRK-50 is achieved due to the presence of a support frame that allows you to freely mark the equipment, create a convenient platform for maintenance and evenly transfer the load to the beams of the cantilever part of the crane due to the presence of a crane for the installation of capstans 12 and sections 16 of piles with an elongated boom allows you to place a mobile electric hoist on it, which makes it possible to abandon the use of a cargo winch having a mass greater than the electric hoist, simplify the design, expand the crane service area, by installing a mobile beam on the rail track, makes it possible to use a manual winch to move it, due to the use of a second additional chain hoist for slinging the superstructure, it allows you to sling it closer to the head of the cantilever part and at the same time increase the distance between the front trolley of the crane and the end of the previous of the installed superstructure, which increases the safety of work, due to the placement of capstans and pile sections near the crane, it allows them to be slinged without moving the crane.

Joint installation is provided on straight sections of the span structure with the support of metal overpasses, with a frame-screw support, the rate of installation of metal overpasses is increased.

When reeving the ropes in accordance with the third working position of the collapsible jib crane, it is possible to use one of the crane winches for slinging the front end of the superstructure.

Moving a collapsible jib crane without a load, i.e. without a span and support, possibly with a fully lowered counterweight, which makes it possible to freely pass along curved sections of the track due to slack in the counterweight ropes.

The collapsible jib crane can be used for mounting the REM-500 metal trestle and the IMZh-500 railway trestle bridge from the head.

Sources of information

1. Manual for the device and operation of the collapsible console crane SRK-50. - M.: Military Publishing, 1974, p. 42.

2. Utility model patent of the Russian Federation No. 180628 “Jib crane for installing a flat support of a metal overpass” with priority dated December 05, 2017, published on June 19, 2018. Bull. No. 17, IPC V66S 23/24, authors: Fedorov A.Yu., Shumilov M.N., Orekhov A.V.

3. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2659287 "Method of installing a flyover on screw piles" with priority dated June 28, 2017, published on June 29, 2018. Bull. No. 19, IPC E01D 21/06, author Osipov A.V.

Claims (2)

1. A collapsible jib crane, consisting of a base part, a main beam, flexible rods, a running gear, a platform for a counterweight, a counterweight, chain hoists, winches, electrical equipment, a power plant, beams, a winch control panel, characterized in that between the flanges of the support shoes and the base part of the main beam, spacers are installed, technological equipment is placed on the main beam and the base part, including a support frame, a mobile beam, a crane for installing capstans and pile sections, an additional pulley block, a traverse for slinging the support crossbar, a retractable console, mounting winches and cassettes for pile sections. 2. A collapsible cantilever crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the support frame with a fence, consisting of docked sections, is laid and fixed along the cantilever part of the main beam, winches are located on the support frame for raising and lowering the supports, winches for the installation of capstans and pile sections, tap-off blocks for mounting the front end of the superstructure, a crane for installing capstans and pile sections, retractable consoles for slinging mounting spacers, a mobile beam for slinging support racks, platforms for capstan transportation, cassettes for pile sections, at the ends movable beams are located block clips forming pulleys, stocked from winches installed on the support frame, the mobile beam is equipped with rollers for rolling along the path laid on the support frame, the movement is carried out using a winch, the mobile beam is U-shaped in its middle part for passage over the flexible rods of a collapsible jib crane, kr The anchor for installation of capstans and sections of piles is located along the axis of the main beam on a spatial truss, installed in the head part of the support frame, consists of a turning part, turning and lifting mechanisms; turn, the winch ropes are packed on a retractable console block, cassettes for screw pile sections are made in the form of inclined bases.

Images