RU2770900C1 - Method for manufacturing a protective sports mouth guard - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for the manufacture of protective sports mouthguards, which are used to protect the dentoalveolar system from mechanical injury. In particular, in boxing, in other martial arts, in hockey, basketball, rugby, etc., regardless of gender and age. The effect can be achieved thanks to the method for manufacturing a protective sports mouthguard, including the manufacture of a jaw model, the manufacture of a multilayer blank in which a layer of copolyester 0.75 mm thick is placed between two layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 2 mm and 4 mm thick, heating and evacuation of the blank in a vacuum thermoforming machine, making holes in the workpiece.

EFFECT: production of a protective sports mouthguard of increased reliability with improved protection of the dentition, improved fixation in the oral cavity, while reducing the negative effects of use, such as shortness of breath, impaired diction.

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Description

The invention relates to methods for the manufacture of protective sports mouthguards, which are used to protect the dentoalveolar system from mechanical injury. In particular, in boxing, in other martial arts, in hockey, basketball, rugby, etc., regardless of gender and age.

From the prior art, a method for manufacturing a mouthguard is known, including taking impressions from a patient, making a plaster model based on impressions, layer-by-layer application to the model and gluing blanks of ethylene vinyl acetate together using a vacuum former.

From the prior art, a protective device for the teeth of boxers is known - a boxing prophylactic jaw splint, which is a horseshoe-shaped plate made of elastic material, characterized in that the splint is made of three layers, the middle layer being rigid, and the outer and inner layers being elastic, while the inner layer has protrusions over the entire surface, with the exception of the edge and sockets for the dentition (Utility Model RF No. 6511).

The prior art is known protective device for teeth (patent No. 142549), containing a horseshoe mouthguard, which has an elastic layer for the upper dentition; hard layer; teeth imprints of antagonists; metallized base, located on the inside in a hard layer, which is made of hot polymerization plastic; in the upper part of the hard layer there are cells for placing the upper row of teeth, the elastic layer is made of silicone elastomeric material.

The disadvantage of the known technical solutions are: large dimensions; not stable fixation in the mouth; difficulty breathing; violation of diction; the possibility of delamination during operation. The disadvantage is also insufficient protection of the teeth during sports.

The objective of the invention is to manufacture a protective sports mouthguard of increased reliability with improved protection of the dentition, improved fixation in the oral cavity, while reducing the negative effects of use, such as shortness of breath, impaired diction.

The result can be achieved thanks to the method of manufacturing a protective sports mouthguard, including the manufacture of a jaw model, the manufacture of a multilayer blank in which a layer of copolyester 0.75 mm thick is placed between two layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 2 mm and 4 mm thick, heating and evacuation of the blank in a vacuum thermoforming machine , making holes in the workpiece.

Implementation of the invention

In the manufacture of a protective sports mouth guard using the patented method, the standard method of taking casts of the patient's jaws is not used, but an intraoral scanner is used, which allows scanning the teeth and making a high-precision plastic model of the jaws on a 3-D printer. Hypoallergenic Pro-FormMouthguardlaminate and Splintmaterial sheets from Keystone (USA) are suitable for this technology.

The first stage is preparatory:

All laminating sheets are cut with special scissors in the form of a circle with a diameter of 12 cm. A Pro-Form Mouthguard laminating sheet with a diameter of 12 cm and a thickness of 4 mm (100% ethylene vinyl acetate composition) is taken and installed on a metal sheet. This sheet will be the outermost and will be adjacent to the mucous surface of the cheeks and lips.

With the help of a gas burner, within 4 minutes, the surface layer of the laminating sheet begins to heat up, with uniform circular movements. The top layer of the sheet begins to melt, soften.

Then a pre-prepared and degreased sheet of Pro-Form Splintmaterial (composition 100% copolyester), 12 cm in diameter and 0.75 mm thick, is taken and adapted to the surface of a 4 mm sheet heated earlier by us. Then it is pressed from above with a second metal disk, and both disks are installed with sheets clamped inside under a manual press with a lock for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, the disks are removed from the press and two sheets are monolithically merged and glued into each other.

Then another Pro-Form Mouthguard laminating sheet (100% ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) with a diameter of 12 cm and a thickness of 2 mm is taken, installed on a metal disk, and using a gas burner for 2 minutes, they begin to heat up the top layer of the sheet, in uniform circular motions . The top layer of the sheet begins to melt, soften.

After that, two sheets prepared in advance and glued together under the pressure of a press are taken and adapted on the surface of a heated 2 mm sheet in such a way that the Pro-Form Splintmaterial sheet is between two laminating sheets, i.e. in the middle. Then they press it from above with a second metal disk and install both disks with sheets clamped inside under a manual press with a latch for 10 minutes.

Thus, a workpiece is obtained, consisting of three sheets rigidly glued together using temperature and pressure, without the use of glue.

This workpiece contains within itself a plastic monolithic frame, which later under the temperature influence of the vacuumformer will completely merge with the underlying and overlying sheets into a single monolith.

Why is such preparation and processing of sheets necessary, stages under temperature and under pressure? If you do not follow this technique, then the installed sheets in the vacuum former peel off and bubble during heating. In this case, it is not possible to obtain a high-quality frame.

The second stage is the manufacture of an individual protective mouthguard with a monolithic frame.

For this, only Track V is used - a vacuum thermoforming machine | Forestadent (Germany).

A three-layer monolithic workpiece prepared by us is installed on the vacuumformer sheet holder, so that the bottom layer is a 2 mm sheet. On the panel. Then, a prepared plastic model of the upper jaw is installed on the platform of the vacuumformer. The heating of the sheets starts, after 5 minutes, the device brings the temperature to 110 degrees Celsius, after which the simultaneous hanging of all sheets by 1 cm is determined, then the holder with the heated sheets is slowly lowered onto the model and the vacuum is turned on.

After turning off the vacuum, allow the kappa to cool naturally for 15 minutes.

After that, the kappa contour is cut, polished, macro, microcontouring, and the bite is fixed on the articulator. Inside the frame, holes are made that do not connect with the teeth and which facilitate breathing with closed jaws.

The proposed invention uses a single application of pre-prepared multilayer sheets, among which is a monolithic frame, instead of layer-by-layer application of heated sheets.

A protective sports mouthguard made using the claimed invention has a monolithic frame along the entire contour of the mouthguard. This frame is completely integrally attached to all layers of the kappa. Thanks to the frame, an individual protective mouthguard can be made thinner than known analogues.

Due to the composition of the materials used, the teeth and mucous membrane of the oral cavity, cheeks, lips are not subject to injury.

Thanks to the monolithic frame, the kappa does not deform at an oral temperature of 37 degrees Celsius.

Thanks to the monolithic frame, the kappa is firmly fixed on the teeth.

The composition of the materials used makes it possible to thin the palatal surface of the kappa to the teeth, while at the same time freeing up space in the mouth as much as possible, thus improving speech and breathing.

Claims (2)

1. A method for manufacturing a protective sports mouth guard, in which first the laminating sheets that form layers in a multilayer blank are cut with scissors in the form of a circle with a diameter of 12 cm, a thickness of 4 mm, which is installed on a metal sheet, which is external and will be adjacent to the mucous surface cheeks, lips, after which, with the help of a gas burner, the surface layer of the laminating sheet is heated in uniform circular motions, then a degreased sheet is taken, which is a layer in a multilayer blank, made of copolyester, 12 cm in diameter and 0.75 mm thick, and which is adapted on the surface of the heated 4 mm laminating sheet, after which it is pressed from above with a second metal disk, and both disks are installed with sheets clamped inside under a manual press with a latch, after which the disks are removed, which forms two sheets monolithically merged and glued, then another laminating sheet is taken, forming a layer multilayer blank made of copoli measures of ethylene with vinyl acetate, 12 cm in diameter and 2 mm thick, which are installed on a metal disk, and with the help of a gas burner they begin to heat the top layer of the sheet, in uniform circular motions, after that they take two sheets prepared and interconnected under the pressure of the press and adapt to surface of a heated two-millimeter sheet in such a way that a skimmed sheet made of copolyester is in the middle, between two laminating sheets, after which it is pressed from above with a second metal disk and both disks with sheets clamped inside are placed under a manual press with a lock, after which they are placed on the sheet holder In the vacuumformer, a prepared monolithic workpiece of three layers is installed, so that the bottom layer is a two-millimeter sheet placed on the panel, then a plastic model of the upper jaw is installed on the platform of the vacuumformer and the sheets are heated up to 110 degrees Celsius, after which the instant is determined all sheets hang down by 1 cm, then the holder with heated sheets is lowered onto the model and vacuum is turned on, after the mouthguard is formed, it is allowed to cool, after which the contour of the mouthguard is cut, polished, macro, microcontouring, and the bite is fixed on the articulator, and inside the frame holes that do not connect with the teeth to facilitate breathing with closed jaws. 2. Protective sports mouth guard, made by the method according to claim 1, including three layers, in which two layers are made of a copolymer of ethylene with vinyl acetate, 2 mm and 4 mm thick, and the third layer, located between them, is made of copolyester with a thickness of 0.75 , while the kappa contains a frame, inside which holes are made to facilitate breathing.