RU2771412C1 - Sealing apparatus (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sealing.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a sealing apparatus and can be used in structures of steam and gas turbines, as well as pumps. Sealing apparatus of a turbine includes a body with a flange, a channel. An annular groove is made at the end of the body of the sealing apparatus, located wherein are spring disk washers, a washer, gland packing, a protrusion of the rotor cover. The flange of the body is attached to the body of turbine so that the gland packing is adjacent to the end surface of the protrusion of the rotor cover, wherein a working fluid supply hole is made in the rotor cover, and the spring disk washers impart a clamping force through the washer on the gland packing, compressing the packing against the end surface of the protrusion of the rotor cover, forming a tight seal. Described is a variant of implementation of the sealing apparatus.EFFECT: creation of a simple and tightly sealed sealing apparatus, wherein the influence of wear and gland packing deformation on the regular operation of the apparatus is eliminated and the labour intensity of manufacture and repair is low.2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to sealing devices, and can be used in the construction of steam and gas turbines, as well as pumps.

Known solution RU 2022188 C1 “Sealing device for a steam turbine”, IPC F16J 15/44, containing a shaft on which a package of rings is placed, forming protrusions and depressions facing the protrusions and depressions on the surface of the housing. The housing is assembled from hollow rings, the cavities of which are interconnected by bypass channels to the distribution manifold. Radial feed holes are made in the rings. The cavity of the ring remote from the cavity to be sealed is connected by means of a fitting to the saturated steam supply system. A flange with an additional seal installed in it is fixed on the body. The surfaces of the flange and the body form a cavity, which is connected by means of a fitting to the drain.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is a complex design, in the event of wear or deformation of the structural elements of the sealing device, namely the pack of rings on the shaft and/or the pack of rings that forms the body of the device, the operation of the sealing device is disrupted, which requires immediate disassembly of the structure and adjust or replace structural elements of the device. (RU 2022188 C1, http://new.fips.ru).

Known solution GB 2240817 A "Reaction jet turbine", IPC F01D 1/32, containing a rotor in the form of a shaft having at least one axial channel, and at least one gas-dynamic gas supply device in the form of a supply pipe, located coaxially with the shaft on distance. At least one jet tube is cantilevered on the shaft and has a nozzle at its distal end, which communicates with the end inlet of the rotor axial channel, forming a continuous gas channel. The outlet part of the gas-dynamic device is made in the form of a nozzle.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is a complex design, high labor intensity of manufacturing and maintenance, in the event of wear or deformation of the structural elements, the operation of the device is disrupted, which requires immediate disassembly of the structure and adjustment or replacement of the structural elements of the device. (GB 2240817 A, https://worldwide.espacenet.com).

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in technical essence to the claimed object is the solution RU 2614946 C2 “Jet Jet Turbine”, IPC F01D 1/32, containing a sealing gas-dynamic inlet device having an inlet nozzle, and may additionally contain the following elements: lead-in section, tapering downstream to a minimum cross section, located in the axial channel of the shaft behind the end inlet; an expanding diffuser section located behind the lead-in section. Moreover, these sections are made in the form of a single sleeve inserted into the axial channel of the shaft. The inlet nozzle is located along the axis of the shaft in front of the end inlet with a gap between the inlet nozzle exit and the end inlet into the axial channel of the shaft. The inlet nozzle is provided with a central body axially located in its body, the outlet part of which is formed by a conical surface directed along the flow of the working fluid. The central body is movable in the axial direction to ensure regulation of the flow rate of the working fluid and, accordingly, the power of the jet-jet turbine. The gas path of the inlet nozzle is formed between the surface of the central body and the inner surface of the body and consists of a subsonic part with a minimum cross section that narrows downstream and expands downstream to the exit section of the supersonic part of the body.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is a complex design, high labor intensity of manufacturing and maintenance, in the event of wear or deformation of the structural elements, the operation of the device is disrupted, which requires immediate disassembly of the structure and adjustment or replacement of the structural elements of the device. (RU 2614946 C2, http://new.fips.ru).

The task to which the claimed solution is directed is the development of a sealing device of a simple and hermetic design, which eliminates the effect of wear and deformation of the gland packing on the normal operation of the device and has low labor intensity for manufacturing and maintenance.

The essence of the invention

The problem is solved due to the fact that the body (1) of Fig. 2 of the sealing device has an annular groove (3), in which spring disc washers (4), washer (5), gland packing (6), protrusion (9) of the rotor cover (7) are located. Spring disc washers (4) exert clamping force through the washer (5) on the gland packing (6), pressing it against the end surface of the protrusion (9) of the rotor cover (7), which has a central hole for supplying the working fluid, forming a hermetic seal in the first variant and in the second variant to the lateral cylindrical surface of the protrusion (9) of the cover (7) of the rotor, forming a hermetic seal. Spring disc washers (4) have a working stroke, which makes it possible to exert a clamping force on the stuffing box (6) after changing its geometric parameters due to wear or deformation. The presence of a washer (5) between the stuffing box packing (6) and the spring disc washers (4) allows you to level and increase the pressure area of the stuffing box packing (6), as well as create a flat support surface for the spring cup washers (4), eliminating the effect of deformation and wear of the stuffing box packings (6) on the pressing force application point.

In the first embodiment, the sealing device comprises a body (1) of FIG. 1, which has a flange (2) of FIG. 2 for fixing the sealing device on the turbine housing. An annular groove (3) is made at the end of the body (1), in which spring disk washers (4), a washer (5), stuffing box packing (6), a protrusion (9) of the rotor cover (7) are located. Spring disc washers (4) exert a clamping force through the washer (5) on the stuffing box packing (6), pressing it against the end surface of the protrusion (9) of the cover (7), forming a hermetic seal. The rotor cover (7) has an opening for supplying the working fluid. The washer (5) protects the face of the packing (6) from damage, creates a flat bearing surface for the spring cup washers (4) and increases the pressure area of the stuffing box (6). The housing (1) of the sealing device has a longitudinal through channel (8) for supplying the working fluid, made along the entire length of the housing (1).

In the second embodiment, the sealing device has a body (1) of FIG. 3, which contains a flange (2) for fixing the sealing device on the turbine casing. An annular groove (3) is made at the end face of the body (1), in which the stuffing box packing (6), washer (5), spring disc washers (4) and protrusion (9) of the cover (7) are located. The gland packing (6) covers the outer side cylindrical surface of the protrusion (9) of the rotor cover (7). The rotor cover (7) has an opening for supplying the working fluid. Spring disc washers (4) apply clamping force through the washer (5) to stuffing box packing (6), pressing it against the side cylindrical surface of the protrusion (9) of the rotor cover (7), forming a hermetic seal. The washer (5) protects the face of the packing (6) from damage, creates a flat bearing surface for the spring cup washers (4) and increases the pressure area of the stuffing box (6). The housing (1) of the sealing device has a longitudinal through channel (8) for supplying the working fluid, made along the entire length of the housing (1).

EFFECT: creation of a sealing device of a simple and hermetic design, which eliminates the effect of wear and deformation of the gland packing on the normal operation of the device and has low labor intensity for manufacturing and maintenance due to the fact that the body of the sealing device has an annular groove in which spring disk washers are located , washer, stuffing box, rotor cover protrusion.

Brief description of drawings:

in fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a steam turbine with a sealing device. Lengthwise cut;

figure 2 is a schematic representation of the sealing device. View A;

in fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the sealing device in the second embodiment. Lengthwise cut;

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - body;

2 - flange;

3 - annular groove;

4 - spring washer;

5 - washer;

6 - gland packing;

7 - turbine rotor cover;

8 - channel;

9 - ledge;

Implementation of the stated solution:

The sealing device in the first embodiment operates as follows.

The sealing device is mounted on a rotation unit, for example, a rotor having a cover (7) of FIG. 2, in which a hole is made for supplying the working fluid, and the device is fixed to the turbine housing with a flange (2) so that the gland packing (6) is in contact with the end surface of the rotor cover (7).

Spring disc washers (4) fig. 2 sealing devices, fixed on the turbine housing with the help of a flange (2), exert a clamping force through the washer (5) on the gland packing (6), pressing it against the end surface of the rotor cover (7), forming a hermetic seal.

The sealing device in the second embodiment works as follows.

The sealing device is mounted on a rotation unit, for example, a rotor having a cover (7) of FIG. 3, in which a hole is made for supplying the working fluid, and the flange (2) is used to fasten the device to the turbine housing in such a way that the stuffing box (6) covers the outer side cylindrical surface of the protrusion (9) of the rotor cover (7).

Spring disc washers (4) fig. 3 sealing devices, fixed on the turbine housing with the help of a flange (2), exert a clamping force through the washer (5) on the gland packing (6), pressing it against the side cylindrical surface of the ledge (9), forming a hermetic seal.

Claims (2)

1. A turbine sealing device, including a housing with a flange, a channel, characterized in that an annular groove is made at the end of the housing of the sealing device, in which spring disk washers, a washer, stuffing box, a protrusion of the rotor cover are located, while the housing flange is attached to the turbine housing in such a way that the stuffing box is in contact with the end surface of the protrusion of the rotor cover, and in the rotor cover there is a hole for supplying the working fluid, and the spring disc washers exert a clamping force through the washer on the stuffing box, pressing it against the end surface of the protrusion of the rotor cover, forming a tight seal . 2. A turbine sealing device, including a housing with a flange, a channel, characterized in that an annular groove is made at the end of the sealing device housing, in which spring disk washers, a washer, stuffing box, a protrusion of the rotor cover are located, while the housing flange is attached to the turbine housing in such a way that the stuffing box covers the outer cylindrical side surface of the protrusion of the rotor cover, and in the rotor cover there is a hole for supplying the working fluid, and spring disc washers exert a clamping force through the washer on the stuffing box, pressing it against the side cylindrical surface of the protrusion of the rotor cover, forming hermetic seal.

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