RU2774400C1 - System for monitoring the technical condition of communications and navigation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering and is intended for real-time inspections of the technical condition of coastal and floating navigation and telecommunication equipment of base stations (BS) of the automatic identification system (AIS) of inland waterways (IWW) of the Russian Federation (RF), as well as ports and coastal marine areas, including areas with intensive navigation. The expected result is achieved by using as a means of monitoring a remotely controlled unmanned watercraft, which has a higher payload capacity compared to an unmanned aerial vehicle, as a result of which it is equipped with a more advanced automated measuring system; due to the use of the express control procedure, when the type of technical condition is determined not by the entire list of controlled parameters provided for in the regulatory and technical documentation (RTD), but by their limited number; due to the use of the wavelet analysis method in the processing and storage of measurement information related to real-time control methods; due to the broadcast from the onboard automated research complex to the coastal automated research complex of the administration of the IWW basin, not the entire volume of available measuring information for each monitoring object, but only the type of its technical condition by generating an appropriate signal.

EFFECT: expansion of the list of controlled coastal and floating equipment and an increase in the efficiency of the process of monitoring the technical condition of monitored objects.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to radio engineering and is intended for real-time checks of the technical condition of coastal and floating navigation and telecommunications equipment of base stations (BS) of the automatic identification system (AIS) of inland waterways (GWP) of the Russian Federation (RF), as well as ports and coastal sea areas, including areas with intensive shipping.

A known system for monitoring the technical condition of ground-based radio-technical flight support, described in the "Guidelines for flight testing of ground-based beacons of the instrumental landing system with flight control equipment ALK-70" (M.: GosNII GA, 1976. - 9 p.). The system contains an aircraft-laboratory (ASL) and a localizer signal receiver (LLR), a glide slope signal receiver (GRM), an airborne radio range finder transceiver, a marker radio beacon signal receiver (MRM), a barometric altimeter, a trajectory measurement device and a recording device.

The disadvantage of the system is that its implementation requires an aircraft-laboratory, which causes high operating costs of the system and reduces the efficiency of flight inspections of ground facilities.

A known system for flight testing of azimuth and rangefinder radio navigation beacons (RNM), containing VSL, onboard signal receiver azimuth channel RNM, onboard transceiver rangefinder RNM, barometric altimeter, an optical device for determining the moment of passage of the VSL over landmarks with known geographic coordinates (see radio beacons radio engineering short-range navigation systems, flight test methods, GOST 26904-86, IPK, Publishing House of Standards, 1997).

The disadvantage of the system, like that of the previous analogue, is the need for ASL, which causes high operating costs for monitoring, reduces the efficiency of flight checks of azimuth and rangefinding radio navigation beacons, since ASL overflies ground radio equipment only once or twice a year.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention (prototype) is the monitoring system described in US Pat. RF No. 2501031 IPC G01S7 / 40, publ. 12/10/2013. The system consists of ground-based and aboard a remotely controlled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control equipment. So on board the UAV are placed: a localizer signal receiver, a glide path radio beacon signal receiver, a radio range finder transceiver (RDM), a marker radio beacon signal receiver, a azimuth channel signal receiver RHM, a rangefinder RHM transceiver, a barometric altimeter, a high-resolution transmitting video camera, a satellite navigation system signal receiver connected to the coding unit connected to the transmitter and VHF transceiver. The following are located on Earth: a receiving unit, a decoding unit, an operator console, a computer, a trajectory measurement unit, a bearing reading unit, an automatic radio direction finder and a knowledge base (KB), and the output of the receiving unit is connected to the decoding unit, one output of which is connected to the operator console, and the second - to the first input of the calculator, the second input of which is connected to the block of trajectory measurements, the third input - to the database, the fourth input - to the operator's console, and the fifth - to the bearing reading block, the input of which is connected to the output of the automatic radio direction finder, while the output " Save" of the calculator is fed to the input of the knowledge base, and its input "KB" is connected to the output of the operator's console of the same name.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: incomplete coverage of controlled ground facilities; a large amount of transmitted measurement information and low efficiency of verification due to the fact that the entire volume of measurement information about monitoring objects is transmitted to the Earth, and not just information related to their critical technical condition; the lack of a ground-to-board feedback channel to control the settings (adjustments) of emergency communications equipment and maintenance and service equipment in real time during the transition to backup sets.

Thus, the technical problem that arises when using the prototype system on waterways is the incomplete coverage of controlled objects, due to the limited functionality of the unmanned aerial vehicle associated with its low carrying capacity, as well as the insufficient efficiency of carrying out inspections in the near and far operating areas of floating and shore equipment due to the lack of a shore-to-board feedback channel to control the settings (adjustments) of emergency equipment in real time during the verification process, which slows down decision-making based on monitoring results.

The technical result achieved with the help of the claimed invention is the expansion of the list of controlled coastal and floating equipment and the increase in the efficiency of the process of monitoring the technical condition of monitoring objects.

To achieve this result, the following set of essential features is used: in the system for monitoring the technical condition of communications (CRS) and navigation equipment (SNO), containing, as well as the prototype: a coastal automated measuring complex (AMC), consisting of a receiving unit connected to the unit decoding, one output of which is connected to the operator's console, and the second to the first input of the calculator, the second input of which is associated with the trajectory measurements unit, the third input is with the knowledge base, the fourth input is with the operator's console, and the fifth with the bearing reading unit, the input of which is connected to the output automatic radio direction finder, wherein the output "Save" of the calculator is fed to the input of the knowledge base, and its input "KB (knowledge base)" is connected to the output of the operator's console of the same name; an on-board AIC located on board the monitoring tool (SRM), consisting of a block of replaceable modules of radio receivers of measuring signals with a module of a transceiver for signals of a range-finding radio navigation beacon, a module for receiving signals from an azimuth radio navigation beacon, as well as a barometric altimeter, a high-resolution transmitting video camera, a receiver of satellite signals of the navigation system connected to the coding unit connected to the measurement information transmission unit and the VHF transceiver, in contrast to the prototype, a remotely controlled unmanned watercraft (BEVS) is used as a CRM, the onboard AIC of which is designed to cover any coastal and floating SRS and internal AtoN waterways of the Russian Federation (VVP RF), emitting signals in the radio or optical wave range, including ship radio stations and coastal communications, stationary and floating (ship) navigation lights and navigation equipment ionic and floating radio-emitting aids to navigation, control and correction stations of an autonomous navigation system (CCS), base stations of an automated vessel traffic control system (ACS DS), etc. connected to the AIC of the administrations of the basins of the IWW, connected to the database, placed on the shore; in turn, the coastal AIC additionally includes: a remote control unit SrS and AtoN, the group of outputs "TU (telecontrol)" of which is connected by telecontrol channels to the corresponding remotely controlled CTS SrS and AtoN, the databases of which are connected by telesignaling channels to the group of inputs "TS ( telesignalization)" of the knowledge base of the onshore AIC, the output "BZ" of which is connected to the input of the operator's console of the same name, interfaced through the outputs "TU SNO" and "TU SRM", respectively, with the remote control unit SRS and SNO, as well as through the control unit BEVS, and the unit coding with a control information transmission unit that emits telecontrol signals into free space; and the onboard AIC additionally includes: modules for receiving SRS and AtoN signals of various wave bands allocated for communication on the RF GDP and the maritime mobile service (MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF), a control unit, an onboard AIK knowledge base and a decoding unit, moreover, all the listed receiving modules that receive radio signals from the radiating elements of the CRS and AtoN are combined into a block of replaceable modules for measuring signal radio receivers, and their outputs are fed to the group input “Change. inf." of the control unit, which is connected with the BZ of the on-board AIC by the output "BZ" and the input "Etalon", and the output "TS" and the input "TU", respectively, with the coding unit and the decoding unit, the second output of which is connected to the BEVS control subsystem, and the input to the VHF transceiver, while the knowledge bases of the onboard and shore AIC have inputs/outputs "Updating".

The essence of the invention lies in the possibility of remote monitoring of the technical condition of coastal and floating SRS and AtoN, which allows, in case of their failure or emergency, to make a decision on the prompt replacement of an inoperable object. At the same time, the system provides control over almost all telecommunication and navigation devices that emit signals in the radio and optical ranges and are located in the river (lake) basins of the RF GDP, port waters, in areas of heavy vessel traffic, navigation in the "cramped" waters of fairways, canals , locks, straits, passages, etc. This result is achieved through the use of a remotely controlled unmanned water vessel as a means of monitoring, which has a higher carrying capacity compared to an unmanned aerial vehicle, as a result of which it is equipped with a more advanced automated measuring complex compared to the prototype. At the same time, an increase in the efficiency of control is ensured through the use of an express control procedure, when the type of technical condition is determined not by the entire list of controlled parameters provided for by the regulatory and technical documentation (NTD), but by their limited number, making the greatest “contribution” to improving the reliability index of the CPS and SNO; due to the application of the wavelet analysis method in the processing and storage of measurement information related to real-time control methods; due to the transmission from the onboard AIC to the onshore AIC of the administration of the IWW basin, not the entire volume of available measuring information for each monitoring object, but only the type of its technical condition by generating an appropriate signal.

Comparison of the proposed system and the prototype showed that the task set - expanding the list of controlled SRS and AtoN of water basins and coastal marine areas and increasing the efficiency of the process of monitoring the technical condition of objects - is solved as a result of a new set of features, which proves the compliance of the proposed invention with the criterion of patentability "novelty".

In turn, the conducted information search in the field of radio communications did not reveal solutions containing individual distinctive features of the claimed invention, which allows us to conclude that the method meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The essence of this invention is illustrated by graphic materials where:

in fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a system for monitoring the technical condition of communications and navigation equipment;

in fig. 2 shows the option of placing stationary and floating navigation and telecommunications equipment of the communication and aids to navigation system on a fragment of the area of responsibility of the Nevsko-Ladoga area of waterways and navigation of the administration of the Volga-Baltic basin;

in fig. 3 shows the types of unmanned watercraft a) and c) of the middle class; b) and d) small class;

in fig. 4 shows a functional diagram of the monitoring system;

in fig. 5 shows the sequence of application of the wavelet analysis method in the express control procedure;

in fig. 6 shows a probabilistic graph for determining the type of technical condition of the SRS and AtoN, taking into account errors of the first and second kind;

in fig. 7 shows the option of completing the operator's console.

The proposed system consists of:

a complex of on-site technical facilities (CTS) and AIK - 1 (Fig. 1) installed on coastal and floating SRS and AtoN;

onshore AIC - 2, designed to collect via terrestrial channels TI-TS from the object AIC SRS and SNO of the administrations of the IWW basins, as well as via radio channels from the onboard AIC means of monitoring relevant measurement information, its processing, registration and display in the interests of the DSS of the management group management ship traffic. The coastal AIC is included in the monitoring subsystem and is located on the ECU DS (in the area of waterways and navigation);

on-board AIK - 3, located on a remotely controlled UEVS and designed to check the technical condition of the SRS and AtoN by remotely measuring the parameters of the signals emitted by them in the radio and optical wave ranges, processing them, detecting the fact of failure and identifying the type of technical condition, as well as broadcasting the measuring information to the ground AIK.

Each of the elements of the SRS and AtoN in the structure of the monitoring subsystem is connected by telecontrol-telesignaling channels (TU-TS) to the onshore AIC for transmitting measurement information (telesignaling signals "TS") in the form of technical condition parameters and receiving control information (telecontrol signals) from the onshore AIC "TU") in the form of commands to turn on, turn off, change operating modes (radiation), radiation power, etc. Each SRS and AtoN radiates into free space the corresponding signals of the radio or optical wave range, received and analyzed by the onboard AIC on the monitoring tool. The list of means of communication and AtoN is known from the NTD, and is given in [1]. In FIG. Figure 2 presents a variant of the integration of SRS and AtoN on the example of the Neva-Ladoga region of waterways and navigation of the administration of the Volga-Baltic basin.

The on-board AIC of the monitoring tool has the ability to receive radio or optical wave signals emitted by controlled SRS and AtoN, as well as broadcast on the coastal AIC signals of the TV signaling "TS" (measuring information about the type of technical condition of monitoring objects or the values of their parameters) and receiving from the coastal AIC of telecontrol signals "TU" (control information) by a monitoring tool in the process of checking SRS and AtoN. The onboard AIK is located on a remotely controlled small tonnage BEVS. Variants of some types of UEVS are shown in Fig. 3. The choice of the vessel type depends on its ability to carry a payload with the weight and size characteristics of an onboard AIK equipped with a set of interchangeable measuring modules necessary for measurements.

Also, the on-board and on-shore AIC has the ability to update its knowledge bases before and after the end of the monitoring procedure (checking SRS and AtoN) at the port berth using wired communication channels or wireless access channels (Wi-Fi), as well as using a transferable carrier ( USB stick).

In FIG. Figure 4 shows the composition of complex 1, which includes on-site CTS (1.1.1, 1.2.1, …, 1. i .1, … 1. n .1), AIK (1.1.2, 1.2.2, …, 1 .i .2, ... 1. n .2) and databases - (1.1.3, 1.2.3, ..., 1. i .3, ... 1. n .3) control of the movement of river vessels, the approach of aircraft (aircraft) for landing in the area of hydrodromes, as well as surface aircraft carriers with group and single-based aircraft (aircraft, including unmanned aerial vehicles).

The purpose and composition of each facility CTS, depending on the category and application, is different, but their unifying feature is the ability to emit signals from the radio or optical wave range, depending on the functions performed to control the movement of ships, as well as the possibility of both local (at the facility or location position) ), as well as remote control from the ECU DS in the areas of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the basins of the IWW of the Russian Federation via telecontrol channels.

The purpose of the on-site AIC is to carry out automated monitoring of the technical condition of the relevant communications equipment and navigation equipment. Object AICs are known from the NTD and are part of modern SRS (SNO) of the new generation as a built-in control subsystem, or are attached to the inherited SRS and SNS of the old fleet as additional metrological equipment, for example, in the form of an automated software and hardware complex for monitoring and diagnostics ( APAK KD) [5], which is part of the distributed monitoring subsystem of the ECU DS. At the same time, each on-site AIC is associated with tele-signaling channels controlled by the CTS for retrieving measurement information, as well as with an on-site database to keep it up to date.

The appointment of an object database as an object database is the storage of data on the reference values of the parameters of the CTS of communication and navigation equipment in accordance with the NTD, their operational and preventive tolerances, current (actual) values of the measured parameters of monitoring objects during the last check (including the results of instrumental control of the last maintenance), as well as issuing, upon request, this information to the on-site AIC or to the coastal AIC of the monitoring subsystem of the ECU DS in the areas of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the RF IWW basins.

Coastal automated measuring complex - 2 (Fig.4) consists of:

receiving unit 2.1, designed to receive telesignaling signals with measuring information from the onboard AIK monitoring tool in the VHF wavelength range. The receive block is known and described in [4]. It is assumed that the antenna systems of the corresponding wavelengths are included in the reception unit and in FIG. 4 not shown;

decoding unit 2.2, designed to decode the received telesignaling signals by methods adopted in radio communication systems. The decoding unit is known and described in [4];

operator console 2.3, designed to display the received measurement information from the on-site AIC included in the complex 1 of the on-site technical means and the AIC, as well as the on-board AIC on the monitoring tool, control the ground-based AIC and the movement of the monitoring tool during the express control procedure. The operator console may be represented by an automated workstation (AWS), for example, as shown in FIG. 7;

calculator 2.4, designed to determine and predict the type of technical condition of the monitoring object based on the performance of the functions of comparing the measurement information coming from the onboard AIC of the monitoring tool, the object 's output databases of SRS and AtoN and stored in the knowledge base of the coastal AIC. The calculator is known from the field of computer technology and is described in [4];

automatic radio direction finder 2.5 (ARF), designed for direction finding of a mobile monitoring tool at the time of operation of the transmitters of airborne radio stations. ARP is known and described in [4]. It is assumed that the antenna subsystem is part of the ATM and in FIG. 4 not shown;

bearing reading block 2.6, designed to interface the automatic radio direction finder 2.5 with the calculator 2.4 of the coastal AIK. The bearing reading block is known and described in [4];

block of trajectory measurements 2.7, designed to measure the angular coordinates of the location of the monitoring tool (BEVS) with the onboard AIC in the process of carrying out the express control procedure. The block of trajectory measurements is known and described in [4];

the knowledge base of the coastal AIC 2.8, designed to store data on the reference values of the parameters of the CTN (AtoN) in accordance with the NTD, their operational and preventive tolerances, the current (actual) values of the measured parameters of the monitored object during the last check (including the results of instrumental control last maintenance), the values of control errors (errors of the first and second kind) when using various television signaling channels (radio, wire, fiber optic), as well as algorithms for the express control procedure and scenarios for using monitoring tools (routes bypassing monitoring objects - SRS and CHO). The knowledge base is known from the field of computer science, described in [4] as a memory block;

remote control unit SRS and AtoN 2.9, designed to remotely control SRS and AtoN when they are turned on, change their operating modes (radiation), switch to a backup semi-set, turn off, as well as transmitting to them a request for up-to-date measurement information on technical condition parameters. Block 2.9 is known for a specific type of SRS and AtoN, described in [6] and can be used, for example, in the form of a family of equipment "Distance", "Distance-M", etc.;

monitoring tool control unit 2.10, designed to generate signals to control the movement of the monitoring tool - UEVS with onboard AIC for conducting express control procedures. Block 2.10 is known, used with a certain type of UEVS and is included in its composition, for example, as described in [4, 7];

coding block 2.11, designed to encode control information in the interests of the monitoring tool by methods adopted in radio communication systems. The encoding block is known and described in [4, 7];

block for transmitting control information 2.12, designed to transmit control information via telecontrol channels "TU" to the monitoring facility in the VHF range of waves. Block 2.12 is known and described in [4, 7]. It is assumed that the antenna subsystems of the corresponding wavelengths are part of the control information transmission unit 2.12 and in FIG. 4 are not shown.

At the same time, in the coastal AIC 2, the output of the receiving unit 2.1 is connected to the decoding unit 2.2, the first input of which is connected to the input of the calculator of the same name, and the second to the input of the operator's console 2.3. The trajectory measurements unit 2.7 (input 2), the operator console 2.3 through the knowledge base 2.8 (input 3) and directly (input 4), as well as ARP 2.5 through the reading unit 2.6 (input 5) are respectively connected to the inputs of the calculator. The output of the calculator "Save" is fed to the input of the same name of the knowledge base 2.8, the output "BZ" of which is connected to the input of the operator's console 2.3, which, in turn, is connected to control information transmission unit 2.12 in the interests of controlling the movement of the monitoring tool, and the output "TU SNO" with the remote control unit SRS and SNO 2.9. This block through the group of outputs "TU" (remote control), and the knowledge base 2.8 through the group of inputs "TS" (telesignaling) are connected respectively to the inputs of the CTS of communication or AtoN 1.1.1, 1.2.1, ..., 1. i .1, ... 1. n .1 and object outputs of CPC or CHO databases 1.1.3, 1.2.3, …, 1. i .3, … 1. n .3.

The on-board AIC of the monitoring tool - 3 consists (Fig. 4) of:

block of replaceable modules of radio receivers of measuring signals 3.1, intended for installation on lamellas of replaceable modules for receiving radio signals of various wave ranges emitted by controlled means of communication and aids to navigation. Block 3.1 has its own design with the corresponding weight and size indicators, which depend on the number of modules (boards) used in the monitoring procedure, corresponding to the volume of monitoring and its depth, which forms the payload for each type of monitoring tool. Structurally, block 3.1 consists of: a module for receiving signals in the medium frequency range (MF) 3.1.1, a module for receiving signals in the high frequency range (HF) 3.1.2, a module for receiving signals in the very high frequency range (VHF) 3.1.3, a module receiving signals in the range of ultra-high frequencies (UHF) 3.1.4, the module for receiving signals in the range of ultra-high frequencies (SHF) 3.1.5 (these wave bands are used in the global maritime distress communication system (GMDSS) - GMDSS). The block of replaceable modules of radio receivers of measuring signals 3.1 may also include other modules of radio receivers of measuring signals of the SRS and AtoN equipment, depending on the composition of the communication system and AtoN in specific areas in the areas of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the RF GDP basins, the purpose of a hydrodrome, a helipad on water ships and its categories, etc. Modules of radio receivers of measuring signals 3.1.1, 3.1.2, ..., 3.1. i , …, 3.1. n are known from [3, 4, 8], consist of antennas and boards for complex technical control of radio stations of various wavelengths, and can be built on the example of the structure of hardware technical control of the family of equipment of the mobile technical control complex (MKTK), manufactured by JSC "NII" Etalon " [9]. It is assumed that antenna systems of different wavelengths are part of the replaceable modules of the radio receivers of the measuring signals and in Fig. 4 not shown;

control unit 3.2, designed to perform the functions of comparing measurement information in the form of SRS and AtoN signals received from the modules of the block of replaceable modules of radio receivers of measuring signals 3.1 of various wavelengths and reference information about radio signals stored in the knowledge base of the onboard AIC 3.3, as well as determining the type of technical state of control objects based on the results of this comparison. The control unit is known and described, for example, in the form of an automated hardware-software complex for monitoring and diagnostics (APAK KD) [5];

the knowledge base of the on-board AIC 3.3, designed to store data on the reference values of parameters controlled by SRS and AtoN, in accordance with the NTD, their operational and preventive tolerances, current values of the measured parameters of control objects during the previous check (including the results of instrumental control of the last technical maintenance and repair), values of control errors of the first and second kind, as well as algorithms for express control technology. The knowledge base is known from the field of computer science and is described in [4] as a memory block;

barometric altimeter 3.4, designed to calculate the height above sea level during measurements on the system of navigable canal locks in the process of controlling the monitoring tool by the operator. It refers to a navigation device, known and described in [2, 4, 7, 8];

high-resolution transmitting video camera 3.5, designed for video filming of elements of AtoN navigation lights in the areas of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the basins of the RF GDP day and night. Cameras of this type are known, widely used in unmanned vehicles and are described in [2, 4, 7, 8];

a receiver of signals of a satellite navigation system 3.6, designed to receive satellite navigation signals (SNS) when the operator controls the monitoring tool. Such receivers are known and widely used in aviation, marine and river fleets, including NEVS, are described in [2, 4, 7, 8]. It is assumed that the antenna subsystem is part of the SNA 3.6 signal receiver and in FIG. 4 not shown;

coding block 3.7, designed to encode measurement information by methods adopted in radio communication systems. It is known and described in [4];

measurement information transmission unit 3.8, designed to transmit AI from the onboard AIC to the monitoring tool in the interests of the coastal AIC. Block 3.8 is known as a VHF radio transmitter and is described in [5]. It is assumed that the antenna subsystem is part of block 3.8 and in FIG. 4 not shown;

VHF transceiver 3.9, designed to receive control information from the coastal AIK in the interests of both the onboard AIK and the movement control of the monitoring facility, as well as to emit signals in the range of the ARP. VHF transceiver is known and described in [5]. It is assumed that the antenna subsystem is included in its composition and in FIG. 4 not shown;

decoding unit 3.10, designed to decode the telecontrol signals received from the coastal AIK by the monitoring tool using the methods adopted in radio communication systems. Block 3.10 is known and described in [4].

In this case, the outputs of modules 3.1.1, 3.1.2, …, 3.1 .i , …, 3.1. n of the block of replaceable modules of receivers of measuring signals 3.1, are connected by means of the group of inputs "Meas. inf." (measuring information) with a control unit 3.2, the output "BZ" (Knowledge Base) and the input "Etalon" of which go to the input and output of the knowledge base of the same name onboard AIK 3.3, and the output "TS" - to the input of the coding unit 3.7, the other inputs of which connected to a 3.4 barometric altimeter, a 3.5 high-resolution video camera and a 3.6 satellite navigation system signal receiver. In turn, the output of the encoding unit 3.7 is connected to the measurement information transmission unit 3.8, and the outputs of the VHF transceiver 3.9 are fed to the input of the decoding unit 3.10, the first and second outputs of which are connected, respectively, to the input "TU" of the control unit 3.2 and to the input of the monitoring tool control subsystem ( not shown in Fig. 4). Moreover, the knowledge base 3.3 of the on-board AIC on the monitoring tool and the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC are equipped with “Updating” inputs/outputs, which are designed to keep up-to-date data on the technical condition of the controlled SRS and AtoN by synchronizing them with the results of current and previous checks and instrumental control in the process of maintenance and repair of monitoring objects.

The proposed system operates in four modes:

in preparation for monitoring;

in failure detection mode (pre-failure state);

in the mode of failure recognition and failure location identification;

in the mode of processing the results of monitoring and preparing reports.

The mode of preparation for monitoring is carried out onshore before the start of the inspection. At the same time, in the coastal AIK 2 ECU DS in the areas of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the basins of the GDP of the Russian Federation, using the operator's console 2.3, they update the conditions for monitoring by assessing the situation of monitoring (season, day, precipitation, cloudiness, wind, severity of waves of the water surface, external influences and other destabilizing factors). From the selected monitoring area, by entering (recording) the geographical coordinates of the points of placement of navigational equipment and communication facilities through the input "BZ" in the knowledge base 2.8, determine: the scope of monitoring in the form of communication facilities and aids to be verified, the depth of monitoring in the form of numerical values of their parameters available for remote control, monitoring accuracy in the form of assigned operating tolerances for parameters in accordance with the technical documentation and preventive tolerances calculated during the previous maintenance or repair procedure. The procedure for assigning operational tolerances and determining preventive tolerances for the parameters of operation of the SRS and AtoN selected for the remote express control procedure is described in [10, 11]. Moreover, the actual measuring information about the technical condition of the SRS and AtoN enters the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC from the object databases 1.1.3, 1.2.3, ..., 1. i .3, ..., 1. n .3 SrS and AtoN 1 through a group TS input. Further, using the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC, the necessary reliability of monitoring is established in the form of control error values (errors of the first and second kind) in accordance with various conditions for the monitoring procedure. Based on the given volume and depth of monitoring, the knowledge base 2.8 generates a report on the required payload of the onboard AIC in the form of a list of replaceable modules for measurement information receivers 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, ..., 3.1. i , …, 3.1. n airborne AIK 3 on the monitoring tool. Taking into account the weight and size indicators of the generated payload of the onboard AIC, the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC generates recommendations for choosing the type of monitoring tool. Taking into account the assessment of the situation, the composition of the controlled means of communication and aids to navigation, the list of their controlled parameters, as well as the type of monitoring tool and the technology for taking measurements in the monitoring process [2-4, 7, 12], using a geographic information system (GIS), plan a route to bypass the elements of the system communication and AtoN, as well as points for measurements on it. After completing the onboard AIC with replaceable measuring modules and preparing the monitoring tool for carrying out the monitoring procedure at the NEVS berth, through the “Updating” output of the knowledge base 2.8 of the onshore AIC and the same name input of the knowledge base 3.3 of the onboard AIC, the monitoring tools update the data generated in the knowledge base 2.8 of the onshore AIC at performing the mode of preparation for monitoring, providing real-time mode.

The failure detection mode (pre-failure state) is carried out by the system for monitoring the technical condition of communications and navigation equipment during the monitoring procedure by bypassing them by the UEVS in accordance with the route of movement. In this case, the radio band signals emitted by SRS and AtoN 1.1, 1.2, ..., 1. i , ..., 1. n (Fig. 4) are received by signal receiving modules 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, ..., 3.1. i , …, 3.1. n a block of replaceable modules for measuring signal receivers 3.1 of various ranges, and the optical radiation of AtoN navigation lights - by a high-resolution transmitting video camera 3.5. From the outputs of the modules for receiving radio signals 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, ..., 3.1. i , …, 3.1. n the current information of the measured parameters СрС and СНО comes through the group input “Change. inf." to the control unit 3.2, where, at its request, through the output “BZ” from the knowledge base 3.5 of the on-board AIC, the reference values of the parameters of the controlled SRS and AtoN are received to another input “Etalon” for comparison and determination of their type of technical condition. Moreover, the comparison of the current and reference values of the controlled parameters of the SRS and AtoN occurs taking into account both the operational tolerances provided for by the technical documentation for the objects of control, and the preventive tolerances [10, 11] calculated during the preparation mode in the onshore AIK 2 based on the results of the previous maintenance and updated with the knowledge base of the on-board AIC before the current check. To increase the efficiency of express control during monitoring and reduce the volume of measurement information stored in knowledge bases and transmitted from the onboard AIK 3 to the onshore AIK 2, the procedure for comparing the current and reference values of the parameters in the control unit 3.2 is carried out using wavelet coefficients using wavelet analysis methods [13, 14]. The sequence of application of the wavelet analysis method in the procedure for express control of the state of the CRS and CHO is shown in Fig. 5. As a result of processing and comparing the current and reference values of the parameters of the controlled CPS and AtoN in the control unit 3.2, the type of the technical condition of the monitoring object is determined in accordance with the probabilistic graph shown in FIG. 6. From the control unit 3.2, the type of technical condition of the controlled SRS (SNO) through the output "BZ" is stored in the knowledge base 3.5 of the onboard AIK and through the output "TS" enters the coding unit 3.7, the other inputs of which receive information from the barometric altimeter 3.4, which transmits high-resolution video camera 3.5 and a receiver of SNS signals to fix the point of measurement of the parameter. After encoding, this information enters the measurement information transmission unit 3.8 and is emitted into free space in the coastal AIC. At the same time, during monitoring, if the control unit 3.2, in accordance with the probabilistic graph for determining the type of technical condition shown in Fig. 6, the state of the SRS (AtoN) is determined according to class “5” (the system is operational, recognized as operational) and according to class “4” (the system has failed, the failure has been detected and recognized), then not all measurement information available to the express control is broadcast on the coastal AIC, but only formalized signal "Normal" (class "5") or "Accident" (class "4"). In some special cases, at the request of the operator of the ECU DS monitoring subsystem to offload radio channels, the formalized signal "Normal" may also not be emitted into free space. And only if the control unit 3.2 has determined a failure or a pre-failure state of the monitored SRS and AtoN, a formalized signal about a violation of their operability will be broadcast in the onshore AIC, or at the request of the operator of the monitoring subsystem of the ECU DS, all available onboard AIC measurement information on this monitoring object will be broadcast.

The mode of recognition of failure and identification of the place of failure is carried out by the system for monitoring the technical condition of communication facilities and navigation equipment in the coastal AIK 2 (Fig. 4) taking into account the measurement information coming from the onboard AIK 3 and the object AIK SRS and AtoN of the area of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the IWW basins RF. At the same time, telesignaling signals in the form of formalized measuring information emitted into free space by the measurement information transmission unit 3.8 of the onboard AIC 3 of the monitoring tool enter the coastal AIC 2 at the input of the reception unit 2.1, are decoded in the decoding unit 2.2 by methods adopted in radio communication systems, and then transmitted to the operator's console 2.3 and to the first input of the calculator 2.4. In the calculator, there is a stage of recognizing a failure (pre-failure state) of a controlled communication facility (CHO), as well as predicting the type of technical condition of the control object based on the performance of the functions of comparing measurement information, on the one hand, coming to its first input from the onboard AIC 3 of the monitoring tool through blocks 2.1 and 2.2, to the second input from the block of trajectory measurements 2.7 of the location of the monitoring tool, to the fifth input from the bearing reading block 2.6, which receives measurement information from the automatic radio direction finder 2.5, operating synchronously with the VHF transceiver 3.9 of the onboard AIK of the monitoring tool, and on the other side of the measurement information, coming through the third input from the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC with the actual values of the parameters of the controlled SRS (SNO) 1.1, 1.2, ..., 1. i , ..., 1. n of the area of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the basins of the RF GDP. The synchronism of the performance of the functions of comparing the values of CRS and AtoN in the calculator 2.4, as well as saving the results of the comparison and displaying the type of technical condition of the monitored object is ensured using the operator's console 2.3 through the input/output "BZ" associated with the knowledge base 2.8 and through the fourth input with the calculator 2.4, as well as through its third input and output "Save", associated with the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC 2. The procedures for monitoring each individual means of communication or AtoN, as well as the procedure for processing measurement information on the shore are described in detail in the test methods in the prototype [2- four]. The provision of real-time mode by the proposed device for monitoring the technical condition of communication facilities and navigation equipment of the SRS and AtoN when updating the measurement information on the objects of control at the current time during the test is also carried out from the operator's console 2.3 through the output "TU AtoN" used to turn on the remote control unit. control of SRS and AtoN 2.9 with telecontrol by means of a group of exits "TU" controlled by the KTS of communications (AtoN) 1.1.1, 1.2.1, ..., 1. i .1, ..., 1. n .1 of block 1 of the area of waterways and navigation of administrations basins of the GDP of the Russian Federation. In this case, in the event that the calculator 2.4 issues a type of technical condition other than operational, the transfer of the controlled communication facility (CHO) to the backup semi-set is carried out automatically or manually upon request from the operator's console. The option of automatic or manual activation of the reserve is described in [15]. After the transfer of the emergency communications or aids to the backup semi-set, also through the operator's console 2.3, the remote control unit for communications and navigation equipment 2.9 and the group of outputs "TU", the control information is sent to the complex of technical communications (ACS) 1.1.1, 1.2.1, …, 1. i .1, …, 1. n .1 of block 1 with a request for instrumental control of the failed SRS (SNO) by the facility AIC 1.1.2, 1.2.2, …, 1. i .2, …, 1. n .2. The measurement information obtained during the instrumental control of the emergency semi-set of the CTS (AtoC) is stored in the object database 1.1.3, 1.2.3, ..., 1. i .3, ..., 1. n .3, from the output of which it enters the group input "TS" of the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC and through the input / output "BZ" is displayed on the operator's console 2.3. Depending on the results of the instrumental control, the operator of the monitoring subsystem (DSS) makes a decision to make the necessary adjustments in the emergency communication CTS (AtoN), for example, increasing the radiated power, adjusting the orientation of the emitting antenna, making other adjustments or completely replacing failed units, boards and typical elements replacements (TEZ) from the composition of a single (SPTA-O) or group (SPTA-G) set of spare parts and accessories at SRS (SNO). In the event of the necessary adjustments of the output parameters of the emergency SRS (SNO) or current repairs using the TEZ from the ZIP-O (ZIP-G) during the ongoing check from the operator's console 2.3 through the output "TU" in the control unit of the monitoring tool 2.10, a command is sent to changing its route of movement during the monitoring procedure with a repeated bypass of the emergency SRS (AtoN) after the adjustments made (current repairs). This command is encoded in a formalized form by the coding unit 2.11 using methods adopted in radio communication systems, and through the control information transmission unit 2.12 it is emitted into free space in the form of “TU” signals, which are received by the VHF transceiver 3.9 of the onboard AIK on the monitoring tool and then through the decoding unit 3.10 come to the BEVS control subsystem (not shown in Fig. 4), as well as through the input "TU" to the control unit 3.2 of the onboard AIC to turn on the program for the repeated procedure of express control (checking) of the specified CPC (SNO). Further, the operation of the device is carried out in the failure detection mode.

The mode of processing the results of monitoring and preparation of various types of reports and measurement protocols is carried out onshore upon completion of the check. At the same time, after mooring a vessel with an onboard AIK 3 to the BEVS berth using ground communication channels (Wi-Fi) or on an alienable carrier (USB drive) through the “Updating” output of the knowledge base 3.3 of the onboard AIK of the monitoring tool and the same-name input of the knowledge base 2.8 of the onshore AIC update it in order to preserve not only the type of technical condition of emergency SRS and AtoN, but also all available measurement information for each monitoring object during the inspection, providing a soft real time mode. According to the measurement information stored in the knowledge base 2.8 of the coastal AIC from the operator's console 2.3 through the input/output "BZ", the initial data is corrected for subsequent checks according to the program of the mode of preparation for monitoring. This measurement information is also important for its use in simulation models of the monitoring subsystem of the ECU DS of the area of waterways and navigation of the administrations of the RF IWW basins [12]. Also, the mode of processing the results of monitoring ends with the printing of test protocols.

The claimed system can be applied:

when putting communications and AtoN into operation;

during periodic scheduled verifications of SRS and AtoN and during their maintenance (instrumental control);

in case of unscheduled verifications of SRS and AtoN related to the comments (complaints) of ship captains on the incorrect functioning of AtoN, as well as in case of impacts on the communication system and AtoN of an artificial and natural nature (technogenic disasters, hurricanes, etc.);

in the development and testing of new models of communication and aids to navigation, landing systems and radio navigation systems for manned and unmanned aircraft, land and sea-based;

when performing research work in the field of improving communications and aids to navigation and increasing their efficiency of functioning;

with advanced training of river and sea fleet specialists.

The proposed invention was created by specialists of the Department of Navigation on Inland Waterways and the Scientific Center of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of the Sea and River Fleet named after Admiral S.O. Makarov" as part of the research work. Experimental studies and calculations were made that showed the possibility of using the claimed system for monitoring the technical condition of coastal and floating navigation and telecommunications equipment of inland waterways of the Russian Federation, as well as in ports and coastal sea areas, including areas with intensive navigation.

The foregoing allows us to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Sources of information:

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3. Radio beacons of the radio engineering system of short-range navigation. Flight test methods. GOST 26904-86. IPK. Standards Publishing House. 1997.

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8. Raev A.A., Voronik V.I., Kononenko A.V., Kuznetsov M.M. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles in assessing the characteristics of air defense systems // Bulletin of the Aerospace Defense. 2017. No. 2 (14). pp. 45-48.

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Claims (1)

The system for monitoring the technical condition of communication facilities (CRS) and navigation equipment (SNO), containing: a coastal automated measuring complex (AMC), consisting of a receiving unit connected to a decoding unit, one output of which is connected to the operator's console, and the second to the first input of the calculator , the second input of which is connected to the block of trajectory measurements, the third input - to the knowledge base, the fourth input - to the operator's console, and the fifth - to the bearing reading block, the input of which is connected to the output of the automatic radio direction finder, while the "Save" output of the calculator is connected to the input knowledge base (KB), "KB", the input of which is connected to the output of the operator's console of the same name; and placed on board the monitoring tool (SRM) on-board AIC, consisting of a block of replaceable modules of radio receivers of measuring signals, a module of a transceiver for signals of a range-finding radio navigation beacon, a module for receiving signals of an azimuth radio navigation beacon, a barometric altimeter, a high-resolution transmitting video camera, a receiver of signals from a satellite navigation system, connected to the coding unit connected to the measurement information transmission unit and the VHF transceiver, characterized in that a remotely controlled unmanned watercraft (REV) was used as a RMS, the onboard AIC of which additionally includes: a control unit, a knowledge base and a decoding unit, and the unit of replaceable modules of radio receivers of measuring signals, modules for receiving SRS and AtoN signals of various wave bands allocated for communication on the inland waterways of the Russian Federation (VVP RF) and the maritime mobile service are additionally included, and the outputs of the module for receiving SRS and AtoN signals are connected to the input of the control unit, in turn, the coastal AIC additionally includes: a remote control unit for SRS and AtoN, a SPM control unit, a coding unit, a control information unit, while each SRS and AtoN is additionally equipped with an object complex technical means (CTS) and AIC, coupled with the AIC of the administrations of the inland waterways of the Russian Federation (VVP RF), connected to the databases located on the shore, and the output of the operator’s console of the coastal AIC is connected through the output of the “TU (telecontrol) ATS” with the remote control unit control of SRS and SNO, and through the output "TU SPM", the control unit SPM and the coding unit with the control information transmission unit, while the remote control unit SRS and SNO is connected through the group of outputs "TU" with the corresponding remotely controlled object CTS SRS and SNO, the databases of which are connected by TS (telesignalization) channels to the group of inputs "TS" of the knowledge base of the coastal AIC, with e In addition, the knowledge base of the onshore AIC has an “Updating” output connected to the “Updating” input of the knowledge base of the onboard AIC for updating the data generated in the knowledge base of the onshore AIC.

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