RU2771965C1 - Method for aerial surveillance of ground (surface) objects for the purpose of surveying, meteorological and other types of support of launches (releases) of controlled air weapons using optoelectronic homing heads - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: surveillance.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for aerial surveillance of ground and surface objects with optoelectronic homing heads (HH) of controlled air weapons. For aerial surveillance of ground and surface objects, controlled air weapons (CAW) with optoelectronic HHs are suspended on the aerial vehicle(carrier), the weapon control system mode is selected by the operator and the image of the field of view of the HH is displayed on a multifunctional indicator, the object is located by moving the target coordinator in the image received from the HH, after the object is detected and recognised, the auto-tracking mode is activated, the received information is used in the interests of combat application or transmitted to the corresponding control points.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of surveillance of ground and surface objects.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of improving methods for searching ground and surface objects for the purpose of topogeodetic, meteorological and other types of support for the combat use of guided aircraft weapons (UASP).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed method (prototype) is a method of high-speed aerial reconnaissance [see. RF patent for the invention No. 2395782, IPC class. F41H 13/00 published on 07/27/2010] The essence of this reconnaissance method lies in the fact that aerial reconnaissance devices (systems for photographing the surface of the earth, systems that transmit the received photographic images to receiving computers, satellite positioning devices, ground object recognition devices) , are installed in a projectile (including a rocket) or a rocket, and the photographic system is used with the possibility of high-speed shooting. A reconnaissance projectile is launched (fired) from an artillery gun or from a rocket or other launcher. The receiving computer transforms images of the earth's surface into a panoramic image of the earth's surface along the entire trajectory of the projectile. Objects caught in the frames are recognized by classes with the help of special programs, their location is determined using a satellite positioning system.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the use of launchers of various types (launchers and artillery pieces), which are unmasking signs;

- the possibility of using photographic images to provide launches (drops) of the UASP is extremely small, since the trajectories of the reconnaissance projectiles on which the photographic equipment is located have a low trajectory height, which does not provide the necessary information content of the intelligence data obtained by this method;

- the use of a set of tools that ensure the operability of this method includes satellite positioning devices, which, most likely, will work unstably during the conduct of hostilities by the opposing sides, which will lead to the receipt of unreliable information in this way;

- the transmission of photographic images of the earth's surface and ground targets is carried out via a special data transmission line, which in the conditions of modern warfare and enemy information counteraction is an extremely undesirable option;

- this method of reconnaissance has low productivity and, in cases of large-scale hostilities, creates the prerequisites for a large consumption of reconnaissance shells.

There is another well-known method of optical reconnaissance with a telethermal imaging sight of a missile system launcher [see. RF patent for the invention No. 2564807, IPC class. F41G 7/00 published 10/10/2015]. Reconnaissance is carried out with the help of a telethermal imaging sight of the launcher of the missile system. The operator sets the right and left boundaries of the search sector relative to the launcher of the missile system, the two-coordinate search trajectory and the speed of the sight in the horizontal and vertical directions. The transfer of search and target detection to automatic mode is carried out at the command of the operator from the control panel. The search is carried out by automatic scanning in a given sector by issuing control commands from the control panel to the vertical and horizontal guidance drives of the launcher in accordance with the given two-coordinate trajectory and the given search speeds. Target detection is carried out upon the appearance of the target image for automated tracking, automatic scanning is turned off. The selected target is kept in the crosshairs of the telethermal imaging sight with the help of an automatic tracking machine. The operator launches a rocket, which is automatically aimed at a target accompanied by a telethermal imaging sight.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- the search for the target is carried out by an automated sight, which, when used on aviation equipment (carrier aircraft), will significantly distract the crew from piloting;

- for the operation of an automated sight, it is necessary to set the boundaries of the search for the target.

A known method of aerial reconnaissance of ground objects using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) [see. RF patent for the invention No. 2229676, IPC class. F41H 13/00], which consists in the fact that a payload (a television camera, an infrared system, a radar station), a data line radio equipment, a navigation system, a propulsion system and an autopilot with a system for measuring roll and pitch angles are previously installed on the UAV. Upon arrival of the UAV in the reconnaissance area, using the payload, the corresponding display (television, infrared, radar) of ground objects against the background of the earth's surface is obtained on the UAV, the UAV location coordinates are determined using the navigation system, and using the system for measuring roll and pitch angles, the values are measured roll and pitch angles. Through the radio equipment, the data transmission lines transmit from the UAV to the ground station signals corresponding to this image, location coordinates, roll and pitch angles, receive them at the ground station, where they convert these signals into a visible image of ground objects against the background of the earth's surface, ground objects are detected in the visible image. objects and identify them as ground objects of a certain class, and using the visible image, location coordinates, roll and pitch angles, determine the location coordinates of the detected ground objects.

The disadvantages of the method:

— low speed aerial reconnaissance (up to 120 km/h);

- susceptibility to the influence of means of electronic suppression of the enemy of the data transmission line;

- low secrecy of aerial reconnaissance (for example, acoustic noise from the operation of the propulsion system);

- the vulnerability of the UAV itself from small arms and enemy air defense systems (low stealth of the UAV itself, flight speed of about 120 km / h, flight altitude from 100 to 3500 meters);

- small area of the exploration area (no more than 50 ^km2 ).

The technical result of the invention is:

- achievement of the probability of detection and recognition of objects uncovered in the process of aerial reconnaissance, not less than 0.9;

- reduction of the search time for an object and an increase in the area of the search area (up to 100 km ² ) due to high speeds (up to 1000 km/h) and flight altitudes (from 3500 m) of the UASP carrier;

- Obtaining the coordinates of an object with an error in determining the coordinates of no worse than 8 meters day and night in simple and limitedly difficult weather conditions.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that as a means of aerial reconnaissance, a thermal imaging, television or combined homing head (GOS) UASP is used, suspended on an aircraft carrier UASP, Fig. one.

In turn, the GOS optoelectronic camera makes it possible to obtain an image of the earth's surface with objects located on it (in the visible and infrared wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum) and display it on the screen of a multifunctional indicator (MFD) in the cockpit of an aircraft, Fig. 2.

With the help of the video recording system (SVR), information is recorded from the MFI, which is stored on a removable media.

Determining the coordinates of objects is carried out using the navigation system of the aircraft (LA) and UASP, imposing an aiming mark on the object and entering the operational target into the on-board digital computer (OCVM) of the aircraft.

The method of optical reconnaissance using optoelectronic homing heads UASP is as follows.

The weapons operator on board the carrier conducts reconnaissance of objects using the optoelectronic seeker UASP, moves the field of view in a given reconnaissance sector, using the control elements of the seeker. The weapon operator's MFI monitor receives a video image from the optoelectronic seeker UASP. The operator examines the image coming from the GOS, detects the object, puts an aiming mark on it, turns on the automatic target tracking mode of the GOS. Information about the object, the nature of its state (moving, in position) and the coordinates of the object, the operator transmits via the data line to the appropriate commanders or control points.

This method includes the following steps:

1. Timely activation of the HOS UASP before approaching the exploration area.

2. The exit of the carrier (airplane, helicopter, UAV) of the UARS to the area of aerial reconnaissance within which the object is located. In this case, the UASP must be turned on in a timely manner (exit to the standby mode).

3. The operator selects the operating mode of the weapon control system of the carrier with the UASP seeker, located at the corresponding suspension point. Next, it displays the image of the field of view of the GOS on a multifunctional indicator (MFI).

4. On the image received from the GOS, the operator searches for an object by moving the target coordinator from the GOS in the vertical and horizontal planes.

5. After detecting an object and recognizing it, the operator activates the target auto-tracking mode by pressing the “LINK” button. After pressing this button, the MFI displays the coordinates, speed and slant range to the target.

6. The crew uses the received information about the target in the interests of the combat use of the ASP, or transfers it to the appropriate commanders and control posts.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the following indicators were used:

- detection range of the GOS UASP target type launcher of operational-tactical missiles with a given probability - D _obn ;

- range of recognition of the GOS UASP targets such as a launcher of an operational-tactical missile - D _rasp ;

- effective bandwidth survey - W _e ;

- average search time to target detection - T _cf ;

- total target reconnaissance time - T _resp .

The formula [see Gorbunov V.A. Target detection efficiency. M.: Military Publishing House, 1979. 160 p.]:

where R _obn - the probability of detecting the GOS UASP of a target such as a launcher of an operational-tactical missile, calculated by the formula [see. Zhivichin AN, Sokolov VS Deciphering photographic expressions. M.: Nedra, 1980. 253 p.]:

where L is the size of the object, A is the resolution of the GOS,

B is a coefficient that takes into account the shape of the object.

Under the effective capture band W _e , is understood all or part

a given strip of transverse capture of the terrain by the GOS UASP, within which the detail of the image of the object allows you to obtain the required data about it.

To calculate the effective swath, the formula will be used [see. Gorbunov V.A. Target detection efficiency. M.: Military Publishing House, 1979. 160 p.]:

where R _s - given probability of recognition of the target.

To calculate the average search time to target detection, the formula will be used [see, for example, Kirillov V.I., Groshev V.N. Theory of combat effectiveness. Monino: VVA, 1969. 276 p.]:

where B is the width of the reconnaissance area, L is the depth of the reconnaissance area, _Vla is the speed of the aircraft.

To calculate the total target reconnaissance time, the formula [see Kirillov V.I., Groshev V.N. Theory of combat effectiveness. Monino: VVA, 1969. 276 p.]:

where P _razv - a given probability of reconnaissance of the target.

For a typical target for reconnaissance, we will take the launcher of an operational-tactical missile of the ATAKMS type. OTP is designed to destroy stationary and field command posts, air defense systems, helipads and airfields, mechanized and armored units in defense and on the march. PU is placed on the BMP type M113, Fig. 3.

The size of the target is: length does not exceed 6 meters, width - up to 3 meters, height - about 3 meters, maximum speed - 30-33 km / h. The target is located within the area of 10×10 km.

To determine the effectiveness of the proposed method, according to the criteria given above, the characteristics of the search for a target in the exploration area were calculated, which are presented in table 1.

The proposed method is an effective way of conducting reconnaissance from an aircraft, since a guided aircraft weapon with a seeker can be placed on a carrier without specialized reconnaissance equipment.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since UASP and their carriers (aircraft, helicopters), which are in service without additional technical modifications, can be used for its implementation.

Information sources

1. RF patent for the invention No. 2395782, IPC class. F41H 13/00 published 07/27/2010

2. RF patent for the invention No. 2564807, IPC class. F41G 7/00 published 10/10/2015

3. RF patent for the invention No. 2229676, IPC class. F41H 13/00.

4. Gorbunov V.A. Target detection efficiency. M.: Military Publishing House, 1979. 160 p.

5. Zhivichin A.N., Sokolov B.C. Deciphering photographic expressions. M.: Nedra, 1980. 253 p.

6. Kirillov V.I., Groshev V.N. Theory of combat effectiveness. Monino: VVA, 1969. 276 p.

Claims (8)

A method of aerial reconnaissance of ground and surface objects by optoelectronic homing heads of guided aircraft weapons for topographic, geodetic, meteorological and information support for their combat use, which includes the following steps: - suspension on the carrier of controlled aircraft weapons (UASP) equipped with optical-electronic homing heads (GOS); - timely activation of the HOS UASP before approaching the exploration area; - exit of the carrier (airplane, helicopter, unmanned aerial vehicle) of the UASP to the area of aerial reconnaissance within which the object is located; - selection by the operator of the operating mode of the weapon control system of the carrier with the HOS UASP, located on the corresponding suspension point, and displaying the image of the field of view of the HOS on the multifunctional indicator (MFI); - performing an object search by the operator on the image received from the GOS by moving the target coordinator from the GOS in the vertical and horizontal planes; - after detecting an object and recognizing it, the operator activates the target auto-tracking mode by pressing the "LINK" button, while the MFI displays the coordinates, speed and slant range to the target; - the information received about the target is used by the crew in the interests of the combat use of the ASP or transfers it to the appropriate commanders or to control posts.

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