RU2774222C1 - Method for identifying vehicles when passing checkpoints and a device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: traffic management.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of transport flow control systems. The device implementing the proposed method contains equipment and transponders placed on vehicles and ground urban transport. The equipment installed at each control point contains a scanner, the first and second control units, the first and second frequency synthesizers of the first and second radio bands, the first and second frequency synthesizers of the first and second ultrasonic bands, an adder, a duplexer, a transceiver antenna, a power amplifier, a timer, radiation receivers, decoding units, an interface, a digital computing machine, an information display unit, a system of means for detaining the target vehicles, network channels of information systems and a unit for displaying violations of the ground urban transport schedule. The transponder installed on each vehicle contains a piezo crystal, a microstrip transceiver antenna, a comb system of electrodes, and a set of reflectors. The transponder installed on each ground urban transport vehicle contains a piezo crystal, a microstrip transceiver antenna, a comb system of electrodes, a bus, a set of reflectors.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of vehicle identification is achieved.

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Description

The proposed method and device related to the field of control systems for the flow of vehicles, identifying those declared for search, in particular, cars, as well as the implementation of the traffic schedule by ground urban transport (buses, trolleybuses and trams).

Known methods and devices for vehicle identification .573, 2.351.489, 2.478.232, U.S. Patent Nos. 6.149.204, 6.415.536, French Patents No. 2.663.892, 2.663.893, 2.723.899, German Patents No. 3.922.606, Japanese Patents No. 52-035.040 , 2001-097.251; Ilyukhin R. Anti-theft marking - "Behind the wheel", No. 12, 1992.- P. 6, etc.).

Of the known methods and devices, the closest to the proposed ones are the “Method for identifying vehicles and identifying vehicles declared for search when passing checkpoints and a device for its implementation” (RF patent No. 2.478.232, G08G 1 (017, 2011), which are selected as prototypes.

In a known method for identifying vehicles (V) and identifying vehicles declared for search, when passing the vehicle through checkpoints, the codes of the signals received at the checkpoints are compared with the codes declared during the search for the vehicle, and based on the results of the comparison, a decision is made to detain. Transponders are placed on the vehicle that correspond to the state number of the vehicle. Checkpoints are equipped with scanners. The device that implements the method contains an ultrasonic emitter, a radio signal emitter, radiation receivers and a decoding unit at the control point. The vehicle has conveyors, which are used as a piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers deposited on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to the state number of the vehicle in the radio and ultrasonic ranges, and one common set of reflectors, while each transducer contains a comb system electrodes interconnected by tires connected to one common microstrip antenna, also deposited on the surface of the piezocrystal.

However, the potential of the known method and device is not fully utilized. They can also be used to control the schedule of ground urban transport (buses, trolleybuses, trams, fixed-route taxis). Many residents of cities have encountered in their daily lives cases of violations of the schedule of ground urban transport. This is due to various reasons, including the human factor.

The technical objective of the invention is to expand the functionality of the known method and device for the control point of the land urban transport schedule.

The problem is solved by the fact that the method of identifying vehicles when passing checkpoints, which consists in comparing the codes of the signals received at the checkpoints in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges with the codes of the cars declared for search and, based on the results of the comparison, a decision is made to detain. At the same time, transponders are placed on vehicles, which are used as a piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers deposited on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to the state number of the vehicle in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges. The transducers are supplied with a common set of reflectors and connected to a common microstrip transceiver antenna, and the control points are equipped with scanners, in which a set of harmonic oscillations is formed in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, vehicles are irradiated with them when they pass the control points in a continuous-cyclic mode, they receive harmonic oscillations at two frequencies, which belong to the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, respectively, convert them into two acoustic waves, ensure their propagation over the surface of the piezocrystal and reverse reflection, convert the reflected acoustic waves back into electromagnetic signals with phase manipulation, the internal structure of which corresponds to the structure interdigital converters, re-emit them on the air, receive them with checkpoint scanners and carry out synchronous detection of complex signals with phase shift keying, highlighting codes corresponding to state numbers vehicles, differs from the closest analogue in that the checkpoints are located at the stops of ground urban transport, transponders are placed on ground public transport, which are also used as a piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers deposited on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to the type of ground urban transport and the number of its route in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, while the transducers are also provided with a common set of reflectors and connected to a common microwave transceiver antenna, and in the scanners a set of harmonic oscillations is formed in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, they irradiate the ground urban transport, when it is at stops in a pulsed mode corresponding to the timetable for ground urban transport, receive harmonic oscillations at two frequencies, which belong to the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, respectively, convert them into acoustic waves, ensure their propagation over the surface of the crystal and return reflection, convert the reflected acoustic waves back into electromagnetic signals with phase shift keying, the internal structure of which corresponds to the structure of the interdigital transducers, re-emit them into the air, receive them by scanners of control points , carry out synchronous detection of complex signals with phase shift keying, isolating codes corresponding to the type of ground urban transport and the number of its route, compare the time and codes received at control points, signals in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges with the established traffic schedule and judge based on the results of the comparison on the implementation of the established schedule for the movement of ground urban transport.

The problem is solved by the fact that the device for identifying vehicles when passing checkpoints, containing, in accordance with the closest analogues, equipment installed at each checkpoint and including a scanner and 2n signal processing channels, and transponders installed on each vehicle, while the scanner consists of the first control unit connected in series, the first radio frequency synthesizer, the adder, the other inputs of which are connected through the first ultrasonic frequency synthesizer to the output of the first control unit, the duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna, and the amplified power, the output of which is connected with inputs of 2n signal processing channels, each of which is connected from a series-connected radiation receiver and a decoding unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the adder, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the interface, the outputs of which are connected to a digital computer bus, the outputs of which are connected to the information display unit, the system of means for detaining the desired vehicles and the network channels of the information systems, the first radio frequency synthesizer consists of n radio signal emitters; the new ultrasonic frequency synthesizer consists of n ultrasonic emitters; a piezocrystal with deposited on its surface by two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers, the structure of which corresponds to the state number of the vehicle in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, and by one common set of reflectors, each transducer contains a comb system of electrodes interconnected by buses connected to one a common microstrip transceiver antenna, also deposited on the surface of the piezocrystal, differs from the closest analogue in that the control points are located at ground public transport stops, on Each ground urban transport has a transponder, the interdigital converters of which correspond to the type of ground public transport and the number of its route, each scanner is equipped with a timer, a second control unit, a second radio frequency synthesizer, and a second ultrasonic frequency synthesizer, and the following are connected in series to the output of the timer: the second control unit and the second synthesizer of the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, the outputs of which are connected to the adder, the equipment installed at the control points is equipped with 2p signal processing channels, each of which consists of a radiation receiver connected in series and a decoding unit, the second input of which is connected to the output adder, the output of the timer is connected to the interface, to the output of a digital computer, displaying violations of the schedule of land urban transport.

The block diagram of the equipment installed at each control point is shown in Fig. 1. Functional diagram of transponders installed on vehicles is shown in Fig. 2. The functional diagram of the transponders installed on the surface urban transport is shown in Fig. 3.

The equipment installed at each control point contains the first control unit 2 connected in series, the first radio frequency synthesizer 3, the adder 7, the other outputs of which are connected through the first ultrasonic frequency synthesizer 4 to the output of the first control unit 2, the timer 29 connected in series, the second unit 30 control, the second radio frequency synthesizer 5, the adder 7, the other input of which is connected through the second ultrasonic frequency synthesizer 6 to the output of the second control unit 30, the input-output duplexer 8 of which is connected to the transceiver antenna 9, the power amplifier 10 and 2n (2p) signal processing channels, each of which consists of a series-connected radiation receiver 11.i (32.k) and a decoding unit 12.i (33.k), the second input of which is connected to the output of the adder 7, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the interface 13, outputs connected to a digital computer 14, the outputs of which are connected respectively with a display unit 15, a system 16 of the means of detaining the desired vehicles, network channels 17 of the information system and a unit 31 for displaying violations of the schedule of land urban transport (i=1,2, ..., 2u, ..., 2p, of which n, p are radio signal receivers , ultrasonic receivers, respectively).

Each radio frequency synthesizer 3(5) contains 3.i (5.k) emitters of radio signals (i=1.2,…n, i, k=1.2,…,p). Each synthesizer 4(6) frequencies of the ultrasonic range contains 4.i(6.k) ultrasonic radiation (i=1.2,…n, u, k=1.2,…,p).

The first 2 and second 30 control units, the first 3 and second 5 radio frequency synthesizers, the first 4 second 6 ultrasonic frequency synthesizers, the adder 7, the duplexer 8, the transceiver antenna 9, the power amplifier 10 and the timer 29 form a scanner 1. The output of the timer 29 is connected with the corresponding interface input 13.

Transponders are installed on each vehicle, which are piezocrystal 18.j with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers (ITT) applied on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to the state number of the vehicle in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges. The first IDT is designed for processing signals in the radio range and contains a comb system of electrodes 20.j and 21.j. The electrodes of each comb are interconnected by tires 22.j and 23.j. The second IDT is intended for signal processing in the ultrasonic range and contains a comb system of electrodes 24.j and 25.j. The electrodes of each comb are interconnected by tires 26.j and 21.j. Tires 22.j, 23.j, 26.j and 21.j of the two IDTs are connected to one common microstrip antenna 19.j. The first and second IDTs are provided with one common set of 28j reflectors (j=1,2,..., m, where m is the number of transponders).

On each ground urban transport (bus, trolleybus, tram, fixed-route taxi), transponders are installed, which are used as a 34.γ piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers (ITTs) deposited on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to the type of ground urban transport and the number of his route of movement, in which in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges. The first IDT is intended for signal processing in the second radio band and contains a comb system of electrodes 36.γ and 37.γ. The electrodes of each comb are interconnected by tires 38.γ and 39.γ. The second IDT is intended for signal processing in the second ultrasonic range and contains a comb system of electrodes 40.γ and 41.γ. The electrodes of each comb are interconnected by tires 42.γ and 43.γ tires 38.γ, 39.γ, 42.γ, and 43.γ of two IDTs are connected to one common microstrip antenna 35.γ. The first and second IDTs are equipped with one common set 44.γ of reflectors (γ=1,2,…,1, where 1 is the number of transponders).

The device that implements the proposed method works as follows.

At each checkpoint, with the help of the first control unit 2, the first radio frequency synthesizer 3, consisting of 3.i emitters, and the first ultrasonic frequency synthesizer 4, consisting of 4.i emitters (i=1,2, ... n), are launched, which operate in a continuous cycle. With the help of the second control unit 30, the second synthesizer 5 frequencies of the radio range, consisting of 5.k emitters, and the second synthesizer 6 frequencies of the ultrasonic range, consisting of 6.k emitters (K = 1,2, ..., p), which operate in pulse mode. This mode is determined by the schedule of land urban transport and is controlled by timer 29.

Synthesizers of 3, 4, 5 and 6 frequencies sequentially form harmonic oscillations in the first and second radio bands and in the first and second ultrasonic bands, respectively:

which, through the adder 7 and duplexer 8, sequentially enter the transceiver antenna 9 and, in a continuous-cyclic mode and in a pulsed mode, irradiate vehicles and ground urban transport when passing the control point.

Vehicle-mounted transponders pick up harmonic oscillations whose frequencies correspond to the IDT tuning frequencies and, using the IDT, convert them into acoustic waves. The IDT tuning frequencies are determined by the number of electrodes and their step d (the distance between the electrodes). Acoustic waves propagate along the surface of the piezocrystal 18.j, are reflected from a set of reflectors 28.j and converted by the IDT into electromagnetic signals with phase shift keying (PSK) (j=1, 2,…, m):

where ϕ _k1 (t)={0,π} is the keyed phase component, reflecting the phase shift keying law in accordance with the modulating code M _i (t), which is determined by the state number of the vehicle, which are sequentially emitted by the microstrip transceiver antenna 19.j on the air , are caught by the transceiver antenna 9 of the control point and through the duplexer 8 and the power amplifier 10 are fed to the signal processing channels, consisting of a series-connected receiver 11.i and a decoding unit 12.i, the second input of which is connected to the output of the adder 7 (i=1, 2 ,…, 2n). At the outputs of decoding blocks 12.i, low-frequency voltages are formed:

where V _H1i (t)=1/2V _5i ⋅V _li ;

V _H2i (t)=1/2V _6i ⋅V _2i ,

proportional to the modulating code M _i (t) (state number of the vehicle). The specified low-frequency voltage through the interface 13 is fed to the inputs of the digital computer 14, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the information display unit 15, the system 16 of the means of detention of the desired vehicles and the network channels 17 of the information system. The low-frequency voltages u _H1i (t) and u _H2i (t) in the digital computer 14 are compared with the codes of the vehicles claimed for search, and based on the results of the comparison, a decision is made to detain the observed vehicle. If, under interference conditions, any of the channels fails, then the true identification code is restored due to the complex processing of the signals of two "multi-color" channels by duplicating them. Checkpoints with the specified equipment are located permanently on the required sections of roads, as well as mobile patrol (search) vehicles, aircraft, and even in portable backpacks. With the help of mobile checkpoints, along with moving and standing cars, both open (radio) and closed (light metal garage, van, container and other objects transparent to ultrasound) parking lots can be inspected. When all vehicles are equipped with the proposed system, the absence of a transponder on any of them, i.e. re-emission of the probing signal will also be a sign for his detention and inspection.

Transponders installed on urban land transport (cars, trolleybuses, trams, fixed-route taxis) pick up harmonic oscillations, u _3k (t) and u _4k (t) (k = 1,2, ..., p) frequencies that correspond to the IDT tuning frequencies and using the IDT convert them into acoustic waves. Acoustic waves propagate along the surface of the piezocrystal 34.γ, are reflected from a set of reflectors 44.γ and converted by the IDT into electromagnetic signals with phase shift keying (PSK) (γ=1,2,…,1):

where ϕ _k1 (t)={0, π} is the manipulated phase component, which reflects the law of phase manipulation in accordance with the modulating code M _γ (t), which is determined by the type of surface urban transport and the route number of its movement.

Voltages u _7γ (t) and u _8γ (t) (γ=1,2,…,1) are emitted by a microstrip transceiver antenna 35.γ on the air, are captured by the transceiver antenna 9 of the control point installed at the ground public transport stop, and through a duplexer 8 and power amplifier 10 are sent to signal processing channels consisting of receiver 32.k and decoding unit 33.k connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the output of adder 7 (k=1, 2,…,p).

At the outputs of decoding blocks 33.k, low-frequency voltages are generated:

where V _H3K =1/2⋅V _7γ ⋅V _3k

V _H4K =1/2⋅V _8γ ⋅V _4k

proportional to the modulating code M _γ (t) (the type of land urban transport and the route number of its movement).

The indicated low-frequency voltages and the current time from the output of the timer 29 through the interface 13 are fed to the inputs of the digital computer 14, the output of which is connected to the block 31 for displaying violations of the ground urban transport schedule.

If in the conditions of interference any of the channels fails, then the true code of violations of the urban ground transport schedule is fixed by block 31 due to the complex processing of the signals of the two "multi-color" channels of their double duplication.

Checkpoints for the implementation of the specified mode of movement are established at the stops of surface urban transport.

Thus, the proposed technical solutions, in comparison with prototypes and other technical solutions of a similar purpose, provide not only an increase in the economy and efficiency of identifying vehicles and identifying cars declared for search when they pass checkpoints, but also allow you to control the schedule of land urban transport. This is achieved by using passive transponders installed on vehicles and ground public transport, placing checkpoints at stops of ground public transport, as well as using complex phase-shift keying signals.

The main feature of passive transponders is their small dimensions and the absence of power sources, as well as resistance to thermal and mechanical influences.

Complex signals with phase shift keying have high energy and structural secrecy.

Thus, the functionality of the known method and device is extended.

Claims (2)

1. A method for identifying vehicles when passing checkpoints, which consists in comparing the codes of the signals received at the checkpoints in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges with the codes of the cars declared for search and, based on the results of the comparison, a decision is made to detain, while on the vehicles transponders are placed, which are used as a piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers deposited on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to the state number of the vehicle in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, the transducers are equipped with a common set of reflectors and connected to a common microstrip transceiver antenna, and checkpoints are equipped with scanners in which a set of harmonic oscillations is formed in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, vehicles are irradiated with them when they pass checkpoints in a continuous-cyclic mode, etc. they remove harmonic oscillations at two frequencies, which belong to the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, respectively, convert them into two acoustic waves, ensure their propagation over the surface of the piezocrystal and reverse reflection, convert the reflected acoustic waves back into electromagnetic signals with phase manipulation, the internal structure of which corresponds to the structure of interdigital converters, re-emit them on the air, receive them with checkpoint scanners and carry out synchronous detection of complex signals with phase shift keying, highlighting codes corresponding to the state numbers of vehicles, characterized in that checkpoints are located at stops of ground urban transport, on ground In urban transport, transponders are placed, which are also used as a piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers deposited on its surface, the structure of which corresponds to corresponds to the type of land urban transport and the number of its route in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, while the transducers are also provided with a common set of reflectors and connected to a common microstrip transceiver antenna, and in the scanners a set of harmonic oscillations is formed in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, irradiated them, ground urban transport, when it is at stops in a pulsed mode corresponding to the schedule of ground urban transport, receives harmonic oscillations at two frequencies that belong to the second radio and ultrasonic ranges, respectively, converts them into acoustic waves, and ensures their propagation over the surface of the crystal and back reflection, convert the reflected acoustic waves back into electromagnetic signals with phase shift keying, the internal structure of which corresponds to the structure of the interdigital transducers, re-emit them on the air, receive cont role points, carry out synchronous detection of complex signals with phase shift keying, allocate codes corresponding to the type of ground urban transport and the number of its route, compare the time and codes of signals received at control points in the second radio and ultrasonic ranges with the established traffic schedule and according to the comparison results judge on the fulfillment of the established schedule for the movement of ground urban transport. 2. A device for identifying vehicles when passing checkpoints, containing equipment installed at each checkpoint and including a scanner, 2n signal processing channels and transponders installed on each vehicle, while the scanner consists of the first control unit connected in series, the first frequency synthesizer radio band, an adder, the other inputs of which are connected through the first ultrasonic frequency synthesizer to the output of the first control unit, a duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to a transceiver antenna, and a power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the inputs of 2n signal processing channels, each of which consists of serially connected radiation receiver and a decoding unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the adder, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the interface, the outputs of which are connected to a digital computer, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the information display unit, by a system of means of detaining the desired vehicles and network channels of the information system, the first radio frequency synthesizer consists of n radio signal emitters, the first ultrasonic frequency synthesizer consists of n ultrasonic emitters, a piezocrystal with two aluminum thin-film interdigital transducers deposited on its surface is used as transponders, the structure of which corresponds to the state number of the vehicle in the first radio and ultrasonic ranges, and one common set of reflectors, while each transducer contains a comb system of electrodes interconnected by tires connected to one common microstrip transceiver antenna, also deposited on the surface of the piezocrystal, differing due to the fact that the control points are located at the stops of ground urban transport, each ground public transport has a transponder, the interdigital converters of which correspond to the type of land urban transport and the number of its route, each scanner is equipped with a timer, a second control unit, a second radio frequency synthesizer and a second ultrasonic frequency synthesizer, and the second control unit and the second synthesizer of the second radio and ultrasonic ranges are connected in series to the timer output, the outputs of which are connected to the adder, the equipment installed at the control points is equipped with 2p signal processing channels, each of which consists of a series-connected radiation receiver and a decoding unit, the second input of which is connected to the adder output, the timer output is connected to the interface, to the output of a digital computer a block for displaying violations of the urban ground transport schedule is connected.

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